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About East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current | View Entire Issue (May 30, 1902)
jjUIYEVENING EDITION DAILY EVENING EDITION Eastern Oregon Weather Tonight and Friday, partly cloudy. THE DAILY 0,P 1 5c A WEEK, PEDLETOX, lLATILLA COTTXTY, OKKUOX, F1UDAY, MAY 30, 11)02. NO. 4 17 1 ?cm rrnT, 15. , IM iEVELT'S MEMORIAL ADDRESS I f I ! J (Ln Mnn MUr. Mrrn U Dliln rr,A lotion s nlller LUIOglBU me men vvnu vyuiu uic uiuc aim Carried the Stars and Mripes to victory, AT WASHINGTON THE PRESIDENT DELIVERED AN ELOQUENT ADDRESS THIS AFTERNOON Before an Immense Congregation Surrounded by the Graves of More Than Thirty Thousand American Heroes, the President of the United States Gave One of the Greatest Oratorical Efforts of His Life, Eulo gizing Not Only the Heroes of the Civil War, But Those of the War ,Wlth Spain as Well. Washington, May 30. Following Is the full text or uie by President Theodore Roosevelt at Arlington cemetery this afternoon: President Roosevet's Address. It is a good custom of. our country in have certain solemn holidays in commemoration of our greatest men and of the greatest crises in our his tory. There should be but few such holidays. To increase their number is to cheapen tliem. Washington and Lincoln the man who did most to found the union and the manwho did mnst tn nresorve it stand lfead and shoulders above all our other public men and have, by common consent won the right to this pre-eminence. Among the holidays that commemo rate the turning points in American history, Thanksgiving has a signifi cance peculiarly its own. On July 4 we celebrate the birth of the na tion; on this day, the 30th of May, we call to mind the deaths of those who died that the nation might live, who wagered all that life holds dear for the great prize of death in bat tle, who poured out their blood like water iu order that the mighty na tional structure raised by the far Eedfng patriotism of "Washington, Franklin, Marshall, Hamilton, and the other great leaders of the Revo lution great framers o the Consti tution, should not crumble into meaningless ruins. Comrades who Wore the Blue. You whom I address today and your comrades who wore the blue beside ou in the perilous years dur ing which strong, sad, patient Lin coln bore the crushing load of nation al leadership, performed the one feat the failure to perform which would havo meant destruction to every tiling which makes the name America a symbol of hope among the nations of mankind. You did the greatest and most necessary task which has ever fallen to the lot of any men on tnis western hemisphere. Nearly threo centuries have passed since the waters of our coasts were first furrowed by the keels of the men whose children's children were to inhent this fair land. Over a century and a half of colonial growth followed tlio settlement; and now for ovrr a century and a quarter we have been a nation. Saving the Union. Durinr our four generations of na tional life we have had many- tasks, and some of them of far-reaching Im- vuuance, but tho only really vital task was the one you did, the task of saving the Union. There were other crises in which to have gone Wrong would have meant disaster; out this was the one crisis in which ' jo have gone wrong would have eant not merely disaster but aunl "-ttuon. For failure at any other' J-""" atonement could have been wale; hut had you failed in the uon nais.,tU l0SS W0Uld hav been Irr- paraui. the defeat irretrievable, upon your success depended all tho luture of the people on this conti nent and much of the future of man est of lessons to us and our children and our children's children. Just at this moment the army of the United States, led by7 men who served among you in the great war, is carrying to completion a small but peculiarly trying and difficult war in which is involved not only the honor of the flag but the triumph of civili zation over forces which stand for the blaci: chaos of savagery and bar barism. Tho task has not been as difficult or as Important as yours, but oh, my comrades, the men In the uni form of the United States, who have for the last three years patiently and uncomplainingly championed 'the American cause in the Philippine islands, are your younger brothers, your sons. They have shown them selves not unworthy of you, and they are entitled to' the support of all men who are proud of what you did, Comrades of Yours. These younger comrades of yours have fought under terrible difflcul ties and have received terrible provo cation from a very cruel and very treacherous enemy. Under the strain of these provocations I deep ly deplore to say that some among them have so far forgotten tnem selves as to counsel and commit, in retaliation, acts of cruelty. The fact that for every guilty act committed by one of our troops a hundred acts of far greater atrocity have been committed by the hostile natives up on our troops, or upon the peaceable and lawabiding natives who are friendly to us can not be held to ex cuse any wrongdoer on our side Determined and unswerving effort must be made, and is being made, to find out every instance of barbarity on the part of our troops, to punish those gulty of it, and to take, if pos sible even stronger measures than have aleady ben taken to minimize or prevent the occurrence oZ all such instances in the future. From time to time there occur in our country, to the deep and lasting shame of our people, lynclilngs car ried on under circumstances of in human cruelty and barbarity a cruelty infinitely worse than any that has ever been committed by our troops In the Phiippines; worse to the victims, and far more brutaliz ins to those guilty of It. The men who fail to condemn these lynchings and yet clamor about what has been done In the Philippines, are indeed guilty of neglecting tho beam as a whole. lofT , us a r0nJted country. You thn "s th,e right of brotherhood with iel ,l in Kray- who with such cour-dSnf-i uch dovtlon for what they aeemed tho rleht fm,i,f i ,,: acM ft "B ovon mro than your enlevement, for vnn , you left -us the it was achieved M Wlin innriA rv.i i i and mM feuuu vy your viuur .UncoKX "1 statesmanship of have B Buimersiup 0r urant effort . al the standards for our you hi,, tho futro both the way the Zt .ym,r, work ln th0' war and way in wi,icll wh thn - wnH Of Peao tUrnetl aga,n t0 thd work sxamplo will stand aa the wis- in their own eye while taunting their brother .about the mote in his. Un dorstand me. These lynchings afford us no excuse for failure to stop cruel ty In the Philippines. Every effort is being made, and will be made, to minimize tho chances of cruelty, oc currlng, Cruelties In the Philippines. But keep in mind that these cruel ties in the Philippines have been wholly exceptional, and have been shamelessly exaggerated. We deep Ty and bitterly regret that any such cruelties should have been commit ted, np matter how rarely, no matter under what provocation, by Amerl can troops. But they afford far lets Justification for a general condemna tion of our army than these lynch ings afford for the condemnation of communities in which they have taken place. In each case it is well to condemn tho deed, and it is well also to refrain from including both Kullty and innocent in the same swooping condemnation. In every community thoro are poo nlo who commit acts of well-nigh inconceivable horror and baseness If wo fix our eyes upon these Individ uals and upon their acts, and if we tercet the far more numerous cit! zens of upright and -honest life and blind oursolves to tholr countless deeds of wisdom and Justice and philanthropy, it is easy enough to condemn the community. There is not a city in this land wo could not condemn if wo fixed our eyes purely upon its police record and refused to look at what it had accomplished for decency and Justice and charity. Yet this is exactly the attitude which has been ffcken by toe many men with reference to our army in tho Philippines; and it is an. attitude both absurd and cruelly unjust. The Rules of Warfare. The rules of wnrofare which havo been promulgated by the war depart ment and accepted as a basis of con duct by our troops in tho field are the rules laid down by Abraham Lincoln when you, my hearers, were fighting for Mie Union. These rules provide,' of course, for the Just se verity necessary in war. The most destructive of all forms of cruelty would be to show weakness where sternness is demanded by iron need. But all cruelty is forbidden, and all harshness beyond what is called for by need. Our enemies in tho Philip pines have not merely violated every rule of war, but have made these violations their only method of car rying on the war. Wo would have been Justified by Abraham Lin coln's rules of war in infinitely great er severity than has been shown. The fact really is that our warefaro in the Philippines has been carried on with singular humanity. For every act "of cruelty by our mor there have been Innumerable acts of forbearance, magnanimity, and gen erous kindness. These are the quali ties which have characterized the war as a whole. The cruelties have been wholly exceptional on our part. - The guilty are to be punished; but. in punishing them, let those who sit at ease at home, who walk delicate ly and live in the soft places of the earth remember also to do them common Justice. Let not the effort less and untempted rail overmuch at strong men who with blood and sweat face years of toil and days and nights .of agony, and at need lay down their - lives in remote tropic jungles to ,bring the light of civiiizn tion in tho world's dark places. The warfare that has extended the bound aries of civilization at the expense of barbarism and savagery has been for centuries one of the most potent factors in the progress of humanity. Yet from its very nature it has al ways and everywhere been liable to dark abuses. Keep Vigilant Watch. It behooves us to keep a vigilant Watch to prevent these abuses and to punish those who commit them; but If because of them we flinch from finishing the task on which we have entered, wo show ourselves cravens and weaklings, unworthy of the sires from whoso loins we sprang. There were abuses and to spare in the civil war. Your false friends then called Grant a "butcher" and spoke of you who are listening to me, as mercenaries, as "Lincoln's hirelings." Your open foes as in the resolution passed by the Confed erate congress in October, 1802 ac cused you, at great length, and with much particularity, of "contemptu ous disregard of tho usages of civi lized war;" of subjecting women and children to "banishment, 'imprison ment and death;" of "murder," of "rapine," of "outrages on women," of "lawless cruelty," of "perpetrat ing atrocities which would be dis graceful to savages;" and Abraham Lincoln was singled out for special attack because of his "spirit of bar barous ferocity." Verily, these men who thus foully slandered you have thefr heirs today in those who tra duco o.ur armies in tho Philippines, who fix their eyes on individual deeds of wrong so keenly that at last they become blind to tho great work of peace and freedom that has al rady been accomplished. Peace and Freedom. Peace and freedom are thoro two better objects for which a soldier can fight? Well, these are precisely tho objects for which our soldiers are fighting in the Philippines. When there Is talk of the cruelties commit ted in the Philippines, remember a! ways that by far the greater portion of these qruelties have been commu ted by the insurgents against their own people as well as against our smoulders thoro is always n chance' for cruelty to show itself. What Is Our ObJect7 Our soldiers conquer; and what Is tho objoct for which they conquer? To establish a military govornmcut? No. Tho laws we are now endeavor ing to enact for the government of the Philippines aro to lncreaso tho power and . domain of tho civil nt the expense of the military authorities, and to render oven more difficult than in the past the chance of oppression Tho military power is used to sccuro peace, in order that it may usolt be supplanted by tho civil government. Tho progress of tho American nrms means tho abolition of cruelty, tho bringing of pence, and tho rule of law and order. They bring troedom. Remember always that tho independ ence' of a tribe or a community may and often does, have' nothing what ever to do with tho freedom of tho individual in that tribe or conununi ty. Thoro arc now in Asia and Afrl-I ca scores of despotic monarchies, each of which is independent, and ml no one of which is there tho slightest vestige of freedom for tho individual man. Scant indeed is the gain to mankind from the "independence" or a blood-stained tyrant who rules over abject and brutalized slaves. Hut great is tho gain to humanity which lollows tho steady though slow intro duction of tho. orderly liberty, the law-abiding freedom of tho individual which is the only sure loundation up on which national Independence enn be built. Wherever, in tho Philip pines the insurrection has been defi nitely and finally put down, there tne Individual Filipino already enjoys such freedom, such personal liberty under, our rule, as bo could never even dream of under the rule of an "independent" Aguinaldian olig archy. Art of Self-Government. The slowly-learned and difficult art of self-government, an art which our people have taught themselves by the labor of a thousand years, can not be grasped In a day by a people only just emerging from conditions of life which our ancestors left behind them In tho dim vears before history dawn od. Wo believe that wo can rapidly teach tho people of the Philippine iKlnnris not only llOW to Clljoy, but how to make good use of tholr free dom: and with their growing knowl edge their growth in self-government shall keep steady pace. When they have thus shown tholr capacity for real freedom by their power ol self government, then, nud not till then will It be possible to decide wliotner they are to exist independently of us or be unit io us ny ties oi wimmun friendship nud interest. When thnt day will come it is not in human wis dom ifow to ioretcll. thnt we can say with certainly is that It would be put back an immeasurable distance if wo should yield to the counsels of unmanly weakness and turn loose the islands, to see our victorious foes butcher with revolt ing cruelty our betrayed friends, and shod tho blood of the most huniano, tho most enlightened, the most peaceful, tho wisest and tho best of their own number for those aro uio classes who have already learned to welcome our rule. . Nor, while fully acknowledging our duties to others, need wo forgot our duty to our own country. The Pa cific seaboard is as much to us as tho Asiatic; as wo grow in powor and prosperity so our interests will grow In that furthest west which is tho ImmeinorJnl cast. Tho shadow of our destiny has already reached to tho shores of Asia. Tho might of our people already looms lurgo against tho world-horizon; and it will loom ever larger as the years go by. No statesman ha3 a right to neglect tho Interests of our people in tho Pacific; interests which aro important to all our people, but which are of most importance to thoao of our peoplo who have built populous and thriving states on tho western siopo of our continent. Not a Party Question. This should no moro bo a party nuestion than tho war of tho Union should havo been a party question. At this moment tho man in highest office in tho Philippine Islands Is tno vice-governor, General Luko Wright, of Tennessee wuo gauuiiwy wore mu gray in tho civil war and who is now MATH! ft 1 NUN HONORED NOBLE DEAD All Over the Country Tributes of Respect Were Rendered Tlioso Who Died to Save tho Union. CITIES VIED WITH ONE ANOTHER TO PAY HOMAG E TO THE DEPARTED VETERANS o Seepng Heroes of the Civil and Spanish Wars Fondly Remembered by a Loving People, Whose Liberty, Freedom and National Honor Had Been Purchased With Their Life Blood Monuments Unveiled at New York and Philadelphia Ceremonies at the Tombs of tho Martyred Lincoln and McKlnley. Washington, May ,10. Tho sleep ing heroes or tho civil nud Spanish wars wero given rovoront homhgo at tho National capltol today. Tho pres ident, cabinet, otllcers of tho army and navy, organizations of veterans and tho public by thousands, with flowers and flags mndo li pllgrlmago to the ceinotcrlos. At Arlington, whoro 30,000 soldiers aro burled, tin principal exorcises wero held. President Roosevelt did not leavo tho Whtto IIouso for Arl ington until about noon, under escort of Georgo R. Harris, or the uisinct of Columbia National Gimid Brigade, and staff. Tho president rode In hi carriage, der-in chief, Torrowe, of tho Grand Army, and miiny dlstinguiehod per sonages In official and j rlvato Hfo, were gathered. Thu bugle sounded tho "assomblo" and tho band rendered an introduc tory dirge. "Nearor My God, to Tlieo" was sung by tho momorlal choir and tho throng In unison; thon Department Commander Uinghnm cnlied tho audience to order, and tho choir rendered u cantata with (loop fooling. Assistant Adjutant General Chaso rend "orders." and Hdwln B. Hay do llvored Lincoln's Gettysburg speech. At tho conclusion thoro was moro nuisle and then the prosldont aroso various grand army posts and Span- and delivered his oration to tho Im- isli war veterans assigned to Ailing' ton, preceding the executive by train. Aftor reaching tho cometory tne ad vance guard, led by the Marltio band, paused at tho tomb of tho unknown, whoro a dlrgo was rendered. Tho procession then reformed and wound its way to tho amphitheater, thoro tho president, cabinet, tho coinman- mouse crowd: At tho conclusion, Gonoral Tor rance dellvored an address, followed by goaoral singing o "Amorica," and tho pronouncing or tho bnnedlction. The Day at New York. Now York, May 30. Tho toaturo (Concluded.) CREAM ' soldiers and that not only tho surest woriffnp hand in hand with the hoad Of our army in the minppincs, Adna Chaffee, who in tho civil war gallantly wore tho bluo. Tnoso two, and tho men under them, from the North and from tho South, in civil lifo and in military Hfo, as teachers, as administrators, as soldiers, aro la boring mightily for us who llvo at home. Hero and there black sheep, aro to bo found among them; but taken as a whole, thoy represent as but the only effectual way of stop ping them is by tLo progress of tho American arms. The victories of tho American army havo been the really effective means of putting a stop to cruelties in tho Philippines. Wher ever these victories have boon com plete and such is now the caso throughout the gr.eator part of tho Islands all cruelties havo ceased, and the native is securo in his life, his liberty, and his pursuit of happi ness. Whero tho insurrection still (Concluded on page 8.) Powder In Use the most Economical Greater in leavening strength, a spoonful raises more dough, or goes further. Working uniformly and perfectly, it makes the bread and cake always light and beautiful, and there is never a waste of good flour, sugar, butter and eggs. With finer food and a saving of money comes the saving of the health of the family, and that is the greatest economy of all. PRICE BAKING POWDER CO., CHICAGO. Mote. Many mixtures, made In Imitation of biktaff powileYi, arc upon the market. They aic sold cheap, but are dear at any price, be cause the contain alum, a corrosive poueo.