EAT, DRINK & EXPLORE
East Oregonian
C4
Saturday, January 12, 2019
BORDER PATROL IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Museum opens
a world on an
evolving agency
By RUSSELL
CONTRERAS
Associated Press
EL PASO, Texas — For
many Mexican-Americans
living near the U.S.-Mex-
ico border, the U.S. Border
Patrol was viewed as a fed-
eral government agency to
be feared. Its agents might
raid the factory where you
worked, question your cit-
izenship status at check-
points, and detain you if
an agent thought you were
in the country illegally or
were hiding drugs.
To some Latinos, the
work of the U.S. Border
Patrol seemed racialized.
A museum dedicated to
the history of the U.S. Bor-
der Patrol seeks to give
a more complex view of
a once unknown agency
that rose from obscurity to
become one of the nation’s
most powerful arms of
law enforcement. The pri-
vately funded museum in
El Paso, Texas — near one
of the busiest U.S. ports of
entry — attempts to piece
together its history as the
nation’s views on immi-
gration, travel and border
security have changed.
Using photos, artifacts,
newspaper clippings and
even movie posters, the
U.S. Border Patrol Museum
explores the story from the
agency’s formation — to
fight Chinese immigration
and enforce Prohibition —
to its current role at a time
of massive migration, cartel
drug smuggling and politi-
cal skirmishes.
Museum visitors learn
about some of the chal-
lenges agents faced over
the years, from rudimentary
equipment to lack of juris-
AP Photo/Russell Contreras
A vintage U.S. Border Patrol vehicle sits in a museum for the border patrol in El Paso, Texas.
diction. Mounted horsemen
and poorly assembled vehi-
cles gave way to high-tech
helicopters and surveillance
accessories as expectations
of the agency increased.
Visitors can even jump
into a retired helicopter and
an all-terrain vehicle.
The evolution of the bor-
der-patrol uniform alone
— from something resem-
bling the mythic Old West
lawman to today’s heavily
armed agent in a post-Sept.
11 world — shows how the
agency became profession-
alized over a century.
Also on display are a
rope ladder used by an
alleged smuggler to climb
over a border wall, and
tools from an underground
tunnel discovered in San
Luis, Arizona.
There’s a raft made out
Disneyland raising prices
ahead of Star Wars park
LOS ANGELES (AP) —
Disneyland Resort is raising
prices ahead of the sched-
uled opening of a Star Wars-
themed expansion, with the
cheapest daily ticket costing
more than $100.
Less than a year ago,
prices were raised by up to
18 percent. The prices that
took effect Sunday for tick-
ets, annual passes and park-
ing represent increases of up
to 25 percent.
The Los Angeles Times
reports price increases in
recent years haven’t thinned
the throngs at Disney-
land and nearby California
Adventure Park.
A one-day, one-park
ticket is now $104 for
low-demand days, such as
May weekdays. Tickets for
regular- and peak-demand
days are more.
More
visitors
are
expected for this summer’s
opening of “Star Wars: Gal-
axy’s Edge.”
Spokeswoman Liz Jaeger
says the resort offers a vari-
ety of tickets while helping
manage demand and spread
visitation.
The least expensive one-
day ticket to Disney World
in Florida is $109.
AP Photo/Russell Contreras
U.S. Border Patrol uniforms throughout the years are on
display at a museum dedicated to the border patrol in El Paso,
Texas.
of scrap metal, tire tubes
and blue canvas used by
Cuban migrants attempt-
ing to land in Florida.
(Interestingly, the raft’s
exhibit is called “Voyage
to Freedom,” while exhib-
its about immigration from
Mexico focus on border
enforcement).
Congress created the
U.S. Border Patrol in 1924,
and the agency slowly grew
as its mission transformed.
Emmanuel Avant “Dogie”
Wright and a handful of
others were some of the
first agents hired to guard
nearly 2,000 miles of the
southern border.
Kelly Lytle Hernandez,
a University of California,
Los Angeles history profes-
sor and author of “Migra!:
A History of the U.S. Bor-
der Patrol” (University of
California Press, 2010),
says that initially there were
no restrictions on Mexican
immigration because U.S.
agricultural growers wanted
a steady stream of work-
ers. That, of course, would
change.
For the most part, the
museum does a fair job of
explaining the agency’s
metamorphosis. However,
it downplays the corruption
and mismanagement of its
early days, and its role in
discriminating against Mex-
ican-Americans along the
border that federal courts
were forced to halt thanks
to various challenges.
For example, in 1992 a fed-
eral judge ruled that the U.S.
Border Patrol had violated
the rights of Mexican-Amer-
ican students at Bowie High
School in El Paso by repeat-
edly stopping them to ask
about citizenship status. The
border patrol was forced to
change some of its tactics and
focus on aggressive patrols
along the El Paso area, forc-
ing migrants to change their
routes to the more unforgiv-
ing Arizona desert.
There also are some
surprises.
Documents and photos
illustrate the role the U.S.
Border Patrol played in the
Civil Rights Movement. In
1962, for example, Attorney
General Robert Kennedy
requested that 300 border
patrol agents come to sup-
port U.S. Marshals work-
ing to ensure that black stu-
dent James Meredith be
allowed to enroll at the pre-
viously segregated Univer-
sity of Mississippi. Vio-
lence ensued, and 77 Border
Patrol agents were injured.
A wall honors agents
killed in the line of duty. In
the early days, most of those
agents were white. By the
1990s, most of those killed
were Hispanic.
The U.S. Border Patrol
Museum receives no fed-
eral funding and operates on
donations. It’s an excellent
introduction to an agency
that remains little known
to most Americans, beyond
soundbites and quick images
on cable news.
Global airlines association warns of potential Brexit impact
DUBAI, United Arab
Emirates (AP) — Disrup-
tions to air travel are pos-
sible if Britain leaves the
European Union in March
without a deal, the head of
the leading association for
airlines around the world
warned Thursday.
Alexandre de Juniac,
director general and CEO
of International Air Trans-
port Association, said the
risk to traffic flow is partly
under control after the
announcement of contin-
gency plans.
However, he voiced
concerns about the possi-
bility of some disruption
that could involve flight
adjustments and cancella-
tions in the period after a
so-called “no-deal” Brexit
because current guide-
lines relating to air travel
between Britain and the
EU reflect 2018 traffic lev-
els. Passenger traffic is
projected to grow 5.5 per-
cent in Europe this year.
“I am not concerned
that there will be a major
disruption, but I am con-
cerned that there will be
disruptions in the com-
ing weeks, in the coming
months because it has not
been calibrated properly,”
de Juniac told reporters in
Dubai.
With less than three
months to Brexit day on
March 29, Britain has yet
to agree on terms for its
withdrawal from the EU,
raising fears that the coun-
try could leave the bloc
without a deal to ease the
transition to a new future
relationship— a scenario
that could see serious dis-
locations to trade.
Even if a deal is secured,
Brexit will involve the
country leaving around
750 international treaties,
among them arrangements
governing the EU’s avia-
tion market. The British
government has said that
following Brexit it wants
arrangements with other
countries to allow air travel
to continue unimpeded.
U.K. Transport Secre-
tary Chris Grayling told
the House of Commons on
Thursday that there would
be no disruption to flights
in the event of a no-deal
Brexit. The Civil Aviation
Authority was working on
creating a “properly func-
tional British alternative,”
he said.
AMERICA’S TEST KITCHEN
Dress up your banana bread with nuts, spices or chocolate
Banana bread
America’s Test Kitchen/Daniel J. van Ackere
Banana bread as it appears in the “Complete Cookbook for Young Chefs.”
O
ne of the best ways
to serve banana
bread is with toasted
nuts. Toasting nuts in the
oven makes them taste bet-
ter. Spread the nuts out on
a rimmed baking sheet and
heat the nuts in a 350 F oven
until you can smell them,
which takes about 5 minutes.
Once the nuts cool, chop and
stir them into the batter for
any cake, cookie, muffin or
quick bread. Follow this rec-
ipe with your kids.
Servings: 10
Start to finish: 1 hour 15 minutes, plus
cooling time
Prepare Ingredients:
Vegetable oil spray
2 cups all-purpose flour
3/4 teaspoon baking soda
1/2 teaspoon salt
3 very ripe bananas (skins should be
speckled black)
3/4 cup sugar
2 large eggs
6 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted
and cooled
1/4 cup plain yogurt
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Gather Cooking Equipment
8 1/2-by-4 1/2-inch metal loaf pan
2 bowls (1 medium, 1 large)
Whisk
Large fork or potato masher
Rubber spatula
Toothpick
Oven mitts
Cooling rack
Cutting board
Chef’s knife
Start Cooking!
Adjust oven rack to middle position
and heat oven to 350 F. Spray bottom and
sides of 8 1/2-by-4 1/2-inch metal loaf
pan with vegetable oil spray.
In medium bowl, whisk together flour,
baking soda, and salt.
Peel bananas and place in large bowl.
Use large fork or potato masher to mash
bananas until broken down but still
chunky.
Add sugar, eggs, melted butter,
yogurt, and vanilla to bowl with bananas
and whisk until combined.
Add flour mixture and use rubber spat-
ula to gently stir until just combined and
no dry flour is visible. Do not overmix—
batter should look thick and chunky.
Use rubber spatula to scrape batter into
greased loaf pan and smooth top.
Place loaf pan in oven. Bake until
banana bread is golden brown and tooth-
pick inserted in center comes out clean,
about 55 minutes.
Use oven mitts to remove banana
bread from oven (ask an adult for help).
Place loaf pan on cooling rack and let
banana bread cool in pan for 15 minutes.
Use oven mitts to carefully turn loaf
pan on its side and remove banana bread
from pan. Let banana bread cool on cool-
ing rack for at least 1 hour. Transfer to
cutting board, slice, and serve.
Make It Your Way
Dress up banana bread with nuts,
spices, citrus zest, or chocolate.
— Nutty Banana Bread
Stir 1/2 cup walnuts, toasted and
chopped, into batter along with flour
mixture.
— Chocolate Chip Banana Bread
Stir 1/2 cup mini chocolate chips into
batter along with flour mixture.