GOLD HILL NEWS t i
to th is effect continued
H o b s o n ’s H e r o ls :
tary service, deserves unmeasured praise. tended bou n d ary betw een th e A rg en tin »
activ ely w it
ith th e g o v ern m en t of Spain
The next act In th e w ar thrilled not
republic and Chile, stre tc h in g along th e
T o t a l C a s u a lt ie s .
looking to th e Im m ediate conclusion of a alone
the h e arts of o u r countrym en, b u t
A ndean crests, from the southern b o r­
six m o n th s' arm istice In C uba w ith a th e world,
T
he
to
ta
l
c
asu
alties
In
killed
and
w
ound­
exceptional heroism .
view to effect th e recognition of h er peo­ On th e night by of Its
in the arm y d u rin g th e w ar w as us fol­ der of the A tacam a desert to the M agel­
P l U U S H E I ) K V K IIY S A T U R D A Y .
June 3 L ieutenant H ob­ ed
lan stra its, nearly a th ird of th e len g th
lows:
ple’s rig h t to Independence. Besides this, son, aided by seven
devoted volunteers,
Officers killed, 23; enlisted men killed, of the South A m erican continent, a s­
the In sta n t revocation of th e o rd er of re- blocked the narrow o u tlet from Santiago
GOLD H ILL...........................OREGON. co n cen tratio n w as asked, so th a t the su f­ ,.a rb ° r by »Inking th e collier M errim ac In 257; to ta l, 280; officers wounded, 113; en­ sum ed an acu te stage In the early p a r t
of th e y e a r and afforded this governm ent
ferers, re tu rn in g to th e ir homes and the channel under a fierce Are from the listed men wounded, 1464; total. 1577.
Of the navy, killed, 17; wounded, 67; occasion to express the hope th a t the re­
aided by united A m erican an d Spanish shore b atteries, escaping w ith th eir lives
so
rt to a rb itra tio n , already contem plated
effort, m ig h t be p u t In a w ay to support a» by a miracle, b u t falling Into tho died as resu lt of w ounds, 1; Invalided from
by existing conventions betw een the p a r­
service, 6; total, 9L
them selves, and by orderly resum ption of hands of the Spaniards. It Is a most g ra l
ties, m ight prevail, despite the g rave diffi­
the well-nigh destroyed productive en er­ Ifylng Incident of the w ar th a t the brav-
culties a risin g In Its application. I am
P E A C E N E G O T IA T IO N S ,
gies o f th e Island co n trib u te to the re s­
little band of heroes waa cor-
h appy to say th a t arra n g e m e n ts to this
to ratio n of Its tra n q u illity and well-being. d.ally appreciated by th e Spaniards, who
end have been perfected, the questions qf
A u t h o r it y to I n te r v e n e .
sen t a flag of truce to notify Adm iral S p a i n ’s O v e r t u r e s f o r a C e s s a t i o n o f fa c t upon w hich th e respective com m is­
H o s tilitie s .
G rieved and disappointed a t this b arren Sam pson of their safety and to oompli-
sioners w ere unable to agree being In
outcom e of my sincere endeavors to reach m ent them upon th eir darin g act. They
T he annihilation of A dm iral C erv era's course o f referen ce to her B ritan n ic m a­
a p racticab le solution, I felt It my d u ty to w ere subsequently exchanged, July 7.
fleet,
followed
by
the
cap
itu
latio
n
of
S
an­
je
s ty for d eterm in atio n . A residual dif­
rem it th e whole question to congress. In
By Ju n e 7 th e c u ttin g of the last Cuban tiago, having brought to the Spanish gov­ ference, touching th s n o rth e rn boundary
the m essage of April 11, 1838, I announced i cable Isolated the Island. T h ereafter the ern m en t a realizing sense of the hopeless­ line across th e A tacam a desert, fo r w hich
th a t w ith this last o v ertu re In th e d irec­ Invasion w as vigorously prosecuted. Ju n e
ness of continuing a stru g g le now becom­ existing tre a tie s provided no adequate a d ­
tion of Im m ediate peace In C uba an d its 10, under a heavy pro tectin g fire, a land- ing
wholly unequal, It m ade o v ertu res of ju stm en t, bids fa ir to be settled In like
disap p o in tin g reception by Spain th e e f­ » S force
m arines from the Oregon, peace th ro u g h the F ren ch am bassador, m an n er by a Joint com m ission, upon whioh
fo rt of the executive w as b ro u g h t to an M arblehead an d Y ankee waa effected a t who, w ith th e assen t of his governm ent,
end.
I ag ain review ed th e a lte rn a tiv e G u an tan am o bay, w here It had been de­ h ad acted as th e friendly /representative th e U nited S ta te s m in ister a t Buenos
A yres has been Invited to serve a s um ­
course of action w hich I h ad p repared, term ined to establish a cable statio n . This of
p a in s Interests during the w ar. On pire in the la s t reso rt.
concluding th a t the only course co nsonant Im p o rtant and essential port w as tak en the S 26th
of
July,
M.
Cam
bon
presented
a
I n t e r n a t io n a l C a b le A g r e e m e n t .
w ith In tern atio n al policy an d com patible fro m the enem y a fte r severe fighting by
I have found occasioil to ap proach the
w ith o u r firmly set h isto rical trad itio n s th e m arines, who w ere the first organized com m unication, signed by the D uke of
A
lm
odovar,
th
e
S
panish
m
inister
of
state,
To th e S en ate and House of R ep resen ta­ w as Intervention as a n e u tra l to sto p th e force of the U nited S tates to land In Cuba.
A rgentine governm ent w ith a view to re ­
tives: N o tw ith stan d in g th e added burdens w ar an d check th e hopeless sacrifice of T he position so won w as held, despite the Inviting the U nited S tates to s ta te the m oving differences of ra te ch arg es Im­
rendered n ecessary by the w ar, o u r people life, even th o u g h th a t re so rt involved desperate a tte m p ts to dislodge our forces. term s upon w hich It would be w illing to posed upon the cables of a n A m erican
rejoice In a very satisfacto ry and stead ily “ hostile co n stra in t upon both p arties to By Ju n e 16 additional forces were lauded m ake peace. Ju ly 30, by a com m unication corporation in the tran sm issio n betw een
addressed to the D uke of A lm odovar, and Buenos A yres and th e cities of U ru g u ay
in creasin g degree of prosperity, evidenced th e contest, as well to en force a tru ce a s and stro n g ly Intrenched.
handed by M. Cam bon, the term s of this
by th e larg est volum e of business ever to provide for ev en tu al se ttle m e n t.’’
Ju n e 22 the advance of th e invading governm ent w ere announced su b sta n tia lly and B razil of th ro u g h m essages p assin g
recorded. E very m an u factu re has been
On April 22 I proclaim ed a blockade of arm y u n d er M ajor-G eneral S h after landed In th e protocol, a fte rw a rd s signed. On from and to the U nited S tates. A lthough
productive, ag ricu ltu ral p u rsu its have th e northern coast of C uba, Including a t D aiquiri, about 15 m iles east of S a n ti­
th e m a tte r is com plicated by exclusive
yielded a b u n d a n t retu rn s, lab o r In the ports on said coast betw een C ardenas and ago. T his w as accom plished under g reat A ugust 10, the Spanish reply dated A ugust concessions by U ru g u ay and B razil t®
fields of Industry Is b e tte r rew arded, rev ­ B ahia H onda and the p o rt of Clenfuegos, difficulties, b u t w ith m arvelous dispatch. 7 w as handed by M. C am bon to the sec­ foreign com panies, th ere Is a stro n g hope
enue legislation passed by the present on the south co ast of C uba; and on the 23d On Ju n e 23 the m ovem ent a g ain st S antiago re ta ry of sta te . I t accepted uncondi­ th a t a good u n d erstan d in g will be reached
tionally the term s Imposed as to Cuba,
congress h as Increased th e tre a su ry 's re
Im p o rtan t channels of com ­
I called for v olunteers to execute the p u r­ w as begun.
P o rto Rico, and an Island of th e L adrone and th a t the
celpts to th e am o u n t estim ated by its pose of the resolution.
com m unication betw een
th e
On the 24th the first serious engagem ent group, b u t appeared to seek to Introduce m ercial
au th o rs, the finances of the g o vernm ent
took place In w hich the F irst and T enth Inadm issible reserv atio n s In reg ard to our U nited S ta te s and the A tlan tic cities o f
T
h
e
D
e
c
l
a
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
W
a
r
.
have been successfully adm inistered and
South A m erica m ay be freed from an a l­
alry an d the F irst volunteer cavalry, dem and a s to the Philippines.
By my m essage of A pril 25, congress w as cav
Its credit advunced to the flret ra n k ; while
m ost prohibitory discrim ination.
G eneral Y oung’s b rig ad e of G eneral
Conceiving
th
a
t
discussion
on
th
is
point
Its currency h as been m aintained a t the Informed of th e situ atio n , and I recom ­ W h eeler’s division, particip ated , losing
F o r e ig n E x h ib it io n * .
could n eith er be practicable nor profitable,
w orld's highest stan d ard . M ilitary serv ­ mended form al declaratio n of th e ex ist­ heavily.
By nightfall, how ever, ground
D espite the brief tim e allotted fo r prep­
ice u n d er a comm on flag an d fo r a ence of a s ta te of w ar betw een the U nited w ithin five miles of S an tiag o w as won. I directed th a t, In o rd er to avoid m is­ aration,
the exhibits of this country a t
rig h teo u s cau se h as stren g th en ed th e S tates and Spain. C ongress accordingly T h e ad v a n ta g e w as steadily Increased. u n d erstan d in g . th e m a tte r should be
n atio n al sp irit and served to cem ent m ore voted on the sam e day th e a c t approved On J u ly 1 a severe b a ttle took place, our fo rth w ith closed by proposing th e em ­ th e universal exposition a t B russels In
closely th an ev er the fra te rn a l bond« be­ A pril 25, 1898, d eclaring tho existence of forces g ain in g th e o u te rw o rk s of Santiago, bodim ent In a form al protocol of the 1897 enjoyed the sin g u lar distinction of a
larg er proportion of aw ards, having re­
tw een every section of the co u n try .
such w ar from and Including the 21st day and El C aney and San Ju a n w ere tak en term s In w hich th e negotiations for peace
A review of th e relatio n s of th e U nited of April, and re-en acted th e provision of a fte r a d esperate charge an d the Invest­ w ere u n d ertak en . T he vague and inex­ gard to the num ber and classes of articles
S ta te s to o th e r pow ers, alw ays ap p ro p ri­ the resolution of April 20, directing the m en t of th e city w as com pleted. The plicit suggestions of the S panish note entered, th an those of other countries. The
ate, is th is y e a r of p rim ary im portance, president to use all the firmed forces of the n avy co-operated by shelling the town could n o t be accepted, the only reply be­ w orth of such a result in m aking known
ing to p resen t as a v irtu a l u ltim atu m a our national capacity to supply th e w orld’»
In view of the m om entous Issues w hich nation to c a rry th a t a c t Into effect.
and th e coast forts.
d ra ft of the protocol, em bodying th e pre­ m a rk e ts Is obvious.
have risen, d em anding In one Instance th e
Due notification of th e existence of w ar
cise
term s tendered to Spain In o u r note
T h e N i c a r a g u a C a n a l,
D e s tr u c tio n o f t h e A rm a d a .
u ltim a te d eterm in atio n by a rm s and In­ os afo resaid w as given A pril 25 by tele­
T he N icaragua can al commission, u n d er
On th e day follow ing this brilliant of Ju ly 30, w hich added stip u latio n s of
volving far-reach in g consequences w hich g rap h to all the governm ents w ith which
d
etails
as
to
the
app
o
in
tm
en
t
of
com
­
R
ear-A
dm
iral Jo h n G. W alker, appointed
will require th e e a rn est atte n tio n of th e the U nited S tates m ain tain ed relations, In achievem ent of our land forces, Ju ly 3,
m issioners to a rra n g e for the evacuation Ju ly 24, 1897, u n d er the a u th o rity of a
congress.
order th a t th e ir n e u trality m ight be a s­ occurred the decisive naval com bat of the of the Spanish A ntilles. On A ugust 12. provision In the su n d ry civil a c t of Ju n e 4,
In my la s t an n u al m essage, very full sured durin g th e war. T h e v arious govern­ w ar. The Spanish fleet, atte m p tin g to
consideration w as given to th e question m ents responded w ith p roclam ations of leave the h arbor, w as m et by the A m eri­ M. C am bon announced his receipt of full of th a t year, has nearly com pleted Its
of th e du ty of the g o vernm ent of th e n eu trality , each a fte r Its own method. It can squadron under com m and of Comm o­ pow ers to sign the protocol as subm itted. labors, and the resu lts oí Its exh au stiv e
Inquiry Into tho proper route, the feasibil­
T e r m s o f t h e P r o to c o l.
U nited S tates to w ard Spain and th e C u­ Is not am ong the least g ratify in g Incidents dore Sam pson. In less th a n three hours
A ccordingly, on the afternoon of A ugust ity and the cost of con stru ctio n of an ln-
ban Insurrection, as being by fa r the of the stru g g le th a t th e obligations of all th e S panish ships w ere destroyed.
m ost Im p o rtan t problem w ith w hich we n e u tra lity w ere Im partially discharged by Tw o to rpedo-boats w ere su n k and the Ma­ 12, M. Cambon as th e p lenipotentiary of teroceanlc canal b y the N icarag u a route,
rla T eresa, A lm lrante Oquendo, Vizcaya Spain and the se c re ta ry of state, as the will be laid before you. In the perform ­
w ere called upon to deal. T he co n sid era­
all, often u n d er delicate and difficult cir­ and C ristobal Colon w ere driven ashore. plenipotentiary of the U nited S tates, ance of Its w ork th e com m ission received
tions then advunced, and th e exposition cum
stances.
all possible courtesy and assistan ce from
The Spanish adm iral and over 1300 men signed the protocol providing:
of th e view s therein expressed, disclosed
T ho n atlo n u l defense fund of $50,000,000 w ere ta k e n prisoners. W hile th e enem y's
"A rticle 1. Spain will relinquish all the governm ents of N icarag u a and C osta
my sense of th e extrem e g rav ity of th e
w a s expended In larg e p a rt by th e loss of life w as deplorably large, some claim of sovereignty over an d title to | R ica, w hich th u s testified th eir apprecia­
situation.
tion of the im portance of giving a speedy
S etting aside, as logically unfounded a rm y and th e navy, and th e objects for 200 perishing, on our side but one m an Cuba.
w
hich It w as used a re fully show n In th e w as killed and one man seriously wounded.
“A rticle 2. Spain will cede to the U nited and p ractical outcom e of the p ro ject th a t
or
p ractically
Inadm issible,
recogni­
re
p
o
rts
of
th
e
several
secretaries.
It
w
as
A lthough our ships w ere repeatedly struck, S tates the Island of P orto Rico an d o th er has for so m any y ears engrossed the a t ­
tion of the C uban Insurgents as belliger­
m ost tim ely ap p ro p riatio n , enabling the not one w as seriously Injured. The men Islands now under Spanish sovereignty In tention of the respective countries.
ents, recognition of th e Independence
g
o
v
ern
m
en
t
to
stre
n
g
th
e
n
Its
defenses
and
As th e scope of recent inquiry em braced
also conspicuously distinguished th em ­ th e W est Indies, and also an Island in
of Cuba, n e u tra l Intervention to end th e
w ar by Im posing a ratio n al com prom ise to m ake p re p a ra tio n s g reatly needed In selves, from the com m anders to the g u n ­ the L adroncs to be selected by th e U nited the w hole su b ject w ith the aim of m aking
plans and su rv ey s fo r a can al by the m ost
betw een th e co n testan ts, Intervention In case of w ar. T his fund being Inadequate n ers and th e unnam ed heroes In the States.
"Article I. T he U nltejl S tates will occu­ convenient route. It necessarily Included
fav o r of one or th e o th e r p a rty an d th e to th e req u irem en ts of equipm ent and for boiler-room s, each and all co ntributing
forcible an n ex atio n of the Island, I con­ th e conduct of the w ar, th e p atrio tism of tow ard the achievem ent of th is astound­ py and hold th e city, bay and h a rb o r of a review of the re s u lts of previous s u r ­
cluded It w as honestly due to o u r frien d ly co n g ress provided th e m eans In th e w ar ing victory, for w hich n eith er ancient nor M anila, pending the conclusion of a tre a ty veys and plans, and In p a rtic u la r those
relatio n s w ith Spain th a t she should be revenue a c t of Ju n e 13 by au th o rizin g a m odern h isto ry affords a parallel In the of peace, w hich sh all determ ine th e con­ adopted by th e M aritim e C anal C om pany
given a reasonable ch an ce to realize h er 3 p er cen t p o p u lar loan, no t to exceed com pleteness of the event and the m arvel­ trol, disposition and governm ent of the under Its ex istin g concessions from N ica­
ra g u a and C osta R ica, so th a t to th is ex­
expectations of reform to w hich sh e hud $400,1X10,000, an d by levying additional Im­ ous disproportion of casualties. I t would P hilippines.”
posts and tax es. Of the auth o rized loan, be invidious to single o u t a n y for special
The fo u rth a rtic le provided for th o a p ­ te n t these g ra n ts necessarily held an es­
become Irrevocably com m itted.
$200,000,000
w
as
offered
and
prom
ptly
taken,
sential
p a rt in th e deliberations an d con­
pointm
ent
of
Joint
com
m
issions
on
the
honor. D eserved prom otion has rew arded
W ithin a few w eeks previously she
as _
th _ ey
,
had
announced
com prehensive
plan s th e su b scrip tio n s so fa r exceeding the th e m ere conspicuous acto rs—the n atio n ’s p a rt of the U nited S tates and Spain to clusions of the can al com m ission _
w hich It w as confidently a ss e rte d w ould call a s to cover It m an y tim es over. p ro foundest g ratitu d e Is due to all of those m eet In H a v a n a and San Ju a n , respective- have held and m ust needs hold In th e dls-
bo efficacious to rem edy th e evils so W hile p referen ce w as given to the sm all­ b rav e men w ho by th eir skill and devo­ ly, for the purpose of a rra n g in g and c a r­ cusslon of th e m a tte r by congress. U n­
deeply affecting o u r own co u n try , so In­ er bids, no single allo tm en t exceeded tion In a few short hours crushed the sea rying o u t th e d etails of the stip u lated der these circum stances, and In view o f
jurious to th e tru e In terests of th e $5000. T his w as a m ost en co u rag in g and pow er of Spain and w ro u g h t a trium ph evacuation of Cuba, P orto Rico and o th er overtures m ade to th e governm ents o f
N icaragua and C osta R ica by o th er p a r­
m other co u n try , as well ns to those of significant resu lt, show ing th e v a st re ­ whoso decisiveness and far-reach in g ef­ Spanish Islands In the W est Indies.
The fifth artic le provided for th e ap ­ ties for a new canal concession predicated
Cuba, and so re p u g n a n t to th e u n iv ersal sources of th e n atio n an d th e d eterm in a­ fects can scarcely be m easured. N or can
tion
o
f
th
e
people
to
uphold
th
eir
coun­
on
the assum ed ap p ro ach in g lapse of the
poin
tm
en
t
of
not
m
ore
th
an
five
com
m
is­
we be unm indful of the achievem ents of
sen tim en t of h u m an ity .
tr y 's honor.
o ur builders, m echanics and a rtisa n s for sioners on each side to m eet a t P a ris not co n tracts of the M aritim e C anal Com pany
D e s t r u c t i o n o f t h e M a in e .
th eir skill In the construction of our w a r­ la te r th a n O ctober 1, an d to proceed to w ith those states, I have n o t hesitated to
P R O G R E S S O F T U B C O N F L IC T .
At th is Juncture, on th e 15th o f F e b ru ­
ships.
th e negotiation an d conclusion of a express my convictions th a t considerations
ary last, occurred th e d estru ctio n of the
W ith th e cata stro p h e of Santiago, tre a ty of peace, su b ject to ratificatio n a c ­ of expediency and In tern atio n al policy, a s
b attle-ship Maine, while rig h tfu lly lying B r i l l i a n t
S e r ie s
of
V ic to r ie s
f o r S p ain ’s effort upon the ocean v irtually
cording to th e respective co n stitu tio n al betw een the several governm ents Inter­
In the h arb o r of H av an a on a m ission of
A m e r ic a a A r m s.
ested In th e co n stru ctio n an d control of
ceased. A spasm odic effort tow ard the form s of the tw o countries.
Intern atio n al co u rtesy an d good will, a
T he sixth and la s t article provides th a t an lnteroceanlc can al by this route re ­
end of Ju n e to send h e r M editerranean
catastro p h e the suspicious n a tu re and
upon
the
signing
of
th
e
protocol,
hostili­
quire tho m ain ten an ce of the s ta tu s quo
It Is not w ith in the province of th is fleet, u nder A dm iral C am ara, to relieve
h o rro r of w hich stirred th e n a tio n ’s h e a rt
M anila w as abandoned, the expedition be­ ties betw een the tw o countries sh all be until th e canal com m ission shall have re ­
profoundly. It Is a strik in g evidence of m essag e to n a rr a te th e h isto ry of the in g recalled a fte r It h ad passed th rough suspended, an d th a t notice to th a t effect ported and th e U nited S tates congress
th e
th e poise and stu rd y good sense d istin ­ e x tra o rd in a ry w a r th a t followed
should be given as soon a s possible by shall have had th e opp o rtu n ity to pass
th e Suez canal.
guishing our natlonul c h a ra c te r th a t th is Spanish d eclaratio n of A pril 21. but a
each g overnm ent to th e com m anders of flna.ly upon th e w hole m a tte r d u ring the
S n r r e n ile r o f S a n tia g o .
shocking blow, fulling upon a generous b rief recital of Its m ore sa lien t featu res
present session w ithout prejudice by re a ­
T he capitulation of Suntlago followed. Its naval forces.
people ulready deeply touched by p re­ Is ap p ro p riate. T he first en co u n ter of the
Im m ediately upon the conclusion of the son of any change In the existing condi­
ceding events In Cuba, did not move them w ar In point of d ate to o k place »April The city w as closely besieged by land, protocol, I Issued the proclam ation of Au­ tions.
to desperate resolve to to le ra te no longer 27, w hen a d etac h m en t o f th e blockading w hile th e en tra n c e of o u r ships Into the g u st 12, suspending hostilities on the p a rt
N evertheless, it a p p ears th a t the gov­
th e existence of a condition of d an g er an d squ ad ro n m ade a reconnolssance In force h a rb o r cu t off all relief on th a t side. A fter of the U nited States. The necessary or­ ern m en t of N icarag u a, as one of Its last
disorder a t o u r doors th a t m ade possible a t M utanzas, shelled the h a rb o r fo rtifica­ a tru ce to allow of the rem oval of the ders to th a t end were at once given by tel­ sovereign a c ts before m erging Its pow ­
such a deed by w hom soever w ro u g h t. tions and dem olished sev eral new w orks n o ncom batants, p ro tracted negotiations egraph. The blockade of the ports of Cu­ ers In those of th e new ly form ed U nited
continued from Ju ly 3 until Ju ly 15, when,
Yet the Instinct of Justice prevailed, and in construction.
under m enace of Im m ediate a ss a "lt, the ba and of S an Ju a n de P orto Rico w as In S tates of C entral A m erica, h as gran ted a n
D e w e y a t M a n ila .
th e nation anxiously aw aited th e resu lt
prelim
in aries of su rre n d e r w ere agreed like m anner raised. On A ugust 18, the optional concession to a n o th e r association
of the search in g Investigation a t once set
T he n ex t en g ag em en t w as destined to
m uster-out of 100,000 volunteers, or as near to become effective on the expiration of
on foot. The finding of th e naval board m a rk a memo ruble epoch In m aritim e w a r­ upon. On the 17th G eneral S h after occu­ th a t num ber as w as found to be p ractica­ th e present g ra n t. It does not a p p ear
of Inquiry established th a t th e o rigin of fare. The Pacific Meet, u n d er Com m o­ pied the city. The ca p itu la tio n em braced ble, w as ordered. On D ecember 1, 101,655 of­ th a t surv ey s have been m ade or w hat
the explosion w as ex tern al by a su b m a­ dore G eorge Dewey, had biin for some the en tire e astern end of C uba. The n u m ­ ficers and men had been m ustered out and ro u te Is proposed u n d er th is concession,
rine mine, and only halted, th ro u g h lack w eeks a t H ong K ong. U pon th e colonial b er of Spanish soldiers surrendered* was discharged from the service; 9002 more will so th a t an exam ination of th s feasibility
of positive testim ony, to fix th e response p ro clam atio n o f n e u tra lity being Issued 22,000, all of whom were subsequently con­ be m ustered out by the 10th of th e m onth; of Its plans is necessarily not em braced
to Spain a t the charge of the also a corresponding num ber of generals
blltty of Its auth o rsh ip .
an d th e cu sto m ary 21 h o u rs' notice being veyed
In the report of the canal com m ission.
nited S tates. The sto ry of th is success­
given, it rep aired to MIrs bay, n ear Hong U
and general staff officers have been hon- All these circum stances su g g est the ur.
ful
cam
p
aign
Is
told
In
th
e
rep
o
rt
of
the
Kong, w hence 11 proceeded to th e P h ilip ­ se c re ta ry of w a r w hich will be laid be­ j orably discharged from the service.
geney of som e definite action by congress
I’H B I'A II A TK IN S F O R W A R .
The m ilitary com m issions to superintend a t this session If the labors of the past
pine lslunds u n d er teleg rap h ic o rd ers to fore you.
■
the
evacuation
of
Cuba,
P
orto
Rico
and
C o n g r e » ' A p p r o p r i a tio n o f F i f t y M il. cap tu ro o r d estro y th e form idable S pan­
are to be utilized and th e linking of the
I n v a a lo a o f P o r to I llc o .
I the ad jac en t Islands were forthw ith ap- A tlan tic and Pacific oceans by a p ractical
ish Meet th en assem bled a t M anila. At
lio n s f o r N a tio n a l D efen se.
W ith the fall of S antiago, the occupa­ j pointed:
d a y b reak on M ay I th e A m erican force
w a te rw a y Is to be realized. T h at the
F o r C uba—M ajor-G eneral
Jam es
F.
en tered M anila bay, and a fte r a few h o u rs' tion of P o rto R ico becam e th e next s t r a t ­
All those th in g s carried conviction to en g ag em en t effected th e to tal destru ctio n egic necessity. G eneral Miles had p re­ W ade, R ear-A dm iral W illiam T. Sampson, con stru ctio n of such a m aritim e highw ay
Is
now' m ore th a n ever indispensable to
the m ost thou g h tfu l, even before the of the Spanish fieet, co n sistin g of 10 w a r­
been assigned to organize an ex­ M ajor-G eneral M atthew C, Butler.
th a t In tim ate and ready Intercom m uni­
finding of the n av al court, th a t a crisis sh ip s und a tra n sp o rt, besides cap tu rin g viously
F or P orto Rico— M ajor-G eneral Jo h n C. cation betw een our eastern and w estern
pedition fo r th a t purpose. F o rtu n ately ,
In o u r relations w ith Spain and to w ard th e naval sta tio n and fo rts a t C avite, th u s ho w as alread y a t S antiago, w here he had Rrooke,
R ear-A dm iral Winfield Scott seaboards dem anded by the an n ex atio n
Cuba w as a t hand. 9c stro n g w as this a n n ih ila tin g the Spanish n av al pow er In arriv ed on the 11th of July w ith reinforce­ Schley, B rigadier-G eneral W. Gordon.
of th e H aw aiian Islands and th e prospec­
belief th a t It needed but a brief execu­ th e Pacific ocean and com pletely c o n tro l­ m en ts fo r G eneral S h a fte r's arm y. W ith
They soon a fterw ard s m et the Spanish tive expansion of our Influence and com ­
tive suggestion to congress to receive Im­ ling th e bay of M anila, w ith th e ab ility th ese troops, consisting o f 3415 In fan try comm issioners at H a v a n a and San J u a n , m
erce to the Pacific, and th a t o u r n a tio n al
m ediate an sw er to th e d u ty of m aking to ta k e th e city a t will. N ot u Ute w as an d artillery , tw o com panies of engineers respectively. The P orto Rico Joint com m is­
now m ore im peratively th a n ever
In stant provision for the possible and p er­ lost on o ur ships, the wounded n u m b er­ an d one com pany of the sig n al corps, Gen- sion speedily accom plished Its task , and policy
calls
for Its control by th is governm ent,
haps speedily probable em ergency of w ar, ing only seven, w hile n o t a vessel w a , oral Mlles left G u an tan am o Ju ly 21,’ hav- 1 by Oc' ‘ber 18 the evacuation of the Island
are
propositions
w hich I doubt not con­
an d the rem ark ab le, alm o st unique, spec­ m ate ria lly Injured.
For
th is g allan t lng nine tra n s p o rts convoyed by the fleet wae completed. The U nited S tates flag
will duly appreciate and w isely a c t
tacle w as presented of a unanim ous vote achiev em en t congress, upon m y recom ­ u n d er C aptain H igginson, w ith th e M as­ w as raised over th e Island a t noon th a t ' gress
upon.
of both houses on the 9th of M arch a p ­ m endation, fitly bestow ed upon th e acto rs sa c h u s e tts (flagship), Dixie, G loucester, day. Tho adm inistration of Its affairs has
T r a d e R e la tio n * W ith F r a n c e a n d
p ro p riatin g $60,000,000 "fo r th e natlonul de­ p referm en t and su b s ta n tia l rew ard .
been
provisionally
Intrusted
to
a
m
ilitary
!
Colum bia and Yale, the tw o la tte r c a rr y ­
G erm any.
fense anil for each and every purpose con­
governor
until
congress
ehall
otherw
ise
■
ing troops. T ho expedition landed a t
No D lv lt lr d » I c tn r y .
The com m ercial a rra n g e m e n ts m ade
provide.
Tho
Cuban
Joint
high
comm
is-
!
nected therew ith, to be expended a t th e
Only reluctance to cau se needless Ions G uanica. Ju ly 25. w hich p o rt w as entered slon has not yet term in ated Its labors. Ow- w ith F ra n c e on M ay 28, 1898, under the
discretion of th e president."
w ith little opposition. H ere th e fleet w as
T h a t thin act of provision cam e none of life and property prevented the early Joined by the A nnapolis an d W asp, while lng to the difficulties in th e way of rem ov- PI ° ? l - lons of Bectll n ’ • of th e tariff
storm
ing
and
cap
tu
re
of
the
city,
and
lnsr the lnrK’p niimhpp nf 3nanieh irnnru.
1897, w ent Into effect
efTe on Ju n e 1 follow ­
too soon w as disclosed when th e ap p lica­
th e P u rita n and A m phitrite w ent to San lng the large num ber of Spanish troops ing. It has relieved a portion of our ex ­
tion of the fund was u ndertaken. O ur th erew ith th e absolute m ilitary occupation I Ju a n and Joined tho New O rleans, w hich , still In Cuba, the evacuation cannot be port
trad e from serious em b arrassm en t.
T ho Insurgents, ;
completed before the 1st of Jan u ary next.
p o rts were practically undefended; our o f th e whole group.
F u rth e r negotiations a re now pending
m eanw hile, had resum ed th e active hos- ! w as engage.! In blockading th a t port. Tho
T h e P e n c e C o m m is s io n .
n av y needed large provision for Increased ttlltlee suspended by the uncom pleted | m ajo r-g en eral com m anding w as subse-
under
section 4 of the sam e act, wdth a
P u rsu a n t to th e fifth article of the pro­
am m u n itio n and supplies, und even num ­ tru ce of December, 1897. T h eir forces lit- I q u en tly reinforced by G eneral S chw ann's
view to th e Increase of tra d e betw een
bers to cope w ith any sudden a tta c k from vested Manila on the no rth ern and east- | ' brigade o f th e T hird arm y corps, by G en­ tocol, I appointed W illiam R. Day, lately th e tw o countries to th e ir m u tu al a d ­
»he navy of Spain, w hich com prised mod- c m able, but were constrained by Admiral I eral W ilson w ith a p a rt of his division, secretary of s ta te ; C ushm an K. Davis, v an tag e. N egotiations w ith o th er govern­
W illiam P. F rye and George G ray, senators
' yP*
C° n " ' ,H' w' y «">’ « ‘‘n cral M erritt from attem p t- an d also by G eneral Brooke, w ith a p a rt of the U nited State«, a n i W hitelaw Reid, m ents. In p a rt Interrupted by the w ar
° i “ ,ln y also re- | ng ftn assault. It w as fitting th a t w h at- of his corps, num bering In all 16.973 officers to be peace com m issioners on the p a rt of w ith Spain, a re In progress u n d er both
qu lred en larg em en t of men and m uni ! ever w as to be done In th e w ay of de- , and men. On Ju ly 27 ho entered Ponce,
Proceeding In due sections of the tariff act. I hope to be
lions. T he d etails of the h u rried p rep a­ olalve operations In th at q u a rte r should he ' on« of th e m ost Im portant points In the the United S tates.
ab le to announce som e of th e re su lts of
ra tio n s for the decided contingency la told accom plished by the stro n g arm of the | Island, from w hich he th e re a fte r directed season to P aris, they there m et. on the th ese n egotiations d u rin g the present ses­
1st
of
O
ctober,
five
com
m
issioners
sim
­
In th e rep o rts of th e se c retaries of w ar i United State* alone.
o p eratio n s fo r the c a p tu re o f the Island.
ilarly appointed on the p a rt of Spain. Tho sion of congress.
an d of th e navy, and need no t be repeated
Obeying the atern precept of war, which ! As a p o tent Influence to w a rd peace, tho n egotiations have made hopeful progress,
here.
enjoins the overcom ing of the adversary outcom e of the P o rto R lean expedition so th a t I tru s t soon to be able to lay a
A N N E X A T IO N O F H A W A I I .
It ta sufficient to say th a t th e o u tb reak and the extinction of hl* pow er w herever Is due to those w ho p articip ated In It.
definite tre a ty of peace before the senate,
of w ar, when It did come, found o u r n a ­ assailable an the speedy and aure m eans
l .a * t B a t t l e o f t h e W a r .
w ith a review of the steps leading to its E x i s t i n g I -a w * In F o r c e P e n d i n g A c ­
tion not u n p rep ared to m eet th e conflict, to win a peace, divided victory w as not I T he la s t scene of the w a r w as enacted signature.
tio n b y C o n g r e s s.
n o r w as the apprehension of com ing strife perm issible, for no partitio n of th e rig h ts ' a t M anila. Its s ta rtin g place. On A ugust
and
responsibilities
attending
the
enforce,
confined to o u r own country. It wua felt
O CR F O R E IG N R E L A T IO N S .
15. a fte r a b rief assau lt upon the w orks
P ending th e consideration by th e aenate
by th e co n tin en tal powers, which, on A pril nient o f a Jo»t and ad v an tag eo u s peace by th e land forces. In w hich the squadron
of the tre a ty signed Ju n e 16. 1897, by the
$, th ro u g h th e ir am bassador* and envoy*, could be th o u g h t of.
assisted , the capital su rren d ered uncondi­ A s id e F r o m S p a in W e H a v e H a d N o plenipotentiaries of the U nited S tates and
Following the adoption of a com prehen­ tionally. The casu alties w ere co m p ara­
ad d ressed to th e executive an expression
S e r lo u * D i f f e r e n c e * W i t h O t h e r
of the republic o f H aw aii, providing fo r
of hoj>e th a t h u m an ity and m oderation sive schem e of general a tta c k , pow erful tiv ely few. By th is conquest of th e Phil- i
N a t io n * .
the an n ex atio n of th e Island, a Joint reso­
m ig h t m ark (he coulee of thia g o v ern ­ forces were assem bled a t various points On ippino islands.
v irtu a lly accom plished
lution
to accom plish the sam e purpose by
m en t and people, an d th a t fu rth e r nego­ o u r coast to Invade Cuba and Porto Rico, f w hen the S panish cap acity fo r resistance
W ith the exception of the ru p tu re w ith
tia tio n s w ould lead to an a tte m p t, which, Meanwhile, naval d em onstrations w ire w as destroyed by A dm iral D ew ey’s vic­ Spain, the intercourse of the U nited State* accepting the offered cession and incor­
May 11 to ry of the first of May. th s resu lt of the w ith the g re a t fam ily of nations h as been p o ratin g the ceded te rrito ry Into th e
w hile secu rin g th e m aintenance of peaca* m ade at several exposed points.
w ould affirm all neceoaary g u a ra n te e s for th e cru iser W ilm ington and torpedo-boat ’ w ar w as form ally sealed. To G eneral m arked w ith cordiality, and th e close of I nion w as adopted by congress and a p ­
W inslow were unsuccessful In an atte m p t M erritt, his officer! and men. for th e ir u n ­ the eventful year finds most of the Issue* proved Ju ly 7. 1898. I thereupon directed
th e re-e» tab llah m en t of o rd er In Cuba.
to silence th e b atteries a t C ardenas, In com plaining and devoted servtces, fo r th eir th a t neceesarlly arise In the complex rela­ th e U nited S tates steam er P hilad elp h ia
P r o p o s a l o f a n A r m is tic e .
to convey R ear-A dm iral M iller to H ono­
Still an im ated by th e hope of a peace­ M atanzas, Ensign W orth B agley and four g a lla n try In action, th e n atio n Is sincerely tions of sovereign sta te s ad ju sted or pre-
and en tru sted to his hands th is im ­
ful ablution and obeying the dictate* of seam en falling. These grievous fatalities g ratafu l. T h e ir long voyage w as m ade «»ntlng no serious obstacles to a d ju s t­ p lulu
o rta n t legislative a c t to be delivered to
duty, no effort w as relaxed to bring about w ere s’rangeiy enough am ong the very w ith sin g u la r suocees. and the soldierly m ent and honorable solution by amlcabl» th e president of th e republic of H aw aii,
* speedy ending of the Cuban sir ugg la few w hich occurred during o u r naval conduct of th e men. of w hom m any were agreem ent.
w itn w hom the adm iral and th e U nited
operation» lo thia ex trao rd in ary conflict
w ith o u t previous experience In the mlll-
A long-unsettled dispute as to the ex-
e -a.es m inister w ere au th o rized to m ake
Text oí President’s An
nual Address.