4 Capital Journal, Salem, Ore., Wednesday, Nov. 21, 1945
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The First Thanksgiving Day
In his recently published book, "Saints and Sinners" (Reg-
nal & Hitchcock), George F. Willison has produced the best
and most authentic and scholarly history of the Pilgrim
; Fathers and Plymouth Colony yet written and effectually
: disposed of romantic myths that have gained universal
' currency. The Pilgrims are not to be confused with the
i fanatical Puritans who settled farther north around Boston
!.bay. They were an adventurous hearty, joy-loving people
i who came in search ot lame and tortune.
', The Pilgrims were accompanied by the "Strangers" who
were not especially religious and actuated by the same
! motives, and during most of the colony's history, outnum-
' bered the Saints. On the Mayflower there were, men, women
i and children, 41 Saints, 40 Strangers, 6 hired hands and 18
J bond servants: a total of 104. Those brought by subsequent
; vessels had more arrangers than saints and dominated the
colony.
; Mr. Willison has allowed the Pilgrims to tell their own
! story and quotes freely from their letters and writings. The
following account of the first Thanksgiving observance is
based on Governor Bradford's long lost diary.
I
! "Indian summer soon came In a blaze of glory, and It was time
to bring In the crops. All in all, their first harvest was a
' disappointment. Their twenty acres of corn, thanks to Squanto,
; had done .well enough. But the Pilgrims failed miserably with
i more familiar crops. Their six or seven acres of English wheat,
1 barley, and peas came to nothing, and Bradford was certainly on
i afe ground in attributing this either to 'ye badnes of ye seed, or
i latenes of ye season, or both, or some other defecte.' Still, it was
possible to make a substantial increase in the individual weekly
J food ration which for months had consisted merely of a peck of
, meal from the stores brought on the Mayflower. This was now
i doubled by adding a peck of maize a week, and the company
decreed a holiday so that all n:lght, 'after a more special manner,
, rejoyce together.'
"The Pilgrims had other thing- to be thankful for. They had
1 made peace with the Indians and walked 'as peaceably and safely
in the woods as in the highways in England.' A start had been
. made in the beaver trade. There had been no sickness for months.
F Eleven houses now lined the street seven private dwellings and
four buildings for common use. There had been no recurrence of
i mutiny and disschsion. Faced with common danger, Saints and
Strangers had drawn closer together, sinking doctrinal differences
j for a time. Nothing had disturbed the peace but a duel, the first
, and last fought in the colony, with Stephen Hopkins' spirited
young servants, Edward Dotey and Edward Leister, as principals.
i "As the day of the harvest festival approached, four men were
! sent out to shoot waterfowl, returning with enough to supply
' the company for a week. Massasolt was invited to attend and
; shortly arrived with ninety ravenous braves! The strain on the
: larder was somewhat eased when some of these went out and
bagged five deer. Captain Standlsh staged a military review,
there were games of skill and chance, and for three days the
i Pilgrims and their guests gorged themselves on venison, roast
goose, clams and other shellfish, succulent eels, white bread, corn
: bread, leeks and watercress and other 'sallet herbes,' with wild
plums and dried berries as dessert all washed down with wine,
made of the wild grape, both white and red, which the Pilgrims
praised as 'very sweete & strong." At this first Thanksgiving feast
in New England the company may have enjoyed, though there is
' no mention of it in the record, some of the long-legged Turkies'
k whose speed of foot in the woods constantly amazed the Pilgrims.
, And there were cranberries by the bushel in neighboring bogs.
" It Is very doubtful, however, If the Pilgrims had yet contrived a
use for them. Nor was the table graced with a later and even
. more felicitous invention pumpkin pie.
i
"The celebration was a great success, warmly satisfying to body
and soul alike, and the Pilgrims held another the next year, re
peating it more or less regularly for generations. In time it be
" came traditional throughout New England to enjoy the harvest
J feast with Pilgrim trimmings, a tradition carried to other parts
of the country as restless Yankees moved westward. But it
' remained a regional or local holiday until 1863 when President
t Lincoln, In the midst of the Civil War, proclaimed the first
national Thanksgiving, setting aside the last Thursday in Novem
' ber for the purpose, disregarding the centuries-old Pilgrim cus-
torn of holding it somewhat earlier, usually in October as on this
first occasion."
! Hirohito's Stock Booms
Inconceivable as it may seem, the prestige of the Japanese
emperor and the imperial institution have been strengthened
! by the defeat of Japan and the return of peace, in the opinion
! of American correspondents and other observers in the
' land of the Rising Sun. In the eyes of the rank and file
I of the Japs, Hirohito is somewhat of a hero. Whatever else
he may have dona before or during the war, he is now the
man who finally brought peace to the islands,
i What peace means to the Japs cannot be realized by those who
i have not lived in the vanquished nation. Bled of its manpower,
1 stripped of every vital material and starved for years and then
subjected to the most intense bombing any nation has ever
i undergone, the Japanese were praying for peace. For years their
i morale was sustained by appeals to their patriotism and by pleas
of wartime necessities. They were repressed and regimented by
, men in uniform, by the army, navy and the secret police.
Even now life for the average Japanese is far from rosy. But
' conditions are better than they were prior to the surrender. The
i young men arc no longer being herded into uniform and sent
i abroad to foreign battle fields. The hated classes, militarists and
1 bureaucrats, who formerly dominated the lives of the people are
. now nuntea fugitives.
; Peace has given to the ordinary Japanese a sense of free-
i dom and individual security that he never possessed before.
He looks into the future with hope, and for that hope he
1 thanks the emperor. Were a plebiscite on the form of gov
i ernment preferred by the average Jap to be hold now the
result would be overwhelmingly m favor of continuing Hiro
i hito in power, the observers say.
i Humorist and Actor
I Dies in New York
! New York, Nov. 21 (IP) Rob-
ert C. Benchley, 56, author, ed-
Itor, actor and humorist, died
' early today of a cerebral hem
, orrhage at the Harkness Pavil
j ion of the Columbia Presbytor
! ian medical center,
i Recently he had spent much
of his time in Hollywood and re-
turned only a month ago from
j the coast where he made a num
i ber of motion pictures. He had
! been doing radio shows while
here and was taken ill at his
Scarsdale, N.Y., home a little
more than a week ago and went
to the hospital.
Tacoma Aluminum
Plant Will Close
1 East Alton, 111., Nov. 21 (IP)
President John M. Olin of
Olin Industries, Inc., announced
the Olin aluminum plant at Ta
coma, Wash., will be closed
down Immediately,
He explained that his com'
pany which had operated the
plant for the government since
September, 1942, could not ac
cept an offer to purchase or
lease It because "the future of
the commercial aluminum In
dustry is too uncertain at this
time to justify us to assume the
enormous risks Involved."
Hotel Men Must
Expect Congestion
Portland, Nov. 21 (IP) The
president of the Hoiel Greeters
of America Ambassador extra
ordinary of cheer and hospital
ity was gloomy today.
Here on a national lour of ho
tels, Arthur F. Landstrect, Mem
phis, Tenn., said war-time travel
would be exceeded by peace-
lime travelers already "going
for a change of scenery."
That would be fine for hotel
men except conditions will not
allow hotel expansion for sev
eral years, he reported.
Censored
Sips for Supper
By Don Upjohn
There's supposed to be enough
turkey In the country, accord
ing to the statisticians of the
agriculture department, to fur
nish every man, woman and
child In the country with five
pounds apiece. But we'd like
to have 'em show us a neck just
once that weighs five pounds
anyway, dressed.
We haven't heard of many
new automobiles being bought
as yet at the new OPA prices
but we ve seen a lot of folks
who'd like to buy automobiles
at any kind of prices.
There have been a lot of
changes among the generals,
what with General Eisenhower
becoming chief of staff, General
McNarny succeeding him in Eu
rope, et cetera. And then there's
the latest developments in re
good old General Motors the
last named General seeming to
be on a tough spot. Apparently
General Motors should resign
in favor of General Patton and
get some cars made.
Looks like Bill Klepper, who
dictates the destinies of the Sa
lem Senators, pulled a fast one
when he named a comparatively
unknown semi-pro ball player
to be manager of said Senators
the coming summer. By this
adroit move in naming some
body who nobody knows any-
Novelties
In the News
tBy tha AsiocUted Preti)
Army Pays Him More
Norfolk, Va. Theodore R.
Lineback quit his $45-a-week
mechanic's job and enlisted as
a private in the army because
he needed more money.
His army base pay will be
$50 per month. But don't forget
those allowances for depen
dants. Because that's where 44-year-old
Pvt. Lineback hits the
jackpot he has ten of them.
There's wife Edith and four
sons and five daughters, rang
ing from 19-months-old Ralph
to 15-year-old William. Add
family allowances to base- pay,
plus $10 per month due Line
back in longevity pay for 12
years' army service after World
war I, and it totals $278 per
month.
Hometown Boy
Buffalo, N. Y John A. Bar
ker, 70, New York Central
engineer who will retire Dec.
1 after 56 years of railroading,
estimated he has traveled more
than 1,000,000 miles without
getting out of the city.
"From '95 to '97 and again
in 1901 I went firing fired 'em
all between here and Syracuse,"
Barker recalls. "In 1902 I be
came an engineer and I've been
at It ever since right here in
Buffalo on a yard puller. Never
cared to get out on the main
line."
LONGING FOR
NYLONS?
Il takes fats to make nylons,
girdles, electric irons and
many other things you're
waiting for . . . as well as
oqpj.Usedfatjare neededl
TURN IN YOU VitD MTSI
thing about he has started all
the boys talking and this prob
ably will keep up until spring
starts the grass growing at
Waters park. Had he named
somebody like Babe Ruth or
Ty Cobb, who everybody knows
everything about there'd be
nothing to wrangle, over. So
maybe the lad Tony Patch is
just the one to get the needed
publicity ahead of the gun and
give a real build up to the local
situation. But, at that, he'd
better be good when the time
comes.
A man who experts in vol
canoes comes out with the sooth
ing assurances that there's noth
ing to worry about because
smoke rings have been seen to
ascend from Crater Lake. Now
it's Hedda Swart's turn to come
out with some similar' satisfy
ing assurances about Table
Rock, what with things looking
mighty cold-like for over
Thanksgiving.
The crowd around the local
liquor store at times Is only ex
ceeded by the ones which con
gregate around the local candy
store at its periodic openings.
However, there are not many of
the same gang that patronize
the two places so they don't
get crossed up on their dates
very much.
A lot of folk seem to be get
ting fed up on examples of the
law's delays as practiced in the
war criminal trials in Germany
and the Far East. There's no
good reason why any of those
birds should enjoy another
Christmas.
Seismograph Can't
Be Used at Crater
Mcdford, Ore., Nov. 21 U.R
E. P. Leavitt, superintendent of
Crater Lake National park, said
today it would be Impossible to
set up a seismograph at the park
riin to measure possible volcanic
action.
Installation of a seismograph
was suggested by the national
park director after steam or gas
was reported escaping from the
interior of Crater Lake during
the past weeks.
".More PUD Petitions
Petitions for creation of peo
ple's utility districts are being
circulated in Marion, Harney,
Klamath and Lincoln counties,
Charles E. Strlcklin, state en
gineer, said today.
Mohammedans call their faith
"Islam" which means obedience
to the will of Allah (God).
Award Presented
By Adair Officers
Camp Adair, Ore., Nov. 21 (U.PJ
Camp Adair officers Tuesday
announced that Chris D. De
laney, Bend, Ore., had been pre
sented the Silver Star decora
tion which was awarded post
humously to his son, Tech. Sgt.
Emmett C, Delaney.
The presentation was Sunday,
with only relatives and friends
of the family attending the pri
vate ceremony at Camp Adair,.
First Lt. Joseph J. Kingsbury,
an officer on the staff of Col.
Lewis S. Norman, commanding
officer, presided.
The father previously receiv
ed the Bronze Star decoration
awarded his son.
Frank Banks Named
Engineer for Basin
Washington, Nov. 21 (IP)
Frank A. Banks, a veteran in the
development of western water
resources, today was named su
pervising engineer of the million-acre
Columbia basin irri
gation project.
Interior Secretary Ickes also
announced appointment of Rob
ert J. Newell as regional direc
tor for the reclamation bureau
in the Pacific northwest, with
headquarters at Boise, Idaho.
Newell, who has served as as
sistant and associate director
since the region was established
in 1943, succeeds Banks as re
gional director.
Banks was supervising engin
eer for construction of Grand
Coulee dam.
MacKenzie's
Column
By DeWitt Mackenzie
The other day there died in
Tennessee a man named Luke
Lea. One of the high points of
his very active life (he was sol
dier, publisher, senator) was an
attempt to kidnap the kaiser.
Colonel Lea and a handful of
picked followers essayed the
capture of the German emperor
in Holland shortly after the end
of World War one because all
the allied bluster about trying
war criminals, and the shouts of
hang the kaiser," proved to
have been the thumping of an
empty tub. Lee and his col
leagues decided to take the mat
ter into their own hands.
The colonel was living ahead
of his time. Today a generation
later the Nuernberg trials are
under way, and a score of nazi
leaders are facing judgment for
the part they played in Hitler's
assault on humanity. The other
day, Josef Kramer, the "beast of
Belsen," and 29 others were con
victed by the British at Nuern-
burg for the horrors of the Bel-
sen and Oswiecim concentration
camps. And Japan's war lords
are being brought to book.
Trials Considered Right
These trials, as I see it, mark
a world movement in the right
direction. It's difficult for you
and me, as we think of loved
ones lost in this cruel war, to
see good coming out of such a
conflict. But it is indeed a hope
ful' sign that the world should
rise up and declare itself against
the crime of war.
Justice Robert H. Jackson,
chief prosecutor for the United
States at Nuernburg, declared
in his opening address before the
tribunal: "The real complaining
party at your bar is civilization."
Justice will be served. The
American prosecutor stated that
he would try to convict the nazis
with the written records which
they have kept rather than by
testimony of their foes.
"There is no count of the in
dictment that cannot be proved
by books and records," he said.
American Leaguers
Stay With Trains
Chicago, Nov. 21 (U.R) Amer
ican league baseball clubs will
not join the sporting world's
general movement toward air
plane transportation next sea
son, but instead will stick to
railroad travel, President Will
Harridge announced today.
Denying reports that a major
ity of big league baseball teams
would travel by air in 1946,
Harridge said, "Clubs in our
league have assured me they
will continue to use the railroads
for transportation of their ball
clubs."
State Takes Jurisdiction
Over Nearly 2,000,000 Acres
The state now has complete jurisdiction over fire prevention
and fighting activity in an area including nearly 2,000,000 acres
of timbered, cutover and burned-over land as a result of fire
control jurisdiction in 281,000
acres of Polk and Benton coun
ty forest land taken over by
the state forestry department
from the Polk county fire patrol
association, effective December
1, according to legal papers
signed in Portland Tuesday by
Nels S. Rogers, state forester,
and fire control officers.
The state will take over all
duties, assets and liabilities of
the association, including $50,
000 in claims which it found it
self unable to pay after the
Black Rock fire last summer.
Debt Assumed
In taking over the two dis
tricts the state must assume a
total debt of nearly $250,000,
Rogers states. Both private
agencies spent large sums com
bating fires during the 1945
summer and found themselves
financially unable to continue
May Open Tourney
To Foreign Clubs
New York, Nov. 21 (U.R) A
Denver be thrown open to for
proposal that the National A. A.
U. basketball tournament at
eign teams will be among the
21 amendments that delegates to
the annual AAU convention will
consider at Richmond, Va., De
cember 7, 8 and 9, it was an
nounced today.
Present rules bar foreign
quintets from participating in
the title tourney.
Ruling on Lawyers
Out-of-state lawyers can be
admitted to the Oregon bar only
if they have practiced law dur
ing three of the five years pro
ceeding the application for ad
mittance, the state supreme
court said today.
icht Coughs
due to colds . . . eased
without "dosing".
Rub
N
on
VfCK
VAPOR
s
O B
9
am
Then you'll know
why Dr. Lyon'S
outsells all other
tooth powders
Falls Citv Mr onrl lVTi-c T.
M. Henthorne went to Portland
Saturday afternoon to meet their
son, Henry, who has just" re
turned from overseas duty.
White Sox Start
Building Program
Chicago, Nov. 21 (IP) Chi
cago's White Sox, who last sea
son started out in front of the
American league and wound up
in sixth place, apparently are
starting a rebuilding program.
The Sox already have sent
two of their 1945 players back
to the minors outfielder John
ny Dickshot and infielder Bill
Nagel.
Now Vice President Harry
Grabiner hints they are dicker
ing for Cleveland's Jeff Heath,
a holdout in the early months
of the past season because of
admitted dissatisfaction as an
Indian player. He wanted to
be traded last year and prob
ably the White Sox will get him
during the minor league meet
ing at Columbus, O., Dec. 5, 6
and 7.
Dickshot, who was sent to
Hollywood batted .303 in 1945.
Nagel, used sparingly at first
base, went sent back to Mil
waukee, where he played third
base in 1944.
to carry the responsibility of
forest protection. The liability
assumed by the state will be re
turned to it through forest pro
tection assessments on the for
est land involved. Costs to the
two associations in fighting the
Black Rock fire and the 1945
Tillamook burn were approxi
mately $350,000. Part of this
cost beyond the resources of the
two associations is covered by
claims on a $230,000 emergency
pool to which 10 Independent
fire protection associations, as
well as the state forestry board,
contributed.
Directors to Advise
Directors of the Folk county
association will continue In an
advisory capacity as have the
Northwest Oregon directors, and
will continue to collect fees
from Its members which will
be turned over to the forestry
board.
Rogers said the end of actual
fire fighting activity on the part
of the two associations will not
necessarily have any effect on
the remaining private agencies
which still retain first Jurisdic
tion over fire-fighting in Mar
ion, Linn, Coos, Curry, Douglas,
Lane, Lincoln and Clackamas
counties. Most of the remaining
districts, he said, are strong
enough to raise sufficient funds
to meet emergencies.
Chilean Defeats
John Haynes
Los Angeles, Nov. 21 (IP)
Arturo Godoy, Chilean heavy
weight, had a couple of rough
rounds and suffered a bruised
eye but managed to win a 10
round decision last night in a
fast-moving fight with Johnny
Haynes, Los Angeles.
For most of the way the South
American's experience stood
him in good stead. Haynes
threatened a knockout in the
ninth when he crowned Godoy
on the ropes and slugged strenu
ously. But Arturo recovered,
turned the tables, and finished
the round slugging Haynes on
the ropes while the Los Angeles
fighter made little effort to de
fend himself.
There were no knockdowns.
Godoy weighed 200, Haynes 208.
fstevens
3 h; .
Gifts of Jewelry
to Match Your Dreams
An unexcelled selection
of Costume Jewelry from
which to choose.
Convenient Layaway
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339 Court St,
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Thanksgiving Day
Programs
Thursday, November 22
6:00 a.m. Morning News
6:05 Musical Timekeeper
6:30 Farm News
6:45 Dr. Semler News
7:00 World-wide News
7:15 Smile Time
7:30 News with Woodie Slater
8:00 Haven of Rest
8:30 Sing Away Your Troubles
9:00 News with William Lang
9 :15 Songs by Morton Downey
9 :30 Pastor's Call
9:55 Dick & Jeannie
12:00 noon Mid-Day Hymns
10:15 Luncheon with Lopez
10:30 Paula Stone & Phil Brito
10:45 Bing Sings
11:00 Cedric Foster
11:15 Wiles Organalities
11:30 Queen for a Dav
12:00 noon Mid-Day News
12:05 p.m. Top Trades
12:15 Keith Brown News
12:30 Harry Scott Serenade
12:35 Remember
12:45 This Is Music
1:00 News on the Tour
1:15 Lum 'n Abner
1 :30: Kiwanis Queen Program
2:00 News on the Hour
2:15 January's Calendar of
Tomorrow
2:30 You're Worth Your Weight
3:00 News on the Hour
3:30 Dr. Semler News
3 :45 Elsa Maxwell Party Line
vourteay awwa Musazlne
4 :00 Fulton Lewis, Jr.
4:15 Rex Miller
4:30 Erskine Johnson
5:00 World-wide News
5:15 Superman
5:30 Captain Midnight
5:45 Adventures of Tom Mix
6:00 Gabriel Heatter
6:30 Treasure Hour of Song
7:00 Bishop's News Commentary
7 :05 Stevens' Victory Loan Diary
7:15 News with Wes McWain
7:30 Calling Silverton
8:00 Bulldog Drummond
8:30 Rogue's Gallery
9:00 Alka Seltzer News
9:15 James Crowlev
9:30 Inside of Sports
9:45 Capital Journal News
10:00 Fulton Lewis. Jr.
10:25 General Petroleum
Sportcast
10:30 Dr. Semler News
11:00 Qpen House
11:30 Bobby Ramos' Orchestra
11:45 Final Newscast