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East Oregonian Round-tJp Souvenir Edition
ISsndlelon, Aregon, fnursday, September 1, 10 id
IN 1848 OREGON LEGISLATURE IS MOSTLY TAKING PART IN HUNTING GOLD
Son of Ool. J. W. Nesmith Told Fred Lockley Many Interesting Remineicencea of Early
! ! Day Life; Father Was Pre War Senator.
II Trrv on n
the ' Oregon
(By : Fred Lockley In
r :' Journal.)
On July 10, 1919,, ' William ,' Duff
Nesmith, son of Colonel J, W. No.
mlth former United mote, senuter
from Oregon and Inter a member of
the national house of representative
from Oregon, will have been In; Ore
con Just 80 years,' Not lone ado we
aat on a, moss covered bunch out un
der the Cottonwood and he- Uild in
of hie boyhood days In I'olk county,
where he was born.
.. "My rather Introduced the bill to
cut off the southern part of Yamhill
county and form a new county to bo
called Polk county." said Mr. Nes
mlth. "The firat office my father
held In Oregon waa In 11(45. Dele
gate had been appointed to meet at
a convention at Champoeg In April, to
select A governor, a supreme Judge,
local Judges find other officer. There'
were several parties. One wus the
American party, another the Indepen
dent party and Htlll another the Mis
sionary party. They voted for four
different candidates, A. L. Iovejoy,
Oeortce Abornethy, W. J. Halley and
Osborne Russell. The convention se.
lectt'd A. It. Ixivejoy as candidate for
governor, but when ft came time for
the election the Independents swung
over to the Missionary party and elect
ed George Abernethy, the Missionary
Candidate. My father was elected
Judge. In 1848 he was elected to the
iPglKluture, but in the fall of 184 8 and
spring of 184 9 nearly all the iegisln
fors, us well as almost every other able
bodied man in Oregon, went to the
California gold fields."
It' U Interesting to note. In connec
tion with what Mr. Nesmith says
about the legislature of 1848, that out
of the 21 legislators elected, only nine
were,' on hand when the legislature
met. The members elected In the
legislature for the session of 1848
were from Clackamas county, A. I
I-oveJoy. G. I Curry and J. I Snook:
From Tualatin. Samual R. Thurston,
Peter IT. Hurnett and Ralph Wilcox:
from Champoeg, Albert Gains, Robert
Newell, W. J. llalley and William Por
ter; from Yamhill, A. J. Hembree, 1
A. Rice and William Martin; from
Polk, J. W. Nesmith; from Unn, H.
J. Petersen and Anderson Cox; from
Lewis, Levi L. Smith; from Clatsop, A.
H. Thompson: from Vancouver. A. L.
Lewis. The legislature met and or
ganized bv electing Ralph Wilcox
speaker, W. O. T'Vault chief clerk
and Will'am Holmes sergeant at arms.
It Immediately adjourned, to meet on
February 6. 1849.
' Among other well known Oregon-
lans who went to the gold fields In the
fall of 1848 and the early spring of
1849 were J. W. Nesmith, Joel Pal
mer, A. L. Lovejoy, F. W. Pettlgrove,
Peter HI Burnett, Walter Montelth
Captain M. M. McCarver. Thomas Me.
Kay, W. H. Gray, father of Mrs. Jacob
Kamm, O. K. Gay. John Byrd, Ralph
Wilcox. Columbia Lancaster Pool, Ro.
bert Newell and Hamilton Campbell.
"Father was admitted to the bar at
the first term of the United States dis
trict court," Mr. Nesmith continued.
"It waa held at the recently complet
ed courthouse at Cyntheann, In Oc
tober, 1851. At the same time James
McCabe. B. F. Harding, W. T. T'Vault
and A. B. P. Wood were admitted. My
father was appointed master and com
missioner in chancery. In those days
the principal requirement for admls
s'on to the bar was horse sense, rather
than a knowledge of legal phraseology
In the early fifties father and 'Hen'
Owen owned a grist mill near Allen
dale, aa you know, was on Judge R.
P. Boise's place, and was named after
his wife. Their grist mill was washed
away In the gib flood In the early fifties.
"When the legislature Incorporated
the Oregon academy at LaFayette my
father was one of the trustees. There
were Ahla 8. Watt, It, P. Boise, James
MoRrlde, Ed Gary, A. J. Hembree,
Joel Palmer. R. C- Kinney, Matthew
P. Deudy and my father. Most of the
men active In public affairs then have
taken the long trail.
."General Joe Lane and my futher
were great friends. General Lane
was a delegate to congress. He re
turned to .Oregon aa governor and
three day after he got here he re-1
a'gned and became a candldute for
ongress against A. A. Skinner. This
was In 1863. Lane won over Skinner,
My father and Lane campaigned to
gether. Lane WaB a very dignified
man, very sure of himself. He hod
made a splendid record In the Mexican
war, and was an able "and lovable
man. When my father was out with
him campaigning they stopped at a
little crossroads community In Polk
county, My father was a good mixer.
He Invlfed everybody to have a drink.
He said, 'Come on, general, and take
a drink with your constituents. These
men are all going to vote for you
General Lane In a very dignified way
thanked him, but said he didn't drink.
My father put a flusk In his saddle
bags and they started on. When
they had got safely away down the
road a mile or so General Lane said,
'Now I will accept your hospitality,
and take a drink,' My father Raid, 'To
hell you will. If you can't drink with
me before your constituents. I art not
going to let you drink with me out
here alone.' Father took out the bot
tle and, rising It to his lips, said 'Well
here's to you,' and took a drink. He
repeated that every mile or so. Gen
eral Lane becoming more and more
Indignent.' It was raining and General
Lane was cold. He finally told my
father he needed It as a precaution
against catching old. but my father
Just tipped the bottle up, took another
drink and said, 'We will soon strike a
settler's house and you can go in and
get warm.' About dusk they came to
a settler's house where they decided
to stay for the night. They threw
their saddles off and took their horses
out to stake them. General Lane hur.
ried back white my father waa stak
ing his horse, got the bottle out of the
saddlebag, and when father came back
he said, aa he tipped the bottle up.
Here's to you, you scoundrel. I will
see that you don't got any more of
this.' And he kept his word, too. '
Glbbs In the same position at Umpqua
and William M. King to be port sur.
veyor at Portland, and he made A. L.
Lovejoy postal agent.
"When the Rogue River Indian war
broke out Colonel Bonneville wus In
Command at Fort Vancouver. MV
father helped raise a company of vol.
unteers and was made captain. L. F.
Grover Ttai first lieutenant and W. K.
Heule second lieutenant. Along in the
summer my father took a company
down to Yoncalla. ' A l.ttle while
after that General Joe Lane defeated
the Indians at the battle of Table
Rock. In the spring of 1854 my fath
er was made brigadier general, Cap
tain M. M. McCarver was made com
missary general, and E. M. Burnum
was appointed adjutant general.
"When General Lane came back to
Oregon as governor, before he resign
ed to run for congress, he put In B. F.
Harding as United States attorney, m
father as Unltod States marshal and
Joel Palmer as superintendent of In
dian affairs, John Adair as collector
of customs down at Astoria, A. C.
"Politics In those days got pretty
warm. In 1869 Colonel 33. D. Baker
came to Oregon from California and
worked for Logan, who was the Re
publican candidate for congress. My
futher vas very active In this cam
paign. Stout beat Logan by a narrow
margin. It was in this campaign that
my father and General Lane drifted
apart. My father waa for the Union.
General Lane wanted to form a re
public on the Pacific coast. Gwlnn of
California was one of the prime mov
ers of this scheme. They figured that
the North and South would come to
blows and form two distinct coun
tries, and that In the mlxup they
wotlld start a republic of their own out
here on the Pacific coast. My father's
work In this campaign brought him
into such prominence that when the
legislature met In September, 1809, in j
Salem, the Douglas Democrats united j
and voted for my father and Williams
while the Republicans voted for Col
onel 13. D. Huker and Holbrook. They
had a stormy session and finally ad
journed without electing anybody. The
governor asked them to come back and
try it over again, so finally they re
assembled and got together. My fa
ther. Colonel Nesmith, was elected for
the long term In the United States
senate and Colonel Baker for the
short term. That meant that our
family would have to go East. 1 was
a little chap. We went by the Isth
bus of Panama. My father went to
Wushlngton. but mother and the rest
of us stayed with relatives at College
Hill, near Cincinnati, till 1887, when
we all returned to our home In Polk
county."
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, ; Mid Feel j
BOLSHEVIK! RULE HAS BEEN RUINOUS TO
ES
(Continued from page 10)
.uma have been Introduced, the pro
ductiveness of tabor has .Increased
from 25 to 50 per cent. It is obviouft
that, from the point of economics, on
the whole the proletariat has not
come up to the standard, and that is
why it has been necessary to take
such measures as the Introduction of
piecework and premiums,' writes the
Izvcstla (May 6, No. 647.)
"Very curious Is the notice about
the 'Working Day' In the Prtegrad
newspaper Sevenaya Kommuna. It
exudes frank state serfdom, under
which every Individual workman is
regarded, not as a free man, but as a
slave. It Is Interesting to note that
the conception of obligation ia not
limited to labor, but Is transferred to
the realms of the spiritual and mental
life of the happy inhabitants of the
soviet paradise. j
"'The ideal working day Is six or
seven hours, but with the obligatory
condition of employing one's leisure
on cultural values, such as art, sci
ence, philosophy, etc All sciences
have to be studied In the spirit of
Karl Max as the detailed reports in
the same newspaper on extra-scholastic
education declare. That is to
say, they are practically concerned
with the spread of communistic Ideas
among the masses, as only that is con
sidered aa education.
"In examining in detail the partic
ulars of the working day, the author
says that the eight-hour day must be
extended to non-soviet employes like
wise; that is, to brain workers. Evi
dently this Is an indirect answer to
the workmen's grumbling about the
Idleness of the numerous soviet offi
cials. The publlst of the official Sev-
eernaya Kommuna seems to be look
ing for an excuse.
1 "IntcllcetBat Bread.'
"If the productiveness of labor
among the employes is not very great,
the reason is to be found in the under
feeding and exhaustion, and partly in
that secession of the - Intellectuals
which Is the result of the November
coup d'etat, and also in the universal
slackness owing to what people have
had to go through during the war and
the revolution. This mast be' com-
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Next "time figure on letting us figure on it. " ,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN
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Chas. Plumber Miller
W. Tourt and Garden Streets, Pendleton. Telephone 202
baud by Improved feeding, education
Buwa-ta treasure ir ia hardly
mo, mere will be any .improve
ment in the food supply In the near
future. Therefore, throwing aside all
possibility, of letting- th tmnlnv..
"icir mi or earthly bread, the Bol
shevist proposes to feed them with
.nieueciuu bread, 1. e., to force starv
ins men 10 listen to communixtln Inq
uires m their free time.
"This Is the way that the more con
oici. ouisnevist communists are
iryinff 10 raise the Droductivcnam nt
laDor. And here is what thou uv
who loek more intently into life and
who have the honesty to speak aloud
01 wnat they have observed.
"The food policy of the Soviets, the
basis of their communistic system is
rounded on the peasants being; obllg.
eu io give up all their corn to the
government, with the exception of
small cation for their own consump
tion.. Corn can neither be bought nor
soia ireely. Here are the results:
. 'The rations for the .Vladimir
Province are fixed at 12 pounds per
neao. per month, and, to tell the truth.
mm ration Is very lnadeauate. With
the exception of the peasants, the pod
ula,tion is so exhausted that this has
boon the cause of the decline In the
productiveness of labor and of many
misunderstandings. The workmen
lodge complaints at the central food
Institutions "Narkomprod" (national
food commissariat). There follows
an enumeration of a series of places
from which such complaints have
been sent.
The JCarkomprod ignores all tele
grams. They have evidently become
Inured to the constant "howl" of the
famished, and have become so ac
customed to the dazed look of pro
vincial petitioners that they have giv
en it up as a bad job.
. " It Is only when the workmen- at
Vlatnlkovo went on strike and came
Into the streets demanding bread, that
the central Institutions made hate
to send them 17 carloads of corn,
which worked out at an average of 1 8
pounds per head.' (Isvestia, May 8,
No. 849.)
"This is an account of the state of
affairs In the textile factory region.
No wonder that under such conditions
the productiveness of labor has de
clined 'by 80 per cent, even according
to official data.
"Such Is the condition of the Indus
trial proletariat, the dictatorship of
which the Soviet has announced with
succh a flourish, of trumpets.
"The condition of the pnsantry Is
hardly better."
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