PAGE EIGHT.
DAILY EAST OREGONIAN, PENDLETOX, OREGON, FRIDAY, MAY H, 190C.
TEN PAGES.
HD FUND FOR WEST
DRY FARMING EXPERIMENTS
RECEIVE NO AID.
Congress Refuses to Appropriate 80,
000 for D17 Fanning Experiments
in the Arid Belt Secretary Wilson
Favors the Appropriation of Gov
crnmoit Fund for the Promotion
of Dry Farming.
Th1 agricultural appropriation bill,
which passed the house only a few
days ago and Is now pending In the
senate, carries no provision for dry
farming experiments In the arid and
semi-arid regions of the west, for
which purpose $60,000 was asked at
one time by Representative Marshall,
of North Dakota and Representative
Mondell of Wyoming. Western mem
bers made a hard fight for the appro
priation, but lost.
The scene of action now shifts to
the senate, where the fight for an ap
propriation to investigate methods of
dry land farming in the west will be
continued and probably pushed to a
successful end. The chances of the
provision In the senate are much bet
ter than they were In the house. The
senate committee on agriculture,
which Is now considering the agricul
tural hill as passed by the house, is
composed of 11 senators.
Chairman Redfleld Proctor, of Ver
mont, and Senator Henry Burntiam,
of New Hampshire, are the only east
ern members on the committee. Five
members are from the west and four
from the south. Representative Mon
dell, chairman of the house commit
tee on irrigation, is confident the sen
ate will vote money for the much
needed experiment investigation.
Secretary Wilson, of the department
of agriculture, made the following re
port on the Marshall bill, providing
for this work:
"It is the evident Intention of the
framer of this bill to provide addi
tional funds for the development and
extension of the work in dry farming
already begun under the appropria
tion made last session for cereal In
vestigations. "This work has developed so rapid
ly and the demands from the people
in the semi arid portions of the coun
try have become ao urgent within the
last few months, that It Is now evi
dent that additional funds will be
necessary If the work Is to be develop
ed to the extent demanded by he con
ditions which exist In this vast area,
which cannot be reclaimed by irriga
tion, but which must be utilized by
some method of dry land farming. In
order to provide homes for the peo
ple who are flocking to these unoccu
pied lands In such large numbers, and
to prevent as far as porsible the dis
astrous failures that have heretofore
been the resu't it attempts to settle
tii 11 region. 1 huvo a number of timet
caVed atten'ijii in my annual repo:t
to the imp rtan. of this line of In
vestigation." Representative Marshall, of North
Dakota, referring to his bill the other
day, said:
Government Aid.
"I appeared before the agricultural
committee recently and made a strong
statement of the conditions prevailing
In an Immense tract of country, about
200 miles in width, which extends
from the Canadian line to the Gulf of
Mexico. For several years prelimi
nary work has been in progress by the
department of agriculture in the
study ot dry land agriculture. Nearly
one-third of the area of the United
States has Insufficient rainfall for the
best culture of the ordinary crop
Plants. '
"It has been pointed out In previ
ous reports that after all possible ex
tension is made of irrigation there;
must remain enormous areas, approx
imating a fourth of the entire land
surface of this country, which will
necessarily remain perpetually in their
present arid or seml-arld condition
' for want of an adequate supply of
water for Irrigation.
"Dry farming is a necessity in or
der to utilize such lands where irri
gation can never be prectlced. Enough
preliminary work has now been ac
complished to show that large areas
of such dry, but often extremely fer
tile lands can ultimately be utilized
After Severe Illness
1 1 srii ivvw
I
1.
most
by adopting systems of dry farming
and cultural methods and specially
adapted crop plants.
"To carry out the Introduction ,cf
new Industries In such regions it is
necesAiry to study most carefully the
life history of each particular crop
which It is desired to Introduce, in
order to determine with some degree
of accuracy Its needs as to climate
and soil and its cultural requirements
and the best methods of marketing or
otherwise utilizing its products. It Is
believed that a careful Investigation
of this whole subject will establish
methods and systems and determine
the crops suited to build up agricultu
ral Industries on a safe basis in such
regions.
"The simple facts are that a vast
area of country extending, as I have
said, from the Canadian line to the
Gulf of Mexico, has recently been and
is being settled up rapidly to home
steaders, and throughout that region
there Is what may be termed an area
of doubtful rainfall, the rain averag
ing from 10 to 15 and possibly. In
some small sections, 20 inches per
annum. Owing to a few recent extra
good years the people have been
pouring In there, but unless some
remedy Is found for the prevailing
conditions many of them will suffer
and be obliged to desert their homes."
JAMESTOWN EXPOSITION.
First American Settlement to Be Cei
ebrated From April 28 to December
1, 1907.
The following brief review of the
objects of the Jamestown exposition
which is to be held at Jamestown.
Va., from April 28 to December 1,
1907, Is sent out by the exposition
publicity bureau:
The Jamestown exposition opens
April 2 and closes December 1, 1907,
celebrates the 300th anniversary of
the first permanent settlement of
English-speaking people In America.
Jamestown, Va., was founded May
13, 1607, by 103 pioneers, who pro
ceeded at once to convert a forest in
to a village. They cut trees, built
log cabins, and planted grain.
They passed through periods of In-
creditable suffering and fair prospects
until they established themselves per
manently in the new world.
Before 1619, the colony of Virginia
included many settlements along the
James river and on the peninsula be
tween the James and the York, and
during the month of June that year
a legislature, elected by popular suf
frage, convened at Jamestown.
The house of burgesses was not
only the first American legislature,
but It held Its first session more than
one year before the pilgrims' landing.
Jamestown was the cradle of the
republic, and the United States, Im
perial as it Is, may be said to be an
elaboration of Jamestown, for the
principles promulgated there have en
tered Into the moulding of the Amer
ican constitution. The Jamestown
exposition will celebrate historically
the evolution of the country from
1607 to 1907.
RAILROAD INTO KLAMATH.
Delayed But Not Crippled, ' by the
Earthquake.
President Naftzger, of the N. & C.
E. railroad, arrived here from San
FranciCO yesterday. In discussing
the extension of the railroad with the
Klamath Falls Express, Mr. Naftzger
said:
"You tell the people of Klamath
Falls and Klamath county that the
recent disaster at San Francisco will
not Interfere with the construction of
a railroad Into this county. The con
gested condition of affairs in San
Francisco, owing to the earthquake.
may delay matters for a few days, but
the work will be pushed along as
rapidly as possible, and you may say
to the people In the strongest terms
that the road will be build according
to former plans."
The contract for grading 20 miles
had been let before the destruction
the E. B. & A. L. Stone company, are
Peterson of that city, the contractors,
had 250 head of horses, machines and
other equipment ready for shipment
at the time of the earthquake, a por
tlon of the same being already loaded
on the cars. The other contractors,
the E. B. & A. L. Stone company, is
I pushing the wort" on their contract,
and It is an assured fact that Klamath
i Falls will soon hear the snort of the
iron horse as It winds Its way through
! a fertile valley Into southern Ore
I gon's coming metropolis.
when the bodily forces are low, and
you are weak and feeble
HWSER-BUSc
zn(mfofse
will impart strength and bodily vigor.
The tissue-forming properties of . Barley
Malt are taken quickly into the circulation,
as this food-tonic is predigested and is
gratefully received and retained by the
delicate stomacn.
Sold by all Druggists and Grocer
w Anheuser-Busch Brewing Aas'n " "
St. Loals. U.S. A. j
CLIFF DWELLERS
R KM A UK ABLE DISCOVER
IES IN THE SOUTHWEST.
William I Flnley Writes a Fascinat
ing Article for Pacific Monthly for
May on the Marvelous. Pa laws of
the Cliffs In tlie Southwestern
States and Territories.
The history of the great American
continent as It was before white men
came, Is an ever fascinating subject.
Especially is the tradition and history
of the American desert a subject of
vital Interest to all. In the Pacific
Monthly for May, William L. Flnley
has an excellent article on the "Cliff
Dwellers of the Southwest," giving mi
nuto descriptions of the marvelous
palaces found In Colorado, Arizona
and New Mexico.
Of these dwellings, Mr. Flnley says:
Two groups of ruins are most re
markable because of their extent and
marvelous architecture. These are
the ruins of the Mesa Verde of south
western Colorado and the ruins of the
canyons de Chelly and Del Muerto,
In New Mexico and Arizona.
The Mesa Verde, the green mesa or
tablo land, overlooks the valley of the
Rio Mancos, and Is seamed, with sev
eral canyons In all of which cliff
dwellings of more or less Importance
have been found. While Jackson and
Holmes, members of the Hayden sur
vey, in 1871 and 1875 discovered and
described some ruins of this region,
it was left to a cowboy named Richard
Wetherlll to find the most Important
He came upon them while after a
band of stray cattle. The discovery
that many a scientist would have trav
eled thousands of miles to have had
the honor of finding, was the village
settlement named by Wetherlll, "The
Cliff Palace," on account of Its strik
ing magnificence and Its wonderful
state of preservation.
Another important set of ruins In
the southwest Is that of the Chaco
canyon, In New Mexico, about 65
miles off the main line of the Santa
Fe. The chief ruin here Is that of
the Pueblo Bonlta. This pueblo Is
built In approximately a semi-circu
lar shape, with a total perimeter of
1500 feet. It was undoubtedly an or
dinary pueblo community house, and
had in its complete condition 1200
rooms. This is the estimate made by
Richard Wetherlll, who located upon
the Pueblo Bonlta and "took It up"
as a homestead.
Near many of he cliff dwellings
and other ruins, Interesting picture-
graphs are to be found; Indeed some
of them are actually on the walls of
the buildings themselves. There Is no
known method of interpreting these
plcturegraphs except by gaining their
meaning from the traditions of the In
dians whose ancestors made them. On
page 563 men are clearly to be seen
as well as the wavy lines, which often
symbolize water.
It Is not Inappropriate In closing
this cursory survey of so large and
important a field, to ask who were the
cliff-dwellers and where have they
gone? Many theories have been pro
pounded, chief among which was that
they were Aztecs who were on their
way to their southern home In Mexico.
Hubert Howe Bancroft has done more
than any one else to explode this the
ory. After having disposed of the
claim that they were Aztecs, Mr. Ban
croft goes on to argue who they were.
After a thorough study of the re
mains found In the ruins and more
particularly the legends of the Pueblo
Indians, Navajos and others, as to
their own origin, Mr. Bancroft has
concluded that the cliff dwellers and
the present day Pueblos are one and
the same.
SWIFTS BUY IN PORTLAND.
Big Packing Company Said to Have
Purchased Union Meat Company.
That Swift & Co. have purchased
the Union Meat company of Portland
as a nucleus of the great packing
plant that the Chicago men will es
tablish here Is no longer doubted by
those who are closely associated with
the packers, says the Oregon Daily
Journal. J. C. Good, of Chicago.
western manager for Swift & Co.,
n
7ft
!
r
P you
tailors
Men's
flljyjVnjanilnft
came to Portland two days ago, bring
ing two auditors. They are compil
ing a statement from the books of the
Union Meat company and verifying
the work done on the occasion of Mr.
Good's former visit
Today Mr. Good went to Troutdale
and made a thorough Inspection of the
Union Meat company's plant there.
The packing business built up In
Portland by J. B. O'Shea Is extensive
and complete, and a vast amount of
detail work Is involved in anything
like an expert examination of the
property and business. On this work
Mr. Good and his assistants are now
engaged.
It is said that .on his last visit an
option was taken on the Union Meat
company's packing business and all
property and appurtenances thereto,
and today he is carrying out the usual
plan of the large packing concerns In
making a final examination and ac
counting of every part of the business
before closing the purchase. It is
said the Swift company will be ready
to take over the Portland plants
June 1,
WILL BE QUAKE PROOF.
New San Francisco Will Bo Made
Largely of Steel.
Latest authentic reports from San
Francisco confirm the opinion of ex
perts as to the ability of the modern
steel structure in withstanding both
fire and earthquake. A commission
which has been out to Investigate has
found that, almost without exception,
the steel frame buildings were still
standing. Where they had been at
tacked by fire, the damage was mostly
confined to the contents.
The big office buildings which were
at first reported to have been entire
ly destroyed have been found com
paratively undamaged. The Chronicle,
Mills, Crocker, Mutual Life and .Union
Trust buildings, which were of hol
low tile and steel construction are but
little Injured and will soon be ready
for occupancy again. It was found
that the earthquake had but slight
effect upon them and that the fire
which subsequently swept through
them merely wiped out fittings and
furniture. The walls, floors and par
titions were left Intact.
The great conflagrations of Bal
timore, Rochester and Toronto em
phasized the effectiveness of the pro
trar'.ed steel and hollow tile struc
ture In withstanding fire. The dis
aster at San Francisco has shown
that it is equally effective In resisting
earthquake, and it is the general be
lief that this Is the type of construc
tion which will be used In rebuilding
San Francisco.
New buildings of this type are al
ready going up. A few days ago the
directors of the Humboldt bank met
and decided to go ahead as fast as
possible on the new bank which will
be located on Market street, near
Fourth. It Is to be a 17 story struc
ture into which will go 1500,000 In
steel and hollow tile.
Work on the new Chronicle build
ing has also been resumed. The 10
stories which had been completed
when the disaster came were found
to be entirely undamaged. The new
building Is to be a magnificent struc
ture 20 stories high. It Is believed that
this and the Humboldt bank will be
the first completed of the type of
buildings wnich owners are putting
up especially to avoid any recurrence
of the recent disaster.
The future city of the Golden Gate
will be both fireproof and earthquake
proof, If the plans which architects
and builders are making are carried
out. The buildings which stood
against both blaze and seismic dla
turbance will be models for the new
city as well as for the future "un-
burnable city," wherever It Is built.
Ou the Menu.
"What have you in the larder 7'
asked the cannibal king of the chef.
"Not so much today, your elevated
ness," explained the chef. "Nothing
except a printer and an actor.
"Oh, well, fix them up some way."
The chef bowed several times and
then rubbed his hands together.
"What are you waiting for 7" asked
the cannibal king.
"Would your serene altltudlnous
excellency deign to suggest some
method of preparing the two persons
some dish, for Instance, that would
be pleasant to your royal palate?"
''Don't go to any bother. Just put
the printer in the pi and the actor in
the supe."
And the court jester stepped up
and resigned. Judge.
The czar's private estates cover 100,
000 square miles.
Made in New York
accept as final the decision of
of New York Gty in matters relating to
Clothes, your own sack suit will be
shaped in the back and there will be no vents
whatsoever.
The Alfred Benjamin & Co. label signifies cor
rectness their clothes are made a block from Broad
way, a minute's walk from Fifth Avenue, in. strict
accordance with the
prevailing fashion.
The name of their
n AAKERS.
.
local agent is part of this announcement.
Correct Clothes lor Men
1
AND
MEANING
The commission appointed by the!
government to translate Into concise,
correct English all Indian names!
found In the geography of the United
States has on Its hands a job of great
magnitude, as may be comprehended
when it is considered that more than
6000 names, now fixed to various
points between Maine and California
and the Canadian line and the Rio
Grande commemorate the fact that
the Red Man once was the sole pos
sessor of the land. The names of his
chiefs and of his tribes are forever
fixed In memory. Indian traditions
are perpetuated and musical Indian
words have been incorporated Into
our tongue a legacy of poetry and ro
mance even In this practical age.
Every name the Indian gave meant
something. He left to his paleface
brother the absurdities of prefixing to ,
Z7U0 towns and settlement the stale
descriptive terms, east, west, north,
south; he left to the white man the
confusion of S3 Springflelds In one
union, and not a fifth of which were
ever built In a field or by a spring;
of Plnevllles without a pine, Oakdalea
without an oak, Weymouths and Ply
mouths that are not at the mouth of
the Wey, the Plym or any other river;
of Mount Vernons 25 strong, many of
them without even a hill to their
credit, and of 1100 New Havens, New
Yorks, Newtons and New everything
else, all of which have long since
ceased to be new.
Indians Named Mean Something.
Not so with the Indian. He pitched
his wigwam beside the stream.
Through the curling waters the long,
dark stones on the river's bed looked
like otters at play and forthwith the
camping place received the name It
bears today Kalamazoo "Stones
like otters" In the Indian tongue.
Again he saw on a river bank a
pine tree wreathed In flames; for
hours It threw Its torch-like glare
over the landscape, as would have
beamed the glow of some council fire
fed by attendant warriors, and Poto
mac that region became, a literal
translation of which is, "the place of
the burning pine that resembles a
council fire." Poughkecpsle Is "a
safe harbor for small boats"; Nor
rldgewock, "the place of deer," On
tario, "the village on the mountain";
Saranac, "the river that flows under
rock"; and Saratoga, "the place of
the miraculous waters In a rock."
Similarly, Schenectady is "the river
valley behind the pine trees," Scho
harie Is "the tributary that flows Its
waters strong over and across the
main stream"; the Wabash Is "a cloud
blown forward by a equinoctial
wind"; Monnngahela Is "the falling
nl bank river"; Rappahannock, "the
river of quick rising water," and To
ronto, "oak trees rising from the
lake." Such words ,show a wondrous
skill In the art of word painting, and
their exprepslve; Indian tongue re
flects their impressions with a vivid
minuteness Impossible to more cum
bersome English.
Poetic and Otherwise.
There is no commonplace In Indian
names. All of the Indian's terms are
picturesque, because they are alive
and full of meaning to him. A thous
and examples could be given. Once,
before the white man's day, the cav
ing In of a river bank revealed the
huge fossil tusk of some prehistoric
monster. At once the river received
the name of Chemung ("Big Horn"),
and generations of squaws told to
generations of pappooscs the tradi
tions of the big bones and white jaws
that once had been found there.
IT
PAYS
to buy MENNEN'S
But it does not pay
POWDER nearly as
tell an imperfect and
which, costing about half the cost of MEN
NEN'S, yields the dealer double profit.
The "just as good" with which some
dealers try to palm off a substitute is true
any way. If it's only " just as good " for
the dealer why push the sale. If it's only
."just as good " for the buyer why risk aa
unknown preparation for MENNEN'S.
There's nothing just as good as MEN
NEN'S BORATED POWDER, and
the dealer who says there Is, risks his
customer's skin and safety to make an
extra profit on a sale.
Have vou tried MENNEN'S VIOLET
BORATED TALCUM TOILET POWDER 1 Ladles
partial to violet perfume will find Mennen's Violet Powder
fragrant with the odor of fresh plucked Parma Violets.
Por Ml
mailed postpaid oil receipt of price, by '
GER.HAR.D MENNEN CO.. Newark, N.
FK ll.ll f lot
the best
Exclusive Agent Here..
Bond Bros.
' Pendleton, Ore.
DF
In K76 a portion of Maine. was vis
ited by a devastating fire. The In
dlan at once gave the region the
name of Schoodlc, the "great burnt
lands," perpetuating forever the name
of the terrible disaster. Orinoco Is
"colling snake," possibly a reference
to the crooked course of the stream,
but more probably marking the nota
ble killing of some venomous reptile.
Sometimes It was the physical feat
ures that were name-reflected. Thus
Wetumpka is "tumbling waters"!
Sandusky, the "cold spring"; Katah
din, the "highest place"; Tioga, the
"swift current"; Niagara, the "neck
of water"; Nahant Is "at the point";
Passumpsic Is "much clear water";
and Chautanqua Is the "foggy place."
Sometimes the Indian's names re
flect his superstitions. Thus Manitou
Is "spirit," Monatuk is "manitou or
spirit tree," and Mlnnowaukon means
"the devil's lake." Sometimes his
names celebrate his hunting or fish
ing exploits. Mackinaw is an abbre
viation of a longer word meaning "the
great turtlo place." Quinsigamond
means "the fishing place for pick
erel." There are several Ammons. which,
as the government has a peculiar pen
chant for lopping off the tcrminatlve
syllables of Indian words, may not un
reasonably be taken to represent Am
monoosus, an expressive Indian word
mean "the fish story river," a proof
positive that the red man, as well as
his successors, was given to telling
tall stories .about his luck In fishing,
Kxpremfams of Hate.
Even the Indian hates and hered
itary feuds find expression In names.
The members of a certain Indian tribe
despised for their peacefulness, were
in contemptuous parllance Ottawas,
"traders," while a fiercely fighting
tribe were admiringly termed Eries or
"wildcats" by their enemies. Iowas
Is a corruption of a derisive word sig
nifying "drowsy or sleepy ones," a
term given by the warlike Sioux of
the north to his quieter red brethren
of the plains. The scornful Iroquois
called each Algonquin' of the New
York mountains an "Adirondack,"
signifying "he eaU bark." The latter
retorted by dubbing each Iroquois a
"Mohaws," or man eater," a grim
testimonial In Its way to the fierce
and relentless Iroquois character.
The family of the Sioux, the famous
fighters of the northwest, divided as
they were Into eight great branches
or sub-tribes, gave to themselves tin
comprehensive name of DakoL.8,
"allied together In friendly compact,"
but their Indian fovmen called them
by the bitter name of Sioux, "cut
throats." The Indian was a born story teller.
Every lake and river, every rock and
every plain had Its story. Its Incident,
lt legend. The Indian gave ever
those names that recalled these le
gends to his mind.
Kidney complaint kills more people
than any other disease. This Is due
to the disease being so Insidious that
it gets a good hold on the system be
fore It Is hecognlzed. Foley's Kidney
Cure will prevent the development of
fatal disease If taken In time. Koep
pen drug store.
Finloy Morrison & Son have sold
their extensive logging plant on the
Washougal river to L. C. Franck, of
Manistee, Mich. The deal involves
180,000 and covers 6000 acres ot yel
low fir, as well as several million feet
of logs now In the Washougal river.
BORATED TAL-
to sell MENNEN 8 M
well, as it tiavs
IS
imoure substitute
Ftt-ilmilt sf log
everywhere for if crate, or
J.
1