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DAILY EAST ORSGONtAJT, PENDLETON, OREGON, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 14, 1.321.
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Where It Starts, and the Steps by Which It Approaches
Your Table -The Complex Processes of the
Bakery - Breads of Different Kinds.
, Uy It01ii:HT TltiHE
i? ,,'m'.Bot ,onK f very hou. leaves, and this service is upP!emenl
H ballTO little factory. proJurms ,1 by distribution through hundreds
Q Buc of what it consumed. Its out- of grocery shop.v
Hpwt ven Includins the clothing of; The fundamental material of bread
h". !"Hit k"-h "vnCLaen': K 01 course. whe"- No other grain
. rk"" " th """"V" Wory substitute. -Djrsrr
' u,rd'n h ome- I the mar trial was made of all sorts of
Lookback only s.xty year to .the th:ny,--evcry!hinS short of sawdust.
Mr od Just before the outbreak of the one miSht say-but. though sornu of
Uvll War. and you find that there , them proved available for admixture
were then few bakeshops even in the.:Ih wheat, the resulu were not verv
largest American cities. Teople made' palatable. It is not only that wheat
their owa bread. tastes better, but that It is the only
Early in the Civil War a huK sov-! grain wnich comains glu(en Br
ernment bakery was established In the which therefore will malt.
basement of the Capitol, in Washing- loaf, the gluten ho!d:ng fast the bub
ton, to aupply the Army of the Po- bles of carbonic acid gas genora-ed
tomac Bakers were needed to op- by yeast.
erat It and. to get them. Uncle Sam ; A!l of our grains are seeds of
rounded up tn New York a number of grasps. Cam is a grass native to
French and Austrian immigrants who America. Wheat, oats, barley and
had a knowledge of the art. rye arc Old World species. Likewise
These Frenchmen and Austrians; rice. But wheat is queen of the
made a kind of bread that was en- graces.
tirely new to the soldiers, who liked; Our wheat com? mainly from the
It to much that, when they went back. Middle West, where in the girowlnE
to their homes, they insisted on hav-t season it covers whole landscapes as
i"s itruna uurs. iita as ine eve can
see. Improved '
!ed to the openinj of many bakeries agricultural machinery deals with
hy German and French people.
Since then the bakeries have steadl
V driven the home breadmaker out'f
;tnes. Some American families still
to the habit of baking bread In
nome oven, but even they, in the
ic. find it convenient to send to
. nearby corner grocery for several
each week.
A Bread Factory
up-to-date bakery has grown
d expanded into a lage factory with
T elaborate and expensive equipment
f machinery. It may supply a whele
own with bread. If located in a city,
it Xtss Tor customers several thousand
f.mllies. to which It delivers da!ly
through line wire sieves to exclude
lumps, is then re:idy for use.
Tho bread-making floor is Imme-
in so wonderful a fasht th.t ,idia!e'' blo" tl,at oa wnicl tae mix-
labor of two men will produce ennurh i ine ls donc' ntl from Ihe tank con
of the precious breadstuff to feed 1.000 talning the prepared flour a pipe ex
people. From the Holds most ,-.f the :enJs downward through the ceiling
grain eoes to hece miiu i I
and Minnesota, where it is ground,
"bolted" (to remove the term and
outer husk of the seed), and. in the
shape of flour, bagged for v.irket.
Making: The Flour i.oady
The flour comes to the city bakery
in big sacks. Most bakers use three
fourths spring wheat (spring planting)
and one-fourth winter wheat, which Is
planted In the fall. They must, of
course, be thoroughly mixed by ma
chinery, and the mixture, passed
in such wise that It mouth opens di
rectly ahjve .1 huge iron tub. The
tub Is a dough -tub, u:td when it wants
flour, the opermor ptiil - lever, and
dow.-. ?omes the stun through thu pipe
from mi-rhead.
This, however. Is not the beginning.
The first thing the baker does is to
pour into the tub a quantity of ytist
:y. Then ha jerks the lever, and hun
dreds ol pounds of Hour your down
into the tub.
Aguln the revolving scoop (run by a
belt) iset In motion, to mix the Hour
wi;h tho water and yeast. The resul'
is . pasty stuff called "sponge." which
Hie operator dumps Into a bis trough.
1 1 ho iron mb being set on pivots so as
to turn over easily. There he leaves
it for threo hours, to rise.
Then he puis iho sponse back Into
thu tut, and adus several yuunds of
sug-.r and lard, a whole let of milk,
and a good ,de.il of water. Again the
Rcoop starts revolving, and, when the
mass has been well stirred, it is
"doughs," one being mixed while an
other rises. But let us stick to this
one. which, being taken from the
trough In big chunks, is passed under
a roller, to eliminate lumps, emerging
in the form of sheets.
Wrestling Dough Into Loaves
Tho sheets are wheeled on a hand
truck Into the bakit room, where stal
wart, burn-ermed. mea stand about a
table. They toko tho doutch. slap It
down In masses on the table, and
divide itch mass into pieces as nearly
as possible the same size. The pieces
ing ferocity, it being important that
they shall be as solid as possible. This
featuta of the process involves violent
exercise and demands muscle.
Koriaed into the shape of loaves, the
pieces aro placed on trays, which are
stacked on a hand-truck and wheeled
to the ovens. If they are Vienna loaves,
each one is first slashed across three
ilmos with a knife, sinntwlse. On any
the loaves are wheeled to the delivery
department, where they aro hnndtd
out to I he wagon-drivers. '
Bolls Klditr In Material
For French rolls separate "doughs"
are made, richer in lurd, sugnr and
milk. In muklng them, a machine is
used to stamp the dough Into lumps of
equal sizes. Those which appear oil
the tablu In the familiar folded tiii'.ie
are first rolled Into balls and then bent
around a small slick.
In a modern bakery the icr.t.ict t
human hands with the uiaiot i..l.s I.
are punched and slammed with seem-Tttvolded as far us possible. M.. .'.ir.i ry j
stirs . and, mixes the fl-ju;-, idhs !l.
makes tho spouse pa.ste. or. 1 turr.i out
the final doug.. Hands aro tid o'-.y
to sue tho d-.-uxh a last kau4ini;.
shape tUe..oaes, put them :a tno aen,
and lake tlicnt out'agalu.
For man years It ha.1 ' n
cepted as fact that our wh! tu.i.t.
thenmh more palatable wm iv nl-
that has been dissolved in water. He j dumped once more into a troueh and
adds to. this many gallons more of I left to rise two and a half hours,
water, and starts In motion a revolving I T'ae dough is now finished. A day's
scoop which mixes the fluid thoroush-' work for the baker means a series of
tout of this kind that comes to the'tlous than t-rjd made frtm arable
table ono may no: lee the slashes. J wheal Hour. I'euple. thcrefa. l.av
The ovens In a big baking v!abllsh-j been encourage by physicians to f:it
nie.-.l are arranged in a bt:ry, with) "svhim" tre.td, which eenu.ns lr
the f.r at some distance to one side, valuable nltregefi of tho busk and
the rooking of the bread being doneigerm. Hut experiments by the Nu
by dry heat that flows around the
ovens. Ordinarily each oven accom
modates 200 loaves. The pans used
are round, square or oblong, accord
ing to the shape of the loaves. Vienna
bread, however, is usufcMy bsked on
the floor of the oven. When baked.
trliion Division, of the Department ot
Agriculture havo proved that, qunntliy
for qmntity, whole-wheat bread makes
less flesh and blood, and puis less fuel
undor the human boiler, than white
bread the simple reason being that
the whole-wheat brcRd Is not so thor
oughly digested. As for the nltrogea, ;
we got ull wo need of that from meats.
Few people know that Boston brown,
bread, now esteemed a luxury, was'
originally a famine food. It was In-'
vented by Major Nathaniel Thwlng. of.
Huston, In 174. There was then a
great scarcity of cereals In New Eng-:
land and Thwing. who was a baker.;
got pirmlxslon -from the select men
of the town to make a bread of corn-:
meal, rye Hour and molasses, with
sour milk and soda. Eight-pound
loaves were sold for I cents. Today
the sunte recipe Is used In Boston lor
making brown bread, which', put up In'
millions of cutis annually, ls dis
tributed all over the United States,
Ioave of bread 3, too years old hats
been found In Egyptian tomtt. They
looked as If charred by Arc, this tffect,
heuy: duo to slow oxidation. Micro-'
sc-)ic examination proved that they
were made o" emmer, which Is related
j to wtijn, ii.i'! dead yeast ;lu were
n!:ii-ov;."id in tiie'r substance. Teast'
1 hi rl du'j '.m callrd iav"
'h ". p"o;- of l.r.-'l were n
.tern. In th; . .!.ie.-:ics, tl-ey bfl Rl
.;. an J , &- , retd la lu Bible,
they tc unlK.iveried Lre4.. : . t ,
iii' er KlmW Of B?a! .
V.-.n; thirds other '1-fie -s'ef
i m;..i' su uo4 far r.iaeirjt ttremav
in CK4 fw Thlr f '
aiaj. cwa.' ta fauilitiee af t-Mrva
e'u4'.i lite knmei mesUL !
is 1.1 w.'r r to . ac Um I ems
iu e. aAwer was &;e '
.oiVfM i.f Utah. as.t t 4
it. sU-ist I.iet4i ma -1
suaw p.unds these beans Id a ve ic
nionnr. Then she takes f.wa h
head her conical hat, sprinkles tn
side' of It with water, puts In a lit
of the meal, then more water, then
more meal,' and so on until the hat l
full. This accomplished, she exposes
the hat to the hot sun, wi ich bakes
the contents Into a solid and nutritious
loaf. 1
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'Boys Will Be Boys"-A Peer Among Screen Mdthers
"Three Sevens" A Vanity Fair Girl "Lure of
Youth"-Starts As Leading Man -A New Star.
lOVS will be bovs," concerns the J tractions of this production. She
I adventures of Peep O'Day (Will scored another hit In a similar roie In
Rogers), before and after he falls Once to Every Woman," st.irrins
heir to an Irish peerage fortune. Dorothy I'lnllip.s. and Is now taking; a
..u actios occurs in a little Kentucky mother part in Eva Novak s currctu
tillage. jiluiLoili-aina, "The C!:rl and ! he Cioe."
1'eep O'Day ls a good natured, i Mrs. Mann came to this cotintrv from
t.tcamy and mysterious Irish hos'ler, I fecouand six years ago and started hei
; :'. i and abu?ed. He suddenly falls t American screen career at Lmveisal
i..-i- i a fortune in Ireland orii lilt
nrt thought Is to enjoy the boyhood
he has never had. He conse
.t.ily plays all sorts of boyish games
" the neighbors think he is crazy.
. .blctte (a crooked lawyer), uses this
n. a hook upon which to hang a
plot 'with w hich to get I'eep O bay's
fortune. Lucy tlrene Itich). the sweet he and Mvfra, o!h.r convlc ucceea
uuiik svnuui ivacner. ui love ini
young town lawyer, undertakes to
teach Peep O Day his lessons in the
school house. Mrs. Hunter, the wi'I
in widow, also out for I'eep O'Pay's
money, sees them there and starts a
scandal. Sublette and his accom
plice Import Kitty from Louisville to
impersonate I'eep O'Day s cousin. She
ls a good hearted soubreite aDd in a
rqurt house scene which closes the
story comes out strong for Peep O Day
and shows up Sublette and his gang.
All ends well and the character of
I'eep O'Day gives Kog- an oppor
tunity to display his peculiar and per
sonal humor in several new directions.
Irene Itich as "Lucy", maintains her
standards of sbiluy and charm..
Margaret Matin
This Is the era of screen mothers.
When Margaret Mann took the role t
cf the mother in "Heart of Human. ty."
Antonio Moreno And Joan Calhoun
In "Three Sevens," Tony lloreoc
leaves the serial held and returns to
the romantic photoplay.. He plavs the
role of a youth who is unjustly ac
cused of murder and sentenced lo 2C
years at hard labor. While In prison!
in freeing themselves and ousting the
villainous warden. "Tony" in tne
c.iaracter of the hero then proceeds
to ho.d a court to give the convicts a
new trlaL . On thu remarkable situa
tion t.e story of "Three Sevens' de
velops Id entirely ne'v angle tn the
way of a film story. Love, romance
and tragedy run a merry race In mak
ing up the elements of an altogether
different photoplay.
Jean Calhoun, as lesd'.nt woman In
he character of Joan Uracie, is band
aglnj his wounds.
IlAroM 4,0(lnfn
Harold Goodwin, a new star, has
behind h.m. at the age of 18, a recoi d
of cix years of pcralstent effort in mo
tion pictures part of this time as
!adlna: support for prominent stars.
(londwin's first picture as a star Is
"Oliver Twi-I. Jr." The slory folk.wsi
she inaugurated a new epoch in screen closely Ihe famous novel by Charles,
. . . . . t. . . .t l r,l,.I.nn Mhlnli all 111, W-n-M ,.,,
Iiieivty. lo intl lime cuaiMticrs m ( t'ivv- ...,.v - j
Aim plays had been puehed la'o the read. The film version, however, dif
background. But Mrs. Mann's remark-1 fers In this way: The sioiy of Oliver
able chu.-'eriiations an emotional Twist li brought to date, the locale ! j
tsleat appealed so strongly to the pub-1 shifted to the 1'nited Slates, and thel
lie Uat the was one cf the chief at- j Dickens character are seen In modern
I iho basis of ' Lure ef Youth." Florin
I lino Fair is a famous ac:rcs, jaded of
j the footlights, who .'toes to recuperate
- z r ' . i in a stagnant little (own. at. the sug-
clothe. uiovrg uliiKSot7cdt. ! wm'ber" of'tho'vanVtyTralr vZZ-itx: l "' w!l",''- , rkh
Vorma fclcl.oli ..' -arefu'lv rciecrcd California beauties l01. T'Jl'.'L
It. Ai. by, their antics In " these reW
rrfiiedv... And Norma, we might say.
Hockles." Afler that the fl!m fans - ne err ..: or in? psrry.
wanted to see more of Norma and u..nm niinira Atimiro Jitmiyra I man to her home, and Rosei" Dent ar'
Ihey are now having the opportuni'y. j Th rcgenerai Ion of a man's char- rlvcs brlniin a play he has written.
For at the present she is a featured ! acter thro a woman's sacrifice IsLlts reading firs' bores anuV then intcr-
the films via scials. She appeared wit h
ftuih Koland in' "Jtuth of the
i rouge and Is spoken to In French hi'
'tho clerk at the counter. Pleasantly
iettrprued pt the uuexprctcd clrcum-
j stance. Florentine Invite the youni;
ests her. '.
Itoger becomes her protege .and Is
brought to New York, where fee
progresses. . Mortimer, angered, ac
cuses Florentine of playing with the
flres ot genius, and blackens her char-,
actor in the eyes of Roger's parents..
They enter her apartment and accuse
her, of being an adventuress leading:
their boy astray. Bogor refuses t
return homo. , 1 1
Then, quite suddenly, he voluntarily
comes back, embittered at the destrur
Hon of his youthful Illusions. What
changes hit decision and threatens to
break his career results In a tremen
dous situation In this fascinating
drama of love and ambition.- j
David Winter ( '
t)av!d Winter, new leading man for.
Katherlne MacDonald. Winter broke
records for breaking Into the movies,
by starling as leading man to thai
most beautiful ' woman , of stag or
screen,