PAGE FOUR
THE BEND BULLETIN, BEND, OREGON
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 12, 195
THE BEND BULLETIN
and CENTRAL OREGON PRESS
Tha Band Bulletin (Weakly) 1908-1981 The Bond Bullottn (Dally) Est 1916
Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday and Certain llolidaya by The Bend Bulletin
18S -788 Wall Street Bend, Oregon
Entered as Second Claaa Matter, January 8, 1917. at the Poatotfice at Bend, Oregon
Under Act of March 8, 1B79.
ROBERT W. BAWTER Editor-Manager HENRY N. FOWLER Asaoelata Editor
Independent Newspaper Standing for the Square Deal, Clean Ruaineaa, Clean Polltlca
and the Beat Intercut of Bend and Central Oregon
MEMBER AUDIT BUREAU Of CIRCULATIONS
By MaU By Carrier
One Year 18.50 One Year 815 00
Biz Months 4.G0 8i months 18.00
Throe Months (2.00 One Month 11.00
AU Subscription! are DUE and PAYABLE IN ADVANCE
Please notify ua of any ehange of address or failure to receive the paper regularly.
CHANGING AT 100
It's been a big year for the Portland Oregonian. The staff
has been celebrating it as the paper's centennial (dating from
the beginning of the weekly) with the publication of many
articles of historic interest gleaned from the old files. The
year was noteworthy, too, when the Oregonian's declaration
of independence of Portland's biggest store demonstrated,
after a long-drawn boycott, that .JJeier & Frank needed Ore
gonian advertising at least as much as the Oregonian needed
the Meier & Frank account. The staff the men and women
who make up the small army responsible for the regular ap
pearance and the sustained excellence of the hundred year
old newspaper had in that incident something more sig
nificant to remember than a mere birthday.
The year was not only a great one for the staff, how
ever. It was so likewise for the owners the two old families
whose forebears had started and developed the small town
newspaper until it had become one of the most valuable prop
erties of the kind in the northwest. The heirs proved this
Saturday when they sold the Oregonian for a price reported
to be in excess of $5,000,000.
How much of this will remain in their possessioh after
capital gains are taxed on 50 per cent of their total by the
federal government and on 100 per cent of their total by the
state of Oregon will probably never be disclosed. It will nat
urally be far less than the consideration mentioned in the
official report of the transaction. The figures remain, how
ever, as an accurate measure of how greatly the Oregonian
was valued by its owners.
Some sentimentalists, perhaps, will find cause to mourn
over the sale, especially because the purchase is made by one
on the far east -coast, one already the publisher of a half
dozen other newspapers, whose interest in the Oregon daily
can hardly be especially personal. But in this fact there
should be little immediate change for the retiring owners",
with slight exception, have not been operating publishers.
The old staff, it is "announced, is being retained and so, pre
sumably, the hundred year old Oregonian will go on much
the same as before, for the time being at least. Eventually,
no doubt, as is usual in such matters, a reorganization will
come about, but no indication of urgency has been given.
If in this there is reason for assurance, there is also cause
for concern in the. fact of the eastern residence of the new
owner. Absentee ownership is something already too fre
quently exemplified in the operation of Oregon businesses
and institutions. The purchaser, Samuel I. Newhouse of New
ark, New Jersey, would do well, we think, to make Oregon
his actual if not his legal residence. Perhaps the Portland
chamber of commerce will send him a folder explaining the
advantages of living in the far west.
WASHINGTON COLUMN
Washington (NEA) Politi
cal power of the southern demo
crats will be greater in the com
ing 82nd congress than ever be
fore. They will not only hold the
balance of power between con
servative republicans and the
combination of New Dealers and
progressive republicans which
sometimes vote together, they
have also gained chairmanships
on important congressional com
mittees. Senators and congressmen
don't always vote consistently,
nor do they vote in solid blocs.
There is always a lot of maver
icks straying off the political
range by individual congressmen,
for reasons perhaps best known
to some of their constituents.
A careful analysis of voting
records of the old-timers and po
litical speeches of the newcom
ers does, however, indicate
trends. And the trend for the 82nd
congress lines up about like this:
Take the senate. Of the 47 re
publicans In the next senate, 36
may be classified as GOP conserv
atives. Eleven are what you
might call middle-of-the-roaders.
They are sometimes referred to
as liberal republicans and they do
vote with the democrats on some
more progressive measures, or on
foreign policy.
Of the 49 democrats in the next
senate, only 21 may be classified
as voting more or less consist
ently for the New Deal or Fair
Deal program. Eleven democrats
including five from the south
sometimes vote with the liberal
democrats, sometimes with the
conservatives. They are liberals
on foreign policy, conservative on
civil rights and the more extreme
Fair Deal proposals.
But the real power in the next
senate lies with the 17 remaining
democrats who may be counted
on to vote more or less consistent
ly against the Truman adminis
tration proposals. When these
17 democrats vote with the 35 re
publican conservatives in the
next congress they will have a
majority of 52 to 44.
These 17 conservative demo
crats more than offset the 11 lib
eral republicans who sometimes
vote with the democrats. These 17
democrats also more than offset
the combination, of the 11 liberal
republicans plus the five south
ern senators who sometimes vote
liberal.
In this group you also have six
Important committee chairmen
Ellentlcr (succeeding Thomas of
Oklahoma), agriculture: Russell
(succeeding Tydings of Mary-,,
land), armed services; McKellar,
appropriations; McClellan, expen
ditures; George finance; McCar
ran, Judiciary.
The situation In the house is
not so easy to analyze because of
the larger membership, the great
er independence of action, and 66
new members. But roughly the
situation breaks down about like
this:
Republicans, 199; democrats,
236, if you include Franklin D.
Roosevelt, Jr., the democrat-liberal
party congressman. Of the 236
democrats, 119 or two more
than half are from the southern
states. This is barely enough to
give them control in party cau
cus, If they should ever vote in
sectional lines.
On an average of 15 key votes
in the last session of congress,
there were approximately 110 de
mocrats and 10 republicans who
voted for the Truman program.
There was an equal number, 50
democrats and 70 republicans,
who voted regularly against Tru
man proposals. About 100 demo
crats and 90 republicans split
their votes.
In the last election, the repub
licans' gain of 28 stats may be
presumed to be at the expense
of Truman democrats. So the ra
tio in the new house would be
come approximately 90 pro-Tru-manltes
to 150 anti-Trumanites,
assuming the former ratio of vote
sputters remained.
On committee chairmanships,
southern democrats will hold nine
out of the 19 top .positions, plus,
presumably, the speakership of
the house, with Sam Rayburn of
Texas.
" TWO TEXTS FOR TRUMAN
If we thought it would do any good, we should print and
send to the president of the United States a two-color placnrd
to tack up over his desk. It would be a text from Proverbs,
the first verse of the 15th chapter, which reads, "A soft
answer turneth away wrath: but grievous words stir up an
ger". And, as' a companion to this, we might provide a print
ing from the 25th verse of the 10th chapter of First Corin
thians which suggests that, "Every man that striveth for the
, mastery is temperate in all things.
But we doubt that he would read them or, if reading,
heed them. Ill-considered speech and intemperate language
are apparently dear to Mr, Truman, whether in response to
criticism of his daughter's unfortunately mediocre singing
voice, in gratuitous insult to the Marino corps or in attempt
ing to defend the indefensible actions of Harry Vaughan. Mr
Truman's "sounding off" is rather too symptomatic of the
workings of un inferiority complex for us to have any real
hope that our texts would help. The popgun, we suppose, will
persist in trying to act like an 18-ineh rule.
Brass railings have been installed on the post office stops.
'marring the building's classic lines and disappointing patrons
who had been expecting something m a nilty gold plated job
Guard to Select
Battalion Leader
Bend Co. I guardsmen at their
meeting tomorrow night In the
national giuird armory are to
vole on appointments for offi
cers, and It Is expected that a
battalion commander will be
named. Although Bend has been
designated as battalion hcnclqimr
teis, that post hns been vacant.
Guardsmen are to vote for non
commissioned officers, and also
for Co. 1 officers. Following Die
selection of a battalion command-
LOOK roar btst
AaaeSEE your btst
Make tile deelslnn to have bet
ter vision. Iluve your eye ex
amined now. Let tin fit yon
for good sight , . , good looks!
Dr. M. B. McKenney
OrTOMETIilST
B08 Wall St. 1'hone 342
cr, he will select his battalion
staff.
All guardsmen and others in
forested In activities of the na
tional guard reserves are being
asked to attend the Wednesday
night meeting, set for S p.m.
Bend's Yesterdays
'From The Bulletin Files,
THIltTY YEAHS AfiO
(December 12, 19501
Plans for a two-story, 40-room
high school building to cost
alHiut $150,000 have been file
with the school district clerk bv
S. W. Moore, city school superin
tendent. The plans recommend
that the site ensl of the UipM
drome, between Wall and bond,
be used.
On the first anniversary i
Bend's record storm of Detvmbc
1919, a snow-laden gale whippe
this town lodav.
Hoys now turning out for high
school iHiskethnll practice Includi
Hiosterhous. Loehr. Johnson, Or
ivl. Lnmh, Howell. Sporat. Phil
brook. C'layiMnil, Gove. Clarno,
Birdsnll, (iarskc, Cottingham and
looiney.
I'. w. r.ntrlkln, of Culver, was
a visitor in Bend today.
I lie Micviin-iuxon compan
nun closed at noon on Decemlx
u and win protiatily not he re
opened until February. However
market conditions may mean tha
the mill will not be reopened for
a month beyond the present ten
tnuve date.
HEATING
Y Stove and Furnace Repairs
Heating and Ventilating
ft Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Work
ft Gutters Down Spout;
FREE ESTIMATES NO OBLIGATION
Michelson's Heating & Sheet Metal
1413 MrKinlry I'hone llMft-M
POINT ADMITTED
Hong Kong, Dec. 12 mi The
Chinese nationalists admitted
through the official Central Daily
News today that nationalist for
ces raided tne communlst-heid
Chifti-se mainland three weeks
ago.
But they claimed that the op
eration an amphibious assault
was staged by guerrillas and
not regulars.
The Daily News said that the
nationalists landed on Yuhwan is
land In Wenchow bay on Nov. 20
and inflicted 700 casualties on the
communists.
Some time ago the raid was
reported in press dispatches but
the nationalists denied the report
after the U. S. state department
queried American officials on
Formosa about It.
(Continued from Page 1)
ceedlngs relating to weapons or
other defense and security mat
ters.
If Mr. Truman, under his pro
posed national emergency, de
parts far from the letter of the
law and of the constitution to
exercise great powers not speci
fically granted the chief execu
tive, he will be following notable
precedent.
Abraham Lincoln began it.
Woodrow Wilson carried it on.
Franklin D. Roosevelt broke tre
mendous areas of new ground.
Mr. Roosevelt s method was to
create emergency agencies and
Issue emergency executive orders
These had the force of law al
though not in all cases the speci
fic authorization of law.
Edward S. Corwin's "The Pres
ident, Office and Powers" New
York University Press, traces the
history of these extraordinary
"emergency" powers from the fall
of r ort bumter.
Started by Lincoln
During the 10 weeks after
Sumter's fall until congress con
vened in special session, July 4,
lHbi,, Lincoln raised a temporary
volunteer army, called for an
other to volunteer for three years,
increased the regular military
establishment, and paid out large
sums which had not been appro
priated by congress to persons
who had not been authorized to
receive it.
That is not all he did. But it is
a sample. When congress met he
invited it to approve what he had
done. Congress approved.
Lincoln defended his actions by
citing his constitutional preroga
tives as commander-in-chief and
his constitutional duty to "take
care that the laws be faithfully
enforced.
Wilson followed Lincoln's pre
cedent. The oest example was his
order lor the arming of American
merchant ships when the United
States still was at peace and after
congress had failed to give him
authority to do so.
For FDR, the so-called "commander-in-chief"
theory was a
jackpot of new powers. Corwin
says "the president's power as
commander - in - chief has been
transformed from a simple power
of military command to a vast
reservoir of indeterminate powers
in time of emergency."
Attorney general Francis Bid
die called it "an aggregate of
powers." '
Two Approaches
Mr. Roosevelt made two emer
gency approaches to all-out war
powers, me nrst was a proclama
tion of "limited national emer
gency" Sept. 8, 1939, within a few
days of the outbreak of world
war II. On May 27, 1941, FDR
proclaimed a national emergency
unlimited.
Large events flowed from those
proclamations.
On Sept. 3, 1940, for example,
Mr. Roosevelt announced the
trade of, 50 American destroyers
to Great Britain for bases on
British territory on our side of
the Atlantic. It was the act of a
commander in chief in limited
emergency.
April 9, 1941, the state depart
ment made an executive agree
ment with the Danish minister
giving the United States permis
sion to occupy Greenland during
the emergency.
Meantime, American war ves
sels were convoying supplies to
ward Great Britain in the western
half of the Atlantic.
Oct. 8. 1941. United States forc
es in the Atlantic were ordered
to open fire on German or Italian
sea or air forces.
All of these were emergency
actions, some of questionable con
stitutional validity. But all were
cloaked with national emergency
and were accepted.
Congress Ignored
Under his limited national
emergency, Mr. Roosevelt created
without congressional leave the
office of emergency management
In May, 1940.
In his role of emergency commander-in-chief
he seized the
North American aviation plant,
Inglewood, Calif., in June, 1941.
It had been paralyzed by a communist-sparked
strike.
There followed numerous seiz
ures of plants, some on grounds
of inefficient management.
By presidential direction but
withouf congressional authoriza
tion, penalties were imposed or
threatened when war finally
came, upon business and occa
sionally labor unions which balk
ed at government orders. Mr.
Roosevelt considered these to be
permissible "sanctions."
Mr. Roosevelt's greatest Invoca
tion of emergency powers came
in September 1942, when he de
manded that congress by Oct. 1
repeal certain sections of the
emergency price control act to
permit him to effect a wage and
price stabilization.
He said if congress failed to
act he would.
Congress acted.
"When" the war is won," Mr.
Roosevelt told congress then, "the
powers under which I act return
automatically to the people to
whom they belong."
Casualties High
In Evacuation
Washington. Dec. 12 m The
1st marine division suffered more
than 30 per cent casualties an
estimated 6,500 in the bloody re
treat from the Chosin reservoir
to Korea's east coast, marine
headquarters disclosed Monday.
No breakdown was given as
to dead, wounded and missing.
But dispatches from Korea have
said that about 4,000 wounded,
including some of the army's 7th
infantry division, were flown out.
Lt. Gen. Lemuel C. Shepherd,
commander of the fleet marine
forces in the Pacific, reported
that in a visit to the 1st marine
division last Saturday he found
them " all In high spirits from
the commanding general down
and the troops have their tall
up."
In n report to Gen. Clifton B.
Cates, Shepherd said that it was
only by the "most aggressive and
determined eiiorts tnai me ma
rines fought their way through
the Chinese Communists to reach
the coast,
"The task was one of incom
parable difficulty, hazard and
hardship' Shepherd stated.
"This includes the performance,
with outstanding competence, by
the 1st marine air wing, working
day and night to provide support
for the ground column."
All of this "has not been with
out cost," Shepherd added. He
said the three marine infantry
regiments in the 1st division
"now average less than 70 per
cent strength."
A marine spokesman wouia
not say how many marines were
involved in the action. But a
marine combat division of three
egiments numbers around 21,-
000. . v;.--' i' -.-
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Hoerstein. Germany. Dec. 12
tpi Four American GI's enter
ed a German inn here and of
fered to take on all comers. Four
Germans accepted the offer and
tossed the soldiers into tne street,
Not until they were arrested
bv American military police did
the GI's learn they had walked
into a meeting of the Hoerstein
wrestling club.
Court Enjoins
oale ot limber
. Grants Pnta rw.
the second time thi. .,-rS
Josephine county court ha
enjoined torn selling county'
A restraining order was tnJ
ed Saturday by Judge o8jgI?;1
lard upon petition of timber ttx
era who charged that the h
' yeviuus order bv ;
!onwP',imcefr " an UWe
Petitioners included HarrviJ
jell Sr., of the Terrell Lf
Interests and WUlard Spie.
bax Mills, who asked Sat
court be enjoined from any Si
ther sales until .Ton m nSPM.--
members of the present
court will not return to office e
The court was first enW)
last September following a nTf
hearing on timber
The ruling provided that theZf
must sell timber at a "reasoS
Communications
Ashwood, Dec. 13 Recent J
tivlties in this east JeffmJ
county community have bee.
aimed at gaining better telenet
communications. At a meetim
the Donny Brook Telephone com -J I
pany, which serves ranch plaw "J !
to the east . of Ashwood, it t. &
Plans call for extension ni
new long-distance line from Asil
wood to tap the Pacific Tf
pnone ana leiegrapn company
mam iruriK ai wiuowdale
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