East Oregonian : E.O., March 28, 1906, DAILY EVENING EDITION, Page PAGE THREE, Image 3

ElGIll l?;.UI5H.
DAlLY EAST ORfcuoAlAN, PENDLETON, OREGON WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28, 1908.
Si
PIG
Tft
A THIMBLE OF GOLD
IT IS MADE OF METAL ALLOYED DOWN
TO FOURTEEN CARATS.
GIVEN UY A NEW YOHK
CONSULTING ENGINEER.
Vuluublo Comparisons Made In Rela
tion to Illrttory and Durability of
Many Forms ot Street Paving In
formation Comes In Hcwponso to a
IeUi4 of Inquiry From tlio Chulr
iiiuii of tlio Pendleton Council
Street Committee.
While Investigating the merits of
the different classes of pavement the
street committee sought the opinion
of J. W. Howard, a New York con
sulting engineer upon roads, streets
and pavements. He Is said to be an
authority upon such subjects and
wholly disinterested. His reply Is as
follows:
New York, Feb. 26, 1906
B. F. Rcnn, Esq., Chairman Street
Committee, Common Council, Pen
dleton, Ore.
.Sir: Answering your request of
February 17, based upon my personal
examinations of pavements, I respond
as follows:
You ask In regard to bltulithlc
pavement and so-called Victor bltu
mlnous macadam pavements. This
necessitates the mention of bituml
nous macadem pavements of various
kinds In order to give you a definite
answer and opinion.
I have examined at Intervals for
several years, tar, pitch and asphalt
macadams In various cities of the
United States, Canada and Furope,
These pavements formerly, although
few In number, weer called tar and
pitch macadams, but within about
five years, Including various expert
mental and new mixtures, they may
all ba grouped as bituminous macad
ams. This Is because tar, pitch, as
phult and combinations of these are,
technically speaking, bituminous. Bl
tullthlc pavement Is one of the bltu
mlnous macadams and thus far the
most successful. It Is used In many
cities. Various other bituminous ma
GROWING
ALFALFft
The Process of Manafaotara, Fras
the Insots of Pare Gole Fresh Fress
the Sabtreasarr to the FlnUhea
hlalna- Predact.
Out ot whatever part of tbe earth It
may originally have been dug, the gold
from which thimbles are made In Phil
adelphia was bought at tbe United
States subtreasury In tbe city In the
form of snug little Ingots, brick shaped
and about two and a half Inches long,
an Inch and a quarter wide and about
un Inch thick.
These little Ingots would be of a con
venient size for paperweights. But
they would be rather heavy for such
use uud probably too expensive for
most people, for each one contains, of
pure gold, 24 carats fine, metal of the
value of about $300.
Gold of this fineness would be much
too Boft for thimbles, and It is ulloyed
down to 14 carats, In which condi
tion it is rolled Into sheets of suitable
tulcknesa.N Iu the llrst process of man
ufacture a sheet of this gold is run
luto a machine which cuts out of it a
disk in size BuUlclent to form a thim
ble, the same inueblne stamping this
disk also into the form of a straight
sided capsule with Irregular edges.
Then the thimble bluuk goes luto an
other machine, iu which a die stamps it
Into its conical shape. Out of this ma
chine it goes luto an annealing fur
nace for tempering and from that into
au acid bath for cleaning and the re
moval of tbe fire coating.
Then the thimble Is put into a lathe
to be turned down to its final shape
and dimensions. It is dull colored
when It goes into the lathe, but at the
first touch of tho keen edged Cutting
tool It shows a glistening narrow band
of bright gold surface, which Is widen'
ed in a moment to cover the whole
length of the thimble as the skillful
worker shifts the tool along.
With repeated application of the tool
the operator brings the crown of the
thimble luto Its perfect form and cuts
down along the thimble's sides to bring
the walls of tbe thimble to the requl
site thickness, and he defines and fin
GOVERNMENT EXPERT
GIVES HIS EXPERIENCE.
Chief Forage Crop of Eastern Oregon
and Washington Alfalfa Doom Not
Attain Its Rest Period Cut II Third
Year Land Should Ro Plowed, Al
falfa Should lie Drilled and No
"Nurse" Crop Should Ro Sown.
cadams have been tried and are being hes the smooth band that runs around
tried with little or no success In sev
eral cities, especially In small places,
either by various contractors or by
those places themselves, and with lit
tle or no success. What you refer to
as Victor botumlnous macadam pave
ment Is undoubtedly that which Is re
ferred to In certain specifications en
titled "Specifications for Victor Pave
ments," which I have received from
Portland, Ore. These specifications
are Indefinite. I know of no pave
ments laid anywhere by the name of
Victor unless the persons or company
advocating these specifications shall
assume that certain asphalt mncadnms
or pavements approximating this gen
eral class have been heretofore laid
without mme or by other nnmes In
a few cities .Including two trial pieces
In New York city which failed, some
In Owosso, Mich., which Is disinte
grating and not a success, or In
Keranlon, Pa., on on Inclined viaduct.
In this last case, It seems rather an
asphalt pavement with some stone
admixed in It, although not sufficient
to keep that pavement from being
slippery on the Incline where It I
lali'. The addition of more stone In
that pavement, especially If It were
on a level, and otherwise proposed
of ibout the proportions and slightly
Irregulnr m'xture It now Is, would
rcsulc In a pavement which would not
wear well and which would probably
disintegrate from any excessive mols.
ture; also from freezing and thawing.
The Victor bituminous cement men
tloned In the Victor specifications Is,
ns far as I know, and am able to
learn, unknown to commerce. It may
mean any pitch or asphalt cement
which the contractor for a Victor
pavement would desire to use and so
name.
The Victor specifications seem to
encroach on several patents owned
by the W. Tt. Co. with which, In con
nection with this report and opin
ion, I have compared the specifica
tions. The Victor specifications do
not duplicate fully bituminous pave
ment nor without a knowledge of bi
tuminous pavement would they pro
duce as good a pavement.
The success of all bituminous pave
ments seems at present not possible to
be equal to bltulithlc pavement, with
out copying, encronchlng or Infringing
on several of Warren Bros." processes
or principles as set forth In their do
talled specifications.
In conclusion, In answer to your
request for me to give you my "un
biased opinion concerning the two
pavements whether or not they ore,
In your opinion, the same," I beg to
state that while the Victor speclfica
tlons call for much which, as far as
general description Is concerned, Is
the same, they omit a few very es
scntlnl requirements and therefore,
unless those requirements described
In the bltulithlc specifications were
used, pavements resulting from the
proposed Victor specifications would
not, In all respects, be tho same as
bltulithlc pavement; nor bo as good
as bltulithlc pavement as described
by Its specifications and as laid In
mnny cities where examined by me
during construction and subsequent
thereto.
The above statements and opinion
In no way refer to what are known
as asphalt pavements of which there
are several good kinds, but only to the
general class of pavements referred
to as bituminous macadam pavements.
Respectfully yours,
J. W. HOWARD,
Consulting Englnoer Roads, Streets,
Pavements.
Sh? GREATEST
FOF ALL TON1
53 aSBBaV'
the lower part of the thimble and
brings Into relief the rounded rim that
encircles the thimble at Its opening at
once to give It a finishing ornamental
grace there and to stiffen It The glifr
tenlng little gold shavings that be cuts
off In these various operations all fall
Into a canvas trough suspended be
tween him and the bench upon which
stands the lathe,
With that last touch to Its rim In this
stage of making the former has grown
marvclously more thlmhle-llke In ap
pearance, but somehow it still lacks tbe
breath, so to speak, of thimble life; It
lacks yet the familiar Indentations in
Its surface that serve to support the
needle and to hold It In place. These
the thimble maker now proceeds to
make, and the making of these Is nice
work Indeed.
It Is done with a tool called a knurle.
There is. an end knurle and a side
knurle. An end knurle Is simply a han
dle having set in It a tiny, thin revolv
ing wheel of steel, upon whose periph
ery Is a continuous encircling row of
little bosses or knobs corresponding in
size to the Indentations to be made.
Tbe side knurle has In place of such a
wheel a little steel cylinder of a length
sulllclent to cover that section of the
thimble that Is to be Indented on Its
sides, this cylinder having knobs all
over Its surface, as the end knurle
wheel has around Its edges, and turn
ing, like the wheel, on its axis.
The thimble in tbe lathe is turning
with 2.C00 revolutions a minute, and It
seems as though the application to its
surface of any sort of tool with pro
tuberances on It must leave there only
a Jangled and mixed up lot of Irregular
marks. But now with tbe end knurle
the thltnblo maker makes an Indenta
tion In the center of the top of the thim
ble, and then he proceeds rapidly and
with perfect certainty with the end
knurle to describe around that center
concentric rings of Indentations, with
the Indentations all perfectly made and
the rings all perfectly spaced, from tlii
center to the circumference of the top.
You mar see him do this, but you
can't tell how ho is able to do It. And
then Willi the side knurle be makes the
Indentations In tho sides of tho thim
ble, making there as well, as he deftly
presses the tool against It, Indentations
that run absolutely uniform and true
and that end at their lower edge in a
perfectly true encircling line.
It Is astonishing and a pleasant thing
to see bow It develops and comes to
Itself with tbe making of these fa
miliar indentations, and now there re
mains to be done to it only the polish
ing Inside and out and you have the
OulsheJ old thimble. Philadelphia
Press.
The successful cultivation of alfalfa
n the Inland empire on what are
known as dry or wheat land Is now
attracting much attention In the
farming communities. Professor By
ron Hunter, asulBtant agriculturist of
the U. S. department of agriculture,
stationed at Pullman, Wash., has Is
sued the following Interesting article
on tho subject:
Alfulfa is now generally recognized
as the most satisfactory hay and past
ure plant that has been grown on the
dry lands of eastern Oregon and
Washington.
On such land It does not reach Its
highest development until about the
third year, since It takes some time
for the root system to develop suffi
ciently to take up the required
moisture for the plant. Therefore,
little muHt be expected from It the
first year.
Who nproperly sown and cared for,
a fair crop of hay may be expected the
second year. Since alfalfa does not
give its largest returns for two or
three years it should be sown with the
expectation of allowing It to occupy
the ground for a number of years.
The success of alfalfa In this region
depends largely on the preparation of
tho soil, the method of seeding and
the care of the stand. The writer has
spent considerable time In studying
the methods of the farmers most suc
cessful In growing alfalfa without Ir
rigation In this region and what Is
said In this article is based almost
entirely upon this study.
Prnmratlnn of the Soil.
The ground selected for alfalfa
should be as free as possible from
weeds and In perfect tilth. In all lo
calities where the rainfall Is not suf
ficient to grow wheat without summer
fallowing every other year, the land
should be plowed deep In the fall
winter or early spring. It should be
thoroughly cultivated during the
spring and summer to kill weeds, re
tain moisture, and put the soil In good
tilth.
In such localities the subsoil
new land Is comparatively dry when
compared with the subsoil of the same
kind of land that has been farmed "for
a number of years. Alfalfa Is a deep
feeder and requires plenty of moist'
ure for Its beHt development.
It Is very essential therefore, that
land be selected that has produced
number of crops to be sure that there
Is plenty of moisture In the subsoil to
carry the young plants through th-.
first dry summer.
Sowing tlio Seed.
Repeated trials throughout the
country have demonstrated that It
Is a waste of tlmo and seed to sow
alfal(a with a nurse crop. The grain
shades the alfalfa too much and robs
It of the moisture necessary to carry
it through the first summer. Ten to
15 pounds of good seed per acre Is
usually sufficient. Seed that Is pro
duced In eastern Oregon nnd Wash
ington should give better results than
seed shipped In from other localities.
A very large majority of the alfalfa
seed sown In this country is sown
broadcast and covered with a common
tooth harrow. Perhaps the most sat
isfactory and economical way Is to
sow It with a common grain drill with
a grass seeder attachment For this
purpose seeders should be used that
nre provided with tubes to carry the
seed into the hoes or beside the dies
of the drill. The seed will then all be
covered uniformly.
In the dry localities where there Is
little or no danger of crusts forming
on tho surface of the soil the drill
should be set to cover the seed from
m to 2 Inches deep. Near the
mountains where tho rainfall Is heav
ier and where crusts are liable to
form the seed should not bo covered
so deep. When nil of the seed Is cov
ered the proper depth In this way.
much less Is required than when It Is
sown broadcast.
The ingredients that enter into S. S. S. and the method of com
bining; and preparing: them so that they build up and strengthen
every part of the body, make it the greatest of all tonics. S. S. S. is nature's
remedy PURELY VEGETABLE and while it is restoring; the lost appe
tite, overcoming that tired, run-down feeling, and other ailments common to Spring, which
warn us that it is necessary to take a tonic, it is purifying the blood of all poisons and waste
matters so that it can supply to the system the strength and nourishment it needs to keep it
m perfect condition during the depressing summer months that are to follow.
bpnng is the season when most every
rvn Tiprlc a trvrnV Tt i nature's time for AN EFFORT TO PULL THROUGH THE DAY.
renewing and changing ; and as everything
puts on new life, the sap rises in vegetation,
the earth thaws out from its winter freezes,
and all respond to Spring's call to purge
and purify themselves, there is a great
change also takes place in our bodies. The
blood endeavors to throw oil the poisons and
accumulations which have farmed in the
system, and been absorbed by it, from the
inactive winter life, and calls upon every
member to assist in the elimination. The
system is often unequal to the struggle, the
appetite grows fickle, the energies give way,
the spirits are depressed, and a general run
down condition is the result.
Then the body must have assistance
it must be strengthened and aided by a tonic,
and S. S. S. is the ideal one. Being made
entirely from roots, herbs and barks, it does .
not disagreeably affect the system in any way as do most of the so-called tonics on the market,
which contain Potash or some'other harmtul mineral ingredient to aerange tne stomacu anu
digestion, unfavorably affect the bowels, or otherwise damage the health. S. S- S. tones up
the stomach -and digestion and assists in the assimilation of food; it rids the system of that
always-tired, worn-out feeling, and imparts vigor and tone to every part of the body. It re
establishes the healthy circulation of the blood, stimulates the sluggish organs, and calms
the unstrung nerves which make one feel that he is on the verge of prostration. S. S. S.
gives an appetite and relish for food that nothing else does, and by its use we can find our
selves with as hearty, hungry an appetite in Spring as at any other season. f
It acts more promptly and gives better and more lasting results than any other remedy;,
and is absolutely safe because of its vegetable purity. Dyspeptic, irritable, nervous, debili
tated people will find S. S. S. is just the medicine that is needed for the purification of
the blood, which, from its diseased or impure condition, is causing their trouble, as well as
for toning up and helping the entire system. When you take your tonic this Spring do not
experiment, but get the best the tonic with forty years of success behind it, and the one
endorsed by the best people all over the country S. S. S., THE GREATEST OF ALL
TONICS. It is necessary at this time, when the system is depleted and weakened at every
point, that the right remedy be used one that is especially adapted to the condition, and
S. S. S. has proved itself to be this remedy for many years. If it is taken at the first sign
of Spring the system will be so built up and strengthened that the disagreeable affections of.
tne season win not De ieit as warmer weatner comes on.
THE SWIFT SPECIFIC COMPANY, A TLANTA, GAm.
I have used S. S. 8. quite extensively and unhesitatingly
reoommend It as the best blood purifier and tonlo made.
I am a maohlnlst by trade and at one time my system was
so run down that by 10 o'clock every day I would be com
pletely exhausted, and it was with the greatest effort that
I oould pull through the balanoe of the day. Since taking
8. 8 8., however, all this has disappeared. I am a strong,
vigorous man, abundantly able to do my day's work, my
appetite has been whetted up so that I oan eat anything,
my sleep is sweet and refreshing, and I know further that
it has purified my blood and put it in good condition. I
cannot speak too highly of your great remedy, S. 8. S.
817 W. Broad St.. Columbus, O. A. B. MONTGOMERY.
SHE FOUND IT THE BEST SPRING TONIC.
On two occasions I have used S. 8. 8. in the spring with
fine results. I can heartily recommend it as a tonio and
blood purifier. I was troubled with headache, indigestion
and liver troubles, whioh all disappeared under the use of
8. S. 8. My appetite, whioh was poor, was greatly
helped. I oan eat anything I want now without fear of In
digestion, and my blood has been thoroughly oleansed of
all impurities and made rioh and strong again. As a tonio
and blood purifier it is all you olaim for it.
771 E. Main St., Springfield, O. MRS. G. WIEGEL.
Bow Exclamations Originate.
Halloo" and "hurrah," which art
among the exclamations In commoD
use, can be traced to curious origins.
The author of "The Queen's English''
tells us that tho people of Camwood
forest, Leicestershire, when they wish
to bail any one at a distance call out
not "halloo," but "halloup." This, he
takes it, Is a survival of the times
when one cried to another "A loupl A
loupl" or, as we should say, "A wolfl
A wolf!" "Hurrah," according to high
authority, is derived from the Blsvonlo
"huraj," "to paradise," a battle cry
which voiced the prevailing belief that
all soldiers who fell In the fight went
straight up to paradise. Pearson's
Weekly.
In Bohemia courtships are abnormal
Hr Inrta Tn thst mnntrv anarnffpmanta
At Mansfield. O.. Roy Shanks shot U,, ta.t from fifteen to twenr
flna Klliea WmtO uu men
REVOLUTION IX SAX MARINO.
Repot Grounds Chosen at Joseph.
The depot grounds chosen will com
mence nt the ball grounds with a
frontage of 600 feet and extend diag
onally 8'iuthwest towards the river
about 3500 feet. The O. R. & N.
company was willing to take the above
grounds or extend the track about 700
feet east to Main street. We must
say that the company used the people
of Joseph very nice in granting thein
the privilege of selecting grounds,
thereby saving the town of Joseph
about $3000 which would have had to
have been paid had the company In
sisted on the grounds remaining as
on the original survey. Joseph Herald.
&
Every woman covets a
6hapely, pretty figure, and
many of them deplore the
loss of their girlish forms
after marriage. The bearing
of children is often destructive
to the mother's shapeliness.
All of this can be avoided,
however, by the use of Mother's Friend before baby comes, es this
great liniment always prepares the body for the strain upon it, and
preserves the symmetry of her form. Mother's Friend overcomes all the
danger of child-birth, and carries the expectant mother safely through
this critical period without pain. It is woman's greatest blessing.
Thousands gratefully tell of the benefit and relief derived from tho
MRfi of this wonderful
l Get The Best
Good , '
i Dry Wood
and
ROCK SPRIXU COAL
rtie Coal that gives the most
beat.
PROMPT DELIVERIES.
! W. C. MINNIS
Leave orders at Hennlngs' cigar
store, Opp. Peoples Ware
house 'Phone Main (.
remedy. Sold by all
druggists at $ i. oo per
bottle. Our little
book, telling all about
this liniment, will be sent free.
Tie Bradfleld Relator Co., Atlanta, Ga.
tm
IP
himself. Both were prominent In so
ciety and had been sweethearts. Her
parents had succeeded In breaking up
the match.
So-Called Republic Will lli-rniftcr lie
nil Actual Republic.
San Marino, March 28. The small
A Pennine republic of San Marino,
the oldest and smallest In the world,
and scarcely known outside of Its nar
row frontier, except to stamp col
lectors, has Just re-entered upon a
democratic regime. . The Arrlngo, as
the original representative body of the
republic Is called, hns once more met
and the citizens of San Marino num
bering In all about 1700 families,
have once more been restored to their
civic rights.
Under the original constitution of
San Marino the government of the re
public consisted of a general assem
bly of heads of families, the so-called
Arrlngo, and of a grand council of 60,
composed of 20 nobles, 20 citizens and
20 land owners. Gradually, however.
the republic became more and more
of an oligarchy and the Arrlngo ulti
mately became a mere name, while
tho council of 60, elected for life, and
Itself electing members to fill vacan
cies caused by death, was practically
absolute. This was the state of things
when Addison visited San Marino two
centuries ago and this has been the
condition until the present day.
During the last few years, however,
there was so strong a popular agita
tion against this oligarchic system,
that to prevent a revolution, the Ar
rlngo has been revived. It Is now in
session and there Is peace and hap
piness throughout the reborn republic.
rears.
AU Leading Grocers
Bell Cleveland's Baking Powder.
Byers'gBest Flour
Is made from the choicest wheat that grows. Good bread Is as
sured when 3YERS' BEST FLOUR Is used. Bran, Shorts, Steam
Rolled Barley always on hand.
PENDLETON ROLLER MILLS
W. 8. BTERS, Prorrletor.
Seventy-five per cent of all wireless
messages are a success, while the pro
portion of success Is much higher rt
night than during the day time.
FRAZER THEATRE
One Night Only, Friday, Mar. 30
THE PEER OF ALL MCSICAL PRODUCTIONS, DIRECT FROM A
SUCCESSFUL RUX OF 285 TIMES AT THE NEW YORK
osyLUxmicAsixo.
b. c wirrrxEY's musical cocktail.
PIFF! PAFF!! POUF!!!
By Stange, Jerome & Sshwartx.
Organization of 76 People.
THE GREAT POXY BALLET AND FAMOUS AMERICAN BEAUTY
CHORUS.
Handsomely Staged Gorgeously Gowned Augmented Orchestra.
PRICES : 50c to $1.50. On sale Thursday.
MAIL
LET U8 FILL YOUK
BIN WITH.
Rock Spring Coal
Recognized as tl.e best
and most economical fuel.
We are prepared to con
tract with you f.r your
winter's supply. We de
liver coal or wood to any
part of the city.
Laatz Bros.
MAIN STREET NEAR DEPOT
Lap Robesjand
Horse Blankets
at Cost
In order to dispose of our stock of
Horse Blankets and Lap Robes it
once, we are offering same at cost.
Call at once as Btock won't last
long at these prices.
CRAWFORD the
Harness man
Next to Savings Bank.
W.D.FLETCHER
THE PIONEER WATCHMAKER
AND JEWELER, SOS Conrt Streac
Jewelry made to order. Wedding
rings a specialty. AU work rnanuv-
feed.
I