PAGE SIX.
DAILY EAST OREGONIAN, PENDLETON, OREGON, TUESDAY, MAY 16, 1905.
EIGHT PAGES.
liUL HIUHAHUbUrJ
GOOD
ROADS
(Continued from page 3.)
attended the convention at Dallas a
year ago, heard yourself and others
talk on the benefits of permanent
roads, and how they might be secured
by each community or district making
a beginning. I resolved to try, and
this is the result of the first year. We
find that we can build them; that
they are the most economical, and
our county judge and road commis
sioners are enthusiastic for extend
ing these roads throughout the coun
ty." I mention these two cases to
how you what has been done, that it
-may encourage you to do likewise.
System of Patch and Mend.
The trouble with our road affairs is
not so much with our road officials
as it la with the system. We patch
and mend without durable construc
tion and maintenance. Our time and
money is therefore almost wasted
from year to year. If It should be
come the fixed practice of the coun
ties to build each year on some one
road, at least one mile or more of
. permanent road. It would be surpris
ing how rapidly the leaven of the ex
. perlment would work in that com
munity, and how soon would be real
ised the extension of permanent sur
facing upon all the principal high
ways. It is usually In the beginning where
the difficulties are to be contended
with. There is a demand that the lim
ited road fund must be sprinkled in
patchwork all over the county, and if
any substantial portion is segregated
to permanently improve any one
road a howl Immediately goes up that,
the county court or commissioners
are spending all the money on one
road, neglecting the others. These
officials are censured and placed un
der the ban of political disfavor, and
their chances of commendation for
service, or return to office, are dis
couraged. It takes a good, nervy, pa
triotic man to stand firm for the
best public interest against these In
fluences. We do not always find
them these days. Our public men, as
a rule, are followers rather than
leaders. I have never known, how
ever, where a county official was firm
and patriotic" enough to public inter-
esui to ao riKiiL. auu kivc w uie irev-
' pie some substantial return In the
way of improvement for the money
expended during his term, that while
he might not have met with tempo-
rary reverses on account of the pre
judice engendered, still. In the end,
and commendation his administra
tion deserved ana merited. There
fore, I, appeal to the road officials to
make a beginning in meir county
anil mart district in the state, by
building, each year, a section of per
manently surfaced public road. I be
lieve the day will come, and It is not
so far distant, when the government
will lend its aid. at least to the con
struction of great trunk-line high
ways, crossing the continent and con
necting the great cities and commer
cial centers of the country. The
states will classify, build and aid in
constructing principal state roads,
connecting each and every county.
Each community will always have its
portion of local roads for their own
construction and maintenance. There
fore, begin now, and build at home
and agitate for the larger develop
ment in state and nation.
"Good Koads Day."
The fifth annual National Good
TJ ni , nnnvuntlnn will hf hpM in the
city of Portland, at the auditorium,
Lewis and Clark centennial exposi'
tion, June 21-24, 1905. Saturday
June 24, is designated as "Good
Roads Day" on the exposition
grounds. It will be observed by ap
propriate addresses by distinguished
men, learned in all the sciences, arts
and technique of the subject. Ar
rangements are being perfected for
an object lesson road to be construct
ed on the grounds for exhibition pur
poses. This road will show the prln
ciples- of construction, from founda
tion to finish. It will exemplify mod
ern methods of grading, crowning,
t rolling, surfacing and drainage, to
aether with the operation of the lat
est improved road-making machinery.
The deliberations of the convention
will be devoted to the description ot
the practical, scientific, ethical and
economic phases of the subject. En
gineers and experienced road build
ers and experts will talk upon the
construction, the use and application
of proper road material, the cost and
maintenance. It Is urged that the
' cities, the business interests, the edu
cational, as well as the agricultural
ef the state, be represented in this
convention by full delegations. Much
will depend upon the energy and ef
fort of the Slate association and the
Development league to Insure Its suc
cess.
There is much to be learned about
roads and road-making. No man can
seriously study the question without
becoming an enthusiast. Knowledge
makes us masters. If we would have
and appreciate good roads, we must
know how to build them. The task
is not an insurmountable one. Mod
ern science and practice has demon
atrated that durable roads can be
built without a great expenditure of
labor and money, as under the old
methods. The base or foundation of
the road Is the natural earth, there
' fore, in the Improvement of your dirt
. roads, build them with proper grade,
' ' foundation, drainage and crown, that
in time, when you come to surface
' them, you have the principal part of
, the work accomplished.
Make the Best of Dirt Roads.
I ' would not discourage the im
r tirovement of the natural dirt road,
' and of Ha careful and constant at
tention. Much, benefit may be de
' rived from., this. W cannot hope to
.' macadamin and gravel all our roads
at once, and a large proportion must
necessarily be the common, every-day
dirt road, and always a certain per
cent of the lateral or neighborhood
roads will remain ot nature's ma
terial. While this Is true, I must ad
monish you that it Is impossible to
have a good, durable road, that will
resist the wear of travel and traffic
all seasons of the year, unless you
surface It with some kind of hard ma
terial and keep It in proper repair. A
good macadam road is five times bet
ter than a good dirt road, when meas
ured by traction resistance. In other
words, you can haul five times as.
much with the same power over the
macadam surfaced road as you can
over the dirt road, with the best con
ditions. A macadam road is open and
ready for traffic at all seasons, while
the dirt road Is subject to varying
conditions, either mud, dust, ruts or
rocks, and rarely ever, in the major
part of the country, in ideal condition,
except, maybe, in rare short distances.
To build a road under present
methods, it is not necessary to lay
the material to such great depth or
to such great width. The secret of a
good road Is in the construction. The
foundation, which is really the sus
taining part of the road, must be
properly prepared and rolled; then
the material crushed or broken to
uniform size, laid upon the road and
rolled to uniform depth and compact
ness, placed on in two layers, with a
finishing course, that' binds and ce
ments together, making a solid, im
pervious roof, which sheds the water,
and of a top material hard enough
to resist the abrasions of traffic; the
thickness of material compacted six
to nine Inches, according to condi
tions and amount of traffic; the
width, nine to 16 feet, governed by
the character of the road, as to being
the main thoroughfare, or a lateral
country road.
Experts Are Cheapest.
No county judge, road official or
commissioner is justified In expending
the public monies in the building of
roads, unless he is .master of the art,
or secures an engineer or expert road
builder. It Is proper construction that
brings permanent results more than
anything else, and the practice of
careless, slip-shod methods brings
disfavor and disaster to road Improve
ment. How many officials waste
money and time by simply lumping
material indiscriminately upon the
surface of the road, leaving' it to be
compacted by traffic. There is no
chance for surface drainage; the wa
ter soaks right down through the
rocks and gravel and destroys the
foundation. What would you think
of a public official, who would build
court house, or a postofflce, or a
school house, placing the material In
the construction In such a manner
that the water from the rains perco
lated down through the roof and
walls and foundation, for their under
mining and destruction? Yet this is
the same principle involved. Sloven
ly methods of road building are in
use in too many places In this coun
try.
It is not a difficult mater to gain
the knowledge of how to properly
build a road. The libraries! are full
of good, practical books, dealing with
every detail of the subject. The gov
ernment division at Washington, D.
will furnish, free of cost, upon
application by postal card, bulletins
telling you how to grade and tile and
crown and surface and finish a road
Good Roads Pay for Themselves.
But some will say to me: "We may
learn all that, and may employ en
gineers and experts to build roads,
but where are we going to get the
money? Here Is the problem." Yes,
it is true, it Is the problem under
our present system. It has been
solved, by other countries, states and
communities, equitably and justly,
and ample means have been provided
for this Improvement, without laying
the burden too heavily upon any. The
principle Involved is that the public
road is a distinct public improve
ment; ' that its use and benefit Is
shared alike by all people, and all In
terests, commercial and industrial, as
wen as agricultural, and that the
means should be provided by a tax
levied equally upon all property, and
that the money be expended under
proper management and Intelligent
supervision. This is no longer a the
ory; it has been in actual practical
demonstration in several of the older
states for 10 years or more, and has
proven te be the best and proper solu
tion of the road problem. The prin
cipal highways should be placed un
der such supervision and control, and
general uniform system should be
adopted, connecting the counties ami
principal cities by a network of state
roads.
Much might be said In favor of the
states aiding in the building of moun
tain roads, which would develop their
scenic grandeur. This pays hand
somely. It Is said that Switzerland
turns "the golden glow of her sun
sets Into the coin of the realm" by
her scenic roads. That America alone
spends many thousands each year to
climb these mountain roads for the
scenery of the Alps. Counties and
towns along the Blue Ridge and Ap
palachian ranges have their own
well-organized Mountain Road asso
ciations, and these scenic roads are
ever Increasing means of revenue.
Where in all the world, is to be found
such scenic grandeur as in the Rock
ies, the Sierras and the Cascades,
where nature tumbles and rolls, and
expands In chaotic splendor; where
basalt ledges' lift their massive-like
cathedral walls; where cascades rush
their limpid waters, leaping some
times hundreds of feet, from the
heights to the glen; where mountains,
verdure-clad at their base, studded
with gigantic forests of majestic trees,
their snow-mounted peaks and domes
mingling with the cloud, and lifting
one's inspiring soul to God.' The eye
sweeps the plateau plain,' that yields
In bounteous plenty when touched by
the flume and. the dam, while the
valleys groan with waving grain, and
on the hillsides cluster luscious fruit,
on the tree and yine.
' Good roads mean alt this and more
In the progress of your glorious development.
"MARSHAL NEY'S'DEATH.
Itie Drarcatlo End of the Brav.
Frenrh Soldier.
Key refused naturally to place hlm
Jelf on his knees and to allow his
yes to be bandaged. Be only asked
Oomniandant Saint-Bias to show blm
where he was to stand. He faced the
platoon, which held their muskets at
"the recover," and then, in an attitude
which I shall never forget, so noble
was It, calm and dignified, without any
Iwagger, he took off his bat, and, prof
iting by the short moment which was
caused by the adjudant de place hav
ing to place himself on one side and to
give the signal for firing, be pronounced
these few words, which I beard very
distinctly, "Frenchmen, I protest against
my sentence, my honor" At these last
words, as be was placing his band on
his heart, the detonation was heard.
He fell as if struck by lightning. A
roll of the drums and the cries of "Vive
le roll" by the troops formed in square
brought to a close this lugubrious cere
mony. This fine death made a great im
pression on me. Turning to Augustus
de la Rochejaquelin, colonel of the
grenadiers, who was by my side and
who deplored, like myself, the death
of the brave des braves, I said to him,
There, my dear friend, Is a grand les
son In learning to die." "The Empire
and the Restoration," General Roche-chouart
THE USE OF JEWELRY.
I la Something More Than a Lot nf
Pretty Trifles. 1
Even in Its modern form when orna
ment has been left almost wholly to
women it Is something more than a
love of pretty trifles. On the persons
of the female members of his family
the man loves to see the display of the
wealth which in these days is power,
and, If modern taste will not allow It
In himself, It is still Indulgent to his
vicarious display of it through his
women. So far as women themselves
consciously aid and abet in this asser
tion of power, so far they may claim
to be acquitted from the charge of
sheer vanity. Women of families who
have become recently rich love most
to display their Jewelry, and it may be
there is not so much vanity as asser
tion in it of their claim In virtue of
wealth to be respected and honored.
Those women who have undisputed
claims to distinction exercise more dis
cretion, and their chief displays are on
those occasions when it Is congruous
to emphasize their social power and in
fluence. Thus to the end we have the
close connection between ornament and
money which has existed from the be
ginning. London Saturday Review.
FIGHTING OXEN.
The Hottentots Trained Cattle
Chare Riderless Into Battle.
When the Dutch first settled at the
Cape they found that the original Hot
tentots owned large herds of cattle,
which they regularly rode and traced
to act as guardians of their other cat
tle and their camps. So admirably were
these animals trained that they nsed
to charge before the tribesmen in bat
tle, apparently without riders, though
there may have been mounted leaders.
An old writer named Kolben says:
"Every Hottentot army is provided
with a large troop of these war oxen,
which permit themselves to be govern
ed without trouble and which their
leaders let loose at the appointed mo
ment The instant they are set free
they throw themselves with Impetuos
ity upon the opposite army. They
strike with their horns, they kick, they
rip up and trample beneath their feet
all that opposes them. They plunge
with fury into the midst of the ranks
and thus prepare an easy victory. The
manner in which these oxen are train
ed and disciplined certainly does great
honor to tile talent of this people."
The Difference.
A delegate from Boston to an educa
tional conference In Philadelphia told
of the answer given by a certain pupil
In one of the public schools of the Hub
in answer to a question put by a pro
fessor of natural history.
The question was, "What Is the dif
ference between a biped and a quadru
ped ?"
The pupil's answer was, "A biped has
two legs, a quadruped has four legs;
therefore the difference between a bi
ped and a quudruped is two legs."
Woman's Home Companion.
Announced Himself.
While looking for stragglers Just as
a Welsh regiment was about to sail
from Cape Town for England an offi
cer found a private standing at atten
tion In a shed. "What are you doing
here?" he was asked. "Please, sir,"
was the reply, "I am a lunatic, and I
am waiting for the corporal's guard."
He was right; he was a lunatic, and bis
guard bad forgotten him.
Lifted.
City Cousin Now, you farmers don't
have the trouble of bouse hunting like
city folk. Kansas Uncle Don't, eh?
Well, I've been hunting for a house
that the cyclone carried away for two
years, and I haven't found it yet
Chicago News.
Jut a Hint.
Reggie A-a-h, Miss Merrilelgh,
pweaklng of conundrums, do you
know a-a-b the diffewence between a
finance and a financier? She Is there
any? There shouldn't be, Reggie.
A Beantlfler.
Miss Planely Reggie ssys I grow
prettier every time be sees me. Miss
Roastem You ought to have him call
oftener. Cleveland Leader. '
Vanity keeps persons in favor with
themselves who art out of favor with
all others. Shakes pears.
New line of men's ties Just Hi, 26c
and 80c, at Teutsch's,
A HOME INDUSTRY
Blue Mountain
Creamery Co.
MAKERS OF THE
BLUE
BUT TIER
The butter that is always good
and always the same. One
trial will convince you ot
its superiority
I PATRONIZE HOME 1
INDUSTRY -J
I Oil I BUT n at
.
EVERY POUND OF
BLUE MOUNTAIN
BUTTER YOU USE
YOU AID IN THE
BUILDING UP OF A
VALUABLE INDUS
TRY FOR.' OUR CITY
AND COUNTY. THE
CREAMERIES ARE
OFFERED A MARKET
FOR. CREAM, WHICH
GIVE TO THE DAI
RYMEN A SPLENDID
PROFIT AND ENHAN
CES THE VALUE OF
PROPERTY. THE
MOST PROSPEROUS
SECTIONS OF THE
COUNTRY ARE
Where Dairies are Nu
merous and Flourish.
Blue Mountain
utter...
Asks your patronage on the mer
its of the butter because it is
the best that can be pro
duced. It is always fresh
and good because it is
made in Pendleton
and not shipped a
longdistance. It
v issent dailj' to
your grocer
It's the best
to be
had
ASK YOUR GROCER FOR AND -INSIST
ON HAVING
Blue Mountain Butter
, IF IT FAILS TO PLEASE YOU . SEND IT
BACK TO YOUR GROCER OR. TO OUR.
CREAMERY AND IT WILL BE CHEER
FULLY REPLACED OR YOUR MONEY
REFUNDED.
SiiojrLmc
Utfiori Pacific
TWO TRAINS TO THE EAST DAILY
Through Pullman standard and
Tourist Sleepers dally to Omaha and
Chicago; tourist sleeper dally to Kan
sas City; through Pullman tourist
sleeping cars (personally conducted)
weekly to Chicago; reclining chair
oars (seats free) to the East dally.
TIME SCHEDULE: FROM PENDLE
TON.
EASTBOUND.
No 2, Chicago Special, arrive 5:19
p. m.; depart, 5:40 p. m.
No. 6, Mall & Express, arrives 4:11
a. m.; depart, 6 a. m.
WESTBOUND.
No. 1, Portland Special, arrive 8:6
a. m.; depart, 8:50 a. m.
No. 5, Mall & Express, arrive, 11
p. m.; depart 11 p. m.
SPOKANE DIVISION.
No. 7, Pendleton passenger, arrlva.
5:35 p. m. v
No. 8, Spokane passenger, depart.
9:10 a. m.
WALLA WALLA BRANCH.
No. 41, Mixed train, arrive, l:4t
. m.
No. 42. Mixed train, depart, 1:18
. m.
No. 7 connects with No. 2.
No. 42 connects with No. 2.
OCEAN AND RIVER SCILEDULH.
FROM PORTLAND.
All sailing dates subject to change.
For San Francisco ever yflve days.
SNAKE RIVER.
Rlparia to Lewlston Leave RI carta
dall, except Saturday, 4:05 a. m.
Leave Lewlaton dally, except Fri
day, 7:00 a m.
E. C. SMITH, Agent, Pendleton.
xJo L So & Mi
Washington &
Columbia River
Railroad
TAKE THIS ROUTE FOR
Chicago, St. Paul, St. Lonla, Kansas
City, St. Joseph, Omaha and
ALL POINTS EAST AND SOUTH,
Portland and Points
on the Sound.
TIME CARD.
Arrive Monday, Wednesday and Fri
day at 2 p. m.
On Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday
1 p. m. Leave at 7 p. m. dally.
Leave Walla Walla t p. m. for cast
Arrive Walla Walla 11:28 a m. from
west.
ITnr Infnrm.ttna,
accommodation., call on or addrani
w. a ua Mo, Agent,
s. a CALDERH BAD, O. P. a..
walla Walla, Washington.
WW
RUNS PULLMAN SLEEPING CAR!
ELEGANT DINING CARS
TOURIST SLEEPING CARS
ST. PAUL
MINNEAPOLIS
DULUTH
FA Ron
Jto i GRAND FORKS
CROOKSTON
WINNIPEG
HELENA and
BUTTE
THROUGI1 TICKETS TO
CHICAGO
WASHINGTON
PHILADELPHIA
NEW YORK
BOSTON
And all points East and Sooth.
Through tickets to Japan and China, via
Tacoma and Northern Pacific Btesashla
Co. and American Una
TIME SCHEDULE.
Trains lean Pendleton dally except Ban.
day, at 7:00 p. m.
For farther Information, tint, tarda,
map. and tickets, call oa or writ. W.
Adams, l'endleton, Oregon, or
m, , A. t. CHARLTOM,
Third and Morrison St.., Portland, Or.
YOU WILL BE
SATISFIED
WITH TOUR JOURNEY
If your tickets read over th.
ver and Rio Grande railroad, tlx
'"Scenlo Lin. of the World."
V BECAUSE
There ar. so many scenic attract cnu
and points of Interest along th. 11 oa
between Ogden and Denver taat tk. -trip
never become, xl re so ma,
If yon ar. going East. writ, for la
formation and get a pretty book thai
will t.ll yon all about tt
W. C. MBKIDE, General Agaatt,
114 TfaM Street, '
Portland. - Oregon