MATHEMATICS OF 52 CARDS WANTED HIS FEE IN ADVANCE
Hero of Lake Erie to Have
Memorial.
Big Celebration I t Planned In Honor
of American Commodore Who De
feated the Brltiah In Memor
able Engagement.
Combinations That Are Possible W ith
the Pack Run Into Figures of
Astonishing Size.
•hyslelan Had Good Reason for In
sisting on Money Before Treat
ing Patient for Insomnia.
Every card player probably has
wondered at times how many com
binations
It
la
possible to make
with the 52 cards
of the pack. In
a game like whist
or bridge, where
each player re
ceives a hand of
IS cards, dealt
out from the pack or 62. the total
possible nu-uber of different hands
which may thus be dealt la greater
than alx hundred thousand million.
The exact number Is <36.013,559.(00.
Thia number, however, large as It
may appear, becomes not merely
amall but practically Invisible when
compared with the total number of
arrangements In which the 52 cards
may be placed after the shuffle. To
quote the whole of this 'number would
take too much space, but it may be
mentioned that It begins with 80, fol
lowed by 66 other figures. It would
be quite a hopeless task to attempt
to grasp the conception of the real
meaning of such a number; but some
Idea (at least of Its Inconceivability)
may be presented by means of the
folowlng calculations.
Let us supose that two thousand
millions of human beings (each sup
plied with a pack of cards) were to
attempt actually to produce every
possible arrangement of the 52 cards.
It Is further to be supposed that
they work ceaselessly, without rest
day or night, from year's end to
year’s end. at the rate of one new ar
rangement per second for each per
son during a period of 100.000 years.
It should be noted that the entire
population of the earth today Is esti
mated to be In the neighborhood of
1.600.000.000
The hypothesis from
which we start Is therefore that a
population of one-quarter more than
that which now exists has spent Its
whole time during an Interval more
than 50 times the duration of the
Christian era In shuffling cards at the
rate of one shuffle per second, or
more than thirty-one million shuffles
in each year per head. In view of
aucn figures, the reader may well ask
how many times the total number of
arrangements w ill have been pro
duced by this vast amount of sus
tained human effort. The answer la
not once.
"Doctor." said the caller, "I'm a vic
tim of Insomnia. Can you curs me?"
“I can." replied the physician. "But
before 1 take the case I want to aak
you one question. Are you In busi
ness for yourself or do you work for
others?"
“I'm employed In a grocer's shop."
answered the patient.
"Then you'll have to pay In ad
vance,” said the doctor. “I'm not
doubting your honesty, but r f t r I get
through with you the chances are
you w ill sleep so soundly you'll lose
your Job. Then you can't pay me."
TIME BY MERIDIANS HARR,ET
BEECHER
STOWE
Famous Woman Who Wrote “Unele
Tom’s Cabin* Waa Born One
Hundred Year« Ago,
ARRAN G EM EN T
THAT
MAKES
T H E COMMON STANDARD.
Litchfield. Conn—The one hun
dredth anniversary of the birth of
Harriet Beecher Stowe, one of the fa
System Dates From 18S3. and Wae mous children of Dr. Lyman Beecher
Devised to Meet the Require-
and author of "Unele Tom's Cabin."
waa celebrated at her birthplace her*.
ments of the Railroads—
W hile the author of many books,
Explanation Is Simple.
Harriet Beecher Stowe la remember
The measure of any circle, Includ ed chiefly by her great work. "Uncle
lng the circumference of the earth, of Tom's Cabin." She waa forty years
course. Is 360 degrees. The earth re of age when the atory began to run
volves on Its axis once In 24 hours; as a serial In the National Era. an
hence tbe sun appears to pass over I Abolition paper published In Wash
one-twenty-fourth of the circumfer ington. It was translated Into every
ence of the earth In one hour. It la language of Europe, bad a sale of over
always noon at some point on the
earth's surface, and of eourae at a
point half-way around the earth, It la
mldnlghL The extension of the rail
way systems of the United States,
which cover nearly <0 degrees of
longitude, caused all kinds of trouble
because of the difference of time. It
Is noon by the sun at any point on
the earth’s surface when the sun Is
directly over the meridian of that
point— that Is. It Is noon by sun time;
but nobody runs by sun time. Why?
Because the movement of tbe earth
In Its orbit Is faster In winter than
In summer; so that the time common
ly called "sun time," at each city, la
not sun tithe, as measured by the
minute the sun reaches the meridian
of that point; but, what ts called
"mean time," which Is the average
time throughout the year that the
sun would be on the meridian If the
motion of the earth were absolutely
equal at all points In Its orbIL
The more the railway business of
the country Increased, the greater be
came the trouble
8n. in 1883. the
system called "standard time" was de
vised and adopted by all the railroads
In the United States. The plan—and
a remarkably wise one— was to des
ignate certain meridians, 17 degrees
tifu> HtffnoinP
apart—and where the difference In
actual sun time wruld. of course, be
exactly one bour—and have the time 600.000 copies In tbe first two years
be the same for a space of country, after Its publication, a fourth of wblcB
of which these meridians should be were In England, and It Is still called
for In many of tba public libraries ul
the middle.
Tbe flrst meridian la that of 76 de the country. As a “beat seller” It far
grees west of Greenwich. This line surpassed all tbe work of receot dayl
passes Just east of Philadelphia. For and has been exceeded In circulation
seven and one-half degrees east and by the Bible only At one time more
west of this, the railroads keep what than a dozen theatrical companies
la known as "eastern time.” The were traveling through the country
next meridian Is that of 90 degrees presenting this dram a
west of Greenwich, which passes
through Wisconsin, eastern Iowa and HANOVER’S
FIRST BUILDING
close to Memphis.
This la called
“central time.” The next la the Old Presbyterian Church Which Was
space, 15 drgrees wide, of which the
the Earliest College Structure
meridian of 105 degrees west of
Is to Be Remodeled.
Greenwich Is the middle That merid
Hanover, Ind — The old Presbyterian
ian passes through the eastern edges
on Montana and Wyoming, and Just church at Hanover, which was the first
west of Denver. This
Is called building of Hanover college,' will be
“mountain time." The next tlme-atrlp remodeled. The building was erect
has Its middle on the meridian of ed In what was then South Hanover,
120 degrees west of Greenwich, which In 1828 Hanover college bad had Its
passes through Washington. Oregon Inception In a little log cabin two
and California. Thia la called "Paci years before.
The first real college classes In the
fic time."
For Instance, suppose one Is travel state were held In tbe building that Is
ing from San Francisco east, and sets to be remodeled. A seminary was also
bis watch In that city. Suppose he started In the building In 1837. Thia
comes east over the Union Pacific. A t was removed to Chicago later and Is
Ogden, which the railroad has made now the largest seminary of Its kind
the point of time-division, be sets bis In the west— the McCormick seminary.
watch an hour faster. At Cheyenne A tornado took the top story off the
Mills, Colo., he sets It an hour faster building In 1837 and the college was
again, for the changes from mountain moved to a new structure about a
to central time. He reaches Chicago, mile east, overlooking tbe Ohio river,
and goes east over the I,ake Shore. and tbe building was made Into a
Every commencement exer
At Buffalo he sets his watch one hour church
faster, that being the dividing point cise since 1830 has been held In thia
church, and a large number who have
between central and eastern time.
When he does this he finds his watch
agreeing with tbe time of tbe places
through which he passes, and with
the railway timecards. If he traveled
westward, be would simply set his
watch one hour slower at the point
named.
Cleveland, O.— Doubtless everybody
baa read In tbe newspapers of an act
of concrete, patted at tbe recent te t
•Ion, for the commemoration of the
centennial anniversary of the battle
of Lake Brie, which waa fought by
Commodore Oliver Hazard
Perry
The M ilitary Rule.
against a Brltiah fleet under Captain
A southern farmer was trying to
Barclay off Put-in-Bay, An approprla
sell a mule to a negro who two years
tlon of $250,iW0 wat made a t a con
before bad been kicked on the head
trlbutlon toward a general fund to
by the animal.
pay for a suitable monument, and the
"Of course." said the farmer, "thia
prealdent waa authorlaed to appoint
mule kicks, but------ "
three commissioner*.
"I don' wan' him." objected the col
The centennial celebration had al
ored man emphatically.
ready been agitated for two year* In
"Just because be kicks?" asked the
Ohio and the legislature of the state
farmer, with an air of contempt.
had already appropriated $50,000. The
"Hum ph!" grunted the negro. “Dat
legislature of Pennsylvania had ap
mule don’t kick. He shoots."—Popu
propriated $100,000 and the 'Rhode
lar Magaslne.
Island legislature bad appropriated
$25,000 by a unanimous vote, but the
Not to Bs Encouraged.
governor vetoed the bill after It had
An Oklahoma editor waa much In
adjourned.
terested In a scientific note he en
Bills have been Introduced In the
countered In an eastern paper, to the
legislatures of New York for $75,000.
effect that tf the earth were flattened
In Illinois and Wisconsin for $50,000
the sea would be two miles deep all
each and It la expected that Kentucky
over the world.
w ill do equally well, because that
The editor reprinted this note with
state furnished nearly all the soldiers
the following comment:
for General Harrison's army In the
“If any man la caught flattening the
war of 1812, and a squad of the gun
earth, shoot him on the spot. There's
ners In Commodore Perry's fleet. A
a whole lot of us In this state who
good deal Is expected from Michigan,
ran't swim."— Success Magazine.
but nothing has been done there yet
except to appoint a commission to
A Poor "Worm."
meet with those representing the na
Tease— It Is said that silkworms fed
tional government and Ohio, Pennsyl
vania, New York, Rhode Island, Ken
on different leaves produce silks of
tucky. Wisconsin and Illinois.
varied colors; thus vine leaves pro
It Is proposed to erect a lofty col
duce a bright red. and lettuce an em
umn. at least 450 feet high, with a
erald green.
lighthouse and a wireless telegraph
Crlmsonbeak—W ell, when this par
office at the top. and at the base an
ticular worm produces a silk dress tor
auditorium that will seat at least 1.200
his wife, he doesn't feel like eating
people. W ithin the shaft It Is pro
anything for a month.”— Yonkers
posed to have historical, m ilitary and
Statesman.
naval museums and rendexvous for
the naval mllltla and the yacht clubs
Cheated.
on the lakes. It Is also proposed to
Manager— What's the leading lady
bring from the harbor of Havana one
In such a tantrum about?
of the masts of the battleship Maine
Press Agent— She only got nine
to be used as a flagstaff. Several 12-
bouquets over the footlights tonight
Inch guns from the Oregon and from
Manager— Great Scotti Ain't that
the Spanish battleship Vlscaya are to AUTOMOBILE AS A REMEDY ienough?
secured and used as ornaments at the
Press Agent— Nope— she paid for
base of the monument.
Physicians Bay Its Vibrations May ten.
While the Perry victory will not b«
Help In Cure of Vertigo and
celebrated until 1913, arrangement»
Endless Suspicion.
Paralysis.
are already under way In various lake
"W hy can't that manager and the
ports along the lower Lake Erie pre
The literature of automoblllng In prlma donna come to a friendly un-
paring for the occasion which will fit Its relationship to disease Is still very I derstanding?”
tingly mark the one hundredth anni
meager, and It Is
" It’s impossible.
I f business ts
versary of Perry's victory. Not only
only through oc good she Is sure to feel that tbe man
w ill the various state national guards
casional notea In ager Is getting her work too cheap.
men be sent to the lake region foi
medical and scien J And If business la bad he Is certain
tific Journals that that she isn't earning her salary.”
one becomes ac
quainted with the
The Only Thing.
effects of relative
Guest (after a particularly bad
ly new methods of lunch)—There la one thing on your
locomotion on diseases. Medical men i table which Is unsurpassed In the fln-
declare that there Is nothing speclflc ' est hotels In London.
about the motion of automlblllng, for
Seaside
Hotel
Proprietor— Very
It Is merely a matter of petty shocks kind of you to say so, sir. May I ask
or vibrations, such as occur In rail what you refer to?
way trains, and. If automobile jour
Quest— The salt!— London Opinion
neys appear to produce certain ef
fects, It Is quite safe to assume that
W A LL STR EET.
railway travel w ill be followed by the
same or similar consequences.
A t a recent meeting of the Berlin
Society for Psychiatry and Nervous
Diseases, Professor Oppenheimer read
a paper on habitual vertigo from
which It appeared that this condition
la less apparent to the patient when
riding In automobiles or railway
trains. Professor Kron then stated
that be had seen the same sequence,
Jewels That Deck Queen.
but attributed ft to psychic causes—
At almost all the court functions
distraction of the attention. He cited
which have been so numerous this
the case of a rope dancer who suf
month the queen’s preference for dia
fered from vertigo when on the
monds over sny other jewels has been
ground, but was never bothered while
Invariably manifested.
Beautiful as
In tbe air. The psychic factor, he
are sapphires, emeralds and other col
said, Is naturally In evidence here,
ored stones. It Is certain that no gem
and the state of affairs Is paralleled
can compete with diamonds In bril
Perry Monument Near Cleveland.
by the actor who always stutters
liance of effect
while off the stage, but never while
They are the court stones par ex
the occasion, but the m ilitary and speaking his lines In a play.
cellence and set off the magnificence
Professor Bernhardt stated that the
naval departments of the United
of a court toilet as no other Jewel can.
States government have promised to patient with habitual vertigo feels In
Diamonds are particularly becoming
send federal troops and middles to better spirits on an automobile or
to the queen, and her majesty never
railw
ay
Journey,
and
this
la
also
true
take p art The committee on mili
looks better than when wearing her
tary and naval affairs has framed a of patients with paralysis agitana. He
high crown of alternate Maltese
tentative program by which the fa attributed the favorable result to the
crosses and fleurs de Ils and her dog
mous "battle of Fallen Timbers." fact that the Involuntary motion Im
collar of diamonds of lattice work de
Mandy—
Why,
Cyrus,
yer
must
hev
"siege of Fort Meigs,” "battle of Fort parted by the vehicle antagonizes tbe
sign.
Sanducky” and "battle of Fort Ste sensations of vertigo and tremor. One walked yerself ter death In New
Queen Alexandra, on the other hand,
phenson” will be reproduced In the of bis patients with paralysis agitana York, yer looks so tired.
had a marked preference for pearls
Cyrus—
Thet's
what
I
did.
I
wuz
lake near this section and Put-in-Bay, takes several rides dally on an auto
and colored atones, particularly ame
tryln ’ ter find thet street wot wuz
the latter place containing the cave omnibus with beneficial results.
thysts, of which her majesty pos
full
of
bulls
an'
bears.
where Commodore Perry hid for some
sesses a beautiful parure, which does
weeks following the battle In which
not form part of the crown Jewels but
The Beat Position.
From the Farmer.
his ships were lost The "battle of
Is her own private property.— London
Prior to the commencement of a
“Our whole neighborhood has been Gentlewoman.
the Thames” will also be reproduced boys’ cricket match there were sev
according to present plans. Thou eral candidates on the fielding side stirred up,’: said the regular reader.
The editor of the country weekly
sands of regular troops and many for the position of long field.
Fine W ork by Southern Boys.
seized his pen. "Tell me all about IL"
brigades of the various state militia
“Harris had It last week and the
A few years ago the average yield
w ill be camped near Put-in-Bay where week before,” complained two or he said. “W hat we want Is news.
of corn to the acre In South Caro
What stirred It up?”
they will give a sham battle as one of
three of the boys to their captain.
the leading features of the celebra
"Plowing,” said the farmer.— D rift line was a fraction over eight bushels;
"It's about time someone else had a
last year the crop had grown to an
tion. They will be met near there by
wood.
turn.”
average of 18 and a fraction bushels.
war vessels of the British and Amer
The discussion seemed likely to end
This shows growth In Intelligence of
ican navies to assist in the maneu
Hobble
Impossible.
In a free fight, when the local curate
culture as well as In quantity, says a
vers. Later, "Perry's victory of Lake
Jack—
I
thought
you
told
me
hobble
came cn the scene and endeavored to
E rie ” will be staged near Put-in-Bay.
skirts were worn In this town? That w riter In the American Magazine.
pour oil on tbe troubled waters.
The cause of the Increase has been
The events reproduced will be
“You surprise me, boys, he said. Isn't one.
events of nearly 25 years of warfare
Fred— Oh, that Is the dressmaker. the boys of 8outh Carolina, and In
“Harris
has
done
especially
well
In
between Americana on one side and
She can’t wear one, because she has fact of the whole south. Jerry Moore,
British and Indians on the other. Only that position, hasn’t he?"
who In 1910 produced 228 bushels of
“He has so, " agreed the malcon to chase after the others to collect corn on one acre of land, Is the cham
the most Important events will be
her
bills.—
Exchange.
enacted, so that the performance will tents. "It he's had to climb Bllgglns’
pion of an army of over 6,000 boys In
wall after the ball once, he's had to
not last more than 14 days.
South Carolina alone enrolled In the
Knew Him,
a
dozen
times."
There Is no suitable monument for
Church— And what sort uf a man Is Boys’ Corn clubs of the south. They
"Well?"
queried
the
reverend
gen
Commodore Perry and his four broth
have not only been learning what can
your neighbor?
ers, tbe most famous fam ily of sea tleman.
be done on the farms with a scientific
Ootham—Oh,
he’s
the
kind
of
a
"That's why we want a chance,"
fighters In the United States. Tbe
application of fertilizers and a deeper
man
who
would
cheerfully
get
up
and
I furrowing of the plow, but they have
father and five sons were officers of snapped a podgy youngster; “old Bllg-
give his seat to a lady—in a dentist’s
g!ns'
gooseberries
are
ripe
and
his
♦ h . n a w and two ot the slaters mar-
I taught their elders.
ehete— Yonkers Statesman. I
JOINS m
com
Educator’s Wile Goes to Follow
Stranoe God.
~ ,/
Purdue University Head Divorced A ft
er Indian Philosophy Is Bald to
Have Taken W ife to South
Boa Islands.
Lafayette, Ind— It la the high prh
liege of all to follow Individual taste
In tho matter of religious belief, but
sometimes the result Is deplorable la
the extreme. Not all can think alike
as regai da tbe here aud the hereaft
er, on this alllm portaut matter of man
aud his final destiny, but In spite of
thia diversity of opinion all good men
and women will deeply aympathlse
with a family where tbe wife and
mother has deliberately left her home
to follow after a strange g«d Such a
regrettable Instance has just been
brought to light through the granting
of a divorce to President W inthrop E.
Stoue, of I’urdue university, who Is
glveu the custody of a minor child,
Henry Stoue, ou the ground of aban
donment
The course of this tragedy which
has brought deep sorrow to the Stone
family la tolJ In a pathetic atory
dating back three years, when a class
In "Yoga philosophy" was organised
In Lafayette. Many women aud men
In college joined the class, which be
came a fad In social circles. It was
taught that a complete fulfillm ent of
"Yoga philosophy" Involved tbe sep
aration from family, friends and kind
red, Mrs. Stone became a devout fol
lower of thia faith and left home.
When last heard from Is an authentic
way she was In Germany, but has been
reported since that she ha« left that
country for Kabakon. a South Sea Is
land, to Join a colony of followers of
the new belief In tbe Island where
Mrs Stone Is supposed to be Its mem
bers are called sun worshipers
This colony Is one of the queerest
In the world. It waa founded several
years ago by August Knglehardt anJ
numbers fewer than 100 persons They
live almoet entirely on cocoanuts. Tbe
clothing they wear Is said to be of the
variety and quality affected by the
natives of the South Sea Islands who
have not come In contact with the
civilizing Influences of tbe mission
aries.
Owing to the trouble with bis wlfa
Mr. Stone recently sent his resigna
tion to the trustees of Purdue, but
they unanimously declined to accept
IL He has been a capable bead of the
university since 1900.
It was no emotional. Impulsive ac
tion that took Mrs. Stone from her
family. Her course was deliberate,
and she followed It after long reflec
tion and, apparently, after having
counted the full cost.
Most singular Is the story of Mrs.
Stone's fall under the spell of the mys
terious Yoga cu lt For yeara she had
been reading theosophy snd kindred
subjects, and was mildly Interested In
them. It was along about this time
that Dr. George Moulton organized In
Lafayette a class In the Yoga philoso
phy. Many women and some men, In
West Lafayette, th j college town.
Joined the class, and It became a great
fad with certain highly educated peo
First Building at Hanover.
ple. Moulton taught that the Yoga phil
osophy was the religion of the Indian
become prominent In affairs have gone Yogi, or Soothsayers
out of tbe building as college grad
One of the leading features of this
' doctrine was that of the "withdrawal,"
uates.
It Is believed here that the flrst or separation from kindred snd
diploma given to any woman from an friends. It was this feature that at
educational Institution of any kind last fastened Itself upon Mrs. Stone as
was given here In this building to subsequent events showed. Meetings
Margaret Minter of Nantucket, R. I. of Dr. Moulton’s class were held In
More than fifty people who have been several homes. Books on the subject
members of this church have gone In , were put In the hands of Mrs. Stone
to the foreign mission field, and ten and other members of the class, and
college presidents were once members their Interest grew.
of the congregation.
Radical and revolutionary as were
the books of the cult, Dr. Moulton
WOMEN TO CARE FOR TREES seemed to go still beyond them, and
evolve a Yoga philosophy of his own.
Aldermen of Middletown, N. Y , Let But the members of the clnss were
Contract to Society Leaders—
warned not to make public any of the
Big Victory for Former.
private and secret Instructions of how
to send telepathic messages, how to
Middletown, N. Y.—The women of hypnotize, how to use the key of Kar
Middletown won a great victory the ma Yoga, and how to heal the sick.
other day when the board of aider- One of the Injunctions In this respect
men turned over to them the care of was “Do not become a laughing stock
the shade trees of the city and the for your friends by telling them what
bids of other contractors were thrown you can do or how you do IL ”
aside. I-Ast year the Federation of
Women's Clubs took up the mntter of
June Brides 8et Record.
saving the shade trees of tbe city and
New York.—June brides were nev
succeeded In getting the taxpayers to
vote $1,200 for that purpose. The al er so numerous In Greater New York
More than 6,000 li
dermen let the contract and at the as this year.
end of the season the women claimed censes— 8,069, to be precise— were Is
the work had not been done properly. sued In the month, against 6,728 In
This year the women asked the alder the same month Inst year, which waa
the record until now.
■ an to award them the contraoL
I