PAGE SIX.
DAILY EAST ORBGOKIAN. FEVDLKTOX. ORKOOW. WUPAT. FEBRUARY S, 0B.
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FOR A HOMESTEAD A MILE SQUARE MEMORABLE LEGISLATURE DP OREGON
Whether (40 acre as a homestead
hall take the place of 1(0 acres la a
sjuestion which la being; discussed be
fore the public lands committees of
the senate and house. Statements
ksT been made showing that a
square mile Is not too much to allow
a man In certain states of the West,
and that 1(0 acres Is too little. An
Interesting argument was made last
Friday before the house committee
by Representative Mondell of Wyom
ing, chairman of the house Irriga
tion committee, in -which he took de
aided ground against any hasty legis
lation on this subject
"Congress passed a law on this
question last session Including the
land of Western Nebraska," he' said,
"with the understanding that It would
be In the nature of an experiment
After a fair trial there, and a care
ful Investigation of its results, It
nay be wise may be wise I say to
enact similar legislation for other
limited localities; but to forthwith
apply the plan to great areas of the
West at this time, would be a danger-
oaa thing. The Nebraska law has
been In no sense a demonstration as
yet-
Mr. Mondell stated that he had
Made four or five long railroad trips
throughout this part of Nebraska and
be had observed no Indication of set
. tlement under this law. He saw no
aew houses nor no vldenos of In-
, creased population. He admitted that
there are vast areas of the West
which can ventually be classified as
razing lands solely. Irredeemable be
yond any process of Irrigation, bet
ter farming methods or through the
Introduction of new arid land crops.
"but he sad, "we are In no eondl
tlon at this time and will not be for
many years, to Intelligently classify
all those lands. There la a great
advance being made on the desert to
day, by -which newly discovered crops
and methods of culture are constantly
maklag. productive and will reclaim
millions of acres which a few years
ago were supposed to be absolutely
nflt for crop growing. It would be
a serious mistake to condemn any of
these lands, which will, as agricul
tural science progresses more and
snore, become suitable for homes, to
Indefinite stock grazing."
As an Illustration, he stated that
In his own county of Weston, lying
Immediately west of the South Da
kota line, some 1! years ago a start
was made by himself and friends to
arow grain without Irrigation. These
"aaTlcultral" operations were looked
upon by the cowboys as a great Joke.
The section was a "cow country," and
dry-land farming! well, there was not
even a question that It would suc
ceed. Now a quarter of a million
bushels of grain and 2S.000 bushels
, of vegetables are produced annually
wheat yielding from II to 25 bush
sis per acre and In Crook county to
nc north, and also west of the South
Dakota line, the crop production.
without irrigation Is much more, tn
the northern half of Weston county,
12 years ago an almost unbroken
range, there Is now an average of
between two and three farms on
every square mile. "This," he said.
"shows the advance we have made
In 12 years. Why have we any reason
to believe that we will not make as
great an additional advance In the
coming 12 years and bring lands un
der cultivation which are now looked
upon as worthless for farming?
"It Is not" he said, "that there Is
a change In climate, but a change In
the class of farmers; not a change In
the soil, but In the class of crops
grown. A considerable portion of
land Included In these (40-acre home
stead hills will be found during the
coming decade or so to be suitable
for so-called 'dry-farming;' consider
able will be Irrigated In small Indi
vidual patches by damming coulees,
etc., and a considerable portion by
private Irrigation systems.
"We are but upon the fringe of the
agricultural development of the great
West We will, If we proceed care
fully In our land policy, ultimately
cultivate as much land by these 'dry
farm methods as through Irrigation.
For every million or 10 million acres
we reclaim through Irrigation In the
west we will have a million or 10
million acres producing profitably
without Irrigation."
COMING EVERTS.
February 1- Western Lumber
men's Association, Spokane.
February (-11 Walla Walla Poul
try show.
February 12 140th anniversary of
tbe birth of Saeajewea's baby at Fort
Mandan, with Lewis and Clark's ex
sedition.
June 1, 105 Opening Lewis and
Clark exposition.
June 12-21 National Woman's
Suffrage Association. Portland.
July 11-14 American Medical As
sociation, Portland.
Notice) to Coiitf ctutv.
Bids for the erection and comple
tion of a two-story frame dwelling on
Court street Pendleton, Or, for
Henry Scales, will be received at the
office of the architect, F. A. Swingle.
In the La Dow block, until Saturday,
February 4 , at 4 p. ra. ' Plans and
specifications can be secured by con
tractors at architect's office. The
owner reserves the right to reject
any and all bids.
Pendleton, Or., January 21.
A coal oil lamp exploded In the
dwelling of O. P. Lane at Qlendale.
Or. A 2-year-old boy was burned to
death and Mrs. Lane and Miss Cooper,
a nurse, were so badly burned and
affected by smoke that they died In a
few hours.
Hanry Rinehart, one of the most In
teresting and resourceful pioneers of
Eastern Oregon, was In the city last
evening from his home at Summer
vllle, In Union county, on business.
Mr. Rinehart was the youngest
member of the Oregon legislature In
the year 18(8, when the county seat
of Umatilla county was removed
from Umatilla to Pendleton, and
voted to remove It to this city. The
other representative from Union
county at that session was David
Benson, who also favored Pendleton,
because of Its more central location
and the certainty that It would de
velop Into a city of more than ordi
nary proportions, because of the rich
farming country In the east end of
the county. Mr. Rinehart was a dem
ocrat, as was his colleague. ,
Mr. Rinehart relates some Interest
ing stories of that
of the legislature. It was at the close
of the session of 1868 that 17 repub
lican members of the hnm rina
at the last hour of the session, break
ing the quorum of the house and
preventing the passage of the central
aODronriatlon bill fnr the aaaalon
amounting to about 820,000. As a re-
sun oi wis action on tne part of the
members, not a cent could be paid
out for the expenses of that union
land the public money that was In the
stats treasury at that time and for
the succeeding two years was idle,
unless it was used by the state treas
urer. Georce L. Woods was aovernnr
at that time, and It Is alleged held a
caucus with the republican members
,and assisted In completing the plot
to prevent the passage of the appro
priation bill, by advising the repub
lican members to resign at the last
hour. The legislature was democratic
out the state officials were all repub
licans. The appropriation bill had been
discussed somewhat, at tha laat rt
and on the afternoon of the last day
everybody was tn readiness to start
home, at the close of the aaaalnn. A
quorum tailed to appear at the open
ing Of the best aeaalnn of tha hnn.
and finally the sergeant-at-arms was
sent om to bring In the delinquents.
He failed to find them, but learned
that a CaUCUS was In nroaraaa anri
that something was about to drop. .
Republicans All Resigned.
Finally the members cam intn
house, and after the bands of the
clock had been turned back several
times In waiting for them, they then
walked out of the house in a body,
depositing: their resignations with the
clerk as they passed out
The session was abruntlv hmnvfct
to an end. The members gathered up
their baggage and started home, over
land, by boat and stage coach. The
last and only task left undone before
the flunrum waa thna henkan waa lha
passage of the appropriation bill.
Sam Mays was secretary of state
and K. N. Cooke, was statu treasurer.
It Is alleged that a well known Nalcm
banker eiiKineered the deal In order
to be able to have the use of the
state funds that would be left Idle In
the treasury, during the succeeding
two years, after the leKtslature hail
failed to pass the appropriation hill.
E. N. Cooke, then state treasurer,
built the old mansion in Sulem Imme
diately following that session of the
legislature, which it is now proponed
to sell to the state for an executive
mansion.
CoUegeN Established.
Other Intensely Interesting features
attach to that session of the legisla
ture. It was at that session that the
University of Oregon was created and
located at Eugene. It was also at
that session that the act was passed,
creating and establishing the Oregon
Agricultural college at Corvullls. The
Methodist church owned an old col
lege building at Corvullls nnd the
state appropriated funds and desig
nated It as the agricultural college
and provided for the first agricultural
science course ever taught in the
state.
At that time there were but five
counties In Eastern Oregon Wasco.
Umatilla, Union, Baker and Qrant. T.
J. Kirk was the member from Uma
tilla county.
H. H. Ollfrey, another young mem
ber from Lane county at that session,
was afterward made reading clerk of
the United States senate, a position
which he held for 30
emor John Whlttaker was speaker of
me nouse at the session of 1888.
Mr. Rinehart came from Iowa to
Oregon In 1854, and from Lane coun
ty to Union county In 18(1, where he
has since resided. He Is secretary of
the Union Countv Plonr
and member of the Rinehart family!
wmcn is organized Into an association
and holds a reunion In Grand Ronde
alley each venr tt. v... k -
" " "KCI I U 1 Ul
the most prominent democratic poll-
i.umns in Eastern Oregon, having
been register of tha T.a n ...- ,
- - - u.miuu 1UIIU
office during the Cleveland terms,
and has held other responsible post-
UUIlsH,
RfsUlk J. Plusia. .fa am- . .
"nior partner of thea TcZ,?,
Co.. dolna fcn.in-. i .J. .r: -02r
ISld i5ii' ..!!? '" "th.
liKRD IOLLAR8 for each sod every esse
n.. . "'RANK". CfTBVKV.
Hworn to before m end stiberrlbed In
ivr tbta etb
8ol. A. W. OI.KAnfW,
s ,. ToWo. O.
si i. . vnem 7 rye.
Tmk Ball'i r-JBlly Hlto for ctutt.
SAVED
J From a Drunkards
Grave
Have been thousands of men
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It la a positive core for tbe
llqoor habit
Right here In Pendletoa
many men have been straight
ened out and given a new start
by oca of TRIB. .
TRIB
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Main street, tester of M
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