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About Capital journal. (Salem, Or.) 1919-1980 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 29, 1946)
, Stalin Declares Russia Has No Atomic Bombs 60 Divisions of Russian Troops in Occupied Eastern Europe Moscow, Oct. 29 (IP) Prime Minister Stalin declared in a statement made public today that the Soviet union has no atomic bomb or anything like it, and urged "rigid interna tional control" of atomic en ergy. The Soviet leader, replying to 31 questions submitted to him by Hugh Baillie, president of the United Press, said Russia's troop strength in the occupied countries of eastern Europe to taled 60 divisions, and would be reduced within two months to 40. Answers 31 Queries Stalin expressed opinions on a broad range of subjects, cov ering almost every paramount international issue. His replies were broadcast this morning over the Moscow radio. Asked what should be done ait the threat of a new war lihould arise, the Russian lead er said its "instigators" should be curbed, and he accused Wins ton Churchill. Britain's war time prime minister, of being among such instigators. He said, however, that he did not agree with U.S. Secretary of State Byrnes that tension was in creasing between the United States and Russia. This state ment was regarded here as a solid contribution to better re lations between the two pow ers. Defends Veto Power In response to other questions, Stalin declared: 1. The government of the USSR is "indifferent" to the presence of American warships In the Mediterranean. 2. He does not feel the veto power has been used to excess either in the UN security coun cil or in the foreign ministers' council. 3. Russia regards the western borders of Poland as perma nent. 4. Russia feels that "Yugosla via has grounds to be dissatis fied" with the peace treaty drafted for Italy at the Paris conference. British in Greece 5. The USSR regards as "un necessary" the presence of Brit ish troops in Greece. 6. He believes that "not only , ,h economic, but also the poli tical unity of Germany is to be disired." (Concluded on Pane s, Column 7) Reply Made By Churchill London, Oct. 29 (.IP) Win ston Churchill said today he welcomed Prime Minister Stal in's statement that there were only 60 Russian divisions in "the territories he mentions." "But even 60 divisions on a war footing would, of course, greatly exceed the British and American forces in enemy-occupied territory in Europe," said the former British prime mini ter, who conferred many times during the war with Stalin. "Moreover, Premier Stalin's figures do not include Romania." (Dispatches direct from Mos cow and a translation as broad cast by Tass, the Russian news agency, included Romania among the countries listed, along with Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Poland, although the original question and answer did not appear to include that former enemy state.) Churchill's statement, issued through the British Press asso ciation, said Stalin's figures did njsi "include the heavy Soviet concentrations in the Leningrad and Odessa regions." Churchill commented that there had been no "contradic tion" by the British govern ment of his suggestion that Soviet divisions in the area to talled 200. "On the contrary," he said, "the statement of the prime minister and undersecretary of state for foreign affairs showed only anxiety at the strength of ttie Soviet mobilized forces. "No one would have been more pleased than I to be told that I was misinformed." Churchill, whom Stalin had described as among "instigators of a new war" who should be exposed and curbed, said "one would have thought" that infor mation about the extent of al lied forces in occupied territory would be exchanged among the allies. Divorce for Aliens An alien, even though he has entered the country illegally, can get a divorce in Oregon if he has lived in the state a year, Attorney General George Neu ner ruled today for Attorney General Smith Troy of Washing ton state. The normal residence requirement for divorces in Ore 8nf one year. apital AJoniraal 58th Year, No. 256 2SfcUSTo: Salem, Civilian Group In Control of Atomic Energy Washington, Oct. 29 (IP) The powerful new atomic energy commission pledged today "a minimum of interruption and dislocation" as it takes over broad authority from the army. The five-man civilian board, named by President Truman, said in a statement released by the White House: "As stated in the president's announcement of the appoint ment of the commission, there must, necessarily be a period of time during which the commis sion will study the present atom ic energy program, analyze the broad scope of the problems fac ing it, and lay plans for carry ing out its very great responsi bilities. Period of Transfer "During the period of transi tion the commission has asked the war department to continue to carry on the functions and operate the facilities of the Man hattan project. The orderly transfer of functions and prop erties from the Manhattan engi neer district may well extend over a period of months. "The country has continuing need for the skills and experi ence of those who have been carrying forward this program. It is the purpose of the commis sion to effect the transfer with a minimum of interruption and dislocation. "During the interim period while the commission is prepar ing to take over its operating responsibilities it will be assist ed by a temporary staff consist ing of Herbert S. Marks, Joseph Volpe, and Carroll L. Wilson." The five a federal power ex pert, a physicist, an editor, a re tired rear admiral and an in vestment banker thus shoul dered "responsibilities as great as any men have ever assumed in peacetime." Lilienthal Chairman Those were the words Presi dent Truman used in announc ing the make up of the all-pow erful new atomic emergency commission, headed by David E. Lilienthal as chairman. "The consequences of our work, for good or evil, are awe some," Lilienthal said, yielding up his chairmanship of the Ten nessee Valley Authority to ac cept the assignment. With Lilienthal, Mr. Truman selected for the commission set up three months ago by con gress: Dr. Robert F. Bacher, 41-year-old Cornell university physicist who helped develop the atomic bomb. He is scientific consul tant to Bernard M. Baruch, American representative to the United Nations Atomic Energy commission. Editor on Board William W. Waymack, 58, edi tor of the Des Moines Register and winner of the Pulitzer award in 1937 for distinguished editorial writing. Rear Adm. Lewis L. Strauss, retired, 50, former member of the army-navy munitions board, one-time secretary to Herbert Hoover and now a partner in the New York banking firm of Kuhn, Locb & Co. (Concluded on Pane 9, Column 8) Chester Nichols, Student Pilot Killed in Plane Collision Collision of two training planes about 200 feet above the runway at the Salem airport Monday afternoon at 5:25 o'clock resulted in the death of the pilot of one of the planes, Chester Nichols, 4i, oi two tast .Nob Hill.5- Nichols, a veteran of World War II and associated with the Day Heating company at the time of his death, came in to land and was taking off again, when a Taylorcraft with David McRae, 26. of 694 North Com mercial street, at the controls, came in just behind the Piper Cub. piloted by Nichols. McRae realized that his plane was too close to that of Nichols and had started to take off again when the crash occurred as the two, both flying students under the GI training program, maneuv ered in an attempt to miss one another. Nichols' plane had one wing crippled from the collision and crashed with its pilot in the cockpit. An ambulance rushed him to the hospital but he died about an hour and a half later. The plane piloted by McRae was only slightly damaged in the accident and McRae only bruised. The student fliers, both of whom were in planes owned by the Salem Air Service, have been flying for about three months and had had consider able experience in the air. An Chiang's Dairen Drive Aimed to Oust Russians Shanghai, Oct. 29 (IP) For eign observers speculated today that Chiang Kai-Shek's drive to ward Dairen was his indirect way of serving notice to the United Nations of the continued, illegal presence of Soviet troops in that important port city. They theorized that Chiang has no intention of trying to eject the Russians by force, but said it appeared he intended to force the issue of Soviet control. The 14-month-old Sino-Soviet treaty provided that Dairen should be a free port. Agreement Rumored (From Peiping, Associated Press Correspondent Tom Mas tcrson radioed that the city was filled with persistent reports that China and Russia have made or are making an agree ment concerning the Liaotung peninsula, on the tip of which Dairen is situated.) The drive might have the ef fect of inspiring peaceful with drawal of Soviet troops to near by Port Arthur, where the Rus sians are permitted to station armed forces under the treaty. Dairen is administered by a Soviet sponsored puppet Chi nese city council. Efforts of China's national government to recover sovereignty of the port have been blocked. After V-J day, the Soviets refused to allow Chiang's troops to land at Dair en. Later, they permitted Chi nese communists to enter. Bottles Up Reds The presence of Russian troops there has been confirmed frequently most recently by officials who demanded anony mity because they had relatives in Dairen. If the Soviet troops do not withdraw, observers see the probability that Chiang's forces will halt outside the Soviet per imeter. That would serve the government's purpose well. The Chinese communists in Dairen would be bottled up in the city and their important pipeline be tween Dairen and the Shantung peninsula would be made use less. Protest Note Sent Romania Washington, Oct. 29 (IP) In a strongly worded note, the United States has accused the Romanian government of intimidating and discriminating against opposi tion political parties in planning for an election Nov. 19. The text of the note was made public by the state department today after it was handed Ro manian Foreign Minister George Tatarescu by Burton Y. Berry, American political representa tive in Bucharest. The note reminded Romania of the Big Power declarations at Yalta, Potsdam, and Moscow to proviae for free and untram meled elections in the liberated lands, and formally expressed "concern" that the Romanian government was not making provision for that type of elec tion.' A similar note from Britain was handed the Romanian for eign ministery at the same time. official investigation of the ac cident will probably be made this week by airport and city officials. Monday's collision was the first serious accident at the lo cal airport during its 17 years of existence. In the past few years, however, four pilots from the local port have had acci dents that resulted in their deaths. Webb Ramage was killed before the war in an acci dent near Silverton. Another fli er spun -in just north of the air port and two army pilots met their deaths while based here with the 356th fighter squadron one going into the ocean, while flying patrol and the other spin- mng-in near Lebanon. Surviving Nichols, who was a clerk at the local post office before reporting for duty with the armed forces, are his wife, Maxine, of Salem; two children, Linda Diane and Thomas Ar thur, both of Salem; a sister. Mrs. Ethel Otjen of Salem; a brother. Ray Nichols of Santa Monica, Calif., and his mother, Mrs. Pearl Nichols, of Salem. Announcement of funeral services later by the Howell- Edwards chapel. Oregon, Tuesday, October i1 vV-i rfi.- i .Wi ' Tf Save Million Dollar Cargo UP) Carrying cargo valued at more than $1,000,000, the stern half of the American ship, "Helena Modjeska," is guided to port after being freed from Goodwin Sands off the coast of England in an unusual salvage operation. Busy Night for Burglar But Little Loot Received A burglar, evidently a lone wolf, who used a pitchfork and other convenient articles to snatch purses through bedroom win dows or from shelves, entered four Salem homes Monday night. His night's work availed him little in the money he apparently was seeking, and most of the purses and contents were found Tuesday morning in backyards. At the F. O. Repine home, 1495 North 16th, the thief raised a bedroom window. A woman's purse lay on the bed. He reached in and snaffled the purse by dragging the quilt off the bed. The theft was early in the night. Mrs. Repine heard a noise and entered the bed room in time to see a man's arm being withdrawn from the wind, dow Something over $5, a bank book and an Identification card were in the purse. The same method of entry was used at the A. F. Williams home, 2090 North 17th, where a woman's purse belonging to Corrine Moberg, 1445 Nebraska, and a garment were on the bed. The thief was able to rcacn them from the window. In the purse was a billfold and a small amount of money, a pair of glasses, a fountain pen, gloves, two sets of car keys and a gasoline credit card. The purse and contents were later found in the rear yard, and the gar ment with pockets turned inside out was on the ground under the window. (Concluded on Pace 9, Column 5) World Food Board Doomed Washington, Oct. 29 (IP) Chances appeared slim today for international agreement on a world food board with power to operate in "ever-normal gran ary." ' The United Slates virtually put itself on record as oppos ing the project at the opening session yesterday for a 17-na-lion preparatory commission seeking to draft plans for com batting future agricultural sur pluses, fluctuations in prices and hunger in low-income countries. This country's coolness, cou pled with the fact that neither Russia nor Argentina accepted invitations to participate in the conference, appeared to give a dark outlook to the idea of such a board. MYC may depend, however, on the stand taken by the Unit ed Kingdom, which was sched uled to rtate its position at to day's meeting. The world food board plan is being sponsored by Sir John Boyd Orr, director-general of the United Nations food and ag riculture organization. The American position was stated by Undersecretary of Ag riculture N E. Dodd. He sug gested that a system of inter national commodity agreements, involving importing as well as exporting nations, would offer a better method of achieving the goals Sii John set for the pro posed board. Boy Drowns in Plane Vancouver, Wash., Oct. 29 (UP.) Two small boys climbed into a hydroplane parked in the Co lumbia river here today, start ed the motor and turned the plane over, drowning one of them. 29, 1946 k iSf 1ft- East and Gulf Ship Strike Over (Bt the Associated Press) Long idle ships in east and gulf coast ports were readied for deep water today (Tuesday) as engineers and deck officers resumed their duties, but on the west coast the strike still held vessels at anchor. The New York waterfront, where 400 ships were strike bound for 28 days, hummed with activity today as everyone from stevedores to skippers rushed to move goods from bulging docks and warehouses into ship holds. While New York's humming activity was typical of most cast and gulf coast ports, some vessels still were idle. In New Orleans two score ships waited for docking space while 14 oth ers lay dead in the water, pick eted by members of die CIO Marine Engineers Beneficial as sociation because their owners had failed to join in the general agreement reached with engin eers in the east last week. The engineers and deck offi cers both won 15 percent wage increases in the cast and gulf coast settlements. They had demanded 35 and 30 percent respectively. In a compromise on the issue of preferential hiring of mas ters which prolonged the AFL Masters, Mates and Pilots ne gotiations before agreement was reached last Saturday, the oper ators granted preference to union skippers but won a stip ulation that masters did not have to be union members. British Government To War on Press London, Oct. 29 VP) Britain's labor government, increasingly resentful of criticism of its do mestic policies in many British newspapers, dumped into the lap of the house of commons today a proposal that the press should be investigated. Parliamentary observers pre dicted the inquiry would be approved, thus increasing the fury of one of the hardest fights between press and government in British history. The Daily Express, one of the hardest-hitting hecklers of the labor government on homcfront matters, charged the inquiry would constitute the "first step" toward government con trol of the press, but welcomed it, nevertheless, as an opportu nity to refute "poisonous insin uations." Entire Waterfront Picketed Portland, Oct. 29 (IP) CIO pickets paced in front of Water front Employers' association of fices here today and longshore men's President Ernest Baker said they would stay until end of the strike. Previously, the CIO maritime unions had pick eted only the docksidc facilities of the operators here. ir Price Five Cents mi udds Over Coal Conference .It Washington, Oct. 29 IIP' The government and John L. Lewis appeared split today over terms of a soft coal conference starting Friday, even though President Truman has given public assur ance there will be no coal strike. In the aftermath of Mr. Tru man s news conference state ment, the question of just what Friday's meeting will discuss sizes up this way; 1. Secretary of Interior J. A. Krug takes the position that Fri day's conference is "a compli ance only with Mr. Lewis' re quest for a meeting," and noth ing more. 2. Lewis regards the govern ment's offer to meet with him as compliance with his demand for a reopening of the Krug-Lewis wage-hour contract. He fore sees a "period of negotiations, apparently on a new contract with Uncle Sam. May Be Deadlock 3. The government position has been that its contract with the United Mine Workers is for the duration of government op eration. Lewis contends it may be reopened. The possibility thus arose that if Lewis' meeting with Coal Mines Administrator N. H. Col lisson here Friday produces no reconsideration of wages and hours, the mine leader may re vert to his position that the present contract is "void." The UMW traditionally does not work without a contract. Hours after Mr. Truman sig nalled that the strike threat was banished, a spokesman for Krug told a reporter late last night at Tahoe City, Calif., that Krug's action in arranging a conference between Lewis and Coal Mines Administrator N. H. Collisson was "a compliance only with Mr. Lewis' request for a meet ing." Krug, who Is on a western in spection tour, had telegraphed Lewis on Sunday arranging the meeting for Friday. "Does that telegram mean the government will reopen the coal contract?" a reporter asked. "It docs not say that," the spokesman replied. Control Lifted On Ice Prices Washington, Oct. 29 (IP' OPA skidded ice out from under price control today. Declaring that the supply is ample to meet all demands, the agency said its action would ap ply to both natural and manu factured ice, as well as icing services. Meanwhile, OPA issued a 127 page directory listing 3500 com modity groups decontrolled up to October 15. The price of the directory for anyone interested was put at $3 a copy by the gov ernment printing office, with a promise that supplements would be issued to keep up with the ac celerated decontrol program or dered by President Truman. Even with meat and most oth er foods and beverages taken out from under ceilings in the last few weeks, Meyer Sherman, OPA economist, reported today that 44 cents of the average family's cost of living dollar still is under price control. He said this compares with a peak of about 80 cents of the COL dol lar on June 30, 1945. Sherman listed these items still under ceilings with his esti mate as to their percentage of the cost of living: food (sugar, syrup and rice), about one per cent; rents, 16; fuel (chiefly coal), 3; clothing, including shoes, 13; house furnishings, 3; and miscellaneous 8. Freed After Confessing to Burglary Others Committed Unable to explain satisfactorily why he confessed a burglary with which he had nothing whatever to do. and which was prob ably committed while he was home in bed, Roy Kimball, 19, of 160 Union street, was free to - day after having been jailed. and after he had pleaded guilty in justice court and held lo the grand jury. He was freed after police IibcI definitely fixed the burglary of Barb's sporting goods store, 290 North Front on two 12-ycar-old Indian boys from Chemawa school. "I just thought I might have done it. I had been down around there. . . . It's sure good lo bo free," was all Kimball could say about it Tuesday. The clue that caused the ar rest of Kimball was furnished by his motor-bicycle which po lice found in front of the Barb store Sunday night. It develop ed that the Indian boys had Molotov Scheduled to Make Major Russian Policy Address To UN Assembly Late Today Clarification of Stalin's Looked for White Russians Blast Presence of U. S. Troops in China and British in Greece New York, Oct. 29 t!P Delegates to the United Nations assem bly looked to a speech scheduled for 4 p.m. (F.ST) today by Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov for a further definition of the policies stated last night from Moscow by Generalissimo Stalin. As the general debate was resumed in the assembly this morn ing, delegates took a wait-and-see attitude on the replies Stalin made to 31 questions put to him by Hugh Baillie, president of the United Press Associations, hut expressed the conviction that Molo tov would expand on questions raised by those answers. "We will just wait and sec how Molotov puts it," one big power delegation chief said. He commented on the "timing" of Stalin's replies which were released on the eve of Molotov's major policy address in the assembly. Special significance was read into Stalin's statement on Russian armed forces in the light of a White Russian blast last night at the presence of United f States troops in China and Brit ish forces in Greece, the Middle East and Indonesia. Some delegates said this would bear on the discussions of Russia's demand in the as sembly for an accounting of al lied troops dispositions and air and naval bases in foreign non enemy countries. Veto Power Defended Stalin's defense of the veto power and its use in the secur ity council by the Russian del egation hits squarely against a sharp attack by smaller nations aimed at limiting the knockout voting power of the five major powers. Diplomatic authorities spec ulated that Molotov, speaking for the first time in the assem bly's general debate, now draw ing to a climax, probably would hammer on many, if not all, of the main points of Soviet criti cism of the western powers ini tially set forth in a session last night by Kuzma Kiselev, foreign minister of White Russia, one of the constituent republics of the USSR. There was some behind the scenes activity on selection of three nations to replace the Netherlands, Mexico and Egypt on the security council at the end of this year. Britain and the United States were report ed to favor Belgium, Syria and Colombia, but the British were giving some consideration to In dia instead of Syria and no final decision had been reach ed. White Russian Charges With Molotov and other ranking members of the Soviet delegation in the assembly au ditorium at Flushing last night, Kiselev made these charges aeainst the United States and Britain: 1. By maintaining troops in China, and in Greece, the Mid dle East and Indonesia they arc breaking the United Nations charter. 2. In China the United States is not following a policy calcu lated to maintain the peace of the Far East. 3. Britain is doing everything possible to maintain troops in the Middle East. 4. The presence of such troops in various non-enemy countries will only lead to unrest among the peoples. 3 States Vole On Closed Shop Washington, Oct. 29 (IPi One of the most controversial of all proposals affecting organized labor the anti-closed shop amendment will be put to the voters of three states in next Tuesday's elections. They arc Nebraska, South Da kota and Arizona. Thus far, only Florida and Arkansas have adopted anti closed shop amendments to their constitutions. Also on November 5, citizens of Massachusetts will decide whether to require labor unions to ipsue public financial reports And California voters will decide whether to establish a fair employment practices act making it unlawful for any employer lo discriminate against any person because of race, religion, color, national origin or ancestry. ' pushed it there from Kimball's own front yard. Arrest of the two Indian juve nilcs revealed that they had run away from school, and re verted to the savage by setting up two camping spots and equip ping themselves with firearms, taken from the slorc, but also a tobacco pipe which they may have intended lo use as a peace pipe. They were arrested at 2 a.m. Tuesday by Chief Wil liam Potter of West Salem in front of the West Salem police station. The boys related that they had loitered Sunday night in the vicinity of Union street and (Concluded on Page 9, Column 6) Replies to Baillie Says Stalin Echoes Byrnes Washington, Oct. 29 (IP) -Lin coln White, state department press officer, today expressed the view that Premier Stalin's latest pronouncements on inter national affairs "echoed" state ments made previously by Sec retary of Slate Byrnes. Asked at a news conference for comment on the Stalin state ments. White asserted: "I think you will find that Mr. Stalin was echoing Mr. Byrnes all the way through." White said Byrnes had told him he had no comment to make on the subject except to point out what he, Byrnes, had said on the same topics covered by Stalin in two recent speeches. One of these was the radio re port which the secretary of state made to the nation July 15 on his return from the Paris con ference of Big Four foreign min isters. The other was the foreign pol icy speech Byrnes delivered September 6 in Stuttgart, Ger many. British Reaction To Stalin Replies London, Oct. 29 (U.PJPre micr Stalin's statement to Hugh Baillie, president of the United Press, was regarded here today as the death sentence for Brit ain's effort to secure restraint of Russian use of the veto in the United Nations security council and foreign ministers council. A foreign office spokesman conceded that the British hope of success in the veto move was based entirely upon Russia's vol untary cooperation. Asked if he though the veto had been used to excess, Stalin replied bluntly, "No, I do not." The Stalin-Baillic cabled in terview was the subject of in tensive study at the foreign of fice throughout the day, but following lengthy inler-depart-mcntal consultations it was de cided In issue no official com ment. By inference a spokesman did, however, give a hint that Britain views with a measure of suspicion Stalin's seemingly frank revelation that Russian strength in eastern Europe is down to 60 divisions. "A division can be anything from 5000 to 35,000 men," the spokesman said. "Hence when someone says 60 divisions I have no idea how many men arc in volved." $70 Million for Veteran Classrooms Washington, Oct. 29 (IP)- Blanket approval for use of $70,000. 000 in constructing col lege classrooms, laboratories and other educational buildings for veterans was announced to day by the civilian production administration. It said that the federal works agency will spend the money to tear down and move surplus federal buildings for use at schools and colleges crowded with veteran students. The agency said it has au thorized such construction work at a rate of $5,000.1)00 a week for the next 14 weeks. At the same time it listed 38 projects at 35 public and private schools which will cost $3,490. 575. The federal government pays all the costs on the tcm- porary buildings. The Weather c Rclca.-irtl by the United States Weather Bureau) Forecast for Salem and vicin ity: Mostly cloudy this evening and Wednesday with light rain showers this evenlnR and becom ing llRht to Intermittent rain Wednesday. Lowest tempera ture tonight 40. Light rain will hinder most farm work but will greatly be too light to stop work completely. Max. yesterday 41. Mln. toclav 39. Mean tempera ture yesteidav 36. which was 14 below normal. Total 24-hour precipitation to 11:30 a.m. today .03. Total precipitation for the month 3 68. which is .99 Inch aoovc normal. Willamette river height .3 ft.
