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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 14, 1887)
fi . .i7Ij. . s -JK. VOL. XVIII. Jorreonilencf. To Amend dam. Law. State op Oreoon, County of Marion, Doccmbor 31, 1880, To tho Honornblo Logislatlvo Assembly of tho Stato of Oregon : , Tho undcrsignod, citizens of tho Stato of Oregon, respectfully ask your honor ablo body to pass an act declaring all tho wild birds and animals usually de signated as "game," to-wit: Qcoso, brents, ducks, snipe, woodcock, plover, Bandpipors, rail, pheasants, groiiBO, quail (or partridgo), pigeons, oik, deer, hares, rabbits, and all "fur bearing" animals, and fish, to bo tho proporty of tho per- son on whoso premises such birds and animnls and fish may bo found, so long as tlioy romain on such porson's prom ieos. And wo father ask that an act bo passod to protect, at all times and in nil places, tho known useful birds, to-wit : Robins, orioles, larks, bluoblrds, taina- gcrs, grosbcakr, towhee, all tho thrushos, finches, wrens, warblers, swallows, and all insoctivarous birds generally. And wo further ask that tho several County Courts bo empowered to issuo pormits, and to rovoko tho same, to proper persons to tako such birds, their nests and eggs, for scientific purposes only. And your petitioners will over pray, etc. CauM of Hard Times. RosKiiuno, Dec. 28, 1880. Editor Willamette Farmer: I wih to stato caueos of hard times with mo and several others in this vicin ity: First, buying lumber of saw-mill mon to fenco our farms, that Jndgo Deady's Court has decided wo havo to pay for again, with a largo amount of coat, bo cnuso somo of tho timber thoso mill-men cut on a homostcad thoy had not per fected a titlo on. And ono other" oauso : Tho Stato Legislature is soon to meet, and should they pass a law not taxing notes and mortgages would bo another hardship on mo, as I may havo to bor row monoy to pay that lumber bill tho second or third time, according as His Honor, Judgo Deady, may decido. A Lono-Time Subscriber. Downing on Fruit Culture. Pleasant Hiu., Dec. 20, 188G. Editor Willamette Farmer: Will you announco through tho col umns of your paper whoro Downing' works on "Fruit Culturo"can bo obtain ed, and oblige, S. E. Bristow. Note. In reply wo will say that wo can supply this ,work at $ 5.00 per copy, or wo will presont it freo to anyone, i (post paid) who will send us a club of ten now subscribers at $1.60 each, cash with order. Now hero's a grand chance. Editor. For Conilderatlon ot Wool Qroweri. Salem, Jan. 3, 1887. Editor Willamette Farmer: Tho Montana wool growers, remarking upon tho report of Counsel Baker, of Buenos Ayres, on tho wool exports and prospects of the Argontino Republic, say: "For tho reasons hero given, tho de ficit in tho wool clip (of 18SG-7) of tho Argentino Republic, it is predicted, will be upwards of 75,000 bales, or 45,000,000 pounds." American Sheep Breeder and Wool Grower; "The fall clip of Texas will fall 5,000,000 lbs. short," Butler fc Hay, of The Dalles, Oregon, hare marketed in Chicago this season 0,000 head of fine Oregon sheep, which sold at $3.G0 to feeders in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan and Illinois. The amount of wool contained in tho wool fabrics im ported into the United States in 1885 was about 100,000,000 pounds, wbilo the SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 14. 1887. raw wool imported in tho snmo period was 50,000,000 pounds of coarso carpet wool, and 14,000,000 pounds of clothing and combing wool. Thoro is reason to beliovo that had tho tariff tinkoring of 1883 bcon let alono, tho wool growers ot tho United States would havo very nnar ly supplied their homo market by this timo; instead of which tho estimated incroaso in production sinco 1881 is 11,713,217. Weather Report for December, 1888. Eola, Jan. 1, 1887. Editor Willamette Farrow During December, 1880, thcro woro 25 days during which rain foil, and an aggrogato of 0.08 inches of water; thcro woro 4 fair and 2 cloudy duys, othor than which rain foil. Tho mean tempcraturo for tho month was 47.01 dcg. Highest daily mean tempcraturo foi tho month, 5G dcg. on tho 31st. Lowest dally mean temperature for tho month, 40 dcg. on tho 22nd. Menu tempcraturo for tho month at 2 o'clock p. m., 40.30 dcg. Highest tempcraturo for tho month, 59 at 2 p. M. on tho 4th. Lowest temperature for tho month, 87 deg. ot 7 A. m. on tho 7th. Tho prevailing winds for tho month were from tho south during 3 doys, north. 2 days, southwest, 25 day?. During December, 1885, there wero 17 rainy days and (.11 m. water: there woro 2 cloar, 2 fair, and 10 cloudy days. Mean temperature lor tno montn 43.80 deg. Highest daily mean temporaturo for tho month, 52 deg., on tho 23d. Lowest daily mean temperature for tho month 32 dcg. on 12th. T. Fearce. Mora Kind Words. Mr. J. "V. Stewart, of Grant's Pass, Oregon, in a letter to us, dated Dec. 27, 1880, says : ''Enclosed ploaso find pay for tho Farmer. I do not liko to bo without it, and will not if I can got work." Mr. Thos. Barbro, of Doxtcr, Or., an old-timo friend of this paper, in a letter in which ho sont tho pay for tho yoar to como, gives us tho following cheerful words: "I am loth to givo up tho Farmer. I regard it as ono of tho best friends that hosovorcntored my family. Neat, clean, and froo from all trash, it is a welcomo visitor at all times. It has been a fine educator in my family. I havo lottor-writors, whoso proficiency must bo credited to Aunt Hotty'B patienco and dovotion to thoir interests in tho children's column. Well wishes for you and yours." Mr. J. A. Haines, of Eekloy, Curry county, Oregon, in a lottor dated Janu ary 4, 1887, says: "You will boo by your books that I havo takon tho "Wil lamette Farmer since tho first num ber. For a while I resided nt Wilbur, in Douglas county. It is ono of tho very finest places in tho Stato, and ono of tho very best locations for a school. Tho principal of tho Academy is Mr. Edwards, assisted by his sister both teachers of oxperionce; and they havo a fine school. There is not as many students as was oxpoctcd, but uJiat tho school lacks in numbers, Us students mako up in deportment und progress in their studies and morals." Consumption is often only an indirect result of deranged kidneys. "Over two years ago I became a confirmed invalid. My friends all thought I was far gone in Consumption. I was sure the timo had well nigh como when I must leave my helpless little children motherless. With this dreadful fact staring mo in tho faco, I resolved to try Warner's safe cure. My husband tried to dissuade me thinking I was too far gone for anything to help me. But I took it, and in two weeks timo I was liko a new creature ; and in four weeks I waa ablo to resume my household duties" at this writing I am perfectly welL Mrs, E. J, Wow, wife of Rov. Prof. T. Wolf, D. D., editor Lutheran Quarterly, Gettysburg, IV If you writo her encloso a stamp, and sho will tell you the story is true. MIXED FABMIHO AOAIN. It is full timo that tho Pacific North west should produco what it needs, and not send abroad for tho commonost nec essaries of life. Tho old sottlor plows and sows, and tho now sottlos doos tho same. Tho wool clip of tho Columbia region is nearly sixtoon million pounds, but tho fault in regard to sheep is that thrco-fourths or more of tho number wo own run in largo bands. Not that this is a fault, for shoop pay best of all stock, and tho groat bands occupy grazing lands that are too far from transporta tion to bo farmed. Tho stock interest is vory largo and very profitable, and must continue, for thoro are great areas unfit for other uso. Hut ovon in this thcro should bo a chango; agriculture and stock raising should go togothor, and farmers should own shoop to graze tho pasture lands that adjoin them, and do away with groat herds, owned by for eign capital, that steal tho public domain for their groat profit. Tho timo must como, and soon, when theso areas of pas ture shall bo used by pormanont sottlors who shall koop small flocks, and more of thorn. As a consequonco thoy will bo bolter tended, and produco better moat and hotter wool. .Farming East of tho Mountains has too limited production. In tho slnglo item of pork, wo consume immenso sup plies that como from tho cast, which convoys a wrong impression. It looks as it wo could not produco pork, or elso that as a community wo lack good sonso. Thcro is no part of tho United States whoro corn can bo grown any cheaper than in Eastern Oregon and Washing ton. Wo havo recently givon tho oxpor ienco of Mr. James Blalock, ot Gilliam county, who planted corn and instead of a summer fallow, and grow two good crops corn tho first year and whoat tho second with ono plowing six in ches dcop. Hero thoro is 25 bushols of corn to bo had for tho mere cost of planting and gathering, for tho best oxporionco shows that cultivation is unnecessary. Corn, then, should bo made much of, or at loast enough grown to fatton all tho pork need this sido tho Rocky Moun tains. Of courso pigs must ho raised and kept growing, but alfalfa will mako good swino pasture, and rapo seed can bo planted for tho summor growth. Evon if fod on corn continually, hogs can bo grown and fattoncd to compote with pork made in Illinois or Iowa. It is not easy to figure that hogs will cost more hero than in Illinois or othor States, and wo havo n homo market for all that will ba raised. Every farmer should keop shoop to pasture his whoat. Exporicnco shows that it is a good thing for' tho wheat to bo pastured by sheep, and tho good dono to tho growing crops will pay nil the costs. Then tho farmer has his wool money, and tho proceeds of his mutton lambu coming in at tho timo whon ho needs monoy most; that is, when ho is destitute of othor means, in tho Into spring. Harvest is closo at hand, and ho needs an incomo to carry on his sum mor fallows. Of courso ho gets credit at tho store, but tho worst oncmy any hord-working man can encounter is that samo store account. It grows often, until it climbs to tho roof in tho shape of a mortgago, and vory often eats tho wholo farm up. Let us supposo that u farmer grows wheat on his half-section. Ho Bummor fallows, and grows a wheat crop of 100 acres every year. Our plan is to plant corn on the summer fallow, E.ich year he might expect 2,5000 bushols of wheat and 2,500 bushels of corn. There is a market for tho corn, but a hotter and surer market for pork products. The corn crop will fatten and keep this swino until they becomo hams, bacon, and lard. Ho can sell lib swino on foot, or aa dressed meat, and had better do so than mako a poor job of cutting and curing his moat. What wo would liko to impress on tho minds of our subscri bers East of tho Coscados is that thoy havo unsurpassed facilities for growing corn, and corn will mako pork, and either will sell to swoll their income. To fatten pigs, it is advisablo to givo thorn a variety of food. Corn is ofton fed from first to last, and where that is dono, hog cholora prevails tho worst. Tho constant feeding of such rich and solid food is said to causo this discaso among swino. Whon Armour, tho famous moat packer of Chicago, was recently in Port land, ho examined a lot of pigs hanging in n packing Iioubo there, and pro nounced thorn first class meat, and said that this would be n good plnoo for a largo moat packing houeo. Ho said wo ought to produco our own pork products, whorcas his houso sent a million and a half worth of such to this coast. Sup posing that othors send as much more, wo havo tho Pacific Coast importing throe millions worth of meat and lard a year, which could all bo mado in Ore gon. Portland packers actually pay less for their meat than is paid in Chicago, and then wo import our meats. This stato of things is simply intoler able Mr. S. G, Rood tells us ho saw oxcollont corn, of Mammoth Cuba vorl oty, grown three miles oast of Portland, and porfectly cured. Tho man who grow it said it yielded from 50 to 60 buhcls to tho aero thoro, and no doubt it can do woll all over Western Oregon. TAB STATE CAN FOSTER HOME INDUSTRY. It is a plain truth that no country ovor acquired greatness upon tho more production of crops from tho soil. Whilo agriculture is tho mother of all industries, and tho foundation of all prosperity, tho more pursuit of agri culture loaves a pcoplo only at tho threshold of national success. Agri culture alono will not sustain groat cities and build up a world wido com morco. Tho producor stands as tho basis of prosperity, but wo nocd various industries to work up his product into tho difloront "goods, wares and mcr chandiso" society requires. Tho coining Legislature will havo dono woll for tho Stato if at its closo it can show that pormanout industries havo boon fostered by legislation of a healthy kind. Tho Stato can aflbrd to oxpond somo of tho pcoplo's monoy for improvements and buildings nocossary for tho public good, and it can uso con vict labor to develop enterprises that aro important, but which privato capital daro not venture upon. To mako) Ore gon a groat Stato it must havo skilled labor at work to manufacture nearly everything wo uso. Forty days is a short timo to consider tho needs of a groat Stato, and that only onco in two years. So wo need not expoct our legis lators to nocoHipliah all that could ho desired, but something that will on courago homo manufactures is most to bo hoped for. Wo rccontly expressed tho opinion that as certain kinds of labor cannot or do not succeed hero, tho Stato could well afford to uso convict lubor to demonstrate if such labor can bo mado remunerative. Yoars ago wo had tanneries doing good work, but Oalifornin leather mendoliberatcly gavo us a high prico or hidos to 'hid thorn uway from our tanners and then pushed thoir leather into our market at a loss. Thoy aro said to havo sunk $30,000 to break down Oregon tanneries, and no ono now dares to try tho business fear ing tho samo result. Tho Stato, how vor, can mako tho attempt without fear, So wo suggest that convict labor bo used to tan leather and mako boots and shoes, all of which is not now practica ble here, and whonovor it is demonstrated that privato capital can carry on the business thus established, let the State IHWJTIT' NO. 49, soil its plant nnd tako somo other in dustry that needs development. Tho Bamo gamo was played to prevent tho manufacture of twino bore, rind soveral of our citizons who grow nnd rotted flax for tho Albany twino factory lost heavily becauso competition of a ruinous nature broko up tho trado. This shows tho nocd of strong financial backing to all such enterprise Wo boliovo that tho Stato can woll afford to attempt these things with convict labor, and at tho samq timo bo instructing such labor in useful work. It can follow after tho prison term expires and onablo ox-con-viols to load honest livos. Much opposition is mado to tho uso of convict labor in any way, but wo can not beliovo that tho small forco in tho Stnto prison can seriously nfioot tho labor market. It cannot do harm, but good, if such labor is educated to work as wo recommond, to dovolop industries that aro dormant. Statistics show that whoro convicts learn trades thoy soldom return to prison but earn wages and load honest lives. Then it is very im portant to educato theso unfortunates, or criminals, to labor that thoy can fol low and earn an honest living. Tako this matter in all its bearings and all must concedo tho importanco of protecting society against criminals by educating them to honest labor, and bf fostoring important industries by Any and all means within tho power of tho Stato. Tho risk is small nnd tho oxcol lont financial condition ot tho Stato at this timo justifies eomo ofibrt on part of tho Stato for tho public good. Corauuc Mutton. It would bo a good plan if all tho shoop growers in tho country would set tho examplo of eating mutton to tho rest of tho farmors and tho world. For somo reason, wo cannot divino what it is, mut ton is not noarly so popular as it ought to bo. Its digostibllity and nutritious qualities certainly ontltlo it to more con sideration than it meets, As a way of making mutton a more dosirablo meat for uso on tho farm in respect to keop lug it, etc., an oxohango suggests that it Iw corned. Wo havo nnvor eaten any corned mutton, but if it is as good an it is fresh, or ovon approximately bo, it would surely bo a great relief from tho monotony of salted pork or bacon, Tho pnpor referred to Hays : Farmers should tako advantage of tho ehoapuess of sheep, compared with beef cattlo, and buy n small flock ot sheep in good condition to grow into mutton for tho uso of thoir families through tho win tor. Mutton will koop as long fresh as any other kind of moat, and porhups longor, A few shoop can bo kept along to kill as thoy may bo wanted, and thoy will bo growing bettor nil tho timo. An oxcollont plan is to kill und corn, or Bait tho oarcasscs down in u weak brino. A vory fat sheep is best this way, aud corned mutton will bo found to digest well, and hotter thun whon fresh. Tho meat tuny bo packed in a clean barrel, or in stono crocks, and tho brino poured ovor it. Fivo pounds of salt to ono hundred of meat will bo about right in cool weather. Tho blood should In) (lrainod out of tho nocks, and any blmxly portion by soaking it in water lx fore tho meat is packed. Soak ing six hours is hiilllclont. Tho hams may bo Miiokcd and cut up liko dried beef, or thoy can bo boiled. Both ways they aro oxcollont. Tho corned mutton will mako a good chango from sausage or spnro-iibs. A good deal of tho pecul iar mutton tosto is taken out of it when mutton is cornod. If you havo a compact soil, disin tegration is of far more consoquenco than turning over tho furrow. Hence in ail such soils tho furrow should bo sombwhat narrowor than tho plow naturally takes, unless the nlow bo made especially for clay soil. Oregon Kidney Tea cures backache. . taiatfib.
