THE CAPITAL' JOURNAL, SALEM, OREGON
AMERICA'S "MERCHANT PRINCE" DEAD
(Continued from Pag On.)
outbreak of the Civil War in 1861
when he bgaii business far himself
in a humble war in Philadelphia,
retail merchandizing in this conn
try wa in a disorganized ttate, and,
in the Opinion of the farsighted
young merchant, ;it was suffering
a rapid decline through practices
that were then general. Aside Irom
his ambition to make money, my
paramount purpose," said Mt. Wan
maker, "was to help, save the mer
cantile profession from lowering
flag before other professions and
occupations.
There were in those days no fix
ed selling price for goods. Business
then demanded a thirteon-hour day
from all its emploj-es. Customers
spent hours price haggling with
salesmen. Mr. Wanamaker was im
pressed with this waste of time and
to eliminate it ne Dei-ame a pioneer
in fixing a selling price for goods,
It was one of the beginnings of
many mercantile reforms which to
day are so generally followed that
the present generation can scarce'
y find anywhere a trace of the old
radices.
Started u Errand Boy-
Mr. Wanamaker was 24 year old
when he entered npon hi career, in
partnership with his brother-in-law,
Nathan Brown, on a joint tapital of
3,500, in a clothing business at
Philadelphia. He had been born in
that city, July 11, 1838. His father
and his father's father had been
brick makers, and John Wanamak
er' first work was "turning brieka' ,
He was the oldest of seven children
and early in his boyhood he was ob-
liged to give up schooling and earn
his own way. Hia first wage were
1.25 a week as an errand boy in
a Philadelphia book store.
The Brown and Wanamaker store
began business with a first day's
sales account 'of $24, and ended its
first year with a record of $24,000
business. Mr. Wanamaker and hi
brother-in-law were during their
first few months of business unable
to afford a horse and wagon for de
livery, and Mr. Wanamaker himself
pushed a two-wheel cart to deliver
his goods.
Started "Fixed" Prices. ,
Aside from establishing his one
price policy and making a shorter
business day, Mr. Wanamaker es
tabliehed in the new store two sys
tems, one of sales and the other of
organization. He learned It was
cheaper to manufacture some classes
of goods than to bur from manufac
turers and hs became one of the
first retailer to do this. He found
it difficult to get employe who
were properly instructed in their
duties and he organized training
schools where bis workers were
taught the "Wanamaker system."
Mr, Wanamaker interested him
self in many civic activities. He
was the first salaried secretary in
America of the Young Men's Christ
ian Association, in 1838; one of the
founders of the Christian Commis
sion during the Civil War, and one
of the organizer of the Centennial
Exposition in 1876. In the latter
year he begun the development of
his department store, establishing
the house of oJhn Wanamaker I
Company on C'hesnut St., Philadel
phia, and twenty years later estab
lished a similar business in New
Vork as successor of A. .T Stewart.
It is estimated that during his en
tire buniueiw career Mr. Wanamaker
hnd distributed into American
homes merchandise reaching nearly
a billion dollars in value.
Was Faithful Advertiser.
He was known us a great believer
in advertising, in newspaper adver
tising above all other varieties. He
spent millions in it. One of the fea
tures of his advertising campaign
whs his development of the "Store
News age" which he led with an
editorial over his own signature, in
variirtily written by himself, to keep
the public in touch with the poli
cies of his business. His friends
often saw him writing such an ed
itorial on his way to the store in
the morning, scribbling it on the
back of an envelope or any scrap
-of paper he had in his pocket.
He was always looking for better
and newer ways of doing business
and aside from providing conven
iences for buyer and securing able
management. Mr., Wanamaker paid
great attention to the welfare of hit
employes, establishing among them
many institutions for cultivating s
spirit of comradeship, educating
j(ayw
M.
them to improve their earning ca
pacity, providing retirement of old
employe on retired pay, and creat
ing a court of appeal chosen by
employe to. which any complaints
could be taken.
. Active in Politics.
One of the greatest tributes ever
paid to an American merchant was
that given to Mr. Wanamaker in
the fall of 1911 on the fiftieth an
niversary of his business career
Thirteen thousand of his employes
from both New York .and Philadel
phia, stores greeted him in his Phil
adelphia store and presented him
with the house in which he was born
and a jubilee book in which each
of the thirteen thousand had writ
ten their names.
Ia Political life Mr. Wanamaker
was prominent as an independent
republican. In, 1882 he was offered
the republican nomination as con
gressriian-at-large for the state of
Pennsylvania, but declined it, and
in 1888 he declined to be an inde
pendent candidate for mayor of
Philadelphia. He took an active
part ia most f the presidential cam
paigns and gave a great amount of
work to the Republican National
Execntire Committee, of which he
was a member during the Harrison
campaign. Upon the election of
Harrison, Mr. Wanamaker was in
vited to enter the cabinet, and al
though there was much criticism to
the effect that a merchant was un
fit for a cabinet position, Mr. Wan
amaker became Postmaster General
and was acknowledged later by his
critic to hav worked many desir
able reform in the postal system
Organization, system, method and
business mechanism so essential in
the postoffice department were all
in Mr. Wanamaker's line. He spread
the fast mail service and opened sea
postoffice in which foreign mails
ars distributed and made up on the
sea, and, among other things, ad
voeated the parcels post and postal
savings which were later realized,
and also urged government owner
ship of telegraph lines.
Beiigious Life Active.
The religious ide of Mr. Wana
maker' life was one less known to
the general public tha nany other,
but on in which he wa deeply in
terested. Very early in life he be
came a member of the Rev. John
Chamber's Presbyterian church in
Uiladelpbia, and it is related that
when Dr. Chambers appealed to his
congregation for a church suitable
to its needs, Mr. Wanamaker, then
a boy, snouted enthusiastically:
"I'll give a load of bricks from my
father' brict yard." Later he gath
ered together a handful of boys in
shoemaker s shop and formed a
Sunday school, which was the nuc
leus of what ia today the Bethany
Presbyterian church of Philadelphia.
The Bethany Sunday school, of
which Mr. Wanamaker was superin
tendent, has 6000 members, and is
said to bo the largest Sunday school
in the United States.
Founded "Penny Savings."
Early in his career Mr. Wanamak
er married Mary B. Brown who co
operated with him in much of his
philanthropic work. H founded the
Presbvterlaa hospital in Philadel
phia, the First Penny SaTlng Bank
there, asisted In erecting many
Young Men's Christina Association
buildings, and contributed toward
eollege missionary institutions in in
dia, China and Japan. At th out
break of th European war he was
one of the frst to assist in the re
lief of the Belgians, equipping two
shiploads of foodstuffs which were
sent to the invaded country.
GOVER
OR HELD
N
TOBE NOT GUILTY
Oxford. Miss., Dec. 12. A ver
dict for the defendant lata yester
day concluded a suit In federal
court here tor $100,000 damage
tiled by Miss Frances Blrkhead,
stenographer, against Lee M. Rus
sell, Mississippi' chief executive
Miss Blrkhead had asked tor
$50,000 on each of two counts
one alleging seduction ana me
other impairment of health as the
result of an alleged operation.
Submission of the case to the
Jury came after- four hours of
argument and the verdict we pre
sented 28 minute later.
MERCURY REGISTERS
2 BELOW IN MONTANA
Denver, Colo., Dec. 12. The
coldest weather of the winter pre
vailed last night in the northern
part of the Rocky mountains re
gion with temperatures ranging
from 12 to 27 degrees below zero
in Wyoming and Montana, while
generally colder weather wa fore
cast by the district weather bu
reau for today in the southern
stages of the region. Relief from
the severe cold wave, that gripped
Montana and Wyoming was pre
dicted by the weather forecaster
for today.
Miles City, Mont., was the cold
est point reported last night, the
temperature there being 27 below
zero. Temperatures of from 12 to
16 below were reported in Wyom
Ing.
I
AX: EXEMPTION
Montevledo, Uruguay. Dr. Bal-
tasar Brum, president of the re
public, challenged a political op
ponent to a duel.
Coughs and Colds in Winter
Indoor sedentary life In winter
has a direct bearing on the prev
alence of coughs and colds. Keep
the bowel active and overcome
constipation with Foley Cathar
tic Tablets. Colds, coughs, croup.
throat, cheat and bronchial trou
ble quickly relieved with Foley's
Honey and Tar. Contains no opi
ate ingredients printed on the
wrapper. Largest selling cough
medicine in the world. "Foley's
Honey and Tar is wonderful tot
attacks of coughs and ' colds,"
writes W. H. Gray, Venice, Cali
fornia, (adv)
fr&m v:';
The Surety
of Purity
There are no miracles in cook
ing. What goe into the food
must inevitably come out.
Even the baking perfection
that result from the use of
Royal Baking Powder ia no
miracle.
It is simply the result of ab
solute purity entering the
food and emerging again.
Royal is made from Cream of
Tartar derived from grapes.
It Contains No Ahxm
Leaves No Bitter Taste -
Tomorrow
Alright
PA vacatabl
lHtmt, adda
tcna and vigor t
th dtgtiv nod
hcnlnaUva system,
tmprovta tha appa
ttta, rallavaa flick
Haadach and Bll
WsriMS), oorrieti
Cooauvatton.
It
W jf -telJsed for over tl
I'M iii
tit .
I jUra
L -
- WsMa . Jan inTflWrift.faum
Mt JUNiONS-Llttte Ms
Oofrthlrtf tha regular doaa.
MaS of Mm Ingndl-
. I : 1 acta, uian iuir
as adulta.
Make Your Gift a
j Lasting, Useful One
I A Hoover Electric Sweeper
One Minute Electric Washer
Start on Open Stock Dinner Set that can be added
to later.
Shop Early, so that we can give you the service
w wish w
WM. GAHLSDORF
The Store of Housewares
135 N. Liberty St Phone 67
OF SECURITIES
HELD DANGEROUS
(Contlp
tied from Page One.)
congress, shows that there are
only 395 persons In the United
States paying on taxable Incomes
of 300.000 and op. Where is all
the money? In tax tree securities
Unless Issuing of tax free securi
ties is stopped, It will wreck our
tax system."
Hs asserted -what he called de
fects in the present bill should be
remedied at once. . '
Stock Dividends Exposed-
"There Is an epidemic of stock
dividends," he continued. "With
in 4 days they amount to 31,600,-
000. The reason Is not far to seek.
If the recipients hav owned the
original shares , for two years or
more they can liquidate and pay
only 1SH per cent Instead of the
regular surtax, which runs up to
50 per cent."
The personnel of the tax depart
ment, he declared, needa strength
ening, and he cited two instances
wherein he charged the depart
ment lost valuable men because of
an Inability to pay adequate salar
ies. Reinstatement of the excess
profit tax( he said, should come in
event the 1921 tax law does not
produce sufficient revenue.
Grain Exchanges Rapped.
Chicago, Dec. 12. Legislation
to compel grain exchanges to take
Into their organizations lawful
producer- owned companies was
urged by B. H. Cunningham, pres
ident of the United States Grain
Growers, Inc., in an address before
the fourth annual convention of
the American Farm Bureau feder-
ation here today. He pointed out
to the recent refusal of th Chi
cago board of tradt to accept a
membership application of the
United States Grain Grower, Inc
as a, concrete example of the need
of such legislation, declaring that
the local board broke its pledge to
the farmers, "It you abide tr the
rules, we will welcome you in,
when it refused the farmers or
ganization a seat on the board.
"I want th organized farmers
to take up the gauntlet which has
been hurled at their feet," he said
"I want to see legislation supple
mental to the federal law enacted
at the coming sessions of the leg
lslatures In all grain states of the
country, whlch will afford relief.
This legislation should compel ad
mission of lawful producer-owned
companies to the grain exchanges
The work should not be half
hearted or of a compromising na
ture." Chicago Board Flayed.
Of the refusal of the Chicago
board of trade to give th United
States grain growers a seat, Mr.
Cunningham said, "when an in
stitution like the Chicago board
of trade thwarts the will of society
and defies the mandates of the
people's representatives in con
gress it is time for men to speak
It Is time to curb this institution,
which has erected Itself In our
midst."
AoDlications of the United
States Grain Growers, Inc., Mr
Cunineham said, for seats on
grain exchanges were pending at
Indianapolis and St. Louis and in
dications pointed to acceptance,
he added.
fDR BELL'S
Ptoe-T&rHongr
asr
1 u.
Tb sriightwt cold nuty dtwlop
Into fHpp or inflotntt. B pro
tecta at th tint tn batfin
ftak.nc D. Ball. Th( goad old Mm
BsM-tar-hoaar vrfP oaicblr
tha tlghiaat asxuha, and aa Vvr
th, headaohy eoida. Piaaan harm
aa-aptandid far abildraol At all
drogtfiata.
HER
GREATEST
MOTION
PICTURE
The Part in Which Alice Brady Made Such
"A Hit" in on the Speaking Stage
A Story of New York City's Underworld and
Society Swells
See Anna, the Little Immigrant Ascend the Social
i Ladder
Thrills nr Love
Mystery Laughs
' IL
f Some Cast
-fl
DAVID POWELL-ROBERT ELLIS
CHARLES GERARD
and
NITANALDI
'The Vamp in Blood and Sand"
Other Good Reels Besides
3 Days
Starting
Today
f
EHTY
4
Watch
Our
Bookings
For Gifts That Last
HAKTMAK BEOS.
Diamonds Watches
Jewelry and Silverwire
Phone 1255 - Salem. Ore.
MEADOWLAWN DAIRY
' Phone 90F12
Inspect our dairy. The state
Inspector says "It's on of th
best ia th stats. Investigate
the sourse of your milk.
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12.19,
Fine Piano
IS down. IK a
nlRIIA hfr- u. " 1
w - vu guy,
Geo. C. Will
Stat Street
Your Christmas shopping will be a real pleasure in this
store for here you will find only the daintiest of gifts of
real merit yet priced way below their true values.
Gift Suggestions
Handkerchiefs
of pure linen, many beautifully hand
embroidered. Regular 50c each
Special 3 for $1.00
Infants' Pure Silk Hose
Pink, blue and white, regular 98c
Special 69c
Kayser Italian Silk Vests
Hemstitched top, regular $4.00
Special $2.49
Gift Shop Gifts
Each one in a Christmas box with an
appropriate card
Reduced 33 1-3
Infants' Toilet Sets of Ivory
Regular $2.25 to $3.45
Special $149 to $1.89
Kayser Italian Silk Hose
Regular $4.25
Special $2.65
Gift Suggestions
Patent Leather Party Pumps
Very new style, regular $9.50
Special $7.95
Pocahontas Indian Moccasins
for wear, nooks and comfort
Special $1.45 to $2.45
Rhinestone Slipperbuckles
50c to $1.75
Fine Felt Slippers $1.35 to
$1.65
Children's Felt Slippers
85c to $1.45
White Kid Strap Pumps
of the finest materials to be had,
regular $12.50
Special $9.95
Children's Shoes greatly reduced.
Children's Lisle Hose,
brown and black,
Special 19c
I AU Corsets l"jf x P
nrmirr:;!!:rrc!;:mr?irm::tnmir: rn r li t : m r 'ni : : i n i i i - J 11
'wmmmmmmm : Corner state and L5berty '
iJite i" 1 '"" ' ' ,"""B"" """" - ,., , ' """" T
JKBa FURNITURE .
IS tit Si I .
1
THE REAL XMAS GIFT THAT IS MORE THAN JUST A GIFT
We have just received our third shipment of Craftsman leather overstuffed
rockers. There are just twenty-five of them and they will be sold at the same low
price as the last shipment. Wouldn't one of them make a dandy Xmas present for
Dad? If you fetven't all the money we will sell you one at $3 down and a little each
week or month. ,
EXTRA SPECIALTHIS WEEK ONLY
- We will give free of charge a 21 40 inch white enamelled, porcelain top table
with every Sterling range purchased (cash or terms) the price of the table is not
added to the range it is the same price as last week at this time or the week be
fore. It is just another method of having the public investigate the superior qual
ity of Sterling ranges. -
HEATERS
To close out our remaining stock of
heaters we will sell at wholesale price
all that are left. We would rather do
this than to store them until next win
ter. Sizes 21 inch and 22 inch in sheet
iron, steel and all cast.
DESKS
Ladies writing desks in oak and ma
hogany make a very good gift; a gift
that is useful the year round and one
that will be appreciated by the recipient
CHILD'S ROCKERS
Here you will find a nice selection of
child's rockers all very moderately pne
' ed. Highly polished hard wood. Some
have leather spring seats, just the sam
as mother's and dad's.
TABLES
Those who were inquiring about our
Davenport Tables will probably be glad
to know that they have arrived. There
are two different designs in mohogany.
Also Davenport End Tables.
e
373 Court St.
USE YOUR CREDIT
iese Furniture Co.
PAY AS YOU USE
SALE
Daniel I Fry