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CENTRAL OREGON'S DAILY NEWSPAPER
Volume Ull
THE BEb4D BULLETIN. BEND, DESCHUTES COUNTY, OREGON, MONDAY, FEB. 12, 1945
NO. 58
Slight Pause for Prisoner Identification
limed
BEND:
New World- Charter
Gull
w. f 1 f . It -. r -r:. . !
TV) ir1':-:Sv. - flSS
X" ' asy -aw jeT v, ,S j V s N ' 1
German Midlers raptured by Fourth Division of General Patton's Third Army line up In raow4om?aeld
for searching and ldentlflcaton before being sent back to prisoner of waroimpT The TOrd Shu al
ready breached the West Wall on an eight-mile front hefori Pruem and wonlO crossing Tof sWand Our
River lines between Luxembourg and Germany. Photo by Charles Haacker, NBA-Acme photwpher to
War Picture Pool. . .... , ,
Konev
Russians Cross
Bober River on
20-Mile Front
Moscow Hints Big News
Due Soon From Zhukov,
Now in Front of Berlin
London, Feb. 12 OP) Moscow
reDerted unotflclallv today that
Marsha! Ivan S. Konev had en-
' circled the- Silesian capital of
Breslau, and Berlin said his troops
had broken across the Hotter river
in a sweep 35 miles beyond the
Uder.
A German military spokesman
said Konev s forces were storm'
ing a 20-mile section of the Bober,
Germany's second line of defense
in Silesia, and "now have only
two bridgeheads in the Bober sec
tor, all the remainder having been
smasned."
The Bober river battle, by nazi
account, was raging between
Bunzlau and Sporttau, and the
soviet vanguard had smashed into
uunziau, 74 miles from the Ger
man city of Dresden.
Hard Flehtlnr Reported
The German high command re
ported violent fighting on the
Bober north of Bunzlau and east
of Sagan, 25 miles to the north-west.
It claimed, however, that
counterblows had prevented a
junction of Russian forces west
of Breslau In the encirclement
maneuver reported by Moscow.
A Berlin communiaue. skirtiner
over the Oder battle before Ber
lin, said only that In this sector
"fighting of local importance only
took place, and the situation un
derwent no changes."
The spectacular break-through
by the First Ukrainian armv car-
ried within 74 miles of Dresden
by nazi account, and set the stage
for a flanking push against Ber
lin from the south if the capital's
defenses hold against Marshal
Gregory K. Zhukov's frontal on
slaught. Big News Due
United Press Correspondent
Henry Shapiro reported from
Moscow that "an important an
nouncement of Zhukov's progress
is expected soon" a possible in
dication that the soviet high com
j. mand might be about to confirm
Teports that the Russians had
broken across the Oder 30-odd
r miles east of Berlin.
(Continued on Page 3)
Berlin Under Sfate of Siege;
Nazis Readv for Death Stand
London, Feb. 12 IP Berlin
was reported under a state of
siege today and swarming with
hand-picked nazi elite guards or
dered by Adolf Hitler to defend
the capital block by block against
the red army.
A Moscow broadcast, partly
borne out by Swiss press dispatch
es and German propaganda state
ments, said Berlin had been con
verted into an armed camp,
Jammed with troops and refugees
from the east and ruled by what
v amounted to martial law.
i Quotin8 advices from Stock-
"olm, Moscow said Hitler had con-
headquarters and ordered Berlin I
uhctj a councu oi war ai nis
Q'-fended to the death, even if it
"ipant the destruction of the city.
Fifteen S3 elite guard divisions
ere reported massed in the city,
and Moscow said the nazi were
Encircles Breslau
Bloody Civil War in Greece
Ended By Compromise Treaty
Pact Grants Demands That General Election
On Question of King's Return to Be Held Soon
By James E. Roper
(United Press ffu Corrpoa6rat)
Athen, Feb. 12 (UP) A copipromise peace treaty ended the
bloody lireek civil war today. 1
Representatives of the Greek government and the rebel
lion s left-wing E.A.M.-E.LA.S.
cols to the treaty at 4:30 a.m., after an all-night 10-hour
meeting. The final treaty will
The treaty grants:
elections and a plebiscite on
return 10 ureece De neia trus
: ; '
Springfield, 111., Feb. 12 (IP)
Hundreds of persons trekked to
Abraham Lincoln shrine today to
pay tribute to the memory of the
great emancipator oh- the. 136th
anniversary of his birth. -. i -
Boy Scouts hiked the 20-mlle
Lincoln trail from New Salem to
Springfield, which the-civil war
president traveled as a young
man. .
Dr. Stanley Pargellls, librarian
of the Newberry libary in Chica
go, told the Abraham Lincoln as
sociation here that Lincoln's po
litical philosophy was one of con
servatism, but a special brand of
conservatism with a "dynamic, ex
plosive element In it."
He said Lincoln was neither a
theorist or a planner, but believed
In expediency and plain words.
Wisdom Sound
"Lincoln's political wisdom," he
added, "is as sound in its main
lines for the fifth or the 20th cen
turies as for his own."
The state historical library an
nounced it had obtained a signed
cony of the 13th (emancipation)
amendment and that it now is a
part of the library's collection.
The amendment, which reads
that "neither slavery nor involun
tary servitude, except as punish
ment for crime," shall exist in the
United States, was ratified by Illi
nois Feb. 1, 1865.
BOCK BREAKS SHIELD
Jack D.empsey, 1810 East Third
street, today had reported to po
lice that someone had thrown a
rock through the windshield of his
automobile while it was parked in
the family driveway.
evacuating civilians from the east
ern suburbs by force, mining the
roads and transforming hundreds
of homes into pillboxes.
Guarding against a possible up
rising in the city, the nazis were
said to have imposed a rigid 8 p.m.
to 5 a.m. curfew on the city and
to have started a roundup oi sus
pected traitors.
Moscow also asserted that the
Spree river bridges Inside Berlin
were being mined and that hun
dreds of thousands of Berliners
were working on fortifications on
the city's eastern approaches.
The capital's population, which
dropped to 3,000,000 or less dur-
ing the heaviest allied air raids
was said to have been swollen to
about 4,200,000 through the arri
val of refugees from the east, add
ing to the city's looa ana nousing
shortages.
On 136th Birthday
sismed the preliminary proto
be signed at 2 :30 P.M. '
E.A.M.-EX.A.S. demands that general
the question of King George's
year, dui exciuaes tne b.a.m.
E.L.A.S. from the government
at least until after the elec
tions.
Before, the outbreak of the
civil war Dec. 3, E.A.M. (na
tional liberation front) held
seven Cabinet posts.
The- treaty provides for dis
armament of the E.L.A.S., mili
tary arm of the E.A.M., bv Mar. 15
and .distinguishes between com
mon crimes and political offenses
in any trials of E.A.M. E.L.A.S.
followers. - -
. ... Provisions Outlined
1 Government employes who par
ticipated In the recent fighting or
collaborated with the Germans
during the years of nazi occupa
tion will be discharged under an
other provision 'of the treaty.
The preliminary protocols were
signed at a seaside villa at Var
kiza, near Athens, where peace
negotiations had been under way
since Feb. 2 under a truce ar
ranged by the British commander
in Greece, Lt. Gen. Ronald Scobie.
Harold Macmillan, British cabi
net minister resident in the Medi
terranean area, and Reginald
Leeper, British ambassador to
Greece, were summoned to the
final meeting and witnessed the
signing.
The civil war was touched off
by the refusal of E.L.A.S. to turn
In the arms with which it helped
to defeat the Germans on the
grounds that the government gen
darmerie and national gaard re
tained their weapons.
Lincoln's Birthday
Observed in Bend
Bend residents today paid trib
ute to the memory of Abraham
Lincoln on the occasion of the
136th anniversary of his birth.
The American flag fluttered In
the blustery weather on the
downtown streets, and the colors
were displayed in the windows of
many uena nomes.
In observance of the occasion.
the banks, courthouse and offices
of the state highway department
were closed for the day. But busi
ness was transacted as usual in
federal offices, the postof flee and
at the city hall.
Former Islands
Now Only "Dots"
Tokyo, Feb. 12 nP Tokyo radio
said that Japanese garrisons of
by-passed Rabaul, the Gilberts,
the Solomons, arid New Guinea
are "In as high spirits as ever."
"Those Islands which in the en
emy hands are merely dots and
points In the vast Pacific and the
Japanese officers and men with
immovable belief in final victory
are ever ready to offer their posi
tions as Important bases when
once again the golden opportunity
starting the Japanese offensive
comes," Tokyo stated.
At Epochal Black S
Fortress of Copgidor Under
Fierce Attack Yank Airmen
Soften Up 'Rqk' for Landing
In Manila, Hard Hittinej Cavalrymen Break
Open Nippon Defenses,; and End of Fighting
In City Appears Near; ; Jap Troops Blasted
' By Francis McCarthy
(United Proa Wi Correspondent)
Manila, Feb. 12 (UP) The fortress of Corregidor in Ma
nila harbor, where Gen. -Douglas Mac Arthur's Americans
made their last stand against the Japanese, rocked today
under the heaviest saturation bombing attack yet launched in
the Pacific. ; .
For nearly a week the Japanese anti-aircraft guns on the
rocky fortresses have been silent, presumably knocked out by
American bombs.
The terrific air attack,
American landing, came as
umns splintered the Japanese
columns in southern Manila.
The Japanese were cut into
scores of isolated pockets and
infantry patrols were sweep
ing down burning streets to
destroy them.
In the last 48 hours more than
500 bombing sorties have been
flown against Corregidor and
southern Bataan. Nine hundred
tons of bombs have been dropped,
200 tons on Corregidor alone. In
one attack 25 barges laden with
Japanese troops were caught off
the eastern Bataan coast and de
stroyed with an estimated 2,500
troops. It was possible these Japar
nose were fleeing Corregidor for
the Bataan coast.
Defenses Shattered .'
Hard-hitting armored units of
the U. S. First cavalry division
broke open the Japanese defenses
Saturday with two quick thrusts
across the Pasig river on the east
side of Manila. One column drove
south toward Fort McKinley while
the second wheeled westward to
link up with doughboys of the
37th Infantry division in the Pan-
dacan district. i.
The sudden breakthrough prom
ised to close out the bloody street
battle for Manila In short order.
After eight days of fanatical re
sistance, the Japanese were break
ing up into small suicide squads,
most of them cut off from all con
tact with their commanders and
facing almost certain death or
surrender in a matter of days at
the most.
Probably the strongest remain
ing Japanese positions were
around Fort McKinley on the
southeastern outskirts of the cap
ital and in the old walled city on
Manila bay. Elsewhere through
out the southern half of the citv.
smaii groups oi enemy troops,
some of them equipped with mor
tars and artillery, were holed up
behind street barricades and In
ruined buildings under heavy at
tack from all sides. The first
cavalry forced the Pasig river In
amphibious tanks early Saturday
morning, crossing Just beyond the
capital's eastern outskirts. Ad
vancing rapidly southward, the
American reached Nielsen airfield
a mile southeast of the city limits
and Just north of Fort McKinley.
mver irossea
A few hours later, a second ar
mored spearhead crossed the river
a half-mile to the west, near the
Santa Ana race track, quickly
mopped up Japanese resistance in
the area and pushed westward to
Join the 37th.
The 37th division's advanced
spearheads alreadv were more
than a mile south of the Pasig at
iununueu on rage 3)
" :
VVvv33r Manila Bay Cavtte J
slpiMh CORREGIDOR i5p:
Corregidor, the tiny island that commands entrance to Manila's harbor and on which tha last bloody chap
ter of American defeat was written In 1942, Is undergoing a terrific hammering from bombs of American
planes and, according to Tokyo radio, hat been under bombardment from U. 8. warships. This map graphi
cally Illustrates tha strategic location of the "Rock," the recapture of which la necessary to bring ships and
supplies Into the vital harbor.
rr1 VS. V
t " - j-t
'
softening up Corregidor for an
American tank and infantry col
: : ; :
Yamashita Sure
Mac Is in Trap
. (By United Preei)
vGen. Tomoyukl Yamashita, re
suming his rhetorical offensive
against Gen. Douglas MacArthur,
said Monday: "The enemy Is now
at long last in our hands."
: Yamashita was quoted today In
a Philippines front line Domel
dispatch, broadcast by Tokyo ra
dio and recorded by United Press,
Ban Francisco. He said: ' ....
"The enemy is now at long last
in our nanus, ine American in
vaders desiring speedy occupation
of Manila released wild bandit
troops into the city, allowing
them to carry on plunder and
arson.
Americans Blamed
' "Due to the enemy wanton
bombing, the city has turned. Into
a veritable sea of fire and one
million citizens are now on the
verge of starvation.
"At last Douglas MacArthur Is
in my iron trap. I have been chas
ing the enemy's commander all
over the southern seas area and
each time he has slipped away
from me.
"This time it will be different
and my pleasure of a face to face
meeting will be realized.
Sergeant Bechen
Listed Missing
Staff Sgt. Haarby Bechen.
32,
who was serving with a reconnais
sance unit of General Alexander
Patch's armv in France, has been
missing In action since January 25,
his sisters, Mrs. Sid Conklin of
Bend, Rt. 2, tmd Miss Eleanor
Bechen, of Bend, have been noti
fied. A brother, John Bechen, for
merly of Bend, lives in El Centra,
Calif.
Sgt. Bechen went overseas In
March, and was wounded by
shrapnel during the siege of
Cherbourg, on the Normandy
front, in June. After recuperating
in an English hospital, he returned
to front line action as the Ameri
can troops pressed toward Ger
many. Sgt. Bechen, a graduate from
Oregon State college, was origin
ally with the ski troops.
DESIGNATE MEETING
(Br United Frees)
The Black sea meeting of the
lilg
Three" has been officially
designated
tne Crimea comer-
ence
Corregidor Key to Manila
Big 3 Agree on Plans
For Nazis' Surrender;
Conference Concluded
Washington, Feb. 12 HIE)
on plans for enforcing unconditional surrender terms on
Germany, the calling of a
world security organization
meetings or. their foreign secretaries.
This was announced in a communique issued by the White
House. It said the meeting lasted eight days and was held in
the Russian Crimea. The meeting has now been concluded.
The communique of the "Big Three" lodked like a virtual
world charter.
President Roosevelt, Prime
mier Josef Stalin also agreed
Poland to be called the Polish provisional government of
national unity.
Their joint communique declared that in the future the
three big powers will "immediately consult" on problems aris
ing in any European liberated state or former axis satellite.
Occupation Plana Made
Plans for occupation and control of Germany were agreed
upon. '
They provide control by the Big Three powers, but France
will be invited to take over a zone of occupation and become
a fourth member of a central control commission.
SAN FRANCISCO
Washington, Feb. 12 (U.P.) The conference of
all United Nations to prepare a charter for a world
security organization will
beginning; Anril 25.
President Roosevelt. Prime Minister Churchill and
Premier Stalin announced
would be invited to join the "Big Three" in issuing in
vitations to the meeting; k 'T - ' , ', 'v
r This was reo-arded aa
purposes of postwar International, security the "Big
Three would become the
The commission will have
include representatives of all
The communique, six pages long, was divided into nine
sections.
The first, devoted to the military aspects of the conference,
said that the "Big Three" meeting had been "most satisfactory
from every point of view" and had resulted in an interchange
of the fullest information.
It promised "new and even
launched by the United Nations armies and air forces into the
heart of Germany from the east, west, north und south,
Germany Held Doomed
"Nazi Germany is doomed." the communiaue snid.
"The German people will only make the cost of their defeat
heavier to themselves by attempting to continue a hopeless
resistance."
The communique revealed that the three leaders had
solved the major unfinished business of the Dumbarton Oaks J
world organization conference
but trave no details of the
The text of the proposals
nounced as soon as China and
The "Big Three" agreed that the full United Nations
conference to set up the world organization should meet at
San Francisco on April 25.
The communiaue said that
ated in Poland as a result of
red army" and called for establishment of a more broadly
based provisional government in that country. It proposed
reorganization of the provisional government which is now
functioning in Poland on a
the inclusion of democratic
from Poles abroad."
Frontiers DlxcusHcd
The three leaders said they considered that the eastern
frontier of Poland should follow the Curzon line "with digres
sions from it in some regions of five to eight kilometers in
favor of Poland." They recognized that Poland must receive
substantial territory in the north and west as compensation.
The Curzon line would give
Polish territory.
YALTA MEETING PLACE
London, Feb. 12 (Itf The big
three conference was held at
Yalta, picturesque resort on the
Black sea coast oi Crimea, It was
revealed tonight.
Harbor
ft
The "Big Three" have agreed
United Nation's conference on
problems, and future quarterly
Minister Churchill and Pre
to form a new government for
MEETING PLACE
be held in San Francisco,
'
that China and France
an indication: that for the
tsig r ive. .
headquarters in Berlin and will
the big powers. ...
more powerful blows" to be
the voting procedure question
solution.
on voting procedure will be an
France have beericonsulted
a new situation had been cre
,-her "complete liberation by the
broader democratic basis with
leaders from Poland itself and
Russia a substantial amount ot
Parachute Saves
Life of Airman
21st Bomber Command Head
quarters, Guam, Feb. 12 (Via
Navy Radio) (Ui Lt. Harry H.
KUtncr Of New York City, flying
on a Superfort strike against the i
iaKajima aircnat piani, owes nis,
life to his parachute but he
didn't ball out.
A bullet from a Japanese fight
er plane entered Kutner's plane,
pierced the armor plate protect
ing him, plowed through his para
chute and merely pricked his
skin.
Japs Tear Down
Perry Memorial
Tokyo, Feb. 12 UP) The Yoko
hama monument commemorating
the landing of American Commo
dore Matthew C. Perry on Japa
nese soil in 1853 was torn down
Thursday by members of the Im
perial rule assistance youth corps,
the Japanese Domel agency re
ported today.
The dispatch, reported by the
FCC, said It was replaced by a
monument to "stimulate the spir
it to defend the fatherland."
NaziWestwall
Anchor Seized
icans
Patrols Probe at Foe
Defenses on Bank of
River; Flood Released
Paris, Feb. 12 IP Allied armies
crushed the lastorganized German
resistance in Kleve and Pruem to
day, virtually completing the con.
quest of the keystone bases of the
Siegfried line.
Front dispatches reported the
clearing of Kleve, northern an
chor of the nazi west wall, except
for Isolated snlpers.and the break-
up of the last pocket or opposition
in fruem, transport nup on tne
approaches to the Rhineland.
Lt. uen. George s. fatton s
U. S. "Third army fought all the
way through Pruem, and Lt. Gen.
H. D. G. Crearar's Canadian First
army chopped up the last German
toe-nom in Kleve.
Armies Push Forward
Both armies were pushing on
beyond their secured objectives.
The Canadians reached Hau, a
mile and a half southeast of Kleve
on the road to Goch. The Ameri
cans seized a commanding ridge
beyond Pruem. .
. After clearing Kleve In a 36
hour battle, the Canadians pushed ,
on under heavy clouds dripping
occasional rain. On the south edge
qf the Relchswald they. jCaptuVed
the town of Hekken, six miles
southwesth of Kleve. North of the
town they reached the Grelthau
sen railway.
Between the besieged bases, pa
trols of the American First army
probed the German defenses on .
the east bank of the Roer river
south of Dueren. They found the
east bank heavily defended.
As the battle of Kleve moved
toward its climax, the Canadians
captured the neighboring town of
Gennep in the offensive aimed at
the industrial Ruhr.
Good Gains Made
Fighting under low rain clouds
that grounded their air support,
veteran Canadian, English and
Scottish Infantrymen were slug
ging through a 12-mlle breach in
the toughest German defenses
covering the industrial Ruhr val
ley. -
Field dispatches said British
shock troops had broken through
the dense Reich forest between
Gennep and Kleve and were driv
ing down on the Siegfried line
stronghold of Goch against steadily-stiffening
German resistance. '
More than 100 miles to the
south, Lt. Gen. George S. Patton's
American Third army forces
fought their way Into another
west wall bastion at Pruem and
cleared more than half the town
after a sharp street fight. At last
reports, only scattered nazi rear
guards remained In the town, one
of the main supply and communi
cations points for the central sec
tor of the Siegfried line.
Itlvcr on Rampage
Between the Canadian and U. S.
Third army fronts, the battle for
the Roer dams lulled momentarily
following the Germans' partial
success In blowing up the
Schwammaneul dam floodgates.
For more than 20 miles north-'
ward the Roer had overflowed Its
banks, pinning the waiting Amer
ican Ninth and British Second
armies to their positions on the
west side of the river north and
south of Aachen.
The flood fell far short of the
15-foot tidal wave that had been
expected to follow the breaching
nf thp Hopr rinmn. nnH U inwir,
Pd that the Germans at best had
brought a few days' breathing
space before the Anglo-American
armies launch their promised of
fensive. Migrant Workers
Ask Gas Service
Portland, Ore., Feb. 12 HP)
Some war workers leaving the
Portland area are accused of, ex
pecting what almost amounts to
"curb service" by local gasoline ra
tioning boards, according to Fred
eric F. Janney, district OPA ex
ecutive. Many boards have complained
that entire families have appeared
at board offices demanding extra
Issuance of gasoline rations, even
bringing their ears, in some cases,
packed with household effects.
OPA officials here report that
the number of persons leaving the
area apparently is increasing.
By Amer