Page 6A
TV TIME
East Oregonian
Friday, August 26, 2016
Auto, technology industries clash over talking cars
Associated Press
AP Photo/Paul Sancya, File
In this 2015 ile photo, a pedestrian crosses in
front of a vehicle as part of a demonstration
at Mcity on its opening day on the University of
Michigan campus in Ann Arbor, Mich.
PBS ABC NBC CBS FOX
FCC
Commissioner
Jessica Rosenworcel derided
V2V as a turn-of-the-century
technology at a forum on the
matter earlier this year. “For
15 years we haven’t substan-
tially deployed a thing in this
band with respect to auto
safety,” she said, calling for
more “eficient” use of the
spectrum.
As the airwaves grow
more congested with trafic
such as video chat and
streaming, new, unreserved
swaths of spectrum are
seen as key to creating the
“wider pipe” needed to meet
demand.
Automakers say they’re
willing to share the spec-
trum, but only if it won’t
cause V2V signals to be
dropped or slowed. The
safety signals need to
transmit 10 times faster than
a typical cellphone call and
be 100 percent reliable. The
FCC plans to test proposals
to share the airwaves.
August 26, 2016
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NEW YORK — Health
oficials warn that electronic
cigarettes and other vaping
devices are poisoning kids
with nicotine. But new
research suggests that most
teens aren’t vaping nicotine
at all but using sweet and
fruity lavors like strawberry,
chocolate cake and bubble
gum.
Only a fraction of young
vapers were inhaling nico-
tine, a nationwide survey
showed. The majority —
two-thirds — said they vaped
“just lavoring.”
Nicotine is considered
harmful to the developing
teenage brain. But the inding
raises big questions about
how U.S. health oficials
are portraying the threat of
e-cigarettes to youths, said
Richard Miech, the study’s
lead author at the University
of Michigan.
Federal estimates of how
many youths are using any
nicotine-containing tobacco
products
—
including
traditional cigarettes, cigars,
e-cigarettes — may be
inlated because of mistaken
assumptions about how much
vaping involves nicotine, he
said. That igure is around 25
percent.
Health oficials and an
advocacy group questioned
the study’s indings.
E-cigarettes began to
appear in the United States
roughly 10 years ago. At
irst, they were battery-pow-
ered devices resembling
cigarettes that heated liquid
nicotine into a vapor. They
were promoted to smokers as
a less dangerous alternative
since they don’t contain all
the chemicals and tars of
burning tobacco.
But the market has
evolved, and a lot of vaping
these days is done with
devices that can be loaded
with lavored “e-juice” that
comes in both nicotine and
nicotine-free versions.
“Strawberry. Watermelon.
Passion fruit. There’s a
churros — you know, like
cinnamon
toast?”
said
Hosam Essa, manager of
Brooklyn Vape in New York,
rattling off some of the most
popular lavors on his shop’s
shelves.
Kids love the lavors and
blowing vapor into rings and
other shapes, said Jennifer
Alexander, an RTI Interna-
tional researcher who has
interviewed about 50 teen
vapers.
Michigan’s
national
survey last year included
3,800 students who had
vaped at some point. It was
the irst time the respected
annual survey asked what
was in the vapor — specii-
cally, they were asked what
they inhaled the last time
they vaped. Results were
published online Thursday
by the journal Tobacco
Control.
Miech said he was curious
how many kids vaped mari-
juana. But it was the nicotine
indings that surprised him.
Only about 13 to 20
percent said they last vaped
nicotine, with the highest
percentages in older teens;
about 7 percent used mari-
juana and roughly 10 percent
didn’t know.
The boom in youth vaping
has coincided with steady
declines in teen cigarette
smoking. Vaping is now
more common than smoking.
The federal government,
as well as most states,
restricts sales of electronic
cigarettes or vaping products
to minors. But kids still get
them, sometimes through
online purchases or other
people. Essa said parents
bring their kids into his shop
because they’d rather the
kids vape than smoke.
Oficials at the Centers for
Disease Control and Preven-
tion have lamented the
growing popularity of vaping
products, often focusing on
nicotine dangers for teens.
Asked about the new
study, CDC oficials sent
a statement questioning
whether many teens know the
exact content of what they’re
vaping. They cited a small
study suggesting mislabeling
of e-juice containers was not
uncommon. Further research
is needed, the statement said.
The Campaign for Tobac-
co-Free Kids issued a state-
ment making similar points.
The organization’s president,
Matthew L. Myers, was also
critical of how the lavor
question was posed.
Miech said he agrees that
youth vaping is a problem.
But he said the focus should
be on other research that
suggests that teens who vape
are more likely to later smoke
conventional cigarettes and
use other tobacco products.
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By MIKE STOBBE
AP Medical Writer
merge seamlessly and travel
in long, closely packed
caravans at higher speeds.
That would improve trafic
low and increase highway
capacity. Cars will also
communicate with trafic
signals to make intersections
more eficient.
“It’s these two technol-
ogies converging together
that get you to the self-
driving utopia that we’re all
shooting for,” said Hilary
Cain,
Toyota
Motor’s
technology and innovation
policy director.
Those who want more of
the airwaves for Wi-Fi say
that with self-driving cars
on the horizon to eliminate
human errors, the safety
beneits of V2V are less
important. They point out
that it could be more than
20 years before the full
beneits of V2V are realized,
because it takes decades for
the automotive leet to be
completely replaced.
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CABLE
Study inds most
teens vaping fruity
lavors, not nicotine
directions, even when sight
is blocked by buildings
or other obstacles. That
gives the technology the
advantage of being able to
detect a potential collision
before the driver can see the
threat, unlike the sensors and
cameras of self-driving cars
PREMIUM
the internet or whatever
should be secondary to that.”
The ight pits two govern-
ment agencies against each
other: the Federal Communi-
cations Commission, which
regulates spectrum and
sympathizes with wireless
proponents, and NHTSA,
which regulates auto safety
and has long made V2V a top
priority. The White House,
which is currently reviewing
NHTSA’s proposal to require
the technology in new cars,
is caught between two of its
goals: greater auto safety
and faster wireless service.
With V2V, cars and trucks
wirelessly transmit their
locations, speed, direction
and other information ten
times per second. That lets
cars detect when another
vehicle is about to run a red
light, is braking hard or is
coming around a blind turn
in time for the driver or, in
the case of self-driving cars,
for the vehicle itself to take
action to prevent a crash.
V2V’s range is up to
about 1,000 yards in all
NIGHT OWL
STATION
PBS ABC NBC CBS FOX
WASHINGTON — Cars
that wirelessly talk to each
other are inally ready for
the road, creating the poten-
tial to dramatically reduce
trafic deaths, improve the
safety of self-driving cars
and someday maybe even
help solve trafic jams,
automakers and government
oficials say.
But there’s a big catch.
The cable television and
high-tech industries want
to take away a large share
of the radio airwaves the
government dedicated for
transportation in 1999, and
use it instead for superfast
Wi-Fi service. Auto industry
oficials are ighting to
hang on to as much of
the spectrum as they can,
saying they expect they will
ultimately need all of it for
the new vehicle-to-vehicle
communications, or V2V.
The government and
the auto industry have
spent more than a decade
and more than $1 billion
researching and testing V2V
technology. The National
Highway Trafic Safety
Administration is expected
to propose as early as next
month that new cars and
trucks come equipped with
it. General Motors isn’t
waiting for the proposal,
saying it will include V2V in
Cadillac CTS sedans before
the end of the year.
“We’re losing 35,000
people every year (to
trafic crashes),” said Harry
Lightsey, a General Motors
lobbyist. “This technology
has the power to dramat-
ically reduce that. To me,
the ability of somebody to
download movies or search
that sense what’s immedi-
ately around the vehicle.
In May, a Tesla Model S
sedan in “autopilot” mode
crashed into the side of
a tractor-trailer that was
making a left turn, killing
the Tesla driver and drawing
attention to the limitations
of self-driving technology.
The accident is under inves-
tigation, but auto industry
experts say that if the two
vehicles had been equipped
with V2V, the crash likely
would have been avoided.
The government esti-
mates that V2V could even-
tually prevent or mitigate
more than 80 percent of
collisions that don’t involve
a driver impaired by drugs or
alcohol.
Ultimately, self-driving
cars also equipped with V2V
may be the answer to trafic
congestion because they’ll
be able to synchronize
their movements, industry
oficials say, so that they can
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