Capital AJournal
An Independent Newspaper Established 1888
GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor and Publisher
ROBERT LETTS JONES, Assistant Publisher
Published every afternoon except Sunday at 444 Che
meketa St., Salem. Phones: Business, Newsroom, Want
Ads, 2-2406; Society Editor, 2-2409.
Full Leased Wire Service of the Associated Press and
The United Press. The Associated Press is exclusively
entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches
credited to it or otherwise credited in this paper ond also
news published therein.
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4 Salem, Oregon, Wednesday, January 25, 1950
New Minimum Wages
The amendments tothe Fair Labor Standards act go into
effect today with its revised regulations and interpreta
tions. The original act was passed in 1938 during the de
pression and almost every provision has now been revised
or expanded. But its original intent remains, to enforce a
minimum wage to restrict the work week to certain hours
and prevent child labor employment.
The principal provisions pertaining to minimum wages,
maximum hours and child labor are altered as follows :
1. The minimum wage which must be paid to "covered" em
ployes is increased from 40 cents per hour to 75 cents per hour.
While the 1949 amendments increase the minimum wage, the
rules governing what constitutes the minimum wage are not
changed.
2. The maximum work week of 40 hours, beyond which time
and a half "the regular rate" must be paid, continues unchanged.
In this respect, however, whereas the original act was silent on
the meaning of "regular rate" and the methods by which "over
time" might be calculated, the new amendments furnish not
only an elaborate and comprehensive definition of "regular
rale," but indicate the methods for computing overtime.
3. The child labor provision of the original act limited the
employment of "oppressive" child labor by prohibiting the ship
ment in commerce for 30 days any goods coming from an estab
lishment in or about which child labor was employed. Under
the new amendments there is an outright prohibition against
the employment of child labor in establishments engaged in
"commerce" or in "producing goods for commerce."
The basic scheme of the act is not changed though there
have been changes in definition of items "commerce" and
"production of goods for commerce," which have been lib
eralized, and certain employes removed from application of
the law, as for instance, newspaper carriers, and other ex
ceptions in other industries.
Among the exemptions, however, Is one class which cuts
across and applies to all industries the so-called white
collar exemptions which include executives, administrative
employes, professional employes, local retailing employes
and outside salesmen. The law provides that employes
who come within these white-collar classifications are ex
empt from both its minimum wage and overtime require
ments. Further, the law directs the wage-hour adminis
trator to "define and delimit" the various white-collar
categories, which has already been done. They have been
redefined and reclassified on salary basis.
The increase in minimum pay from 40 cents to 75 cents
corresponds to the shrinkage of the value in the dollar, for
40 cents in 1938 bought as much as 75 cents does today.
The lengthy law is wrapped so much in red tape that com
ment like this can only touch high spots.
A Hydrogen Bomb
Some time ago Senator Edwin C. Johnson (D.t Colo.),
In a radio and television speech, stated that our physicists
were engaged in trying to make a hydrogen super-bomb
which would be 1,000 times as powerful as the plutonium
(atomic) bomb.
Johnson's announcement received a great deal of pub
licity in the press and brought a rebuke from President
Truman, who chided congress for permitting secret mili
tary information to leak out. What a hydrogen bomb
would cost to produce has been variously guessed at from
$200 million to over $2 billion. Whether with a debt of a
third of a trillion dollars and an administration running
$5 billion a year in the red, such a bomb would be seriously
considered remains to be seen.
What is a hydrogen bomb? Few know anything about
it outside of scientists and their languageis over the heads
of most of us. So we reprint the simplest definition yet
seen from the New York Times :
"The technical problem is utterly different from that of the
uranium-plutonium bomb. To produce a Plutonium bomb rare
uranium 235 must be split to start a chain reaction which ends
in converting fairly plentiful uranium 238 into plutonium; to
produce a hydrogen bomb, hydrogen must be built up into
helium. In this transmutation of hydrogen to helium excess
mass is converted into energy, which is what happens in the sun.
"Can we imitate the sun? Only if we have at our disposal
heat that cannot be generated by any furnace. The transmuta
tion of hydrogen in the sun occurs at a temperature of 20,000,
000 degrees C. To attain this there is nothing for it but to set
off a uranium or plutorium bomb. The explosion would be
accompanied by heat which for a flash matches that of the sun's
interior.
"If hydrogen can be transmuted in this flash it may well be
that a hydroRen bomb's radius of destruction would be 50 miles,
as some reports that come out of Washington have it, instead of
the two miles credited to plutonium. But the estimate that a
hydrogen bomb will be 1.000 times more effective than a plu
tonium bomb is probably an exaggeration. Even a bomb a
hundred times more powerful than any we have so far produced
is enough to make us shudder."
Outside of the moral issue raised, which exists in the use
of the atomis bomb as well, and really in the use of any
bomb, which is forgotten under necessity, with its scien
tific knowledge and technical resources, the United States
could probably produce a hydrogen bomb, as its secret has
long been known, just as it produced the plutonium bomb,
but would it ever be used if produced ? Frobably not, except
as a threat against aggression,
How Attractive Will Oregon Be?
Despite the cold weather, the boys are warming up al
ready to the idea of building 1950 into a record tourist year
for the Pacific Northwest.
Travel men from the northwest states and the western,
section of Canada got together in Spokane to figure out
what would likely be doing in the tourist business in these
parts this year. That was when the boys came out with
optimism and the belief that last year's record of $110,000,
000 tourist business for Oregon would be broken.
This section of the nation offers so much to the tourist,
and especially to the sportsman. And, fortunately for
the individual states, the best way to promote the section
is through unified action, which is what has been realized.
There is one thing that should be remembered regarding
the visitors, a& far as this state is concerned. Oregon can
realize, as those travelers come to this state in expected
record nurrmers, that many will be looking the state over
as a possible place in which to locate. The growth figures
for Oregon indicate that the state apparently sells itself.
But that selling job can't be taken for granted.
Visitors should be extended the friendly hand of wel
come. One of those visitors may become your next-door
neighbor.
BY H. T. WEBSTER
The Unseen Audience
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WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND
Poker Game Between Stalin
And Mao Has Asia as Stake
By DREW PEARSON
Washington A secret month-long poker game between an ex
Georgia priest and a Chinese peasant may settle the fate of all
Asia. This is the confidential advice given President Truman by
Secretary of State Dean Acheson.
The game is in Moscow and the players are Josef Stalin, shrewd
i n d
BY CLARE BARNES, JR.
White Collar Zoo
impassive,
who sits oppo
site China's
communist boss,
Mao Tze-Tung.
The prize is
Manchuria, the
rich northern
provinces of
China eyed with
sharp desire by
both czars and
politb u r o s for
more thana
century.
Mao went to Moscow Decem
ber 16. He is still there.
KRISS-KROSS
Jolson Just About Had to Go
Into March Routine in Show
ByCHRISKOWITZ.Jr.
Diane Bray, who docs a creditable pantomime of Al Jolson,
came treacherously close to an embarrassing moment during
Monday night's March of Dimes talent discovery show at Salem
high school.
Diane, a lovely young lady under her black paint and white
gloves
Waving newspaper editorials
from his district, Congressman
John W. Heselton of Massachu
setts declared that his constitu
ents were overwhelmingly op
posed to gagging legislation.
"My people like to see issues
fought out openly on the floors
of congress," said Heselton, "in
stead of being bottled up in the
rules committee so we can't vote
on them. I have the greatest re
spect for Joe Martin, but I'll
have to oppose him in this
fight."
Rep. J. Harry McGregor of
Coded cables to Washington t b, opposed to this gag pro
say a stubborn quarrel over T : e ' v.
Manchuria has prolonged what " ZXTJHZ vTl
should have bee a brief formal til?! w 7..' I .
dodging them. We're hurting the
party by 'me-tooing' the Dixie-
back
Drew Pe.rtoD
visit. Stalin has proposed an au-
tonomous Manchuria under an
out-and-out Moscow stooge, Li "
jo insisting nua&id live uu iu us
I Aid'
: - f&
was to
mimic Jolson s
actions while a
rec o r d i ng of
Jolson singing
"Swanee" was t
played over the
public address
s y s tern. Diane
carefully placed
the record on
the backstage
phonograph
turntable sev- cbrl
eral minutes before her act.
Jr
Kowltz,
packs a wallop In entertainment
as well as a wallop against polio.
The well-rounded display of
vaudeville acts plays in Stayton
Thursday and Silverton Friday.
Next week it hits Mt. Angel
Monday, Woodbtirn Wednesday
and Mill City Friday.
Mary Bourke. the gal who
wows 'em with her takeoff on
Sophie Tucked, actually looks
Sophie Tucker, actually looks
Question What will happen
Aug. 14, 1945, treaty with China
which recognizes Chinese "full
sovereignty" over Manchuria.
Mao is a tough customer who
knows he must show a streak of
independence to keep his hold
over the Chinese people. Like
Yugoslavia's Tito he has com
plete control over his own army,
but if Mao returns home with
out Manchuria and with com
mitments to supply Russia with
troops, laborers and food, Mao
will lose face ingloriously.
Former GOP Floor Leader
Charles Halleck of Indiana tried
vainly to stem the oratorical
tide, chiding his rebellious col
leagues: "I remember when a lot of
you fellows who now oppose
this resolution to change the
rules came to me during the 80th
congress urging that certain bills
be held up in the rules commit
tee. Some of you are not being
very consistent." '
However, Halleck's dig seem-
n e s e communist government,
and now control its propaganda
machine.
Also on Mondav night's March to the historic Christmas tree on
of Dimes show was a drum ma- the courthouse lawn when the
jorette act. Two majorettes were new courthouse is erected?
to twirl their batons while a Answer It'll probably come
peppy band rendition of "Stars down.
and Ktrinps Forever" was nlaved 0nly chance for the tree's
drum ma-
survival would be to set the new
county edifice far enough back
i 1... 4Un4 a i. -r
jorettes took care to see that T" J ,", t u .
ii,.!, h , ni. , the new building would be back
over the amplifyer.
Like Diane, the
Present plans would have the
73-foot fir yield to the axe.
There shouldn't be any con- teke care him.'
Life in "GOP"
turntable. The majorettes placed
"Stars and Stripes Forever" on
top of the "Swanee" disc.
You can guess what almost
happened. Only fate caused gestion of traffic in moving baby
someone to glance at the turn- cribs about the matcrnity ward
table seconds before Diane was at Saiem Generai hospital for
to go on stage before 1,000 peo- tne next few dayS- A p0cket.
Ple- sized traffic cop is riding in
Had not someone noticed the one of the vehicles. The junior
title of the record atop the turn- gendarme is James Hunter,
table, Diane would have dash- 2-day-old son of Jim Hunter,
ed out on the stage all dressed city traffic patrolman,
up like Jolson, only to have .
"Stars and Stripes Forever" Willamette Valley Lumber
blast out. company officials at Dallas re-
port that 731 tourists visited
Don't miss a chance to witness eil PIant durin8 1949- Guide
t,l. . . w , , . , F. J. Holman must have been
the March of Dimes talent show puttin(, a meral translation to
which begins a tour of Marion the old saying of "run 'em
county Thursday. The show through the mill."
While the poker game goes ed to inflame the insurgents fur
on in Moscow, the Soviet is sec- t h e r . Representatives Clifford
retly trying to undermine Mao. case of New Jersey and Jack
Hundreds of Soviet officials, pa- Javits 0f New York served no
rading as farm advisers, military tice that GOP support of the
experts, engineers and welfare Cox resolution would "play in-
omciais are moving into tne Chi- to the hands of the democratic
opposition" in the next election.
Another foe of the "gag rule,"
Rep. Reid Murray of Wisconsin,
lashed out at southern democrats
A few days ago at the state for inveigling republicans into a
department there was a round- political coalition against civil
table discussion between an rights. Murray, who opposed the
American, a Chinese and a Fili- oleo tax-repeal bill, was greet-
pino. ed with shouts, "the oleo fight is
The state department man over," as he took his feet,
asked "but what can non-com- "Yes, but the same gentlemen
munist China do? You have no frm he south who prompted
leaders." repeal of the oleo tax are going
The Chinese agreed, "That is f. eiv uyu anothuer lickinf
true but we do not need leaders. ls llBh over hT! -ule?'
If Mao sells out to a foreign Murray d e c 1 a r e d , furiously,
power the Chinese people will ?he. southerners are always
p ajr iiifi itHUWUtoiio lui ouvn.1 s
and too often we fall into their
trap.
The secret republican caucus that the .re against the Truman
over reviving the gag-law" in social and snendin nnii-ip.
"Tell him my brother-in-law handles all my insurance"
POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER
Hypnotism Can Be Man's Best
Friend-lf He Doesn't Dog It
By HAL BOYLE
New York W) Have you hypnotized your wife or husband?
Why not?
This is the best solution of everybody's marital problems yet
dreamed up.
A New York professor recently indicated that problems of this
Icliai luuil&iuiesa limb ail uina-
tors get caught with: They never
realize that power is a solitary
enterprise that nobody is go
ing to admire them merely for
their muscle.
It also is needless to point out
that wives are the soft instru
ments of power in our civiliza
tion. Why remark again upon
the female fist in the velvet
glove? We all have felt it.
Our only possible defense is
Hal Boyle
the rules committee showed that
iT Z Bio"" is taken care of first. If you don't
party" yet,
Vtfil lATin vnn nin4k iUnt Un
House Leader Joe Martin was when tne biu to relieve hardship
for the gag but he didn't try to cases under tne cotton acreaBe
shut off debate on the hot issue.
"Speaker Rayburn," he warned,
"wants to get off the spot him
self and put us on it. If the Cox
resolution reinstating the gag
rule passes, he won't have to
cases under the cotton acreage.
control program comes up in the
house.
"Our southern colleagues use
us when they need our support
to protect southern economy, but
that's the extent to which they
nature can
solved by the
mumbo- jumbo
of hypnotism.
He didn't say
it quite that
way. But he did
say that he
nonlH hvDnotize
a gent, snap lum 8
out of it and yet
still have the
guy come back
1
tic suggestion at 3 o'clock the , ,
following afternoon to pet a big Personally, I have no desire
black dog that wasn't there. to fork out $15 to a hypnotist
who will mesmerize my wife
I say that this opens the an- into caning at my library In mid
swer to all the problems of the afternoon to pat a non-existant
western world, which are large- dachshund,
ly male versus female rather Lefs be realistic, even if it
than American against Russian. costs $25 if I can hire a mumbo
(The Russians must have as jumbo artist who will get her to
much trouble getting along with pat me lovingly on the cheek on
their wives as we do). the morning after the night be-
Personally, fellows, regard- fore under the mistaken impres
less of what you do, I am either sjorl that I am a misunderstood
going to learn to hypnotize my Saint Bernard. Well? Bow
wife or hire a man to do it for wow!
me- The onry danger I can see is
How can a guy afford not to? that this terrible weapon of hyp
You take the average wife, notism may fall Into wifely
What does she give you but a lot hands.
of common sense and "love's old Looking at it that way, boys,
sweet yelp"? She has no real our secrets are gone. Our favor-
MacKENZIE'S COLUMN
Forces of Communism Draw
Closer to Pakistan and India
By DeWITT MaeKENZIE
Foreign Affair Analyst)
The isolated and mountainous state of Afghanistan, heretofore
regarded as anti-communist and for generations a buffer between
Russia and the Indian peninsula, suddenly has begun orienting her
foreign relations toward Red Moscow.
That's a development which easily could create a further threat
to the vast pen- f?
time, northern democrats will
accuse us of being against civil
rights,
-,7- V,r A. em.PI0ymen? want to play ball. I'm getting
TtrnrtlPtaQ mil nnri fhornfnro mnn'r " o o
r .7. " : " tired oi it.
rnn.m.i'.n? ? h;s uthern NOTE: Despite Murray's out-
constituents. But at the same spoken remark wnicn
TltT10 rtrirthorn ncmnniAtp unl 1 - . . .
have been tinged with bitterness
over losing the oleo fight, repub-
llanc tfVn hQira Vtaan i.onj K..
VVDr, " "V ,.;-iT'. 7 7 i u Dixiecrats can blame only them-
FEPC and will vote for it if the selves. Broad-gauged southern
democrats give us a chance, I nouse members like st hen
still believe it is in the interest Pace of Georgia, Brooks Hays of
of economy and good govern- Arkansas, Percy Priest of Ten-
lution, because it is the most ef- r0,ina. Wright Patman of Texas
fective way to stop extravagant and Tom steed of Oklahoma
spending by this administration. to mention only a lew have
it any oi you teel otherwise, get Dlaved stronee,
roles arainst spp-
appreciation of the mysteries of
life that make existence worth
enduring for the male. Her
life is ruled by a crass sense of
man's injustice, which is the
mixed product of lady loneli
ness, lady insufficiency, and
lady propriety. For all this she
blames her husband.
A wife not only insists on be-
ite bartenders wil sell us help
lessly down the river at the snap
of female fingers. Our little
white lies will stand out like
5 o'clock shadow at 10 p.m.
or like John Dillinger at an FBI
chowder party.
Believe me, friends, hypnot
ism should never become the
poor woman's radar. But it
it off your chests.
Martin's colleagues took him
at his word.
insula (now
comprising the
new nations of
Pakistan and
India) from the
swelling com
munist of
fensive in Asia.
The reason
for this start
ling shift in
A f g han senti
ment is due to
the heated quarrel between Af
ghanistan and neighboring Pak
istan over the territory sur
rounding the famous Khyber the forces of communism are
pass which lies between them, drawing closer rapidly to the
During the British- rule of the 400,000.000 people of Pakistan
peninsula this narrow belt of d,ln inia
DrlVItt Markrntla
official Russian trade mission
has visited Kabul, the capital,
and Russian technicians are be
ing employed by the govern
ment. So the shadow of commun
ism looms over the towering
Khyber pass through which in
vaders of old made their way in
to India. However, that's far
from being the whole story of
the red approach to the penin
sula. If you will take a look at your
maps of Asia you will see that
tional politics than most north
erners. (Copyright 1950)
ing boss, but she demands that can be man's best friend if he
she not be alone. This is the doesn't dog it.
College Boys - Regardless of Ism
Hong Kong, Jan. 25 VP) A Chinese college student in
communist Peiping wrote his father here this week:
"I should not call you father because I now belong to
the state x x x. I am short of funds and would appreciate
a check by return mail."
rocky British territory between
India s northwest frontier prov
ince and Afghanistan was re
The whole land side of the In
dian peninsula is ringed with
the advancing red host. The con-
garded as a "neutral" zone in quering Chinese communists
which lived the fierce Pathan are closing in on Burma. They
tribesmen. This was by agree- have an army on the border of
mcnt between Britain and her Tibet and have announced that
neighbor. The British left the they intend to free this "roof
Pathans alone so long as they of the world" which is asking
behaved themselves.
However, when Pakistan was
created as an independent state
and took over the northwest
frontier province, she claimed
the democracies for aid to de
fend itself against the reds.
So the Indian peninsula on its
entire extensive land side soon
is likely to be in close contact
with the communist political
Classified Ads Help Out Dog
Baton Rouge, La., Jan. 25 VP) A lost dog found his mas
ter through classified ads.
Pug. a frisky fox terrier, left his master's car in down
town Baton Rouge, and strayed right into the classified ad
department of the State-Times.
Clerks checked his tags, and united dog and master in
jig time.
OPEN FORUM
Working of State Civil Service
(Editor's Note: Letters to the Open Forum must be limited
to 300 words and must be signed by the writer.)
To the Editor: Oregonians will always be a strange' and won
derful breed of people to me. When they get something on their
mind that needs to be remedied, they want action and right now.
Maybe that is how they have built such a powerful state in the
short space of a little over a generation.
After reading the article by '
Mrs. Lewis (on "Save Civil out of their own experience the
Service System"), I can not help problems and hopes of the men
but think how right she is. who work under him.
The shocking fact is that to- But, this experience is too fre
dav getting a state job and hold- WetMJ short-circuited because
ing it depends far too often upon they have not followed through
knowing the right people. And to see that his social conscious
it is unbelievable that a good ness is written into practice and
CapitaljkjJournal
civil service system would give
imbedded in the minds of the
she inherited the neutral belt drive. And don't think that com-
and the Pathans.
munists aren't busy within In-
The tribesmen meantime have dia as well.
br i trying to create an hide- That presumably was part of
pendent state called "Pathani- the background which former
stan," and Afghanistan is sup- Undersecretary of State Will L.
porting this native movement. Clayton had in mind in address
The Afghans say Britain is ing the house foreign affairs
backing Pakistan. committee yesterday. He declar-
Anyway, Afghanistan is turn- ed that "Stalin is winning the
ing away from the Indian penin- cold war" and that if it contin
sula and is raising its eyes to ues, the year 1955 "will prob
the spires of the Kremlin, to- ably find the western hemi
ward which until now it dared sphere surrounded by commun
not look. For the first time an ism."
the department head the last foremen. To my knowledge.
word instead of the commission. lnere ls one aeparuneni mat
, , . T, when a civil service em-
I believe I know most of the p,oyee js discharged that $64
department heads and I must word always pops up, insubordi-
say I never met a finer group nation.
of men. Most of them have come HERALD HOUGH,
up the hard way. They know Route 1, Salem.
Editor's Allergic to Printer's Ink
Pasadena, Calif., Jan, 25 W Allergy, schmallergv, says
Newspaper Editor Frederick G. Runyon, what's to do?
Runyon, who works for the Pasadena Independent, Is in
Huntington Memorial hospital for treatment of asthma.
He is allergic, doctors have told him, to blue trass, cats,
dogs and printer's ink and newsprint.
During World War II
Car SLSF laoaon.
taining 150,000 copies
of Selecctones, the
Readers Digest Spanish
language edition, van
ished in northern Mexi
co. Three months
search having tailed
Want Ad uns IriaH
3 days It brousht word
that the missing car
was on a siding in the
small town of Empalme
Escobedo. t
Classified advertising
has been called an tl
cniial coKunltr Mr-Act.
mm
I
In
rTI(M 1119. HnM firm, f M iht- u. . ril off.
Your Ad Will Get Results, Too. Dial
Result Number 2 2406