a
Page Fifteen
Twenty-Eight Pago
East Oregonian Round-Up Souvenir Edition
Pendleton, Oregon, Friday, September 21, 1917.
Grain Raising Plus Stock Growing
Offers Success for Dry Farm Region
Let 'er Buck
Let 'er Buck
WASHINGTON, Hep.. 20. The fu
ture of tho dry lunds of central Ore
icon Ilea In the combination of grain
v ith stock. Bay special. Hta in the U. 8.
Jbepurtment of AffHnulture. The total
area of thin section in about 26,000,000
bcren, of which probably 1,000,000 can
txj Irrigated eventually. Of the re
mainder, approxlmatnly 4,000,000 acres
ciin be dry funned, and the rest fitted
only for range. Under thenn c ire urn -atancofi,
says a new publication of the
V. H. Department of AKrlcuJture, Far
mers' Bulletin K00, It 1h probable that
the day of the Hinall stockman-farmer
In thiH section Is at hand. The ranKes
iitUHt be brought under control so that
they can not be destroyed by overgraz
ing and In connection with some sys
tem of control or rotation grazing,
dry furminir must be employed to grow
grain for the winter feeding, and the
flnthhing of stork. If this Is done, cen
tral Oregon should produce many
times an much wealth as It has in the
pant.
As the average annual rainfall In
this section is about 11 Inches, which
Usually is sufficient to produce crops
on good, well-farmed Soil, the princi
pal drawback to crop production Is
not lack of moisture but the frequen
cy of summer frosts. The frost-free
period Is seldom more than 40 to DO
days. Under these conditions, it has
been found that winter wheat Is the
best yielding grain crop on the soils
adapted to its culture. Rye. oats and
Varley follow In the order named.
From the standpoint of yield and
value when cut for hay, however, rye
must be placed before wheat.
"Winter wheat Is particularly adapted
to the valley silt loams and the pla
teau fine sandy loams but only In lo
calities where snow lies on the ground
throughout the winter and where
frosts do not occur too regularly in
late June and July. Experience has
shown that it is not profitable to grow
what on the same area two years In
succession. Some rotation should be
adopted which allows the land a yar
of fallow between wheat crops. This
is true of spring wheat as well as win
ter, r t the Harney Kxperiment Sta
tion, for instance, sprint? wheat grown
for four yearn continuously yielded on
an avrrage -5 bushels per acre, which
meant it was estimated a net loss of
$1.65 a year. Vh-n the same land
was fm miner fallowed evry second
ypir th avernge crop W;is 18.5 butm
el. w 'ilrh mnant. mnking all the ne-
coMru allownnt's. a not gain of
$.f7 rer acre. On n 32". nrre form,
this w uld morn that the vills from
continuous cropping would bring the
farmer $T2R los nth an it cost htm to
produce the crop. On the other
hand, if h cropped half his lend each
year nml allowed the other half to lie
In fallow, his returns would be $411
over the cost of production. On thlseach year, cropping it to Krain the fo
taals, therefore, there Is a difference
of $939 a year in favor of summer
fallow.
This, , it may be said, applies equ
ally to the other Important crops
rye, oats and barley. Kye Is today
the principal crop grown on the dry
farming lands of central Oregon, but
wheat may yet outrank it. Winter
rye Is the only type now grown, but
it frequently is sown in early spring,
and under those circumstances, will
succeed on nearly all soils and under
nearly all climatic conditions in cen
tral Oregon where any grain crop will
succeed. Delay of one or two weeks,
however In seeding often results in
failure. When sown In the fall, win
ter rye is adapted particularly to the
valley silt loams and to the plateau
fine sandy loams where there is usu
ally a winter covering of snow. For
feeding purposes, the value of rye
grain Is probably not as great as that
of wheat, barley or oats, but, never
theless, it usually sells on the mar
ket for about the same price per
pound as wheat. As a hay crop for
wintering stock from the range, good
management may result in making It
worth to the feeder as much as $7 or
$8 a ton.
In the production of pounds of grain
per acre, oats may be expected to rank
second to wheat, under average condi
tions upon fallowed land. As a mar
ket crop or as a feed crop for fatten
ing meat animals, however, oats do not
have as high a feed value as wheat.
Winter oats will not survive the ordi
nary winter, and spring oats are best
adapted to the valley silt loams. An
average yield of about 3 0 bushels per
acre may be expected on summer fal
lowed land.
Parley, says the bulletin, is
lowing year, and sowing some other
crop on the stubble the following
spring. As the stubble land may be
double disked, this scheme makes
plowing necessary only once in three
years. On the other hand, few crops
will make a profitable yield in average
years if they follow a grain crop. Kye,
field peas and possibly sweet clover,
do best under these circumstances.
Peas have the advantage of being not
only a leKuminous crop which adds
nitrogen to the soil, but also a culti
vated crop, and cultivation will help
in the production of good yields of the
grain crop that follows.
In planting any kind of grain It is
Important good seed Hhould be se
lected. This must be of a variety
which Is adapted to the soil and cli
matic conditions of the region and
which possesses earllness and hardi
ness. A few additional cents per acre
for good seed, says the bulletin, usu
ally will be returned many times In
the value of the crop. It is also very
desirable to adopt the precaution of
treating seed grain with a formalde
hyde solution in order to make certain
that It Is free from smut. The usual
strength of the solution Is 45 gallons
of water to,! pound of 4 0 per cent for
maldehyde. A full discussion of this
treatment for grain smut is contained
In Farmers Bulletin fi07. a copy of
which may be obtained by applying to
the Department of Agriculture. Wash
ington. D. C. fare should be taken, it
Is said, that the formaldehyde be of
standard strength such as is supplied
in sealed bottles, and that the grain
should not be allowed to become infect
ed again after treatment by using
sacks or drills which have not been
disinfected with the formaldehyde.
Timely Information As to Pay and
Requirements of United States Army
Continued from page 14.
There is no provision at present
for parcel-post service between our
forces In Kurope and the United
States or Its possessions.
Private telegrams to be cabled to
members of the American Expedi
tionary Force in Europe will be ad
dressed "Amex-force, London,' wlta
the addressee's name and the offl
cia designation of the unit to which
he belongs appearing as the first
words of the text.
Under no circumstances shoull
prob- t lhe location or station of a unit be
ably less adapted to central Oregon
dry farming lands than wheat, oats or
rye. It does very well where the soil
Is usually quite moist and in seasons
of abnormally heavy summer rainfall.
HorleV, like oats, should In Eeneral be
grown onlv for feeding on the farms
where produced.
As has been pointed out. it Is not
profitable to grow any of thepe grains
consecutively on the same land. Some
rotation, therefore, is necessary to
profitable returns. The simplest one
In that In which a grain crop is fol
lowed by a year of fallow. This plan,
however, does nothing to maintain the
fertility of the soil and. where possible
II is advisable for this reason to in
clude nitrogen gathering rmpg lil'e
pens and sweet clover. Alfalfa can
not be included In a short rotation, be
cause it Hhould be kept on the land
for several years once a stand has
been established.
A three-year rotation which has
certain advantages consists of sum
mer fallowing one-third of the land
designated In the address or body of
a telegram.
Examples are given as follows:
A telegram to Captain John B.
Jones, Medical Corps, United Stated
Army Rise Hospital No 10. Araerl
can Expeditionary Forces, would be
in the folowlng form;
Amexforce, London,
John B. Jones. Base Hospital
Number 10:
Have followed your Instructions.
MARY JONES.
Or, for Private H. K. Smith, Com
pany K, Forty-seventh United H.hum
Infantry:
Amexforce. Iondon,
John H. Jo cmfwy mfwy fksarb
H K. Smith. 'o. K, Forty-seventh
!'. S. Infantry:
Will not change address.
JANE SMITH
To comply with European censor
ship regulations all messages must
be written In plain language (Eng
lish or French), or in an internation-
branches, as Indicated In paragraph
186. A considerable number of pro
visional second lieutenants are lso
required. (Wee paragraph 187 and
following.
185- Avenues for entering the ar
my. Officers for the reular army are
graduates from the West Point mili
tary academy or those who have
passed examination for provisional (
second lieutenant (.see paragraph 187
and following), or such reserve of
ficers as may be assigned. The en
listed men of the regular army are J
volunteer or those assigned f rom j
the selective draft. (See paragraph ,
1 94 and following j
Enlistments on or after May IS
are for the period qr the emergency,
and it is the policy of the war de
partment to treat enlistments from
April 1, 191", on the same basis,
186. The regiments added to the
regular army to bring It up to war
strength are
Engineers, 4 regiments, organiza
tion completed.
Cavalry. 8 regiments, organization
completed.
t Field Artillery. 12 regiments, or
ganization completed.
Coast artillery. 10,000 men, list
full.
Infantry. 27 regiments 1,96 3
each ). organization partly completed.
Severtil thousand recruits were re
quired for the Signal Corps. Includ
ing aviation ) . nuarterm aster enrn-)
' and medical department (sanitary
t forces). These lists have been filled
, except for specially qualified men.
I In addition to the recruits needed
17 '
I Want to Buy-
HORSES MULES
a I code, and must be intelligible to
the censors. The use of two codes to fill the 27 new infantry regiments
required to
languages or of combinations of
code and plain language 1n the same
message Is forbidden. Code language
may be used only in full-rate mes
sages 0
Codes authorized by the British
censorship are:
A. B. C 5th; Scott's 10th; Western
Union; I-eiber's; Bentley's Complete
' ri MM iA MM
From 15-2 to
16-1 hand.
From 15 to
16-1 hands
Highest prices paid
Be sure and see me before
you sell your stock.
From 50 to 100 Horses and
Mules Always on
Hand to Sell
I can furnish you just what you want.
PmdSetea Horse & Mule Market
J. H. LUCK, Prop.
O. K. Feed Yard, Pendleton. 621 Aura Street
Phrase Code (not IncludliiR the oil
unit mineral supplements) ; Broom -hall's
Imperial Combination Code:
rubber edition; Myers- Atlantic Cot
ton Code, thlrty-nlntn edition; River
side Code, fifth edition.
In CABe a of code message. the
name of the code must be deslBnate.1
when the messaire is filed.
Every telegraph messaKe must be
slimed. The surname alone may bo
used but such a signature as "John,"
"Mary,- "Mother," etc, Will not b..
passed.
Attention Is called to the fact that
there are three classes of service
available full rate. deferred rate,
and week end rate.
It Is the Intention of the war de
partment to detail an officer spec
ially to care for army mall matters.
The IiMmiar Army.
184. Men needed. About 15.000
recruits were needed on July 30 for
the roeular army tn the various
aoout 23.000 men were
brinfi the 37 infantry regiments
thoriwd for peace times up to
war footing.
Recruits over the 300.000 resular
forces are needed to fill vacancies In
order that the war strenpth may be
maintained. Men may conseauentlv
enlist In the regular army even after
ne authorized strength has
reached.
the
been
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for a
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Snorfin' "
GO
Timo
TO BT
what
But you will also need clothes for the coming season and that is just exactly
t.iu .iwx.f You will want to stock ur before you leave town,
or probably you will need some "sport in' " clothes while you are iiyin arouna
in town. You hare all beard of us, if you haven't you have missed something.
We are the best and the largest chain of Merchantile store in the United State,
operating 175 busy stores in 22 of these glorious old states. Our system of con
ducting our stores is quite different than any merchants today. Instead of al
lowing credit to anyone we extend it to no one, thus eliminating a tremendous
loss through bad accounts. In cities it costs from &V3 to 10 cents to deliver a
package. We do not deliver any thing, and in that way we cut down our over
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two or three porters standing around eating up the profits. In other words we
are on a plain business foundation and can therefore undersell all merchants.
Our expense for doing business is about 10. The other fellow takes from 25
to 30 to turn a dollar. Somebody has to pay for this.
Another asset which we have that the one store man has not, is our buying
power. We retain 15 buyers in New York at all times, buying enormous quan
tities of goods for our 175 stores. Demanding large concessions for quantity
purchases as well as our strictly cash payment system for our goods. We are
thus enabled to sell on a closer margin of profit than even the mail order house,
and we know that if you should step into our store and examine the quality as
well as the price you will be convinced that we are right.
Have your mail sent here;
make your headquarters
here; meet your friends
here; follow the crowds
here; come here.
Js'" 4
Let 'er Buck
Let 'er Buck
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