10 Capital Journal, Salem, Oregon, Monday, Dec. 12. 1949WHAT DID U.N. ACCOMPLISH?
Five
Saved from Watery Grave Five persons plucked
from the ocean after their small plane crashed and sank
off the Florida coast, thank their rescuers at the Miami
Coast Guard base. The three adults and two children clung
to two airfilled gasoline tins for two hours before their
Coast Guard-intercepted SOS brought help. Left to right,
are: Lieut. Don Cobaugh, whose search plane sighted Mrs.
A. K. Hcnneken, holding Robert, 2; T. G. Jungerson; Mr.
Hcnnekcn, holding A. K. Henneken, Jr., S, and Ray Huff,
co-pilot of the PBY which picked up the five crash victims.
(Acme Telcphoto)
Groves Says U. S. Threatened
With 'Complete Annihilation
New York, Dec. 12 VP) Lieut.-Gen. Leslie R. Groves says that
the nation today is threatened with the possibility of "complete
annihilation," but that the people aren't really worried about it.
The wartime head of the atom bomb project has told American
business leaders that the public has not awakened to the danger
posed by Russia's possession of
information leaked to Russia
during the war.
He called for a thorough sift
ing of evidence relating to such
reports.
the A-bomb.
"Never before in history,"
Groves said, "have we been
threatened with complete anni
hilation." But, he said, the American
people "arc not convinced in
their hearts there is anything to
worry about."
The retired army general told
a closing session of the National
Association of Manufacturers
that the nation's security is "not
as sound as I would like to have
it."
He said that the mere threat
that an atomic bomb might be
used against this country means
that a decision will have to be
made on the question of decen
tralizing the nation's Industrial
plants.
This can not be accomplished
es painlessly as "irresponsible
planners" suggest, he said. He
added that it would mean total
disruption of the industrial econ
omy and a lowered standard of
living for the American people.
The alternatives, he said, were
cither to keep industry intact
and incur the risk of multiple
destruction, or to partially de
centralize it by better placement
of new plants.
He advocated the latter
course.
Groves said the only safe way
to regard the recent reported
atomic explosion in Russia is to
assume the Russians have an
atomic bomb as good as the first
one the U.S. exploded in New
Mexico.
Groves made only slight rcf
crence to congressional invest!
cations of reports that atomic
West Bloc Gained Support
Against Russ on Major Items
By FRANCIS W. CARPENTER
New York, Dec. 12 VP) The western powers gained support
against Russia In the 1949 United Nations assembly on the major
propositions of world peace and control of atomic power.
But no let-up in the cold war was evident at the end of the 12
week session. The grave and urgent questions of atomic energy,
the Stalin-Tito row and the Chi--
na issue went unresolved along
with a host of old items.
Gn the credit side, the as
sembly acted for the first time
as a world legislature. It ap
proved independence for all of
Libia, former premier colony in
Mussolini's African empire, by
Jan. 1, 1952.
It also approved a ten-year
waiting period for Italian So
maliand before independence,
with Italy returning there as
trusteeship administrator.
It set up a committee to study
former Italian Eritrea and come
up with proposals at. the 1950
assembly.
In a rare unanimous vote, the
assembly approved a broad pro
gram of technical assistance to
under-developed countries, car
rying out further the point four
project laid down by President
Truman last January in his in
augural address.
Groves was the last of the aft
ernoon speakers at the closing
business session of the NAM'S
54th annual congress of Ameri
can industry.
At the closing dinner, Carlos
P. Romulo, of the Philippines,
president of the United Nations
general assembly, said that the
assembly "has kept aflame the
torch of freedom and peace.
"The torch shall remain light
ed," he said, "for there is an in
exhaustible reservoir of hope
and endeavor by which the
flame shall be nourished like
vestal fire."
He declared that "mankind's
desire for peace will not be de
nied."
The assembly's meeting this
fall, he said, has "fulfilled its
primary duty to mankind" by
"affirming that desire" and by
proceeding resolutely to lay the
solid foundation of that peace."
Speech Honors Won
Willamina Members of the
speech class at Willamina high
school winning honors at the
Forest Grove contest last week
were Linda Riley, Betty Watt,
ulenva Magers. Linda won sec
ond place with her oratory on
Student World Consciousness.
She was also one of the top six
in interpretive reading. Glenva
and Betty reached the semi
finals as partners in a debate
The girls competed with stud
ents from 20 schools.
The assembly started Sept. 20
with expressed hopes it would
be a "Peace Assembly," just as
the Paris session the year before
was the "Human Rights." But
President Truman's disclosure
three days later that the Soviet
Union has cracked the secret of
the atom changed the whole
tenor of the meeting. It never
was the same for the rest of the
12 weeks.
Yugoslavia's election to the se
curity council over Czechoslova
kia further strained the peace,
and Nationalist China's charges
against the Soviet Union so
angered the Russians they re
fused to take part in debate on
the case.
The delegates labored long
over the atom. Assembly Pres
ident Carlos P. Romulo appealed
personally to the six atomic
powers to try a new approach.
The best the assembly could do,
however, was to approve, on
Nov. 23, a resolution instructing
the six atomic powers to con
tinue consulations to see if they
could agree on anything. These
powers are Russia, United States,
Britain, France, China and Can
ada.
The West picked up votes on
this issue. At the Paris assem
bly, the Western plan for atomic
control was approved on Nov. 4
1948, by 40 votes to 6 (the Slav
bloc, with Yugoslavia a mem
ber at that time).
This year, the assembly ap
proved the resolution for fur
ther talks, which amounted to
a reaffirmation of the Western
plan, by a vote of 49 to 5. Some
small countries went over to the
majority and Yugoslavia abstain
ed this time.
The other important point
where the West gained was on
peace.
By 53 votes to 5 (the slav
bloc) with Yugoslavia again ab
staining, the assembly approved
a 12-point statement of the "es
sentials of peace" put up by the
United States and Britain as
counter to the Soviet Union
proposal for a so-called peace
pact among the five great
powers.
The delegates voted down by
thumping majorities the Soviet
plan, which would have blamed
the United States and Britain as
plotters for a new war and then
would have urged them to join
with the Soviet Union, France
and China in a new peace pact.
The 53-vote approval was the
biggest majority ever gained by
the West on a major issue. Some
key delegates said this amounted
to a personal repudiation of So
viet Foreign Minister Andrei
Y. Vishinsky and his blustering
tactics.
Vishinsky threatened, argued,
cajoled, pleaded and used all of
his old oratorical tricks. This
was the third assembly where
he has taken this role and some
delegates indicated they were
tired of Vishinsky.
Name-calling was a character
istic of the assembly. Vishinsky
called the Nationalist Chinese
delegation "these pygmies" and
scornfully hit at the Yugoslav
delegation as the "Tito clique."
Dignitaries flocked to this as
sembly.
President Truman came to an
open air session on October 24
to dedicate the cornerstone of
the permanent headquarters in
New York City. The Shah of
Persia visited" the assembly at
Flushing Meadows and started
out on the wrong speech. Prime
Minister Nehru of India paid a
call to the headquarters at Lake
Success. The average American
glocked to the UN by thousands.
When the assembly adjourned
it had completed action on 68
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Bishop of Nassau
Dies in Bahamas
Nassau, Bahamas, Dec. 12 (P)
This B r 1 1 i sh colony today
mourned the Most Rev. Bernard
Kevenhoester, bishop of Nassau,
who died Friday at the age of 80.
Bishop Bernard was the first
head of the Catholic church in
the Bahamas to bear the title of
bishop. Under his direction,
Catholic Missions and education
in the colony were developed
and 'expanded.
Bishop Bernard was born in
Alten-Essen, Germany, on Nov.
1, 1869. When he was seven, his
forced to flee the
country during the prosecution
of the church by BismarcK.
He was ordained a priest at
St. John's Benedictine monas
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and was pastor o at. Anseim s
church, the Bronx, N. Y., for
17 years. 1
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