Pendleton, Oregon. Friday, September 14, lfllfl
LET 'Eft. BUCK
East Orcfjonian Ronnd-tJp Souvenir Edition
SCOUTS WITH SOLDIERS IN SHEEPEATER WAR
Renegades From Bannock and Shoshone Tribes Finally Cap
V" tured in Salmon River Canyon.
(he reservation, who werwati that ttine ,?Ji' '
In camp near the old agency and they " ' ""
Immediately Joined the few troops B-' 13
there In pursuit of the Bannocks.
'- A small battle' was' fought on the
Two veteran Indian of the Umatil
la reservation who today are enjoying
the nound-Up from their side of the
field engaged 40 yeara ago in one
of tho last of the Indian campaigns In
thii part of the country. Just an their
remaining Indian scouts. Thin cam
paign wan hie second against the
Bannock outlaws and he had volun
teered to' act a one of the scouts In
the government party. . ..
t win lute In AtiKUKt when . the
sons and nephews fought for the. Unli scouting party, reached j the. rugged
ted States in the recent war. thee ; mountains, and, spent several , day
two patriots, Te-lnw-kllia-' or Captain, look Inir forv the hostilea. The trails
Bumpkin, and Joe Campo, served their were rough, almost Impassible, the
country as scouts In the memorably mountain sides steep and rations were
h'heepeater campaign against the low. Although they had started out
Hunnocksxand Plutes. They are tho i with horses, bothj Joe Campo and
two remulnlng Umutllla reservation ftumpkln lost their mounts, he related,
Indians put of a group of 80 who ren-! and their moccaHlns had worn out.
dnred valuable service In defeating : For a number of days the Indian
the marauding Idaho Indians who ! neon Is searched through the moun
curried their dopredutlon Into this tains without food and barefoot.
territory.
The Hhcepcatera were a band of In.
titans from, outcasts of the Hunnock
and Shoshone tribes, according to Ma
jor C. H, Hardin, U. 8. A. retired, who,
Is one of the few who has chronicled
the campaign. ' These outcasts were
the result of marriage alllnnces be
tween the two tribes, which were con
slileretl, offense enough to bring about
ostracism. ,, Their tribe grew steadily
until M78, when they were Joined b
tome wurrlng 1'annocks and thfy be
Kiin to pillage the country about their
ulfudo In Southern Idaho.
Forty, years ago American troops
were auarce In this section of tne coun
try, and o, when orders were Issued
by. the. commanding general of the
western department for troops to ope
rate against the Indians one party
was sent out of Hosle Barracks and
another from Cnmu Howard, near the
Ueut. Furrow flnall yordered the In.
dlans to retrace their trail and on
August ?7 succeeded In finding four
caches of provisions. which had been
stolen from fuller's command In
July when ho first encountered the
hostile Indians.
IMxilllo Imilmis IK-aUMl
Tho party In which the Umatilla
Indians wore acting as scouts loaned
the camp of the Sheepcnters on Sep
tember 21 and prepured to mnke at
attack upon them at daybrmik the
next morning. The camp was In a
canyon of the Salmon river and the
barking of a dow told the commander
that It was close by. Preparations
were made that n'uht for tho battle
upon the enemy camp which was to
begin at dnybreak.
At 1 a. m. the scouts, divided Intn
two equal parties, started the attack.
Orders were to close In on the camp
confluence of the Salmon river with and open flro t dHV,reaK, The camp
tne unaae. amiui m nine uu.w, ... f,re cou, be Keftn nnu. there were
Hoise. Shortly after these parties , norBcll v fllollt Dut a, the scouts
had located the direction of tne trou- C0Bed In thev found that the enemy
ble, LJeut. K. H. Furrow, who was In
command of a small detachment at
the Umatilla agency, was ordered to
take the. field. Twenty Indians begg
ed to be taken with him as scouts and
they were enlisted as such.
Lieut. W. C. Brown, second In com
mund to Lieut. Farrow, now a retired
colonel of cavalry, lists the nlwlng
Indiana among the scoil who nccom
palnod them In the summer of 187
In the memorable campaign: Yatlno
wits Shapllsh, Ehwat-ls-kow-kow,
Su-we-shlps. Bpella, Te-lnw?klk. Vic
tor William. Patnewa. Pello. Wep-tlsh,
Twa-knklt. Telokas. Small Hawk, Ola
be, Peo, che-wauck. Dick and Ha-ha
Sihntck. , Te-low-klk, Twa-kalklta
and Joe Campo are the only ones of
that number now living. Twa-ka-klle
or Charley Tokaekln, being now a
resident of the Yakima reservation.
'Theae jy) Indian scouts were the
pick of the Umatilla tribes, mountea
on hardy little Cay use polnles selected
f n m the countless herds then roam- i
ins; over the Umatilla reservation."
Major Hardin says In his etorp of the
campaign. "The head sergeant was
Ya-tln-ow-ltz. the war chief of the
I'maxltlas. He waa a grave, dignified
Indian fit the Fenlmore Cooper type,
whose word, on account of his tribal
position, was law with other mem
bers of the band and whose experi
ence aa a warrior was such that the
young lieutenants commanding the
detachment were glad to defer to his
Judgment In the trying situations In
which they were placed at various
times during the campaign.'
. , July 1K79.
It waa on July I, 1879 that Llcuts.
Farrow and Brown and their scouts
left the Umatilla resercatlon for the
region of the Spake river. They were
working .on. various clues as to the
presence of tire hostile Indians and
attempting to effect a union with
troops from the other camps when the
right trail was discovered.
Lieut. Catley, who started from
Camp Howard, waa first to encounter
the htsttle Indians and his meeting
was. It anything, a defeat. He hnd
accomplished one purpose, however,
that of locating the Indiana.
The American troops were having
the wornt of It In the fight with the
Indians when the pnrty under Lieut.
Farrow arrived In Idaho, according
to Captain Sumpkln, one of the two!
hnd learned of their presence and had
fled. Their ponies had been stabbed
and left lying on the ground.
Without a pitched battle but fore.
ed more by snow and sleet and lack of
food to surrender, the Bheepeaters
gave themselves tip to Lieut. Farrow
on October 1, 1879. The surrender
was effected by the capture of one
Bannock by Lieut. Brown, the red
rkln having declared he was tired of
the fighting. He briught In nine
bucks, - 24 squaws and papooses and
eight guns on the first of October
and Inter returned with enough more
to swell the number of captives to 61.
Had the Indians held out a few days
longer the scouting troops would have
beon forced to give up the chase or
ti spend the winter In the Salmon
River canyon, depending upon the
game there for their subsistence.
Lieut. Brown and a number of
scouts preceeded the captives, under
Lieut. Farrow, out of the Salmon
River country. They obtained ra.
tlons for the Farro wparty and pro-
ceeded to hunt horse thieves for three
weeks without success. The Brown
Party reached the Umatilla agency on
October 22.
lvnri It-ton Hcliicd Crtchratn .
Lieut. Farrow, with his 61 Indian
captives, made haste to deliver them
to the Umatilla reservation. His ar
rival was the signal for a big celebra
tion. In which the citizens of Pendle
ton also Joined. There was great re
joicing at the capture of these trouble
some savages and the party which
captured them was feted by the citi
zens. . Tho captives were later taken
to ancouver Barracks where they
were handled by the government.
The campaign against the Sheep
eaters was not the first In which the
Umatilla reservation Indians figured.
The Plutes and Bannocks, an offshot
of these same vandals, had earlier
broleen over the traces In Southern
tdaho and after causing a lot of trou
ble In the region of Pocatello and
Holse, pushed over Into Southern Ore
gon.
It was not long until the hostile
Indians were fairly close to Pendleton
and it is said by Sumpkln that the
Bannocks even came onto the reserva
tion and stole cattle and horses be
longing to the Indians and took, stock
from the whites to the south as well.
This action Incensed the Indians of
reservation; Sumpkln relates, but the
Bannocks made good their getaway
and were not overtaken until they
reached the Starkey Prairie. Here
another battle was fought and about
half of the Idaho Indians taken cap
tive. These captives were brought
back to camp at the agency while a
few of the Indian scouts pursued them
to see that they did no further dam
age In the Oregon country.
. "Major Connoyer was agent at the
time this happened." the old Indian,
Sumpkln,. said a he reclined In his
Utpee one day this summer. - "Ha told
i's to leave the fight to the soldiers.
but. we to) dhlm the chances were too :
great. We could not sit by and see
the cattle, belonging, to ourselves and
bur white friends killed by a warring
band and we would not 'leave It to tho
soldiers' as the major asked. After
we had declared we wanted to assist
the soldiers, he let us Join them.'
I'matilui Are Peaceful
The Indians of the Umatilla reser
vation have ulways been lovers of
peace. Captain Sumpkln told his in
terviewer, and for that reason their
men were willing to fight a defensive
flHht uKulnst any breach of the peace.
From their earliest settlement on the
reservation they have ibeen friends
with the white people, both tn this
county and elsewhere throughout
Eastern Oregon, Pendleton.. . La-.
Grande, Wallowa, have always been
friends wkh the Indians, he, said, and
I he expressed the kindest regard for
ail the whites. ....
"Wherever we have gone among
while people, we have been treated
as friends," he said. "On huntlnn
trip to the John Day or as far . as
Huker people have asked where we
were from and when we told them
from the Umatilla reservation we
have been given the best of treatment."
It was this bond of friendship be
tween the Umatilla reservation tribes
and the whiles which prompted the
defense of the Indians against the In
vaders In 1879. according to the old
scout. Col. Brown, who, as a lieu
tenant served with the scouting party,
said that the Indian scouts were a
splendid lot and did excellent work
for the government In the Sheepeatei
campaign and in the previous cam
paign against the Bannocks the year
before.
Willie ine two inumn iitxw rvmtLiii- j
ing on me reservation nave nut re
ceived any distinction as the result
of their faithful work In the stlring
Tdaho campaign, the two.in command
were both cited In, orders from the
headquarters, department of the' Co
lumbia, on October 20, 1879.' Lieut.
Farrow was recommended for promo
tion to captain and Lieut. Brown to
First lieutenant, by Brigadier. General
O. O. Howard, commandetv The. gen
eral commended the two yonng offi
cers highly for their perseverence and
also praised their forces for . their
work. "But for the gallantry, skill
nd energy of Lieutenants Farrow
and Brown. I should have been oblig
ed next summer to have put another
and larger force into the field to ope
rate- gtsrainst the Indians,' General
Howard's citation said.
With visions of his own serclse for
the United States and his white friend
fresh In mind, Captain Sumpkln
showed the same patriotic zeal when
the trend of events demanded that
this country enter the European war,
The old scout, now leader of his men
by virtue of: his age, his service and
his position art Indian- police Judge,
made the following statement before-
dozen of his tribesmen, .assembled
In his tepee:
'When the war In Europe reached
out to call in the United States, the
young Indians on the reservation vol
unteered. Just aa their white brothers
did. They went to war to protect the
people of Europe from the Injustice
of the Germans, believing it their
duty as much aa the white man's to
aid In restoring peace. . Our boys
were willing to. give their lives for
the cause and to die, red man beside
white man, to restore peace.
'We love the United, States and the
white people for they have . always
been good to us. Now that the fire
In Europe Is, extinguished and we had
a part in it, we hope to continue to
live on In peace as we have for years.
We are proud to have assisted in the
work of restoring peace." .,
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CLEAR BUT HE CAN
VOTEJFHE WISHES
Suffrage Has Not Interested
Redmen But Some Were In
duced to Vote for Taft in
1912; Favored Dry Law.
The status of the Umatilla Indian
is a subject for wise heads to ponder
over. According- to an opinion of the
bureau of Indian affairs, the tribes on
the reservation are citizen Indians
and thus are entitled to vote. But as
citizens they are under all the rules
and regulations placed upon Indians
and must obey the laws made for
thnir guidance and direction. In short,
the Umatilla reservation Indian is a
citizen and yet he is not a citizen.
With federal, state, Indian' and tri
bal lows to govern them, the Indians
come under more regulations than
their white brothers. ' Some of the
laws, however, do not apply to them,
fur no Umatilla Indian has been
1-nown to pay either an income tax or
an inheritance tax. Incomes of some.
of the natives are known to be with
in the tax paying class, while the In
hetilnce of a quarter section of wheat
land would be sufficient to cause the
inheritance tax commissioner to hold
out the haf.
. Ab citizens the Indians are not al
lowed to have charge of their own
funds except In certain cases, yet they
may vote provided they register and
eloct to go to the polls. Suffrage
amons the Indians has Interested thorn
very, little, but one or two occasions
having developed where they wen; to
the polls in any large number.
Id IMS some one put the Indians
on to a, "hunch" to vote for Taft for
president and many ballots whKh
were counted had no mark on thera
whatever except the cross after the
names of the Taft electors. When
prohibition came up for vote before
the Mate went dry in 1916, many of
tho Indians went to the polls to vote
f-r prohibition, the two missions hav
ing Influenced them to help the move
inent along. As a rule the Indians do
not exercise their franchise.
As citizen Indians the men of
flfchting age were obliged to serve the
United Htates in the great war and the
reservation sent 46 men to the colors.
Again, In their capacity as citizens, the
Indians are able to go before the state
or federal courts to take actions at
law, but as citizens they dare not over
step the dry. law in any particular,
without more serious consequences
than to their white brothers. . ,
Some of the advantages of citizen
ship are thus seen to be enjoyed by
the natives and others not so much
enjoyed. The, draft of their men for
military service at first did not seem
exr.ctly right to the Indians and then.
. again, they are more than compenst-
; ed by not having to pay taxes on in
S comes and Inheritances. The cltizen
rz ship status of the Indian is a hybrid
SS ! affair and a middle ground between
S the full citizenship enjoyed by the
r white and the lack of citizenship
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