n ! 4 I T 4 FOR SUPPER Capital A Journal The Cipher An Independent Newspaper Established 1888 !' GEORGE PUTNAM, Editor and Publisher ;, ROBERT LETTS JONES, Assistant Publisher Published every afternoon except Sunday ot 444 Che- meketa St., Salem Phones: Business, Newsroom, Want Ads, 2-2406; Society Editor, 2-2409. Full Leased Wire Service of the Associated Press and ' The United Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for publication of all news dispatches .' credited to it or otherwise credited in this paper and also news published therein. ', SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Br Carrier: Weekly, Sc; Monthly. $1.00; One Tear, llJ.eo. By ' Mall In Oregon: Monthly. 75c; 6 Mo.. $4.00; One Year, H.00. V. S. Outside Oregon: Monthly, $1.00; 6 Mm., $6.00; Year, fit 4 Salem, Orejron, Tuesday, June 14, 1949 Eisenhower Speaks Our Last year when there wan much speculation on who would be the major party nominee for president, the name of Dwitfht 1). Eisenhower was offered frequently ' by his supporters. His name was put forward rather casual ly among the republicans. Among the democrats, how ever, he received some ardent backing. All the while, his position on national and international subjects was pretty much a mystery. It was a strange situation where a man was sought to a varying degree by both parties without the people knowing his views. And then he made his position clear: He did riot want his name considered as a candidate for the presidency in 1948. But his political views were still not known. At the time and since then, there has been much specu lation on what political opinions Eisenhower holds. Could he be considered a new dealer or middle-of-the-roader or what? - One of the first bits of light came the other day when he addressed the graduating class at Columbia university. He made his position known on paternalistic government: He was opposed to it. Nothing should interfere with man's right to self-government. It was a stirring pledge of faith in the individual as a free man. He belabored demagogues 'of right and left who would turn back the clock of his tory to the days of regimented humanity. This expression of views on Eisenhower's part left little to the imagination. He was definite and clear in his posi tion. Because of the significance of these remarks in let ting the people know where he stands, the Capital Journal is reproducing that commencement day address in two parts. The first is on this page today. ' And one page one of this issue is another indication of how Ike stands on national affairs. He opposes federal school aid grants to all of the states, a proposal already -.approved by the senate and now pending in the house labor subcommittee. As he sees it, help should go only ;to those states that can't raise enough taxes to support a high level of education. And then he would stipulate that such help would be only "under formulas that would permit no abuse, no direct interference of the federal authority in education processes and no opportunity to expand the flow of federal money into areas where need could not be clearly demonstrated." New dealers will find little eomfort In Eisenhower's remarks. His two public pronouncements indicate he could not be considered in the new dealers' camp. It would ap pear that his views were more of the traditional liberal, as so ably outlined in another century by Thomas Jeffer son. Free man, defined by Eisenhower in lofty terms, is beset by schemes which would supposedly improve his condition. But those schemes actually would weaken his own self-reliance and build the power of the state. Blue Monday for Stocks It was "Blm Monday" for the New York stock market, when it cracked to a 4Vt year low. Leading issues dropped from a few cents to more than $2 a share, some around $4 and one to $7.50. It has been a bear market for weeks and it has not yet stabilized. The investing public has not been buying for months and the billion dollar loss of paper profits seems to have been mostly by the speculators. No explanation is offered for the slump", although the drop in steel production, the demand for a fourth round of wage increases in the largest industries, the decline in tax payments, price reductions and production cuts and John L. Lewis' shutdown of coal mining had their cumu lative effect. Also important was the fact that the resist ance level at which a declining market has been stopped three times since the end of the war was broken through. , Undoubtedly other factors had their depressing influ ence, among them the European situation and the cold war stalemate, and to failure of congress to act on either the financing of the Marshall plan or the Atlantic pact; the failure of the administration to even attempt bal ancing the budgpt and resort to deficit expenditures in stead of effecting economies; the return of the president to New Deal ideologies of costly subsidies; insistence on $4 billion more taxes when the collections of the past year show a shrinkage of $.1 billion for the last year prov ing that taxes have reached the point of diminishing re turns. Back of it all lies the national debt of $2.V2 billions and the unbalanced budget, for which record new expen ditures are advocated to stimulate the recession. Salem Leads Northwest in Bank Gains The gloomy outlook in Wall street doesn't affect Salem. The Federal Reserve bank statement shows a gain of 14 per rent for Salem Imnk credits in May compared with the same month last year, and bank credits are consid ered one of the best yardsticks of business activity. For the first five months of the current year, Salem's bank debit gains amounted to 7 per cent. The showing placed Oregon's capital city at the top of the list among major cities in the Pacific Northwest and compared with an average gain of 1 per cent for May and a fraction of 1 per cent for the five months period in the Twelth Federal Reserve district. Salem's bank debit total for May was $."i8.6"8,0H0 com pared with $51,426,000 in May, 1948. For the five months the capital city had hank debits of $298,250,000 as against $277,771,000 last year. Portland had bank debits of $515,262,000 in Msv and $2,610,091,000 for the five months, a drop of 6 per eent in each instance. Eugene's bank debits were $48,363,000 and $223,710,000, decline of 4 per cent for the month and 11 per cent for the five months, according to the report. Bellingham had a 14 per cent increase in bank debits for May but showed a drop of 2 per cent for the five months. Walla Walla was even with Salem with a 7 per rent gain for the five months but was behind the Oregon city with an increase of 11 per cent for May, tht report aid. BY DON UPJOHN Indications are, from the rush for marriage licenses at our local Cupid's counter, that some sort of a record may be hung up for June this year unless the urge flattens as the month ad vances. Yea. it the time torrwn brides and roses and well has the month been named. But it looks like a bit o f discrimina tion by leaving out the grooms in this designa tion. After all, in most cases, he's the guy who pays the marriage license fee and it seems should be treat ed as something else beside an Incident. He deserves some sort of a break. Albany Mrs. Saloney M. Hinkle, 82, was feeding kittens on the back porch of her home Sunday on the airport road, R. F. D. No. 1, when she stumbled over the black mother cat, fell backwards and broke her hip. She was taken to the Albany General hospital where Monday her condition was reported as fair. Oaa Vpiaaa, Nature in the Rough Lebanon, June 13 (Special) A lady pigeon is fighting a losing battle high in the rafters of the Lebanon Auction house on east evident Pat Emmons, formerly Salem attorney but now practising law at Albany, engaged in quite a baseball game the other day while relaxing from his legal duties. When Pat went to bat he was faced by his 16-year old son as pitcher. When Pat hit the ball it was fielded by his 10 year old son who heaved it to Pat's 12-year old son at first base and Pat was out. 'This was by gibes from his 8- Sherman street. The old build ing, used as a livery stable in early days, is being dismantled, and Madame Pigeon is in a high state of excitement over the ac- year old son who was sitting on a nearby fence giving the old man the raspberry. Ore Pearson The case of State of Oregon key Manchur John Pinson was on the ian city of Dai- tivity which threatens her nest docket in circuit court for trial ren was divided and eggs. During the past week today. The defendant was to be between R u s -she made vicious swoons on tried for certain antics he al- sia and China. workmen removing shingles legedly cut ud as a convict in Developed by t he Japanese, tankers. from the roof. Rafters must the state penitentiary. The case Dairen stands at the tip-end of "The company therefore sug come down within the' next few didn't get trial. For some reason the Lao-Tung peninsula, also at gests," continued Truitt, "that days, wrecking crews state, and or another counsel for defense the treminus of the south Man- the commission reconsider its eviction of the belligerant couldn't get in touch with his churian railroad, is one of the action ... by which it declined PEARSON UPSETS ARMY APPOINTMENT It didn't attract the big headlines that the battle over Mon Wallgren did, but last week President Truman quietly bowed regarding another of his major proposed appointments Cur tis Calder to be secretary of the army. Though last April he announced that Calder was due for appointment 60 days later, Mr. Truman quietly appointed Cordon Gray to be secretary of the army instead. The president's reversal, according to White House observ ers, was due to a series of columns by Drew Pearson, reveal ing the corporate and utility connections of the proposed sec retary of the army. WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND Chinese Communists Row With Russian Communists By DREW PEARSON Washington Biggest news from the Orient has only been reported so far in the diplomatic cables. It is that the communist government of Russia and the new communist government of China are already at each other's throats. Mao Tse-Tung, conquering leader of the Chinese commiAiists, has become bit- ' ' the maritime commission, four tankers now building would not be registered under the Stars and stripes. "The Standard Oil company," wrote Truitt. "will have (four) tankers which it desire to place under American flag and reg istry, to be manned with citizen personnel, provided it is permit ted to transfer to Panamanian flag and registry ... the equi valent carrying capacity of used m BY BECK Recollections terly anti - Rus sian. Here is the inside story of what happened: Under the Big Four peace agreement, the n "V I USED TO OREAD THE DAV ' "li our street would ee paved - ( BECAUSE OF THE NOISY TRAFFIC ir . '- Fi IT BRINGS.. BUT NOW I CANT frEVl-1-'. i-'V4-J WAiT TIU. ITS OPEN FOR f'-M.'-'-"fir- USE AMD THOSE KIDS A '"-Tm',- -T !v - V TAKE THEIR ROLLER V, " Vj' . v SKATES SOMEPLACE JK- $ 'fSihil 'JK yi' ji y IciosEo nester is certain. client. EISENHOWER IN SIGNIFICANT TALK Ike Hits at Demagogues Of the Paternalistic State (Editor's Note: The recent commencement day address given by Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower at Columbia was significant. The Capital Journal feels his message is so important that this newspaper is reproducing it in full. It makes clear his political feelings. This is the first of two parts.) By DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER "When Columbia's first graduating class was awarded its de grees, the pace and tempo of the human world had changed little from the days of the Caesars and Pharaohs. "Life then, as viewed from our observation post 200 years themselves as capitalists. later, had in it more of leisure spokesmen for labor, social re and less of strain; more of medi- formers or politicians, eliblv tation and less of hysteria; more promise us prosperity for our best seaports in North China. to approve the application to But when the Nationalist Chi- transfer to foreign flag and reg rese moved out of their part of istry the vessels named above, Dairen, the Russians promptly and desires to point out that moved in. And now that the com- . . . (otherwise) this will result munists control all north and in the loss of the newer tankers central China, Gen. Mao Tse- to the American merchant mar Tung sent word to Russia that ine and the national defense pro he wanted to take over the Chi- gram." nese half of Dairen. The vice-president's son-in- Whereupcin the Russians said law used to be general counsel no. They said it emphatically of the maritime commission, and they have refused to budge later was a full-fledged commis- since. sioner. Nevertheless, his former As a result, Mao Tse-Tung colleagues did not relish Max's and Chinese communist lead- squeeze play regarding oil ers are boiling mad. They have tankers. come to believe that under the (Coprrimi lew much vaunted Russian-communist system, China may not even have as much land as she did under the old-fashioned capitalists. MacKENZIE'S COLUMN Ignorance Is Dangerous oy uevriii Macivcriic ' UPl PoreliD Alt.lr Anamt) Educational developments sometimes get lost in the shuffle of world events but we shouldn't overlook the importance of the positive stand taken by 20 of America's outstanding educator! regarding the r"i mese obviously nigniy con troversial views were contained in a report prepared by an edu cational commission appointee by the National Education asso ciation and the American Asso ciation of School administration. The purpose of the commis sion was to study teaching changes which might be advis able in view of political ten sions. When President Truman wa questioned about this report at his Washington news conference he said he figured the educators know their field the best. How ever, he did think that young Communists should be barred mlnds sh?uld not e taught b' from the teaching profession. teaching about communism in our schools. These educa tors who in clude General Dwight Eisen hower, presi dent of Colum bia university, and Dr. James B. Conant, pres i d e n t of Har vard, have given in effect this verdict: The principles of communism should be taught but not advo cated in American schools. 1 OcH'ill Markeatla of faltn and confidence and less of doubt and fear. But underneath the surface, in the gen eration of C o 1 u m b I as founders, there was spreading the spiritual fire of a new social and poli tical philosophy support of their personal but carefully concealed ambitions. "False teachers, who magnify acknowledged errors in the BARKLEY'S SON-IN-LAW Washington's sanctimon i o u s newsmen say it shouldn't be written about, merely buzzed about at Washington dinner ta bles. However, one of the po- practice of democracy, attempt jitical misfortunes of Washing- 1 to destroy our faith in man s right to self-government. As we seek to conserve what is good ton is the manner in which the vice-president's son-in-law. Max Truitt, is cashing in on Alben and sound even while we boldly Barkley's fine name explore and test new ways, we are belabored by the dema gogues of right and left, both k. tinh ""wiii wuuiq turn oacK ine clock of histnrv In tha riavi nt own . m , . ' J- ii based upon tne concept oi eqimi- regimented humanity, ity of right among men. regard- "In such a maelstrom of facts less of the accident of birth. and crises and false counsel, the "For centuries that fire had guidepo'sts to individual duty glowed so leebly as trequenuy and action become obscured Truitt is an able, likable law partner of Ex-attorney General Homer Cummings. Both get plenty ot law practice on their However, since his father-in- law became vice-president of the United States, Trultt's law business has expanded so the clients almost jostle each other to disappear almost completely from view; but it persisted mif- "Infallible counsel for each' of eUin in!,i.de tne door powers through history the fate of becoming a cap tive of the peo ple they cap tured. But the Am ericans are be ing captured on a cultural and household level rather than on a military level, by German music, beer and ser- JJTJ ma us is to be found within our In addition, young Truitt is ficiently to provide much of the valid hopes and aspirations and not t0 "elective. On his list are inspiration for the great trans- ideals as human beings, so me-tnree cniei Dictators ot tne Atlantic migration of the seven- clearly understood by our colo teenth and eighteenth centuries, nial forebears. Many diverse reasons hardened "The simple faith, the un Trujillo of the Dominican Re public and indirectly, through - - . , w i-uiim intra uv iiumutrr men and women of Europe to an shakeable conviction they held tne largest Argentine Shipping o( Americang ,rtalioned here for cruel, to get a favored job," she said. "And they haven't in any vants rather than by the theories way lost their desire to doml- of Clausewitz. nate. That was the impression "They show it in small ways, gained by correspondents flown For example, we just bought a here by American overseas Air- young dog, and I have been try- lines on a tour oi tne war zones, ing to train it. It people who advocate the over throw of the government of the United States. The point is, of course, that I teacher can import informatiot objectively about communism, or any other ism, without advo cating it. Objectivity, there fore, is the key to the problem, as this column has been insist ing. There has been widespread anxiety in this country about a discussion of communism in our schools, and my observation is "I don't like the fact he can nBl 11 na,s . ?een .ue . ... fear that presentation of the understand his German nurse subject mi(!ht be accompanied better than he can me." by advocacy. The ideological complexion ol An intelligent wife said one our country a dozen years hence of the most depressing things to may well depend on the manner her was the struggle for power in which the current educational that went on among German ser- program is handled. We cer- vants in her household. tainly can't solve our problem "They'll do anvthin to pnrh by hiding under a barrel. We other, no matter how petty or must et out and face the issue POOR MAN'S PHILOSOPHER Americans Find No Fun As Prisoners of Conquered By HAL BOYLE Berlin, June 14 (A) Americans in Germany have in some ways become the prisoners of the conquered. They are suffering, to a degree at least, the fate of all occupa tion No teacher who isn't thor oughly familiar with the sub ject should be permitted to try to explain it. Our greatest danger lies in ignorance. The educational commission condemned the careless and un- les on a tour of the war zones, ing to train it. If I either praise ' . noun was confirmed by a number it or discipline it. I know that '"'J "se of ch word as Red company, Peron of Argentina. In fairness to the vice-president, it should be noted that he is frequently on the opposite side of the fence from his son-in-law. When Truitt was retained by ocean Journey that was then in man s individual rights and scarcely less than terrifying. his equality before the law and Foremost was a fervent hope God, is the most priceless jewel that they would find in the New ir, all the vast spiritual and ma World escape from ancient terial heritage those men and tyrannies imbedded in the Old women bequeathed to us. World's structure. "We rnnnnt affnrH In lrw "This purpose expanded and their sharp sense of basic values tne Tidell,nds oil lobby,, Bark flourished at amazing speed in expressed by Patrick Henry the American wilderness, where In one imperishable sentence, only individual courage, self- confidence and faith could spell "Millions of us, todav. seem survival. to fpar that individual freedom It begot in our fathers a dc- is i(,ading u, toward social termination to reject utterly ,.haos. lnBt inriivi(illa oppor. any political theory that gave tunily na, forpvPr ajSBppCared; one man, or a group of men, an thllt no p(,r,on can have rightful Inherent right to dominate olh- ti,le to prop(.riv. that we have ers a determination eloquently roarhed lhe point wn.rc the expressed and reaffirmed in our dividual is far t00 fmM lo cope most treasured historical docu- wilh hi, circumstances: that his mcnis. the last three years. and "communist" to attack peo ple whose views differ from those of the accusers. To these expressions your col munist would add the term brought a softening of the atti- "I have lived in Germany be- h. "i " ,, " "L" Z 'Fascist," of course, was the as soon as I turn my back my cook will go to the icebox and get a bone for the dog. And The hardening of the political that's the lesson she wants it to lines between east and west has learn. tude between the individual fore and since the war. In all American and the individual that time. I have never met a ley fought on the senate floor German. Even combat men who German I felt like throwing my ment to kill the Tidcland oil bill. Also, across mis una tour arms around and saying, 'You when Truitt registered as the years ago have dropped the word sweet old thing, you.' They paid agent of Dictator Franco "kraut" from their vocabulary, aren't loveable and they haven't ine auierence mat nas tanen cnangea. And that gives me a place on tne social level can per- hopeless feeling. and lobbied for his full recog nition, Barkley was known pri vately to oppose iruch recogni tion. designation of Mussolini's move- in Italy, and subsequently came to be used for similar movements, like nazism. Be cause this ideology was essen tially opposed to communism, the communists started to use the word "fascist" as a term of opprobrium to be apnlieri In ing and you become a stranger anyone who was against boU haps best be shown by two par- It isn-t much fun to be a con- ura i auenueu mrt inree yean nuernr wh.n Ih. o,,n o.i... tir. afmi i. A - ll i in,. Meanwhile, Truitt gets in on f. . . i m land ,nat doesn' want you. shevism. some of the most inner circle parties in Washington thanks to the fact that his wife is of- lifolong physical" security against ,icial hostess for the vice-presi dent. every risk is all that matters. "In the simple living of that "More than this, we hear that day the application of this re- such security must be attained solve to social and political by surrendcriag to centralized problems, while difficult, did control the management of our rtnt invnli-a anh pnmnlfiviliAl SOCirtV and confusions that our fore- "In short, to these fearful Vandenberg, on whom the pres. fathers were led to deny the men, the free human individual """V1 mu," depend for his bi were some frauleins pres ent, two Russian officers but no German men. Some newly-ar rived American wives gave the frauleins the silent treatment all the most exclusive ever thrown by the Trumans. Not even Sen ators Tom Connally and Arthur validity ot their principles. "Rut, since the days of Colum bia's founders, a mighty up surge In the gathering of knowl edge and the development of machines has many times over complicated human relations. "Technologically, we who are gathered here and our pre decessors of Columbia's first commencement are separated by the chasm between the ox-cart and the jet engine, between the grist mill and the cyclotron, be tween a man wresting his own living out of a wilderness farm and the citizen whose livelihood depends on the successful func tioning of an entire and complex national economy. "The Impact on us of every international fact and crisis is is a social anachronism. P'"1 Ionian poucy, were m- "On every count the fearful v''d- men are wrong. "More than ever before, In our country, this is the age of the Individual. Endowed with the accumulated knowledge of centuries, armed with all the The White House dinner for f"n'"' T.h ?"mn hes Winston Churchill was one of """" " ug uviiiiiiii mug, uui inuai UL tne tunes the band played were American. This week the correspondent group went to another party. The band played only two American tunes. The Americans sang and danced to German songs. No Russians attended the party, but there was a fraulein or two there and several German men. The American wives danced instruments of modern science, he is still assured personal free dom and wide avenues of ex- Living isn't so lush for Amer icans in Germany today as it was three years ago. But they But L a w y e r-Lobbyist Max Truitt was. Latest of Max's operations has been to demand that the mnri- Oil of New Jersey to transfer With ,he Gr.m,n men six modern oil tankers to the Panamanian flag. The maritime commission had pression so that ne may win for "'" , " '" ' " " can still live more cheaply her. himse f. his family and his 0l1- Standard then hired the , ,, .. . r country greater material com- versatile Max. The commission'! fort, ease and happiness: greater ""'"sol was based on the fact spiritual satisfaction and con- ,nat 0,1 ' setting scarce in this tent ment. country and. in time of war. "When even the rudiments of ,h' nation's entire economy will knowledge were possessed hv nepeno on naving enough tanK rrs 10 uring in toreign oil. it the tankers are under a foreign flag, however, the United States loses control. Floor Furnaces only a privileged few. when man's appalling ignorance han dicapped his participation in snvernmpnt thfr u-b orn,,nH Immediate. We are seldom tree , believe that an all-powerful from anxiety as each day'a ...i. hid in ruin .a-h ...hi.t . evenis crowd instantly upon our iif, from th, cradle to the grave. Panamanian flag attention. Th.l iminl t,.. Hi,..v,.J l .nrt Iriu-.r than they can at home in terms of parties and servants. "What do things cost now at home is the housing situation any better? they ask. One way in which the Ameri can victor is being captured here Is by his conscience. "Wives who come over look at the misery around them and it troubles them deeply," one man aaiH "Th.u mtmr rfnina But since operation under the thin,. , hjD Ge'rman children. and before long they are more means wages. Max Wiax.nHii Barm oil. No fire-tesding, no shore! ing of , Irs cJmm Mo M-crim or dirt, If lt kWmmmHt ra.n Hoti Powerful hU op to 4 or S rooms wiu "warm-floor" comfort. Mm Hm w. can install without "tearing op" tout hftuse, WM. tmmf ! Sli.i mnd MaJ.li to suit yonr partic ular needs: Seoosiortho Ha-M tnetaltatioii for toot homo, W.'n mUh Ifclt offer to inrinro yon to buy in our alow ann instead of in oor Fall rush. See ns nnw st mono ret thm beau 1 . xl active in charity work than they their own homo "Pralir IPAIini nttnw nr- -U .. a ..-!. Ti.iltl want U - C , I I " ""- "... p- mi , ii jrni i, UUI nJUUtlC ..... -.n, ,u 1UI 7II1UIIIU rVCT W'CrO tend to a moral purpose that ex- existence. Oil. towns " animation proves false Tht None remains today. He proposed that Standard Many American families are vote-seeker rarely hesitates to "The free individual has been Oil register under the Panaman- disturbed bv the problems of IT. i .li" " ? A" S"'utM ni" own master; th. ian flag six modern tankers rearing children here. One hus- humankmd Ruthless Individ. ..ate as his servant. ouiU ,lnce m2: ,nd threatened band whose child is just learn- uala, whether they classify (Concluded tomorrow.) that If thii was not accepted by tni to talk aaid: low Down Paymont -Easy Tot-msl Offer Good Until July 31st Only HOWARD J. SMALLEY OIL CO.' 1405 Iroodwov ph j.S406