4 Capital Journal, Salem, Oregon. Thursday, April 3, 1947
Capital Journal
SALEM, OREGON
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They Point With Pride t
If anyone should find Governor Earl Snell, Speaker John
Hall, the two co-chairmen of the ways and means committee,
Rep. F. H. Dammasch and Senator Dean Walker, as well
as half a dozen others prominently identified with the cur
rent legislative fiasco, shamefacedly attempting to concea
the fact while pointing with pride to the parts they played
in the second special legislative session of 1933, their be
havior should be easily understood and excused.
The underlying reasons for such pride of membership in
that now far-distant assembly, which marked the depths of
the depression, and the chagrin with which they acknowledge
their part in the "crime of 1947" involves a study in com
parisons the highlights of which are enumerated in some de
tail on another page of today's issue.
In the 20 days allotted to that special session which con
vened late in November, 1933, there was accomplished more
important legislative business, both in quantity and variety,
than has been ground through the mill of the 44th assembly
in the 81 days it has been so busy doing nothing. Four of
the major bills tackled and licked in that 20-day meeting
just before Christmas 17 years ago, would, any one of them,
measure up in complexity with the most bothersome puzzles
with which the current legislature and governor have had to
battle. ,
They included the drafting of the Knox liquor control act
which, with hardly an amendment of any great consequence,
has stood up and still stands out as a model widely copied
by other states in dealing with the most difficult of political
problems. Less successful and less enduring as it was for
mulated has been the milk control system devised in that
session, the institution and adoption to the first of the new
j l nV,wi;n1 in iha iinnmnlnvmpiif pnmnpnsat.imi
system as a part of what we now recognize as the social
security program. All of this to keep the daylight hours of
the assembly clicking and moving steadily onward, while
the experts Durneu tne minnignt on punueruig over me in
tricacies of a $10 million federal loan to finance on a toll-
charge basis the series of steel and concrete bridges tha
span the principal rivers and bays along the 300 miles of th
coast highway.
Those were but a handful of the really critical problems
which had to be met in dealing with the economic and social
problems which were then flooding the nation; problems hav
ing to do with keeping the banks of the state in a solvent
condition; questions of city financing, county solution of
public welfare matters, and the always present clamor of
the schools lor more money at a lime wnen more money
was not to be had.
Those were the days when in place of doling out generous
wage and salary increases to public employes from the hum
blest to the governor, the legislature was forced to reduce
the already niggardly pay of some of the not too generous
compensation of those in the higher brackets in a sweeping
slash which was met with voluntary acceptance by the con
stitutionally exempt members of the judiciary. They also
had a sales tax proposal with which to wrestle a sales
tax geared to the needs of the public schools.
Krug Admits Negligence
An implicit acknowledgment that he has not enforced
the safety laws in soft coal mines under government control
is contained in Secretary of the Interior J. A. Krug's order
directing that 518 federal operated mines remain closed
indefinitely because they are labeled dangerous from an
explosive point of view.
The other 2,013 mines, Krug said, could reopen Monday at
the conclusion of the six-day "mourning" period called by
John L. Lewis for 111 miners killed in the Centralia, III.,
catastrophe. That is if the "operating managers certify that
they have reviewed safety conditions and practices and that
there is no immediate danger to the men working in those
mines," they will be reopened.
Approximately 40,000 miners are employed at the 518
mines, that is 10 percent of the coal miners. The responsi
bility for not enforcing safety laws is shared by the officials
of the various states in which the mines are located and
federal operation of the mines docs not excuse their negli
gence. Lewis' only immediate response to the Krug order was
to charge Krug with full responsibility at Centralia because
he "withheld from them succor which was in his power to
give." He told the house labor committee:
"I do not say that J. A. Krug by affirmative action killed
those 111 men, but that by his lack of action permitted them
to die."
The congressional investigation, under Senator Cordon
of Oregon, now under way, will settle the issue and deter
mine the responsibility, which it is claimed Lewis shares, for
knowing conditions in the mine, he made no effort to correct
them and so "withheld from them succor which it was in
his power to give." But Lewis will never admit his own
negligence in failing to look after his dues payers.
United States to Rule Japanese Islands
The United Nations security council by unanimous vote
of 10 nations has approved after a sharp debate between the
United Stales and Soviet Russia an agreement giving the
United States sole trusteeship over the vital strategic areas
of three Pacific island chains wrested from Japan. These
were the bases from which the Japanese mounted their attack
against the Americans. To become effective the trusteeship
agreement must be ratified by the United Stales senate.
The islands include Saipan, Tinian, Truk, Eniwetok, Kwaja
lein and Jlajuro, some of the most important bases of the
war. I wo Jima and Okinawa, part of the old Japanese em
pire and not mandates, were not included. They will be
handled in the Japanese peace treaty, and the United States
is expected to ask for a trusteeship in them.
The agreement gives the United States sweeping rights,
amounting to virtual annexation, under which the govern
ment may fortify the vital islands, close them at will for
security reasons, and ban foreign aircraft. As sole adminis
tering authority, the United States also reserved the right
to reject any modification or alteration of the terms. This
was the point where Gromyko for the Soviet, raised his
strongest objections, contending that the council itself should
hold such powers.
Austin, the American delegate, won the significant tri
umph in a bitter round of closing debate, where Soviet Dele
gate Andrei A. Gromyko at one point abstained on a con
tested section rather than exercise the veto.
Commenting that "this demonstrates that the United Na
tions docs work." Austin took the report to Capitol Hill,
where he was called before a house committee to testify on
expenditures of the American United Nations delegation.
Wives
By Beck .
I GUESS ITS SAFE TO KJT WHILE YOURE DOWN HERE 1
W PUT AWAY THE OLD SNOW ETkYOU MIGHT LOOK OVER THE Q
f SHOVELAXE . BUCK SAW 41 W H0SE F0R LEAKS.. AND OIL V
M AND HIGH RUBBER BOOTS. 1 W UP THE LAWN MOWER. AMP
l. I'M GLAD TO 6E THROUGH tk fk LAY OUT THE RAKE AND Jg
fm WITH THOSE THINGS M ife HOE AND OTHER -aeffg
'
Sips for Supper
By Don Upjohn
Saw a picture In a magazine
today of the courthouse at Mt
Holly, N. J., which was built in
1767 and still handling the
county's business. Gosh, maybe
we were a little hasty a while
back in expressing views about
the one here being obsolete.
Our little comment last eve
ning about a uniform for Fire
Chief Roble brought assurance
from the chief that he's going to
have ohe and he'd be wearing
same now only the tailor hasn't
been able to get the materials
but he expects to be airing it by
the middle of the month. But
that isn't all. All of the firemen
arc going to have new uniforms,
says the chief, along with new
caps, new badges and a general
all around new appearance.
"The uniforms are going to be
pretty snappy," says the chief,
"right up to the minute and not
only will the men be proud of
them but the pople of the city
will be pretty proud of them,
too."
What with the sheriff's depu
ties in uniforms that leaves only
Chief of Police Frank Minto
and Sheriff Denver Young him
self the only ones who won't
be sporting 'em this summer.
The chief is going to look pretty
lonesome in front of the city
hall in his civvies.
Arabs and "silently steal away."
The Kiwanis group is going af
ter them."
We heard the aftermath on
that cigar which was slipped to
County Commissioner Roy Rice
on April Fool day and which we
suspected was loaded with a
firecracker. It seems the young
lady who loaded it for the com
missioner and had it reach him
via two or three intermediaries
wasn't of the mean, diabolical
sort that would load a cigar with
a firecracker. Not her. Instead
she cut off some bits of her hair
and stuffed the cigar with same
in as fullsome a manner as a
neat job would permit. We ask
ed Roy how he liked the cigar
and he said pretty good, in fact
it seemed like a little higher
class than the kind he usually
smokes. We're read porhes about
the perfume in women's hair
but didn't know it was that good.
They're In for It Now
(Corvallis Gazette-Times)
"The Reds, Pinks and other
off-color people might as well
fold up their tents like the
Well, so we're going to have
manual parking meters and af
ter the public has spent its nic
kel it's going to have to go to
all the trouble of pulling a
crank. In an age where folks
don't even have to push a button
to get hot water, or to have their
house heat go on, it's going to
be pretty tough to have to pull
a crank on a parking meter.
Why doggone it, civilization gets
set back a hundred years.
Almost all water is derived
directly or indirectly from the
ocean by evaporation, condensa
tion in clouds and precipitation
As I See It
by
ELMORE PHILPOTT
Anyone who follows the international arguments must know
that one of the greatest causes of misunderstanding is that differ
ent words are given different meanings. That is true in different
countries. But it is also true'
within countries.
This confusion is partly due to
the deliberate misuse of words
for purposes of political war
fare. The "smear" is a too fa
vorite device. To too many left
ists anybody is a "fascist" who
does not toe the current line of
communism. To too many oth
ers a communist is anyone
who favors any advance in the
political or economic system.
This smcar-mongerlng goes to
ludicrous lengths. Thus, ac
cording to the more reckless left
ists, any big business man must
necessarily be a "fascist."
According to the more un
scrupulous propagandists for
big business Soviet communists
are "red fascists" and hence as
big a menace as "black fascists."
The amusing part about this lat
ter smear is that some of those
loudest in their denunciations of
red fascists" were most as
siduous in their apologies for
black fascism" ten years ago.
So readers will know exactly
what I am talking about when
I use the various terms here
are my own definitions.
I give them because on look
ing them up in the various dic
tionaries and encyclopedias 1
find that there is as wide dis
agreement amongst our own ex
perts as there is, say, between
Marshall and Molotov.
Democracy: Government of
the people, for the people, by
the people. Where free, direct
decisions are not possible by all
the people, Riving the power to
make decisions to representa
tives chosen by the people, and
removable by the people when
the people are not satisfied.
Democracy is never an end,
but rather a means to an end,
to enable the people to have
life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness." An essential fea
ture of democracy is continu
ous free discussion and decision
after such. Democracy cannot
be separated from a balanced
principle of rule by majority
vote, but with acceptance by the
majority of the right of the mi
nority to gain enough support to
become the majority.
capitalism: An economic
system in which mass production
is the key feature for the private
profit of the proprietors. Such
production requires vast invest
ments in factories, mines, etc.
Thus capital becomes the key
element in society, and the con
trollers of capital the most in
fluential class.
The decisive feature of capi
talism is that business starts or
stops, slows down or speeds up.
according to the expectation of
making or losing money.
Socialism: An economic sys
tem based on business financed
and democratically operated as
a public service. The essential
feature is public ownership of
means of production and distrib
ution. Communism: Revolutionary
socialism as .advocated by Karl
Marx, and applied by Lenin and
Stalin, Differs from democratic
socialism in that it holds capi
talism would never yield power
peacefully, to votes alone. Hence
it organizes anti-capitalist class
struggle, and after victory ap
plies a period of "dictatorship
for the working people" during
preparation for a classless soci
ety based on equality.
Fascism: An antirevolutionary
force organized by the fearful
classes in any country where a
revolution is a possibility. Comes
into being in chaotic countries
like Italy of 1922 or Germany of
1933 when economic break-down
is complete and where If left
alone the democratic process
would result in substitution of
socialism for capitalism-in-par-alysis.
Fascism bears the same
relationship to socialism that
strike-breakers bear to strikers.
Imperialism: Government im
posed on an unwilling people
other than those of the impos
ing government. The essential
feature is that the imperialist-
ruled people have lesser rights
than those of the ruling power.
Imperialism is, in one sense.
exported fascism. Fascism is, in
the same light, merely imperi
alism practiced at home.
By DeWitt MacKenzie
(AP Foreign Affairs Analyst)
England has given no more
impressive exhibition of deter
mination to whip her economic
crisis and defend her interests
at home and abroad than we
have just witnessed in the cir
cumstances surrounding the
passage of the peace-time con
scription bill through its second
(and decisive) reading in the
house of commons).
That measure is a live bomb,
providing as it does for the call
ing up of some 200,000 men be
tween 18 and 26 annually for
service in the armed forces. It
comes in the midst of a grave
economic crisis. Britain is liv
ing in frugal austerity on bor
rowed money, and its essential
industries are lagging because
of lack of manpower.
Moreover, owing to the short
age of miners the country for
weeks has been without ade
quate fuel and light because of
scarcity of coal. And to make
the cup of misery overflow, Eng
land has been wading through
hell and high water, due to un
precedented storms and floods.
Aided by Conservatives
Could one imagine a tougher
moment in which to present a
bill for the conscription of man
power into the army, the navy
and the air force? ifet the so
cialist government is determined
to keep the country on an armed
footing which will provide ade
quate defense and maintain Brit
ain's prestige as one of the Big
Three. And in this emergency
the conservatives, who political
ly are the mortal foes of the
socialists, turned to and support
ed the government when it was:
faced with a split in its o w n I
party.
What happened was that a con
siderable left-wing section of the
labor (socialist) party deserted
the government over this issue
enough so that Prime Minister
Attlee's ministry might have
been overthrown if the big con
servative minority had joined
with the socialist' dissidents. But
former Prime Minister Church
ill led his followers into the fight
for Attlee, with the result that
the measure was adopted by a
vote of 386 to 85 a result which
doesn't show the full extent of
the leftist revolt, since quite a
bloc of members refused to vote.
Conscription was opposed on
several grounds. Those who
fought it maintained that indus
try needs men more than do the
armed forces, that conscription
is inconsistent with labor party
policy, and that the cost of the
armed services is excessive.
Some extreme leftists also op
posed it as being hostile to Rus
sia, Strong: Reserve Desired
The conscription act would
run for five years and Defense
Minister Alexander says that by
1954 it would produce a trained
reserve of 700,000. At present
Britain has some 1,500,000 men
on active service a tremendous
fighting machine. The govern
ment is trying to reduce this
number to 1,000,000 by March
31, 48 still a great force.
With all this evidence at hand
can any doubt that John Bull
not only is determined to lee his
crisis through, but that he has
faith in himself. That's ques
tion of vast importance in these
days when the world unhappily
is divided into two eampi, and
Britain is siding with America,
Indications are that the Brit
ish public in general is united
on foreign policy. This view is
strengthened by the bi-partisan
vote on the conscription bill, be
cause socialists and toriea are
strange bed-fellows under ordi
nary circumstances. There are
vast differences of opinion on
how to handle gome imperial
problems India, for example
but not so much where British
foreign interests are involved.
Aunf Jemima
Here Saturday )
Salem will havp a vi,t c.
urday from Aunt Jemima of
not cane ana radio fame. The
Negro mammy whose pancake
recipe made Col. Higbee's plan
tation in South Carolina fam
ous, will be it Erickson'j Super
Market lust north nf the nnH.
pass on Portland road. Slated
to arrive at 10 a. m. she will
demonstrate her pancakes and
autograph packages of her mix.
Connected with the Quaker
Oats COmDBnv inr nvpr 9S van
Aunt Jemima is each afternoon
heard over the radio network
from New York on a half-hour
program. On tour now of the
United States, she comes In Sa
lem from Portland.
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