NATION/WORLD Friday, April 3, 2015 World powers, Iran seal nuke breakthrough Associated Press LAUSANNE, Switzerland — Cap- ping exhausting and contentious talks, Iran and world powers sealed a break- through agreement Thursday outlin- ing limits on Iran’s nuclear program to keep it from being able to produce atomic weapons. The Islamic Re- public was promised an end to years of crippling economic sanctions, but only if negotiators transform the plan into a comprehensive pact. They will try to do that in the next three months. The United States and Iran, long- time adversaries who hashed out much of the agreement, each hailed the efforts of their diplomats over days of sleepless nights in Switzer- land. Speaking at the White House, President Barack Obama called it a “good deal” that would address con- cerns about Iran’s ambitions. Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif called it a “win-win outcome.” Those involved have spent 18 months in broader negotiations that were extended twice since an interim accord was reached shortly after Irani- an President Hassan Rouhani entered RI¿FH7KDWGHDOLWVHOIZDVWKHSURGXFW of more than a year of secret negotia- tions between the Obama administra- tion and Iran, a country the U.S. still considers the world’s leading state sponsor of terrorism. Opponents of the emerging accord, including Israel and Republican lead- ers in Congress, reacted with skepti- cism. They criticized the outline for failing to do enough to curb Iran’s po- tential to produce nuclear weapons or to mandate intrusive enough inspec- tions. Obama disagreed. “This framework would cut off ev- ery pathway that Iran could take to de- velop a nuclear weapon,” he declared. “This deal is not based on trust. It’s EDVHGRQXQSUHFHGHQWHGYHUL¿FDWLRQ´ If implemented, the understandings UHDFKHG7KXUVGD\ZRXOGPDUNWKH¿UVW time in more than a decade of diplo- matic efforts that Iran’s nuclear efforts would be rolled back. ,W FRPPLWV 7HKUDQ WR VLJQL¿FDQW cuts in centrifuges, the machines that can spin uranium gas to levels used in nuclear warheads. Of the near- ly 20,000 centrifuges Iran now has installed or running at its main en- richment site, the country would be allowed to operate just over 5,000. Much of its enriched stockpiles would be neutralized. A planned reactor would be reconstructed so it produced no weapons-grade plutonium. Moni- toring and inspections by the U.N. nu- clear agency would be enhanced. AP Photo/Vahid Salemi An Iranian man flashes the victory sign from his car while celebrating on a street in northern Tehran, Iran, Thursday, after Iran’s nuclear agree- ment with world powers in Lausanne, Switzerland. America’s negotiating partners in Europe strongly backed the re- sult. President Francois Hollande of France, which had pushed the U.S. for a tougher stance, endorsed the accord while warning that “sanctions lifted can be re-established if the agreement is not applied.” Obama sought to frame the deal as a salve that reduces the chances of the combustible Middle East becoming even more unstable with the introduc- tion of a nuclear-armed Iran. Many fear that would spark an arms race that could spiral out of control in a region rife with sectarian rivalry, terrorist threats and weak or failed states. Obama said he had spoken with Saudi Arabia’s King Salman and that he’d invite him and other Arab leaders to Camp David this spring to discuss security strategy. The Sunni majority Saudis have made veiled threats about creating their own nuclear program to counter Shia-led Iran. The American leader also spoke by telephone with Israeli Prime Minis- ter Benjamin Netanyahu, perhaps the sharpest critic of the diplomacy with Iran. Netanyahu told Obama a deal based on the agreement “would threat- en the survival of Israel.” The White House said Obama assured Netanyahu that the agreement would not diminish U.S. concerns about Iran’s sponsor- ship of terrorism. Obama saved his sharpest words for members of Congress who have threatened to either try to kill the agreement or approve new sanctions against Iran. Appearing in the Rose Garden, Obama said the issues at stake are “bigger than politics.” “These are matters of war and peace,” he said, and if Congress kills the agreement “international unity ZLOOFROODSVHDQGWKHSDWKWRFRQÀLFW will widen.” Hawks on Capitol Hill reacted slowly to the news from the Swiss city of Lausanne, perhaps because the framework was far more detailed than many diplomats had predicted over a topsy-turvy week of negotiation. House Speaker John Boehner said it is “naive to suggest the Iranian re- gime will not continue to use its nucle- ar program, and any economic relief, to further destabilize the region.” Many of the nuclear limits on Iran would be in place for a decade, while others would last 15 or 20 years. Sanctions related to Iran’s nuclear pro- grams would be suspended after the International Atomic Energy Agency FRQ¿UPHG,UDQ¶VFRPSOLDQFH In a joint statement, European Union foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini and Iran’s Zarif called the agreement a “decisive step.” High- lighting Iran’s effort to show a new face of its government, Zarif then held a news conference, answering many questions in English, and Obama’s statement was carried live and uncen- sored on Iranian state TV. Still, all sides spoke with a sense of caution. “We have taken a major step, but are still some way away from where we want to be,” Zarif told reporters, HYHQ DV KH YRLFHG KRSH WKDW D ¿QDO agreement might ease suspicion be- tween the U.S. and Iran, which hav- en’t had diplomatic relations since the 1979 overthrow of the shah and the subsequent U.S. Embassy hostage cri- sis in Tehran. California moves to save the water, kill the lawn LONG BEACH, Ca- lif. (AP) — What’s it go- ing to take to get people to use a lot less water in drought-stricken California, the Technicolor landscape of lush yards, emerald golf courses and aquamarine swimming pools? Residents may be about WR¿QGRXWDV&DOLIRUQLDLP- SRVHV WKH ¿UVW PDQGDWRU\ statewide water-use restric- tions later this year. Gov. Jerry Brown on Wednesday ordered a 25 percent overall cutback in water use by cities and towns, but not farms, in the most sweeping drought measures ever undertaken in Calfornia. The crackdown comes as California and its nearly 40 million residents move toward a fourth summer of drought with no relief in sight. State reservoirs have a year’s worth of water, and with record low snow- fall over the winter there won’t be much to replenish them. Wells in some parts of the state are going dry as groundwater levels fall. Brown’s move to get tough on water use came after his push for volun- tary conservation yielded mixed results. Asked by Brown in January 2014 to cut their water consumption by 20 percent, Californians achieved only about half that. $IÀXHQW 6RXWKHUQ &DO- ifornia communities with lots of landscaping on auto- matic timers were some of the worst offenders, topping 300 gallons of water per person a day compared with 70 gallons for some San Francisco Bay Area com- munities. 6WDWHZDWHURI¿FLDOVZLOO now draw up the emergen- cy regulations to carry out the governor’s order and hope to have them ready for enactment in May, said George Kostyrko, spokes- man for the state Water Re- sources Control Board. The governor’s order requires the roughly 400 water agencies around the state to cut water use by one-quarter from the 2013 level. The state government is also ramping up a water conservation campaign that will include billboards and radio messages through the end of June. Homeowners will get rebates for replacing lawns with greenery more suited to the semi-arid state and for installing more wa- ter-thrifty appliances and SOXPELQJ¿[WXUHV7KHVWDWH also will press water agen- cies to impose higher, grad- uated rates to discourage water guzzling. East Oregonian Page 9A BRIEFLY Al-Shabab militants kill 147 at Kenya university GARISSA, Kenya (AP) — Al-Shabab gunmen rampaged through a university in northeastern Kenya at dawn Thursday, killing 147 people in the group’s deadliest attack in the East African country. Four militants were slain by security forces to end the siege just after dusk. The masked attackers — strapped with explosives and armed with AK- 47s — singled out non- Muslim students at Garissa University College and then gunned them down without mercy, survivors said. Others ran for their lives. Amid the massacre, the men took dozens of hostages in a dormitory as they battled troops and police before the operation ended after about 13 hours, witnesses said. :KHQJXQ¿UHIURPWKH Kenyan security forces struck the attackers, the militants exploded “like bombs,” Interior Minister Joseph Nkaissery said, adding that the shrapnel wounded some of the RI¿FHUV Al-Shabab spokesman Ali Mohamud Rage said ¿JKWHUVIURPWKH6RPDOLD based extremist group were responsible. The al-Qaida- linked group has been blamed for a series of attacks in Kenya, including the siege at the Westgate Mall in Nairobi in 2013 that killed 67 people, as well as other violence in the north. The group has vowed to retaliate against Kenya for sending troops to Somalia in 2011 WR¿JKWWKHPLOLWDQWVVWDJLQJ cross-border attacks. Most of the 147 dead were students, but two security guards, one policeman and one soldier also were killed in the attack, Nkaissery said. German crash co-pilot researched suicide, cockpit BERLIN (AP) — Germanwings co-pilot Andreas Lubitz spent time online researching suicide methods and cockpit door security in the week before crashing Flight 9525, prosecutors said Thursday ²WKH¿UVWHYLGHQFHWKDWWKH fatal descent may have been a premeditated act. As the browsing history on a tablet computer found at Lubitz’s apartment added a disturbing new piece to the puzzle of the March 24 crash, French investigators said they had recovered WKH$LUEXV$¶VÀLJKW data recorder — another step toward completing the picture. Attention has focused on Lubitz since investigators evaluated the plane’s cockpit voice recorder last week. They believe the 27-year- old locked his captain out of the cockpit during the ÀLJKWIURP%DUFHORQDWR Duesseldorf and deliberately plunged the plane into a French mountainside. Duesseldorf prosecutors said they had reviewed search terms from March 16- 23 that were in the browser memory of the computer found in Lubitz’s home in the city. The co-pilot researched “on one hand medical treatment methods, and on the other hand informed himself about types and ways of going about a suicide,” prosecutors’ spokesman Ralf Herrenbrueck said in a statement. “In addition, on at least one day, (Lubitz) concerned himself for several minutes with search terms about cockpit doors and their security precautions,” he added. Multiple countries LQYHVWLJDWH¿VKLQJ slavery claims BENJINA, Indonesia $3²2I¿FLDOVIURPWKUHH countries are traveling to remote islands in eastern Indonesia to investigate how thousands of foreign ¿VKHUPHQZHUHDEXVHGDQG forced into catching seafood that could end up in the United States, Europe and elsewhere. A week after The Associated Press published a story about slavery in the seafood industry — including video of men locked in a cage — delegations from Thailand and Indonesia visited the island village of Benjina. A government team from Myanmar is also scheduled to visit the area next week to try to determine how many of its citizens are stuck there and what can be done to bring them home. 7KHYLVLWVUHÀHFWKRZ the problem stretches across several countries, and KRZGLI¿FXOWLWKDVEHHQ to resolve. The migrant workers lured or even NLGQDSSHGLQWR¿VKLQJDUH usually from Myanmar, also known as Burma, one of the poorest countries in the world, along with Cambodia, Laos and poor areas of Thailand. 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