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from day to day in th columns ol
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perature change,
CENTRAL OREGON'S DAILY NEWSPAPER
THE BEND BULLETIN, BEND, DESCHUTES COUNTY, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 28, 1945
NO. 72
Volume LIU
T
YANKS PIN
REDS
Roosevelt Returns From Yalta
Parley Inspired By Progress
Made By 'Big Three' in Talks
President Believes Armament Reductions ,
Will Be Possible, But Adds That Germany,
' Japan Must Be Kept on Trial for Long Period
Washington, Feb. 28 (UJ?) President Roosevelt returned,
today from his historic Crimea conference so inspired by the
"Big Three's" progress toward a durable peace that he could
foresee ultimate armament reduction by the major allied
fighting powers.
Bujt he feels that Germany and Japan must be on trial for
v perhaps 50 years or more before being re-admitted as equals
$to the society of nations. Meantime, they must be restrained
by force if necessary. His full report will be made to congress
at 12:30 p.m., EWT, tomorrow!
The president returned to American soil last night, land
ing at an east coast port after a 10-day voyage from Algiers
aboard a h e a v y American
Leyte Veteran
f'liuto Art tttuuio
Visiting In Bend after 30 months
of service in the Pacific is Sgt.
Harold B. Smead, who was in
charge of an anti-aircraft battery
in the war against the Japanese.
A graduate from Bend high
school, Sgt. Smead is the son of
Mrs. Lucille Smead.
Churchill Given
Confidence Vote
J "London, Feb. 28 (IP) Prime Min
ister Churchill in effect won a
396 to 25 vote of confidence in
commons today when the house
voted down an amendment by re
bellious conservatives denounc
ing the Crimea conference deci
sion on Poland.
Today's vote on the Polish
amendment compared with the
340 to 7 vote of confidence the
house gave the government after
the last war debate.
The balloting was a preliminary
to the technical vote of continence
which Churchill has demanded on
his government's part in the Cri
mea meeting of the "Big Three."
That will come late tomorrow at
the end of a three-day debate on
foreign affairs.
Churchill will take his case back
to the house tomorrow in a sec
ond speech expected to begin
.foout 3 p.m. (noon EWT). Com-r-yns
then will vote on a specific
'iuu approving ine uimea ae-
The preliminary vote defeating
the amendment followed a defense
of the government's policy by
Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden.
PublicWelfare
Figures Released
A report 0n expenditures of the
Deschutes county public welfare
commission in January was made
by Miss Olive Jameson, adminis
trator, at a luncheon meeting of
members held recently in the Pine
"l em. i ne report follows
General exnpnrtitnre.,. fi!) cases,
S2.316.23- nirt .cdcti.nn. fii
cases, S5.318-aid to the blind one!
case, S70: air) tn rtenenriVnt ehil- i
111
dren, 10 cases S768' total expedi-ibpcn
dren, 10 cases. S768; total expedi-1
tun for January. S8.51T.23.
pnn,!..i .
-".niiuMuii rnt-inutfrs uivwm
'l-e V. C. Cnvner rhnirman: B
A. Stover, O. W. Grubb. County
Judee C. L. Allen. County Com
missioners E. E. Varco and A. E.
Stevens.
FORGE NEW TRAP IN BALTIC SEA
cruiser which went within a
few miles of enemy subma
rines striking at allied ship
ping off Gibraltar. He then
proceeded to Washington by
overnight train, arriving back
in the White House early this
morning.
Long Report Beady
He had ready for congress a
lengthy report on the Crimea
meeting which he will deliver in
person on Capitol hill.
In his message to congress
which will be broadcast' simulta
neously to, the nation, Roosevelt
will tell how he, Prime Minister
Winston Churchill, Premier Josef
Stalin and their top advisers met
in the old Livadia palace of Czar
Nicolas II on the Black sea and
developed plans for a three-way
operation to squeeze the last life
out of the German military ma
chine. He will tell also how they
built the foundation of an inter
national organization which can
squelch future wars before they
start.
In news conferences aboard his
ship while coming back across the
Atlantic, the president was openly
buoyant about the achievements
of the meeting at Yalta. He looked
to the United Nations conference
at San Francisco in April to pro
duce a permanent international
organization which will have un
precedented success in keeping
the world at peace.
To Attend Parley
The president plans to attend
the San Francisco conference,
either at the start or the close of
the meeting to make what he de
scribed as a speech of greetings in
the role of host. And he expects
another meeting with Churchill
sometime after the United Nations
conference.
Roosevelt left Washington on
the night of Jan. 22. During his
36 days away from the nation's
capital, he covered about 14,000
miles which Included stops at
Malta, Russia, Egypt and Algiers.
In addition to his eight-day meet
ing with Churchill and Stalin, he
also conferred with King Farouk
of Egypt, Emperor Haile Selassie
of Ethiopia and King Ibn Saud of
Saudi Arabia. He made most of
the trip by cruiser, but flew from
Malta to Yalta, and from Yalta to
(Continued on Page 7) I
Tokyo Reports U. S. Planes Again Operating
From Clark Field; Nips Fall Back on Luzon
By William B. Dlckenton
(United PreM War Correspondent) .
Manila, Feb. 28 tut Japanese
forces fell back along a 10-mile
front in the Marakina watershed
east of Manila today under the
impact of two divisions of Ameri
can troops and swarms of bomb
ers and fighters.
Gen. Douglas MacArthur's
mounting offensive also brought
the complete destruction of Japa
nese remnants on Verde island,
off the southern tip of Luzon,
elimination of all but several
hundred enemy stragglers on
Corregidor, and new heavy aerial
blows on tne Japanese irom tor
mosa to French Indo-China.
(A Japanese uomi agency
Patch said American oomDers naa
taken lo Clark field on Lu-j
boon taken ,to Clark field on lu-i
n from Leyte and apparent y ;
Uvoro nnerat nir from the biff air-
" - " - "
drome.)
Units of the sixth Infantry di
vision paced the drive toward
Luzon's east coast and captured
.4 1- i'wwwi - -
Jittery Japs Demand Meeting
Of Parliament; Situation Bad
Protection of War Industries From Planes .
Asked; Lower House Members Are Excited
London, Feb. 28 (U.E) German reports from Tokyo said
today that members of the Japanese lower house met Tuesday
to demand a parliamentary session to consider the "present
serious war situation." .
"The lower house expects a statement by the government,
in particular with regard to war measures which have been
decided upon recently," a broadcast Transocean dispatch
datelined Tokyo said.
"In addition it was learned that the lower house will ask
for immediate concrete meas
State's Future
Topic of Dean
At Bend Dinner
Oregon has a background for
tremendous development, but
whether such development will
take place In the era just ahead
will largely depend on individual
factors and the ability of resi
dents of this state to recapture
and revitalize the spirit of the
pioneers.
Such was the prediction and
warning of Dean Victor P. Mor
ris of the University of Oregon
school of business administration
and chairman of the state com
mittee on post-war readjustment
and development, when speaking
before the annual dinner meeting
oi tne tie no cnamoeroi commerce
last night In the Pine . Tavern.
Present were approximately 75
persons, many of them chairmen
or members of chamber commit
tees who will direct Bend's des
tinies in the months which Dean
Morris predicted will be momen
tous for the entire northwest.
Problems Presented
Dean Morris prefaced his talk
with an outline of readjustment
and development problems that
will face Oregon and the north
west in the peace era, lauded
Bend on its transition program,
then declared that Oregon not
only has resources, soil, climate,
timber, water and power that will
make possible great development,
but, like the other coast states,
faces the awakening Pacific basin,
bordering countries of which hold
more than half the world's pop
ulation. But to become a part of the
awakening Pacific empire, Dean
Morris wexned, people of Oregon
must be prepared, after careful
studies, to take risks necessary
in development. He expressed a
regret that this appears to be an
era of "guarantees," and that on
every hand there is a demand for
security. That was not the spirit
of the pioneers, who, he said,
would never have gotten west of
the Mississippi if they had de
manded guarantees and security.
Careful Study Suggested
Dean Morris devoted the major
part of his talk to readjustment
problems that will face Oregon.
He advised a careful analysis and
study of the problems, and sug
gested that plans be kept flexible,
to meet changing conditions. He
advised against "blueprints" that
(Continued on Page 7)
guarantees," and that on j
of Manila, to knock a hole in the
enemy's Kobayashi line.
The southern and western slop
es oi mi. rawagan also were se
cured by the sixth division troops ,arBe quantities of enemy equip
who drove to within two miles I ment and ordnance were captured
of the east-west Montalban-Wawa lor destroyed in the lant 24 hnum
highway,
First cavalry division forces,
however, encountered fierce en
emy resistance ai Antipoio, eight
miles south of Mt Mataba and 11
east of Manila. On the far northern Luzon
The Japanese unloosed heavy j front, 25th division troops con
artillery, mortar and machine gun tinue their drive northward to
fire In a desperate defense of iward the Cagavan vallev and cao
Antipolo, whose fall would give: tured Carranglan, 13 miles north
the first division control of the east of Kan .Tnn
highway running north from La-
ais-iguna Bay to tne sixth Infantry
iront in tne nortn.
Swarms of American planes,
Swarms of American planes,
from fighters to heavy Liberator ,
homhors smart v siirirartoH h
-- . - ...v.,.,, ciitriijjr jrnnanrs at ihp
ground drive through the Marak-!
ina watershed The Liberators j
alone plastered the Japanese!
troops positions with 155 tons of
-"fa" wpwiuo, wiuic iiim-ia
ures for the protection of Jap
anese war industry and the
population in view of the re
cent large scale allied air at
tacks." Since parliament adjourned on
February 8 the Americans have
attacked the Tokyo area heavily
with Superfortresses and carrier-
borne planes.
.. New Party Duo
"It also Is expected that the gov
ernment will make clear its view
as regards the formation of a new
political unity party," Transocean
said.
Rumors of political unrest and
uncertainties In government quar
ters within Japan have been cir
culating for some days. A reor
ganization of the Japanese cabinet
has been predicted freely on the
basis of the reported strife and
the failure of the Japanese to
counter effectively the mounting
American blows.
Eight New Laws ;.
On Statute Books
Salem, Ore., Feb. 28 Ui Eight
new laws were on the statute
books today, after the governor
signed house bills into law yester
day. Included in the list of mostly
unimportant bills were the follow
ing: HB 21 outlawing the selling of
alcoholic beverages during voting
hours on election day.
HB 37 defining the practice of
optometry.
HB 373 carrying deficiency ap
propriations for institutions which
had Insufficient money during the
last biennium and money for cer
tain purposes during the next two
years.
Melvin Monical
Hurt in Action
Pvt. Melvin D. Monical, son of
Mr. and Mrs. C. V. Monical, 745
Portland avenue, has been wound
ed In action in Germany, accord
ing In a Iplmrrnm monlxjaA hr hta
parents today from the war de
partment. The telegram said that
Pvt. Monical had "been injured in
action" in enemy territory on
Feb. 10, and that details would
follow in a communication from
the hoslptal.
AIR TARGETS HIT
London, Feb. 28 U Two great
fleets of American and British
bombers teamed in heavy attacks
on rail and industrial targets in
northwest Germany today, the
16th straight day of a record air
offensive against the reich.
and attack bombers raked
enemy lines from low-level.
A communique disclosed
the
that
on tne Marakina front. They In
cluded 29 artillery pieces or vari
ous calibres, nine machine mm.
;39 caissons
1 hides.
and 138 motor ve-
bombers raided Echague airfield
in ine vaney. destrnv no-
build nes aronH ,i scven !
bU"nB.S.lr2un.'L,he alC?trlP- ..
The campaign on Corregidor1
was reduced to a mopplnTup of '
k 1 '. .
row eastern end of the Island A
spokesman said the ' remaining
Jananpse. irmH i
less than one mile rnr.iH hL
couniea in tne hundreds.'
2 Pomeranian
Centers Seized
By Red Armies
f Hundreds of Thousands
I Of Nazis May Be Held
t In Reds' Steel Circle
;
London, Feb. 28 HP) Marshal
Konstantin K. Rokossovsky's
second White. Russian army to
day captured the central Pomer
anian 'anchor base of Neustettin
in a Baltic-bound drive that threat
ened to trap hundreds of thous
ands of German troops.
Marshal Stalin issued a special
order of the day announcing the
capture of Neustettin and Freeh
lau, 24 miles to the northeast,
which he described as "Important
communications centers and
powerful strongholds In the Ger
man defense of Pomeranla."
IThe Berlin radio reported earli
er, that the German army had
evacuated Neustettin, which had
been outflanked by the Soviet
drive Into central Pomeranla.
, In Sight Of Baltic
(The British radio quoted an
unofficial report from Moscow
as saying that Russians leading
the drive across Pomeranla now
were In sight of the Baltic.)
Rokossovsky's second White
Russion army was reported driv
ing within about 25 miles of the
Baltic Sea, northwest of Neustet
tin. A thrust to the sea would
seal off eastern Pomerabia, the
Danzig free state; and the northern-part
of the old Polish cor
ridor. Moscow dispatches said Rokos
sovsky's tanks, tank-born infantry
and self-propelled guns
were
pushing across the flooded plains
or I'omerania lowara tne cauic
and rapidly narrowing the Ger-
.Soviet front dispatches said a
spring thaw in Pomeranla had
broken up the ice on many rivers
and lakes. Great patches of the;
German provinces were flooded,
' New Blow Feared
(Lt. Gen. Kurt Dittmar, spokes
man for the German high com.
mand, said Germany must expect
the Soviets to "try to strike a new
great blow as soon as at all pos
sible.")
Only 20 miles ahead of the Sov
iet vanguards lay the important'
last escape railway out of the
threatened area.
Marshal Konstantin K. Rokos
sovsky's second White Russian
army already had cut two other
railways between Danzig and the
Berlin-Stettin area in the initial
stages of its powerful thrust
through Germany's Pomeranian
defenses.
Advancing up to 44 miles in
the past four days, second army
forces under 22 generals drove a
wedge nine miles wide at Its tip
and 24 miles wide toward the
Baltic, Marshal Stalin disclosed in
an order of the day late yester
day. Red Cross Ready
For Drive Start
As campaign workers stood by
today for the beginning of the an
nual American Red Cross War
Fund drive in Deschutes county
tomorrow, Bruno Rath, county
war fund chairman, made public
some facts stressing the need for
prompt and generous response to
the call for "mercy dollars." And
a preliminary step In the cam
paign was taken when workers
distributed cards to employers
throughout the county, providing
for the immediate solicitation of
their employes.
While active county-wide solici
tation was not planned for until
the first of the week, different
chairmen were busy today organ
izing their forces. Headquarters
for the Bend drive, being spon
sored bv the Junior chamber of
commerce, will not be opened until
Monday In the chamber of com-
mnZ. n f f I. E. .2
5Sh w!l j Z. L, Z ?,h
oooms will be installed there at
booths will be installed there at
that time, and thev will be staffed
by members of the Jaycee auxil
iary Towns Make Rady
Irt' Redmond, members of the
(Continued on Page 51
fleet Planes
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Striking from new bases In the Marianas and from a task force
off shore, great fleets of U. S. planes have again blasted Tokyo, and
reports from uuam touay revealed tnat zw diocks oi tne industrial
heart of the city have been destroyed by fire. Not a bomber was lost
In the most recent raid.-
240 Blocks in Heart of Tokyo
Reported Blackened By Fire
Photographs Reveal Big Railroad Yards Also"'
Extensively Damaged By Great U. S. Air Forts
Guam, Feb. 28 (UJ?) Superfortresses apparently knocked
out Tokyo's biir Ueno railway
yards in raids which left 240
the city destvoyed by fire, reconna ssance photographs showed
today.
I t Fire started in last Sunday's B-29 raid swept across the
aiuuun. it was ueneveu me yarns were renaerea lnoperaoie,
at least temporarily when the flames had died,
The Ueno station handles approximately 300 elevated
"trains daily. It is one of the
8 Cases Whisky
.Assigned State
Approximately eight cases of
whlskVi se,zed from lwo Wash.
lngton shipyard workers as they
were Illegally transporting it
through Bend from California, to
day was in the hands of the Ore
gon state liquor commission as a
result of an order made yesterday
by Municipal Judge H. C. Ellis,
turning the contraband over. The
whisky was given by Chief of Po
lice Ken. C. Gulick to Vcrn L.
Drager, supervisor of the law en
forcement division of the liquor
control board.
Jack R. Leonard 25, of Renton,
Wash., and Jack Fred Gerard, 24,
of Kent, Wash., were arrested
here early in the morning of Feb.
8 while driving In an erratic man
ner on east Greenwood avenue.
On Investigation the whisky was
found In the car and the pair was
charged with illegal transporta
tion of alcoholic. liquor. Appear
ing before Judge Ellis, Leonard
and Gerard nleaded guilty and
were fined $30 each.
Not Confiscated
Since the whisky had not been
formally confiscated by the city
at the time of the hearing the
men were permitted to take what
thev wanted as thev continued on
their way to Washington, and
thev selected four bottles, It de
veloped todav. But police were
still mystified by the absence of
another pint bottle, which Dale
McMeen. liquor control officer for
this district, said was in the batch
when he counted it the night of
the seizure.
Submarines
Reoorted Lost
Washlnpton, Feb. 28 (tPiTbo
navy todav announced the loss of
the American submarines Shark
and Escolar. They have failed to
return from war patrols, presum
ably in the Pacific.
A total of 39 U. S. submarines
have been lost and a grand total
of 267 naval vessels of all types.
The submarines carried normnl
complements of approximately 65
men. Next of kin have been notified.
Raid Tokyo
station and freight marshalling
blocks of the industrial heart of
three largest in Tokyo.
' The photographs showed
that 240 blocks 29,074.000
square feet were burned over
after the Sunday strike. It was
the biggest raid of the war on the
Japanese capital.
Furnaces Blasted
(A Chungking dispatch today
quoted a student recently arrived
from Anshan, Manchuria, as de
claring nine out of 11 giant fur
naces at the Anshan steel works
were blasted to pieces by B-29's
striking last August).
The giant raiders blazed a trail
of flaming destruction through
Tokyo from northeast to south
west, skirting east of Emperor
Hlrohlto's palace and extending to
the waterfront.
Radio Tokyo Itself reported that
some demolition and fire bombs
fell "adjacent to" a building on
the palace grounds, as well as near
the palace of the emperor's moth
er, a mile and a half to the south
west. The burned-out area of approxi
mately 667 acres was in the most
congested industrial area of To
kyo. A 21st bomber command an
nouncement described results of
the attack as "excellent."
New Jet Propelled Fighter
May Travel 800 Miles an Hour
Washington, Feb. 28 UiThe
army today unveiled a sensation
a! new Jet-propelled fighter, the
P-80 "Shooting Star," heralded as
the fastest pursuit ship In the
skies.
The P-80 was developed by
Lockheed Aircraft Corp. in coop -
eratlon with army air force and
Royal air force technicians. Lock
heed engineers said it was faster
than any Japanese or German
plane, Including the tall-less Mes
serschmitt 163 rocket interceptor.
The exact speed was withheld
for military reasons. But the
army did permit disclosure that
It was designed for speeds ap-
proacnlng or surpassing the speed
of sound around 800 miles an
hour.
The Shooting Star, which has
neen streaking through the skies
for more than a year In secret
tests, is powered bv a new Gen.
eral Electric turbo-jet engine de
scribed as the world's most pow
erful aircraft motor.
AREA
U. S. Divisions
River Barrier
Nazis Believed Moving
Back Toward Rhine as
Allied Columns Advance
Paris, Feb. 28 (in Two Ameri
can Infantry divisions broke
through the Erft river line bare
ly seven miles from the Rhine
today and locked in a vicious bat
tle with die-hard nazl troops man
ning the outer works of Cologne.
Soldiers of the U. S. First
army's 104th and eighth divisions
rammed across the Erft on both
sides of the main Dueren-Cologne
highway and won two solid
bridgeheads on the east bank of
that last water barrier west of
the Rhine.
Only weak opposition met the
first assault troops who stormed
the river under cover of darkness
late last night, but the nazls stif
fened as the advance carried into
high ground east of the Erft.
Germans In Flight
The bulk of the German divis
ions facing the First army was
believed to have fled across the
Rhine, but strong rear guard for
mations were fighting back des-.
perately on the approaches to
Cologne from a maze oi lntenocK
ing trenches and breastworks
overlooking the Erft. ,
Field dispatches reported that
the American advance was pro
gressing steadily-although at -less
spectacular rate than in the
sweep (through the Roer-Erft cor
ridor. . .
A flood of tanks, guns and.
troops was reported moving
through the. twin bridgeheads in,
the wake of the Infantrymen, and
155-millimeter Long Toms were
pumping shellfire into Cologne.
Khine Kiver near
The dramatic breakthrough
promised to plant the First
army's battle flags on the Rhine
in a matter of days at most. It
came as Lt. Gen. William H.
Simpson's U. S. Ninth -army to
the north ripped into the western
edge of the Ruhr valley and
brought the arsenal city of Dues-
scldorf within artillery range for.
the first time.
Operating under a security
blackout ordered by Simpson
when it became apparent that
the Germans' communications had
broken down completely, the
Americans at last reports ad
mittedly 24 hours behind the bat
tle had outflanked Muenchen-
Gladbach, westernmost of the
Ruhr basin factory cities.
Unconfirmed reports credited to
German prisoners said Muenchen-
Gradbach was being evacuated.
' Resistance Stiffens
Other accounts from the front,
however, said German resistance-
was stiffening in the patn or
Simpson's armored and motor
ized infantry columns after sen
sational advances oi 10 miles or
more in the previous 24 hours.
At the same time, the Canadian
first army to the north won a
major break-through In the Sieg
fried line defenses guarding the
upper roads to the Ruhr and slam
med ahead to wit tun anout
miles of a junction with the
American Ninth army. .
An Intensive production pro
gram Is under way at the Lock
heed factories at Burbank, Calif.,
to get the P-80 to the fighting
fronts in quantity.
It is the second jet plane an
nounced by the army, the first
1 being the Bell P-59 Alracomet.
, Gen. Henry H. Arnold, army air
force chief, revealed that Jet de
velopments have been so great
that the P-59 has been relegated
to the position of a trainer.
The P-80 can be operated over
ranges comparable with modern
fighters and has thus overcome
one of the principle handicaps in
early jet designs. The airframe
was designed by Lockheed's chief
Research engineer, Clarence L
Johnson.
. The new Jet engine Is now helntr
! produced at the General Electric
i works at Svracuao ...ni v
manufactured by Allison division
of General Motors. It was devel
oped at the GE River works.
Lynn, Mass.
Sweep Across