East Oregonian : E.O., April 28, 1906, DAILY EVENING EDITION, Page PAGE EIGHT, Image 8

PAGE EIGHT,
DAILY EAST OREGONIAN, PENDLETON, OREGON, SATURDAY, APRIL 28, 1008.
TEN PAGES.
MONEY FOR IRRIGATION EXPERIMENTS
Senator Newlands has Just Intro
duced a bill to provide $15,000 for
conducting experiments to ascertain
what crops can be most profitably
grown and to demonstrate the best
methods of cultivating such crops In
the irrigated districts that will be
opened for settlement under the terms
of the reclamation act approved June
17, 1902. of which act Senator New
lands was one of the most prominent
authors.
If this bill is passed by congress, it
will provide for Investigations that
will be of the greatest value to the
settlers taking up land on the govern
ment projects. Vast amounts of Irri
gated land have recently been opened
for settlement In western United States
by private enterprise, and the opening
of the new government projects In
addition will cause a large influx of
settlers from the east.
Many of these settlers will know
little or nothing of Irrigation crops
rr of irrigation methods, and unless
they have some opportunity for get
ting expert information on such mat
ters, it is feared that many of their
first attempts at Irrigation farming
may result in failure.
Such failures would be unfortunate,
not only to the settlers themselves,
but to the whole government irriga
tion proposition, since If the percent
age of failures on any project Is large,
the government will be put In the em
barrassing position of having to foe-
close on the settlers and deprive them
of their land, In some cases after they
have spent everything they had In
getting a start, and where their fail
ure may have been due to no fault
their own, but simply to Ignorance
of the new conditions.
Owing to the fact that the construc
tion work being done by the govern
n.ent engineers is of a permanent na
ture and of the best type known to
engineering science, the first cost of
the water on the government projects
will be relatively high, but the subse
quent cost of maintenance and opera
tion will be relatively low.
Under the terms of the reclamation
act. this first cost of a project must be
repaid to the government in the first
10 years after the land is open to set'
tlement. This will amount to as much
as $25 or $30 an acre, or In some
cases even more, so that If equally
pro-rated by years. It will amount to
from $2.50 to $3 per acre per year.
In order to meet these payments
and to provide a living for himself and
family, to say nothing of providing
buildings, fences, farm tools and other
necessary improvements, a settler
must either have a reasonable amount
of capital to begin with, or else he
must be successful with his crops
from the start
It Is the purpose of Senator New
land's recently Introduced bill to pro
vide some aid In the way of advice
and example to these new settlers so
that they may make as few failures
as possible. It is said by experts who
have looked Into the situation that the
crops that can be profitably grown in
many of the Irrigation projects are
relatively few in number.
It is claimed that the unlrrlgated
farms of the Mississippi valley and the
great plains can produce most of the
cereal and forage crops much more
cheaply than they-can be grown un
der irrigation, so that the production
of these staple crops on the irrigation
projects must eventually be confined
to supplying local demands.
This leaves the Irrigation farmer to
seek his money crop among such spe
cial crops as fruits, vegetables, hops
and sugar beets. Some of these are
crops that require a long time to
come Into profitable bearing, while
others demand special markets or the
building of expensive factories. So
that It Is claimed that the most seri
ous problems of 'Irrigation farming
begin when the water Is put on the
land.
The first project to be opened for
settlement and supplied with water
under the terms of the reclamation
act Is In western Nevada, In Senator
New'land's own state. This Is known
as the Truckee-Carson project, and
water will be furnished to the settlers
on this project this spring.
It is hoped by Senator Newland that
his bill may result In securing the aid
of the department of agriculture In
conducting experiments on this pro
ject and in bringing to the attention
of the settlers there the crops best
adapted for their conditions.
Through Its various scientific bu
reaus, the deparment of agriculture
has been Investigating for several
years some of the more acute prob
lems that confront the Irrigation far
mer. New crops have been Intro
duced from foreign countries. Im
proved varieties of native crops are
being secured by breeding, methods
have been found by which alkali may
be removed from the soil, and ways
have been discovered of so applying
Irrigation water that Injury by alkali
can be reduced to a minimum.
These and many other questions of
the same nature have been the sub
ject of Investigations In- the depart
ment of agriculture, and It Is believed
that if means can be provided by
which the department can bring the
results of Its Investigations directly
before the people, It will be of the
greatest benefit not only to the set
tlers on the government projects, but
to all the Irrigation farmers of the
west.
SHEEPMEN ARE VERY HOPEFUL
HIrU Prices for Wool and Sheep, and
Lews Very Light.
Says the Boise Statesman:
J. W. Webster, the Fremont county
sheepman and farmer, Is In the city
to attend an executive meeting of the
Idaho - Woolgrowers' association,
which will be held this morning, and
also attend a meeting of the State
Livestock Sanitary board, of which he
Is a member.
Mr. Webster states that the sheep
men In his county are feeling fine
over the condition of their flocks this
year and over the prices that are
ranging In the wool and livestock
markets. He says all the wool In
Fremont county, with the exception
of that of three or four sheepowners
has been sold. The price has ranged
from 21 cents to 24 cents. The larger
portion sold for 22 cents. They are
just commencing to lamb In that sec
tion, this being the usual time.
In March Mr. Webster lambed 4000
of his ewes In sheds and turned out
112 hi per cent. He recently pur
chased 6500 head of breeding ewes
from two to four years old tor $5.25
a head and considers that he secured
a "snap." The man who sold the
sheep Is going out of the business and
was anxious to dispose of his flocks.
The wool on the sheep purchased Is
contracted for 23 cents. There are
not many sheep being offered for sale
In that country, what few are for sale
being priced at 5 . B 0 (ff 6 .
Last winter was the hardest they
have had in Fremont for the last 10
years. It was expensive feeding but
at the same time It was a good winter
to feed. Out of the 30.000 head of
sheep that Mr. Webster owns he says
he lost only about 1 per cent, which
Is exceptionally light. Altogether Mr.
Webster estimates there are about
300,000 head of sheep in Fremont
county.
J. C. Kirk sold the first of the week
a band of about 700 mixed ewes and
lambs to W. W. Stabler, to be deliver
ed after shearing season, for $2 per
head all round. The ewes were old
sheep. Heppner Times.
LOW COST OE IRRIGATION RESERVOIRS
Thousands Have Kidney
' Trouble and Never Suspect it
How To Find Out.
Fill a bottle or common glass with your
water and let it stand twenty-four hours ;
a sediment or set
tlingindicatesan I unhealthy con-
dition of the kid
neys ; if it stains
your linen it is
evidence of kid
ney trouble ; too
frequent desire
to pass it or pain
in the back is
also convincing proof that the kidneys
and bladder are out ot oraer,
Whit Do.
There is comfort in the knowledge so
often expressed, that Dr. Kilmer s
Swamp-Root, the great kidney remedy,
flf,ll everr wish in curing rheumatism,
pain in the back, kidneys, liver, bladder
and every part of the urinary passage,
i, nirrvti inability to hold water
and scalding pain in passing it, or bad
effects following use of liquor, wine or
beer, and overcomes that unpleasant ne
cessity of being compelled to go often
during the day, and to get up many
times during the night. The mild and
the extraordinary effect of Swamp-Root
is soon realized. It stands the highest
for its wonderful cures of the most dis
tressing cases. If you need a medicine
you should have the best. Sold by drug
gists in fifty-cent and one-dollar sizes.
You may have a sample bottle and a
book that tells an
about it, both sent free
by mail. Address Dr.
Kilmer & Co., Bing-
fcamton. N. Y. When Boot tmiap-Root.
writing mention this paper and don't
make any mistake, but remember the
name, Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-Root, and
the address, Binghamton, n. x,
National Cash
Registers
GEO. H. PAYNE,
Sales Agent
Room til Ransom Building.
Walla Walla, Wash,
W.D.FLETCHER
THE PIONEER WATCHMAKER
AND JEWELER, OS Court BUomL
Jewelry made to order. Wedding
tinea a specialty - AD work raaraa-
One of the most surprising features
connected with the work of the recla
mation service, as well as the one af
fording highest gratification, Is the
cost of structures compared with those
which have become familiar to en
gineers In the east.
When the reclamation work was In
augurated It was a matter of conjec
ture whether or not the standards of
cost for dams, canals, etc., that had
been established by engineering prac
tice In the eastern part ot the coun
try, could be relied upon as a basis of
estimates of the cost of the proposed
western structures. As the work has
progressed it has become more and
more evident that many classes of en
gineering work In the west can be per
formed considerably cheaper than In
the east, and at the same time the
natural conditions are such that these
structures are more economical and
effective.
Cost of Ills Dams.
If we take, for example, the three
great masonry dams now being erect
ed foi th6 purpose of storing water,
viz., the Roosevelt dam In Arizona, the
Pathfinder dam In southeastern Wyo
ming, and the Shoshone dam in north
western Wyoming, we shall find that
the effective storage capacity and
costs are far below those of some of
the great eastern dams like the New
Croton in New York, and the Wachu-
sett in Massachusetts.
The heights of these dams are as
follows: Roosevelt. 280 feet: Path
finder, 210 feet; Shoshone. 308 feet;
New Croton, 297 feet, and Wachusett,
207 feet. These heights are measur
ed from the foundation stones to par
apet In each case, and they show that
the Shoshone is the highest, while the
New Croton Is second and the Roos
evelt third.
If, however, the height above the
river bed be considered, that Is, the
effective storage height, the New
ronton la the lowest. The order is
then ap follows: Shoshone, 240 feet
Roosevelt. 230 feet: Pathfinder, 200
feet: Wachusett. 185 feet, and the
Nev Croton, 157 feet. In other words.
about 50 per cent of the masonry In
the New Croton dam is below ground
and Is serviceable for foundation pur-
pones only.
Cniwdty of Reservoirs.
It Is Interesting to note the compar.
atlve reservoir capacities. While the
New Croton dam Is the largest In the
world from the standpoint of Us
amount of masonry, the storage ca
paclty of the reservoir formed by It
Is by far the lowest of any of those
above mentioned. In fact, from
standpoint of storage economy, the
new Croton reservoir Is one of the
Dooreet that has been constructed In
recent years.
The dam contains 833,000 cubic
vards of masonry and was erected at
a cost of 117,600,000. The capacity of
the reservoir formed by It Is 4,000,
000.000 cubic feet, or a cost of $1900
per million cubic feet storage.
Similar figures for the Wachusett
dam show that It contains 280,000
cubic vards of masonry, and was
erected at a cost of about $2,000,000
Its storage capacity Is 8,400,000,000
cubic feet, or a cost of $238 per million
cubic feet storage.
Western Dnms Not CoHtly,
In contrast to these excessive costs
the three wesetrn dams appear re
markable. The Roosevelt dam, for
example, contains 350,000 cubic yards
of masonry erected at a cost of $3,
850,000. The capacity of the reservoir
Is 61,000,000,000 cubic feet, or 16 times
that of the New Croton, and about 7
times that of the Wlachusett. The
cost of this dam per million cubic feet
storage Is only $63.16.
Even mou remarkable appears the
Pathfinder Vim, It contains 53,000
cubic yards of masonry, erected at
IvatJoyXheyBi?!
To Every Home
cost of $1,000,000. The capacity of
the reservoir Is 43,560,000,000 cubic
feet, or more than 10 times that of the
Croton. The cost of the dam er mil
lion cubic feet storage Is therefore
only $22.96 as against $1900 for the
New Croton, and $238 for the Wachu
sett. Similar figures for the ShoS'
hone dam, the highest In the world,
are: cubic yards of masonry, 69,000,
cost, $1,000,000, capacity of reservoir,
20,000,000 cubic feet or a cost per
million cubic feet storage of $50.35.
Nature Has Helped.
These extremely low costs have sel
dom been equalled In hte history of
reservoir construction, and are due
largely to the excellent natural facil
ities which are found in the rugged
western country. From this fact It
must not be Inferred that western
structures are simply engineering
works. On the contrary, owing to
their isolated location, their Inaccessi
bility by rail and often by wagon, and
the erratic and torrential character of
the streams, they Involve problems
which tax the skill and Ingenuity of
their builders to the utmost.
It Is most fortunate that these res
ervoirs provide enormous storage at
relatively low cost, otherwise their
construction would not be feasible, as
the Irrigated land could not bear the
expense of the costly structures of the
east with their limited storage capacity.
The Croton dam. If It had been con
structed In Salt River valley In Ari
zona for Irrigation, would only supply
23,000 acres, and Irlgators would have
to pay $330 an acre for stored water.
as against $20, the estimated cost from
the Roosevelt dam.
as with joyous hearts and smiling faces they romp and play when in health
and how conducive to health the games in which they indulge, the outdoor
life they enjoy; the cleanly, regular habits they should be taught to form and
the wholesome diet of which they should partake. How tenderly their health
should be preserved, not by constant medication, but by careful avoidance of
every medicine of an injurious or objectionable nature and if at any time a
remedial agent is required, to assist nature, only those of known excellence
should be used; remedies which are pure and wholesome and truly beneficial
in effect, like the pleasant laxative remedy, Syrup of Figs, manufactured by
the California Fig Syrup Co. Syrup of Figs has come into general favor in
many millions of well informed families, whose estimate of its quality and
excellence is based upon personal knowledge and use.
Syrup of Figs has also met with the approval of physicians generally, be
cause they know it is wholesome, simple and gentle in its action. We inform
all reputable physicians as to the medicinal principles of Syrup of Figs, obtained,
by an original method, from certain plants known to them to act most benefici
ally and presented in an agreeable syrup in which the wholesome Californian
blue figs are used to promote the pleasant taste; therefore it is not a secret rem
edy and hence we are free to refer to all well informed physicians, who do not
approve of patent medicines and never favor indiscriminate self-medication.
Please to remember and teach your children also that the genuine Syrup
of Figs always has the full name of the Company California Fig Syrup Co.
plainly printed on the front of every package arid that it is for sale in
bottles of one sie only. If any dealer offers any other than the regular Fifty
cent size, or having printed thereon the name of any other company, do not
accept it. If you fail to get the genuine you will not get its beneficial effects.
F.VPrv tJtmilv chraiM flluavc hvp a hnttto nn hmA oe if So oninl!r Vusnofirial
iwi uic yaicius anu uie ciiuuieii, wueiievei a laxairve remeay is requireu.
REVIEWS
I
I
mm
CONDITIONS
THE ELSON ART EXHIBIT-
Fine Collection of Famous Painting
Coming Hero May 2, S and 4.
The Elson Art exhibit, which comes
to this city on May 2, 3 and 4, for the
benefit of the public schools, Is said
to be one of the very best on the road.
There are over 200 famous paint
Ings In the collection, and the Income
from the exhibit here will be devoted
to buying pictures for the public
schools. John Van Dyke, the promt
nent American art critic, says of this
exhibit:
You must look at pictures Btudl
ously, earnestly, honestly. It win
take years before you can come to a
full appreciation of It. but when at
last you have you will be possessed of
one of the purest, loftiest and most
ennohllnir Dleasures that the world
can offer you."
This collection has been made by
experts. Every artist who knows now
to draw at all has something to give
of pleasure tnd pr flt, but the great
est even have the most and best to
give.
What constitutes an artist 7 He is
In the first place one who himself
knows how to see, and In the second
place one who has a gift for making
us see him.
One great object of picture study Is
that of opening the eyes to the beauty
all around which an artist's trained
eye perceives, while It Is missed by
others. This Is the essential service
of all great men to draw us up In
some measure to their own level of
Insight, enjoyment and Inspiration,
These pictures are of Interest to all
both young and old, and they are ex
pected to attract and Instruct large
numbers of people. Everyone should
come.
What good does it do to eat If your
stomach fails to digest the food?
None. It does you harm causes
belching, sour stomach, flatulence,
etc When the stomach falls, a little
Kodol Dyspepsia Cure after each
meal will digest what you eat and
make, the stomach sweet. Tallman
Co.
The following business and Industri
al review of Pendleton and Umatilla
county from the Pilot Rock Record
is so timely and pertinent that the
East Oregonian takes pleasure . In
printing it in full. The points are well
made and the situation correctly stat
ed. The Record (ays:
Pendleton Is the heart of the busi
ness body ot Umatilla county. It Is
the center of trade and the Index to
the county's prosperity. Put your
thumb on Pendleton and Its pulsations
will Indicate the general health of the
entire county.
These pulsations are now to be
found less vigorous than a year or two
ago. Why? The reasons are many
and obvious. The several new brick
buildings under construction a year
ago have been completed and there
are no more new buildings being
erected. The laborers have gone to
other towns In search of employment.
The residences vacated by them are
now Idle.
Every line of business Is well rep
resented and there Is no demand for
additional business blocks. There Is u
perceptible dearth In trade, neverthe
less Pendleton Is a good town and al
ways will be despite Its short periods
of recuperation following a building
boom.
But there are other and more Im
portant reasons for the present calm
and slow pulsation. Pendleton Is now
engaged In the old business of draw
ing on its resources for Investment In
other places. We say Pendleton, be
cause Pendleton Is the banking cen
ter of Umatilla county. For 10 years
we have been blessed with bumper
crops which halve been sold at steadily
advancing prices.
The wheat farmers have been fill
ing the banks of Pendleton with
money, paying off their debts and add
ing to the size of their land holdings.
But people are not disposed to spend
their money where they make It and
are easily attracted to other places
for Investment.
The result has been that Alberta,
Cambridge, Jalisco, Tacoma, Seattle
and Portland are receiving thousands
of dollars of Umatilla county money
that should find Investment at home.
If the Idle money had only gone to
those places less fault would be found
with the Investors, but as a matter of
fact the Record Is informed that well-to-do
farmers have not only invested
t'-.clr surplus but have mortgaged their
lands, or borrowed on their credit,
large sums for Investment In other
places.
As history repeats Itself In many
cases It may be found that these In
vestments will prove a repetition of
the Investments by our people of n
decade or more ago, when Seattle, Ta
coma and Port Townsend appeared so
alluring to many. At that time the
Pendleton banks were almost depleted
In an effort by Umatilla county farm
ers to become millionaires on the
Sound, not one of them made a dollar
by this Investment.
There are better Investments to be
made In farm lands today around
Pendleton and Pilot Rock than can
be found In Idaho or British Colum
bla. The Investment may not be made
by residents of this county, but they
will be made In good time by some
one, and all these now cheap and un
Improved lands will be made to pay
large dividends on the Investment.
A 10-acre tract anywhere along the
Umatilla river bottom, cleared of Its
undergrowth, will prove more valu
able than twice the acreage anywhere
on the proposed Irrigated lands of the
sand dunes In the neighborhood of
Echo.
One of these days alfalfa fields and
beautiful homes will ornament the
river bottom from Pendleton to Uma
tilla. There are thousands of acres
of land lying Idle In the vicinity ot
Pilot Rock that can be had on terms
to suit the purchaser and on which
anything can be produced without Ir
rigation. Why go to a sun-parched
desert to live when there are homes
to be had in the vicinity of wood and
water?
HORSES ARE SCARCE.
Breeder's Gazette Reviews the Situa
tion With Alarm.
A recent number of the Breeder's
Gazette, says of horse conditions In
the United States: Where Is the great
crop of colts that the prophets told
us would mature In 1906? When
horse breeding began to breathe again
In 1898 and to become general In
1899, expanded In 1900 and still more
largely followed In 1901, we were as
sured by many seers with owl-like
wisdom that by the year of grace
1906 there would be a plethoric over
supply of horses and that prices would
once more have fallen below the point
of profit.
Now here we are In that year,
prices are on the highest level, take
them all through, ever known, and
the shippers are hunting high and
low, wearing out Bhoe leather In great
quantities and though seeking many
horses finding few. Obviously the
prophets have erred somewhere,
They are now without honor In any
country so far as the horse business Is
concerned.
Not so long ago It was confidently
stated by a certain species of the
genus calamity howler that "we had
gone through the period of scarcity
and not known It." Perhaps we did
travel along such a line, but, If we
did not know It, It could not hurt us.
The actual fact is that whatcvor
may be said of the past, the present
horse market looks awful good to a
man up a tree. Thousands of 4-year-
olds that are not yet "hard horses,"
In the language of the trade, and
therefore not fit to turn to work In
the city streets, are being sold each
week In all the great marts; a great
many 3-year-olds are being marketed
and even 2-year-olds are passing
through the auction sales at all of the
leading centers of trade.
Diligent Inquiry elicits the most con
tradlctory views as to the supply of
colts and fillies not yet 8 years old,
but it is sure that If the present rate
of borrow from Peter to pay Paul
that Is, the drawing on not only one
but two or three successive crops of
foals, to meet the demands of the
present, we must bump Into tho stone
wall of an under supply sooner or
later, and It surely looks as though
things would soon be worse than they
are now.
Don't tie a cough or a cold up In
your system by taking a reemdy that
binds the bowels. Take Kennedy's
Laxative Honey and Tar. It Is dif
ferent from all other cough syrups. It
la better. It opens the bowels expels
all cold from the system, relieves
Nsoughs, colds, croup, whooping cough,
etc. An Ideal remedy for young and
old. Children like it Bold by Tall
man Co.
S. W. P.
PAINT NOW!
HouseCleaning and Paint
ing go hand-in-hand
We sell the kind of
paints and varnishes
that live up to your ex-pectations-the
SHERWIN-WILLIAMS
paints and varnishers,
are always right, a
special kind for each
special purpose.
Pendleton Point Store
121 Court St.
S. W. P.
Emigrants still come pouring In,
and there Is plenty of room for mm
Our trade kooM lnci casing, but we
are not too busy to attend to your
Laundry Work, and hoc that you get
Hat iHf action.
Try VhI
Pendleton Steam Laundry
FISHMAN & PETERS.
Tho e Main 170. ,
CHEAP MEAT IS HIGH AT ANY
PRICE.
Some meat markets may sell you
a good looking piece of meat for a
few cents less than it would cost you
at a rollable market and you won't
know until after you have tried It
that you have been deceived.
Only good meat leaves the market
of the
Empire Meat Co.
'Phone Main 18.
X Roslyn Coal $6.50 deliv
ered, $6.00at the shed
Roslyn CoaL thorough
exhaustive testa, has been se
lected by the U. B. government
for the use of Its war Trssili
as it stood the highest teat.
' PROMPT DELTvTLiY. '
ROSLYN WOOD COA CO.
Office at W. o. R. Depot.
THONK MAIN It.