Capital Journal Golden Anniversary and Capitol Dedication Edition
Six
Salem Takes Place
As Industry Center
Of Upstate Oregon
j From the earliest times of Oregon settlement, men have
i visualized the Willamette valley as a great Industrial center.
; It was no accident that J. B. McClane started mill in North
j Salem, for he was one of those that saw industrial posaibili-
( UCB ill WHO iuuiiu;i
That development has come. But it has come so slowly
that many people today fail to realize Its significance. They
continue to think of Salem as the center of farming com-
I munity. and the seat of Oregon
; But, if it were not for industry, Salem would be nothing
I more today than a straggling village. Take away the $2,500,-
000 annual payroll of the Salem industries, and there would
be precious little left for Salem's 30,000 population to aub-
sist on.
! True, Salem is not a 100 per cent industrial city, and it
I hu nerhana avoided many Ill-fated
eonaequenoes that nave fallen on
j "factory towns." Nevertheless, It la
the largest Industrial center In the
atate outside of Portland,
Raw Products Absorbed
This city's 25 -odd Industrie mean
more than a payroll to the com
' munity. They also absorb raw pro
duct of the Wllllamette valley and
serve to draw millions of dollars In
to Salem via the cash register.
In the state of Oregon as a whole,
35 48 per cent of the people are em
ployed In manufacturing and me
chanics. It Is safe to surmise that
over one-third of Salem' citizens
directly or Indirectly owe their llv.
tout to Industry.
This condition of Salem is the
latest of a series of development
that nave transferred the commun
ity from an agricultural to Indus
trial status.
When Salem was founded by the
Methodist missionaries, there was
only the sawmill and gristmill on
the mill stream in norm eaiem,
For the next 40 or 60 years, agricul
ture In Marlon county and surround
ing areas tended to concentrate on
wheat Consequently, whatever In
dustry was found here was tied In
with the wheat crops and lumoer.
Diversified Crops
Just before 1900, however, far
mers began to see a light They
saw that wheat production In this
valley was limited. Consequently.
the cultivation of so-called "minor"
crop sprang up fruit, vegetables,
truck gardening, among others. Thus
began the real development of can
neries. In the same fashion, lumbermen
who had been shipping out lumber
began to divert wastage and "pieces"
Into the paper market The most
recent addition to Industrial ex
pansion of this country came when
flax was planted, thus boosting the
production of linen mill.
Today, Salem product are ahlp
ped over the world. Paper of all
' grades has world market, and Sa
lem paper Is especially popular In
j central Europe. The paper lndus-
try of Salem I, next to the can
neries, Salem's largest export.
' (The paper Industry, Incidentally,
enjoys a very direct relationship
with fruit producers. On the recom
mendation of the U. S. department
of agriculture 10 years ago, fruit
shippers began to wrap their pro
duct Individually In oiled tissue
paper. This process save the fruit
Tax Troubles
Early Government Col
lects 8000 in 3 Years
While the provisional govern
ment of Oregon functioned, from
1813 to 1848, IU total expense
ran to 123,000. Today this might
not sound like in neb money, but
in the light of tax-raliing diffi
culties of that time. It loomed
large.
Best available records show
that the provisional government,
during those six yean, probably
did not take In more than 18000
from taxes, licenses and fees.
The remainder was made op by
ecrlp and warrant of Indebt
edness. ' The legislative committee In
1844 placed a tax of .00128 on all
kinds of property except farms.
Despite the Increase of this to
.0025 one year later, and the
placing of a M-rent poll tax,
the Income of the government
was always unatahle.
A Complete
Stock of
Automotive
Varts And
Accessories
Shop
Equipment
Tools
W.E. Burns
Dan Burns
Not Brothers the flame Man
High at Ferry Salem, Or.
FHONB 1151
government by accident.
; v..
Pioneer industrialist of Salem
and closely associated with the
development of Salem's water
supply was R. 8. Wallace
(above), who took over the wa
ter company in the late 1880's.
His son, Paul Wallace, Is en
gaged In business here at the
present time.
from a disease called "scalding,"
and saves several hundreds of thou
sands of dollars on spoilage.)
Salem Canneries
In Salem alone, there are 10 can
neries, with a payroll of $664,900 and
an output value of 15.000,000. Many
nationally-known brand have can
neries here, and Salem I the rec
ognised canning center of the state.
These canneries are especially valu
able Because they absorb most of the
fruit and vegetable production of
Marlon county.
A different situation exists in lum
ber mills. Whereas canneries tend
to concentrate In Portland or Sa
lem, lumber mills will be found
wherever there I standing timber.
They log from Lane county ta Forest
drove with Impartiality. Only in
Portland Is there any concentration,
and that Is because of shipping
facilities.
Salem's chief lumber company Is
the Spauldlng concern, with a i
tall market that extends over the
northwest There are others, how.
ever, In this city's trading area that
contribute many dollars to the flow
of commerce.
Of lumber. It might be said that
In the future, exportation of paper
will increase a the timber resources
decline. Paper manufacturers want
spruce and hemlock, while lumber.
men want fir and pine. It Is safe
to predict that Oregon will probably
follow In the path of Washington,
where earlier and faster exploita
tion of lumber has depleted fir and
pine. If this situation develops,
eaiems paper Industry will probab-
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Traditions
Of Jewelry
Firm Strong
A family tradition of jewelry mer
chandtslng rest In the Hartman's
Jewelry store, one of 8alem's pion
eer firm.
The store has remained "In the
family," so to speak, for over 60
years, although It ha changed own.
ership once. Founded In 18M by
John O. Bsjt. where the First Na
tional bank building now stands. It
would not be recognized today as
one of the city' oldest merchandia
lng concerns, for It modernistic de
sign Is perhaps unsurpassed In Sa
lem.
It was In 1909 that R, W. Hart
man came to Salem to work In the
Jewelry concern that was then oper
ated by his cousin, John O. Barr.
Six years later, In 1915. the brother,
O. A. Hartman, arrived and the two
brothers took over the firm.
Large Background
Behind these new owners was a
tradition of skill and craftsmanship.
The Hartman Jewelry store that
their father, H. Hartman. opened In
Ohio In 1876, Is still being operated
by another brother, C. S. Hartman.
It was In this store. Incidentally,
that all of the Hartmans learned the
Jewelry business.
In 1909 the firm, then operated by
Barr, was moved to It present site
on the northwest corner of Liberty
and State. There it has grown and
prospered steadily until today it Is
recognized as one of the leading
Jewelry store of the Willamette
valley.
The store wa remodelled three
times to make way for Improve
ments. This spring saw the most re
cent changes. In five weeks' time
these improvement were made:
Points Listed
1. Indirect lighting, which permits
a better selection of articles, and at
the same time fit In with the gen
eral scheme of the Interior.
2. A carefully-selected color con
trast which features light wall colors
and deep-toned display cabinets
and trimmings.
3. Larger display windows with an
open background, thus permitting
the prospective customer to see not
only the selection of articles on dis
play but also the Interior of the
store.
As In past years, the store confines
Itself exclusively to Jewelry of all
sorts fine blue-white diamonds,
watches, rings, bracelets, clocks and
Interior pieces. Only leading lines
are handled. Some of the are Ham
llton. Elgin, Waltham and Omen
watches; Towle, Oorham and Wal
lace sterling and plated silverware.
R. W. and O. A. Hartman remain
In charge of the store, assisted by
four employes.
ly Increase greatly within a few
years.
Tradition in Wool
There Is a peculiar historical fla
vor to the woolen mill Industry of
Salem. Woolen mills were establish
ed in Salem as early as 1856, chief
ly because the wool production In
the valley was growing too fast and
same way of converting wool Into
cloth was needed. There has been
little change In wool production of
the Willamette) valley. Even so, the
Kay Woolen mills now ship cloth
In wholesale quantities to the At
lantic seaboard.
The story of the first woolen mill
In 8alem, Incidentally, bear re
telling. Joseph Watt, Amity far
mer and sheep grower on a large
scale, came to Salem one day and
persuaded hi friend that an Ore
gon woolen mill was needed to ab
sorb Oregon wool. Somehow, the
needed 135.000 wa raised and the
mill started after three year of
prodlgous effort So hard was the
money to obtain that the trade
Store Remodeled O. A. and R.
above In their newly-remodeled
name of the mill product was
Hard times."
Salem ha two linen mills, utiliz
ing the fast-growing flax produc
tion of the valley. They have a mar
ket for twine and gill-netting, as
well a bulk linen.
$12,000,000 Output
All in all, Salem s Industrial out
put Is valued at over 1 12.000,000
nearly 5 per cent of Oregon's total.
Nearly 20 per cent of the Oregon
paper output Is manufactured In
Salem and something like 30 per
cent of Oregon's canning output
is concentrated In the Salem area.
Salem I not a center for metal
Industrie (although the Gerllnger
concern In Dallas Is one of Oregon's
largest.) Nor Is it a lumber cen
ter. It rank as only "fair" In dairy
product.
But a long a farmers grow flax.
fruit, vegetables, hops and wool,
and as long as spruce and hemlock
continue to grow In Oregon woods,
theye will be Industry In Salem. In
dustry and agriculture are necessary
to each other In oalern, as else
where.
Washington
Owner of Ship
That Abraham Lincoln almost
came to Oregon as Its first territor
ial governor Is known to most Ore
gonians. That George Washington
was also connected with Oregon his
tory I not a well known.
Captain Robert Gray was the first
white man to enter the Columbia
river. That was on May 11, 1792. The
ship on which he sailed wa the
'Columbia.
A letter from New Spain offi
cials to the San Francisco garrison
commandant in 1787 (on Gray's first
trip to the west coast) Instructed as
follows:
Welcome Stranger!
"Whenever there may arrive at the
Port of San Francisco, a ship named
the Columbia said to belong to Gen
eral Washington of the American
States, under the command of John
Kendrlck which sailed from Boston
in September, 1787, bound on a
voyage of Discovery and of Exam
ination of the Russian Establish
ment on the Northern Coast of this
Peninsula, you will cause said vessel
to be secured together with her of
ficers and crew."
Judge Carey, In hi "History of
Oregon," denle that Washington
was In any way connected with the
vessel, and cite the Nootka Sound
manuscript to prove that the mis
taken assumption was held by many
Spanish officers.
'" ' "
.a -
W. Hartman, proprietors of Hartman'
store.
Gallant Captain
Drapes Natives
Early fur-trading sea captains
may have been tough but they had
their gallant moments.
A number of Sandwich Island wo
men were abducted on the Vancou
ver ship "Discovery" by Caotaln
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r til t
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Jewelry concern, are pictured
Baker. When they reached Nootka,
Captain Vancouver' sense of mod
esty prompted him to have clothes
tailored for them. These were some
thing like riding habits.
So well did these brown-skinned
ladles learn European refinement
that, says Vancouver's narrative.
"she would take as much care not
to expose her ankles as If she had
been educated by the most rigid go
verness."
) 1
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m0 ' '", '' J.""c, Jewel Precision Movement "Devil
' ' - y 11 CURVEX ACE, 17 Jewel sq gf
" Sy Precision Movement 9e5U
O-fi GRTJEN KATHLEEN
V-f V Dalnty ind '"rat 3319
t AtffiTr ORUEM MARCUS I
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if) .rfitf
THE
One of
These
Patterns
! ?w I -n-1' ?tm v.. Hj fwa j
HARTMAN BROS.
inwfDV nrnicrnrrinw
VELM-OF-DISTINCTK
Corner of State and Liberty
JU YV I
Pioneer Blood Strong
In Oregon Settlers
Despite the strong non-slavery feeling in early Ore
gona feeling which ultimately predominated and made
Oregon union state a remarkably large percentage of
pioneers were from gouthern or frontier states. A compila
tion by J. Henry Brown in 1876 shows that nearly a third
of the pioneers came irom. mi -
sourt alone, and that Virginia con
tributed 29; Kentucky 39; Tennes
see 33; Maryland 7; Alabama 3; Ar
kansas 3; North Carolina 3; Geor
gia 1. Missouri's 63 emigrants led
all other states, other totals: Con
necticut 7; Delaware 1; Illinois 47:
Indiana 31: Iowa 13: Michigan 3;
New York 55: Ohio 50; Pennsylva
nia 31; Vermont?.
From these estimates, It may be
Judged that 240 pioneers came from
non-slaveholding states and 194 from
slave states. Almost a third left
their homes In the old northwest.
Foreign Contributions Listed
Foreign countries contributed as
follows: England 22; Ireland 8:
Scotland 3; Germany 11; Canada
12; Russia 1; Austria 1.
Commenting on this situation In
an Oregonian editorial of 1877, Har
vey Scott coula say: "This com
munity of the Pacific northwest
has a very pronounced, Individual
character; and that character, with
certain modifications. Is what was
given It by the pioneers. The early
citizens of Oregon were of two dis
tinct classes frontiersmen and ag
riculturists from the southern and
western states, and tradespeople
from New York and the New Ent-
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land state. The former were In
reality the pioneers and the lat
ter were the commercial adven
turers who followed them . . . The
southern and western people . . .
from the beginning have been tne
ruling force in the country, fur
nishing the models for Its political,
social and religious life, giving tone
and character to its civilization.
Like the people of Ohio and Indi
ana, we are a transplanted southern
people modified by different sur
roundings and a different climate,
by social equality unknown In the
south and by a more general educa
tion." Average Means
The Oregon pioneer was of average
means not rich and not poor. There
was little In the state to attract
capital, and those who did make
the trip were usually men In the
prime of life who were familiar with
hardships and opposition. Many of
them had led the vanguard of the
pioneer movement into Missouri,
Indiana and Kansas. Others were
descendant of the Boone era of
pioneers. (A grandson of Boone
came to Oregon via the Applegate
trail in 1846 )
L
r
CHIPPENDALf
Towlt Sterling
Renamed Gruen
C-l r
i yregon
Since 1886
Inn