Page 6A
TV TIME
East Oregonian
Friday, November 25, 2016
Wild turkeys that vanished in 1800s return to New England
By WILSON RING
Associated Press
John Hall/Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department via AP
In this circa 1970 photo provided by the Vermont Fish
& Wildlife Department, game warden Ross Hoyt, left,
and biologist Joseph Artmann release a wild turkey in
Saxtons River, Vt., at a time when they were almost
gone from the Vermont countryside.
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November 25, 2016
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T
here’s a
‘She was
mild-mannered
applauded for
warrior in the
advocating a new
front lines of the
immigration policy.’
propaganda wars.
‘She was criticized
for advocating a new
Kylie Peters,
immigration policy.’
a librarian in the
“These both make
Chicago area, has
sense, so in this case,
been concerned
Aisha
about the rise of
Sultan ‘advocating’ is a
neutral description.”
so-called “fake
Parents Talk Back
One of Peters’
news”: deliberately
most critical tips?
false stories made to
“Don’t use Google search
appear factual, designed to
rankings as an indicator
sway public opinion.
“Librarians are the original of accuracy!” To drive the
point home, she shared this
search engine,” said Peters,
example: “I just Googled
who works at Geneva Public
Library in suburban Chicago. ‘Martin Luther King Jr.’ and
the fourth result was a white
A recent analysis showed
supremacist site. We don’t
that fake or hoax stories got
know Google’s algorithm
more reader engagement on
for search results,” she
Facebook than real news
says, and even if someone
stories during the last three
figured it out, the algorithm is
months of the election.
“People think they don’t
constantly changing.
need libraries because of
“The more a site is linked
Google. In fact, they need us
to by other sites and shared on
more than ever to help them
social media, the more likely
combat information overload, it is to be high on the results
and sort and evaluate the
page. Your results may be
current glut of information,”
affected by your location and
Peters wrote in a recent
by your previous searches.
Facebook post. She shared
Sites portraying a subject
strategies for identifying
positively tend to appear
false information and biases,
at the top of the page, and
noting that biases are not
negatively, at the bottom.”
always bad — as long as you Business considerations are at
know what they are.
play, too: “Google owns a lot
Here are her tips for
of products, and it pushes its
helping your children learn
own properties to the top of
how to distinguish facts from the search results.
fiction or propaganda online:
“Website owners know
“Your first stop when you
you’re most likely to click
visit an unfamiliar website
one of the top five search
should be the ‘about’ page. Is results. There are a lot of
the information there neutral? tricks people will use to
Why does this website exist?
make their Google search
Who funds the site? Who
rankings go up. For example,
owns it? Who runs it? What
by artificially increasing the
are that person or people’s
number of links to their site
goals? Are contributors paid? or by showing search engines
What is the submission
different data from what they
process for content? All of
show human visitors. Google
these can be clues about both
tries to catch spam and stop
accuracy and biases.
manipulation of its system,
“Scroll to the very bottom but it’s an ongoing war.”
of the page and look at who
Think you and your child
owns the copyright. Is it an
are ready to spot the fake
individual? A business? A
news from the real? Try this
smaller division of a large
test: Google the phrase “Save
business? What makes this
the Pacific Northwest Tree
site qualified to provide
Octopus” and click on the site
accurate information on the
that comes up first.
topic the site covers?
“Can you identify the
“Does the website cite
clues that this is not a reliable
its sources? Are the sources
website?” Peters asks.
reliable? Does it link to
“Even better, show the site
reliable sites?”
to someone who doesn’t
Peters encourages readers
know about it and see if
to get context clues from a
they believe it. This site was
site’s domain name — “sites
specifically designed to teach
that end in .gov are from the
students digital literacy, and
U.S. government, while .edu
has some built-in clues to
is an educational institution”
help you identify it as false
— and reminds them to trust
information.”
their guts. If a site looks
Identifying reliable
unprofessional, it probably is. websites and sources “may
“Look at graphic design.
sound like a lot of work, but it
Your instincts are right
becomes quick and easy once
on this one: Poor graphic
you’ve had some practice,”
design may be an indicator
says Peters.
of low-quality material. The
Other librarians added
same goes for material with
their own tips to her
lots of grammar and spelling
suggestions. One mentioned
errors, exclamation points
“triangulation,” meaning
and capital letters.”
“visiting at least three sites to
It gets trickier when it
verify the facts.”
comes time to evaluate the
If you do get
content itself. Keep an eye
overwhelmed, Peters reminds
out for this kind of language,
you that librarians are there
Peters says:
to help.
“Watch for ‘bias words’
“If you haven’t been to
that indicate emotion, opinion your local library lately, you
or slant, or linguistic tricks to
should go,” she says. “It’s
make things sound a certain
probably a lot cooler than you
way. Unbiased words will be
think.”
neutral, and will make sense
■
when used in both a positive
Aisha Sultan is a St. Louis-
and a negative sentence. For
based journalist who studies
example:
parenting in the digital age.
KVEW
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(31)
PBS
Teaching kids to
recognize fake news
6 AM
STATION
provided by Vermont Fish
and Wildlife. The area was
considered ideal because of
the combination of forests and
farm fields littered with cow
corn.
Within a year, the popu-
lation was estimated at 150.
By 1973, the population
had rebounded enough for a
limited hunting season in the
area where they were first
released.
In 1977 and 1978, the
Maine Department of Inland
Fisheries and Wildlife released
41 birds from Vermont in
the towns of York and Eliot
as part of a yearslong resto-
ration effort. Within a few
years, Maine biologists were
catching and releasing their
birds in other parts of the state.
Now they’re found in all 16
Maine counties.
New Hampshire began
its turkey restoration in the
1970s. Now there are an
estimated 35,000 to 45,000
statewide.
setts, turkeys are so common
some have turned aggressive
toward people who feed them.
In Vermont, flocks of 200
or 300 turkeys can damage
farmers’ grain bunkers by
eating the feed intended for
cattle and fouling the rest with
their droppings, Scott said.
Vermont’s native turkey
population was wiped out in
the 19th century because of
habitat loss caused by farming
practices that clear cut forests
from much of the state. In the
1850s, only about 25 percent
of Vermont was forested.
Unsuccessful efforts to
restore partially domesticated
turkeys were made in the
middle of the 20th century.
In the 1960s, a Vermont
biologist who once worked
in New York developed a
program that brought the 31
turkeys that had been trapped
in New York’s Alleghany and
Steuben counties to Pawlet
and Hubbardton, according
to a history of the program
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PARENTS TALK BACK
Canada and Germany.
“I think people like to see
turkeys whether they hunt
them or not,” said Scott, whose
agency oversees Vermont’s
spring and fall turkey hunting
seasons.
The turkey revival is not
PREMIUM
one end of the state to the
other, Scott said.
Vermont has also helped
other states in the region and
beyond restore or build their
populations, sending turkeys
to places including Maine,
Rhode Island, New Jersey,
NIGHT OWL
STATION
PBS ABC NBC CBS FOX
MONTPELIER, Vt. —
Wild turkeys, once common
across New England, are
back after disappearing from
the region in the 19th century
and are now regularly spotted
in rural fields, suburban
neighborhoods and even
the airspace above interstate
highways.
The revival is considered
one of the major wildlife
restoration success stories,
even making it into wildlife
management textbooks, said
Mark Scott, director of wild-
life for the Vermont Depart-
ment of Fish and Wildlife.
The revival of the birds
in Vermont grew from the
release of turkeys in Rutland
County during the winters of
1969-70 and 1970-71. A total
of 31 were released during
that time. The state now has
a population estimated at
45,000 to 50,000 birds, from
just a New England phenom-
enon.
Wild turkeys are now
found in all U.S. states except
Alaska, said Pete Muller,
public relations manager for
the National Wild Turkey
Federation, which is trying to
maintain and expand turkey
habitats across the country.
“When you think about
this particular time of year,
Thanksgiving, most people
will think of turkeys,” said
Muller, who estimates the
national turkey population is
around 6 million.
He said it’s unclear whether
turkeys were actually part of
the original Thanksgiving held
by the Pilgrims in what is now
Plymouth, Massachusetts.
“Whether there were
actually turkeys there or not,
the American wild turkey is
cemented into this country’s
history,” Muller said.
Now, not far from the site
of that original Thanksgiving,
in Foxborough, Massachu-
11
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