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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 10, 1886)
WILLAMETTE FAEMEB: SALEM, OREGON, DECEMBER 10 1886 I; ixaed erery Week by the V TKIUIS Of BUHSCIlIPTlOft. On yer, (rotUge pld). In lvnce I tM ttx monthi, (Pote pld), In advance 1 '' bM than li month! will be, per month it, ADVEItSISINO nATES t AOerttiement will be Inserted, providing tn are expectable, t the followlnir Ublo of rat t One Inch of ipace-wr month.. ......... 2.60 anree incneeoi ipacepcr monui w I ne-half column per month. .... laM on column per monvn. sv.w ULSampIe eoplei tent free on application. This Paper for $1.60 a Year A VARIETY TO CHOOSE FROM. Our Pacific Noithwcst contains the greatest variety of cliinato known to any region of tlio samo extent Tho person who conies licro to scttlo cer tainly has a great variety to choose from, and can locate in almost any tem perature and conditions lie prefors, un less ho would like- arctic winter or tropi cal summer. Thoeo varieties of climate wo havo not, and our greatest qualifica tion seems to bo their absence. Tho vig orous manhood of the woild comes from tho temporato zone. It is significant of tho vnhio of such mnnhood that, in case of war, the pcoplo of'tho north havo overrun tho world. California has many attractions and To nllow all to take advantago of our Club KatCB we havo concluded to mako advantages, but our Northern Pacific tno following liberal oner: i All who aro in arroarago and will send us amount due at $2.00 per year up to January 1, 1887, and then add $1.00 additional for tho year 1887. If subscription is paid to January 1, or nftcr, you can avail yourself of this oiler by Bending us $1.50 and wo will givo a full years credit. If a now sub 'scribcr remit only $1.1)0. ffF This oiler expires January 1st, and aflor that dato tho regular prico will bo .$2.00 per year as horoloforo. Remit by Postal Nolo or by Well, Fargo it Co.'h Express Money Order. Wo mean just wlmt wo say and will do it. Don't wait hut act at onco. This Wheat hears an enhanced prico. is wclcomo news to nil our rondcre. Tiik steamboats nro now enabled to nnvigato tho Willamotto without dangor, as tho Into rains have swollen tho rivor considerably. WiM, all our readers who aro in ar- lonrago lor Mibscriplion to this paper plonso respond boforo January 1st? See our extraordinary odor made elsewhere. It hringH tho Farmer within tho reach of nil. In iiih addiiehs to tho Portland Hoard of trade, Senator Dolph showed his ap preciation of tho great valtio of rivor improvements ; that making navigation possiblo to tho upper' waters will bring a groat trade to Portland. His viows aro correct on internal improvements, and tho upper country will develop grandly ns soon as chenpor transportation mnkcH its products moro valuable. Tho great question of our day is cheap transpor tation. This wo must have, ami that r-OOll. A Patron of Hi'MiANimv, of Marion county, was lately at tho Linn County Council of tho Order, and was aston ished to sco threo hundred good grangers asscmblo there. It is fortunately true that Linn county grangers tnko great interest in their cause, and woik for it with grout energy. Tho Grange has ac complished much there, but not moro than othor countios can attain by simi lar harmonious effort. There should bo a dozen livo granges in every county in Oregon and Washington, and by roa-r-onablo co-operation, they could secure benefit" that, added to the social fea tures ami discussion of farming meth ods, will Ihi of great value. An i:viii:nck of tho mild autumn woathor was furnlshod tho othor day at Portland, whero wo saw a limb of rasp berries, many of which were ripe. That is good for Deeomber. Tho weathor, of late, has boon a mixture of rain and Miushino, with somo warm and beauti fully clear days that scorned like spring. Of Into wo have had heavy rains that will ralso the rivers to good boating i-tngo. If wo havo had beautiful weather in Western Oregon, oast of tho moun tains the sunny skies have lccu delight ful. The present rains will extend ovor the whole Pacific Northwest, and bo a great blessing to tho interior, whero tho ground has not yet this boason had a good soaking. Wo notieo that fall-sown wheat looks well nntl grows enough to gio it a good root. Salem has a beautiful bridge that is freo to all, and makes Polk county a nearer neighbor than ever. There is now no tax on Iteing noighlwrly, and the old steam ferry has pulled down its wire- ropo and hnulcd oil' a thing of the past. There is a bridge in process of construction at Portland, but it will not be freo to nil travel. To be sure, it will cost moro than the Salem bridge, but with all tho wealth Portland posses mh they can much better ntVord a free bridgo than Salem can, and have ns much to gain by it. Somo who havo tho misfortune to own property and to pay taxe, protest that, with this bridge to pay for, electric lights ami wntor to buy, Salem will be bankrupt, but others think tho bridgo will incrcaso tnulo and so will, indirectly, pay ita owq coat. I region, tributary to tho Great River of tho West, embracing a groat scopo of territory fivo hundrod miles from tho ocean oast to tho Pocky range, and ns much moro from British Columbia on tho north, to California on tho south, bovch dogreos of latitude, hns variety and w tilth of resources nowhero ex celled. Tho shoro lino of Oregon and Wash ington has Pugct Sound, tho Mediterra nean of tho Pacific, and with Gray's Hnrbor and Shoal Water Day and it sharo in tho Columbia, our northern neighbor has a wealth of commercial advantages that invito tho world's capital tolhcirdovciopnicnt. Tho immonso for ests, tho mines of coal and iron, besides fertile valleys and uplands that will io main when the forosts aro romovod theso constitute resources that aro as iuexhiiiBiablo as thoy aro valuable. ostcrn Oregon hns tho garden spots of tho Pacific in its valloys, that roach from the Columbia south to tho Siskiyou rnngo that divides from California. Tho immense barrier that rises on tho cast of theso valleys holds back tho ocean torn pern turo, and its winds and rains, and while theso do influcneo our inland em pire to some extent, so that it is moder ated and alloviatcd by thoso twico Pa cific inllucnccs, that great mountain wall holds in cheek both the Asian cur rents and Artie frosts, and makes it a delightful region. Hero tho immigrant who seeks a now homo hns opportunity to choose from tho sunny homes of Southern Orogon, tho ocean-tcmiKircd hills and valos of the beautiful Willamotto, or tho vino tangled bottoms and timbered uplands of Western Washington. From 1!) deg. north to -10 deg. south wo havo moun tain sides to reclaim, foothills to plant with homos, and broatl valloys ribbed with hills and forests and threaded by evorgrcen rivers anil menndoring streams. This was Kdcn itsolf when man first looked upon it, nnd now that our civilization has replaced tho wilder- uoss, it is lovelier still. Ascending the Columbia or eroding tho rocky and mountain barrier that holds back Arcturus at one season nnd turns away tho fervor of tho Summor Solstice to let tho ocean fan (is with moist gnles, wo find tho woll-nnmcd Inland Empire Hint differs so greatly, but is so abounding in means of wealth. It lies broad and largo to tho day, nnd wherever its teeming grasses nro plowed under nnd agriculture holds Bvay, thoro is such production as dwarfs tho highest pretensions of othor lauds. From Mr. Buick, latoly returned from his long journey townrds tho Fast and Middle-West as Superintendent and Manager of tho Exhibit Car, wo learn that ho expoets a great Immigration another year ns a consequence of this exhibit. Nowhoro could they compare products or resources to competo with tho country that equipped this car. It was au Oregon exhibit, and did not havo tho advantage of presenting tho products of other parts of our Pacitio north-west, yet it astonished all who saw it. Faets aro stubborn things, and that exhibit car was an exposition a solid fact that could only partially con vey to tho world nnd inadequately dis piny tho wealth of remurces of tho region wo havo tried to convey in words, nnd even Idaho. Wheat nnd heavy products will follow water-courses, always, in preference to making ex pensive land journeys. To mako the Columbia nnd Snake rivers navigable is to open up a region of fertility and extent equal to that alroady dovoloped by transportation, for whon tho rivers aro freo and open, branch railroads will extend from it to ovcry fcrtilo district within easy rench, nnd thus tho output of brand-stuffs from tho Columbia will bo vastly increased. Tho O. R. it N. Co. has nccopted aa its mission to develop all tho Uppor Country and bring its products to mar ket. Somo wiscacro says that wo may expect this company will mako intenso opposition to tho improvement of tho river and removal of obstructions. A broader viow of this mattor shows that this corporation is directly interested in urging on such work. It has stoam boatB nnd barges, and can build moro if needed, and its policy alroady is to con struct branch roads when necessary. So wo may expect tosooit grasp the idea nnd accept tho situation, and givo no chanco for competition. With now branch roadB to reach all farming districts, and a sufficient lino of river stcamors and barges to do tho work, competition will not bo attempted, unless thoy aro extor tionate in terms, and our Legislatures will prevent that if thoy do thoir duty. Whilo tho freighting of bulky products down stream will bo n great trado of itself, tho profits incidental thereto will bo greater still. Opening tho rivers will nlso open and devolop now territory and pcoplo it by tens of thousands. This will incrcaso passenger traffic and car rying of supplies from Portland to tho towns nud ccttlcmcnts thus created, and turn such traffic, or tho greater part, toward Portland, tho torminus of tho O. It. it N. Co.'s system. Oponing thoso rivers will bo a great benefit to tho Pacific Northwest, will in crcaso population by increasing availa ble territory, and while Micro will bo citios on the Sound and n largo con courso there, tho making of tho upper waters navigable will bring on tho'r How nearly all tho surplus products o that region. For purposes of taxation, if nothing more, thooxistoucoof a great metropolis is n bouciit, as by adding largely to our proporty list it dimin ishes tho common burdens. Tho Co lumbia cutranco can bo made a safo and convenient harbor; tho channel from tho ocean to Portlnnd can bo kopt open for deep-sea craft; all tho charges of port nnd hnrbor can bo kept down to fair and rcneonablo rates; then Portland will Iks nearer tho world's commorco than Tacomn by hundreds of miles, and rivors and railroads will mako her tho Queen City and metropolis of a magnifi cent region, to tho bouciit of all her cit izens. oxisting industry. Also manufacture wagons nnd agricultural machinery; start iron works; do something that ordinory capital and labor is afraid to undertake, and push it to success. That will bo doing a great good nnd aid tho dovolopmont of homo resources amaz ingly. Our policy would bo to prove in this way thnt "somo things can be dono as well as others," and when any one, or company, feels confidence enough to buy tho plant and start tho enterprise on their own account, let tho Stato sell out thnt particular plant and toko up some thing else. Thoro nro many articles wo ought to mako at homo, but capital fears to attempt it. Tho Stato is in good financial condition, nnd can afford to risk somo of tho pcoplo's monoy for tho pooplo'a good. But with labor to use, free, it will risk httlo or nothing. This Bchcmo is not chimerical or want ing in solid sense. It Is eminently prac tical, and will lead to tho establishing of homo manufactures on a largo scalo, if proporly oarriod out. Tho Stato Ian guislics for want of prospority in homo enterprises. If tho Stato will ueo tho convict labor it sells for n song to start such enterprises, and provo that thoy can bo successfully carried out, it will not only keep that great intorost, but cducato its convicts to a knowlodgo of skilled labor. A MATTER OF CHURCH AND STATE. OPENINQ OUR WATER-WAYS Tho Farmer was the first journal west of tho Cascades and for a timo tho only one to ndvoeato tho removal or overcoming of obstructions in tho Upper Columbia. Of late, Portland appreci ntes tho fact that hor future is more dependent on making tho upper waters navigable, than on defeating tho com mercial aspirations of tho Sound conn try. Portland only neods to work for tho trade of our region in a dosorving way to possess it, and to havo tho pro duets of tho upper country como down tho Columbia and seek tho ocean this way in proferonco to eroding tho moun tains to tho Sound, it is only necessary to mako tho rivors navigable and so roach Eastern Oregon nnd Washington, EMPL0Y1N0. CONVICT LABOR. Tho near approach of tho legislative session is calling out opposition to tho contract system of employing convict labor, as it is claimed that it destroys thriving industries. It is asserted that tho manufacture of stoves by such labor broko up a manufacturer at Milwaukeo, whoso all was invested, nnd put a stop to two manufactories at Portland, all of whom employed many skilled mechan ics. At first, tho prison factory hired a number of skilled mon.nnd now, having educated long-timers, thoy employ no outsido help. This is, in brief, tho objection, but wo havo always felt that tho Stato should utilizo tho labor of convicts to pay their expenses ; nnd it must bo an mlvnutngo to theso men to havo somo good trado thnt thoy can follow whon their terms expire It is true that vory fow mechan ics becomo criminals. They como, of ten est, from a class thnt grow up without any rospcctablo calling. Quito recently wo read n statemont concerning convicts who return to prison for other crimes. It said that statistics proved that when a man learned n trade in prison, ho sel dom roturned, but followed his trade. Whilo n largo proportion of ordinary criminals return, only a email por cent, of thoso who learn trades go back. If this bo true, it is a strong argument for training convicts to bo mechanics. But, tho question is, may it not bo posiblo for convicts to learn trades that will not interfere with existing enter prises? Wo beliovo it i so, and would urge thnt, ns n measure in favor of tho early development of home-industries, tho Stato shall use its convict labor for this purpose. For instance, tanning can bo carried on, as it was boforo, and leather made. Wo ship our hides to California, and buy back harness and boots and shoes. Let tho Stato manu facture leather and soil to harness-ma kers, and aho manufacture boots and Tho plan of placing tho difTcrout In dian agencies undor tho chnrgo of vnri otis religious denominations, or churches, docs not always work without friction it ecoms. At present tho Catholics have control of Umatilla reservation and at thoir suggestion tho President appoint ed B. Cofi'oy as ngont. Mr. CofToy is n very zealous churchmnn and is nlso a loyal citizen. So when tho priest, who ministers to souls thcro, propounded methods for farming that scorned incon sistent with his official instructions and tho ngont remembered that ho was a sworn oillccr of govcrnmont and did not yield. Tho priest, it is said, broko up the church school and thcro being on thu spot thrco agonts or inspectors who went thoro to get tho Indians to rcccivo land in eovcralty, which tho govcrnmont dosircd, thoy organized a now school with tho ngonta daughter, Mary Coffoy, in chnrgc, nnd nesistnnts choson from among tho most forward pupils. Thoso inspectors all cnuorso Mr. Ceffeys courso nnd ono of them told us in per son that Cofi'oy did much to induco tho Indians to accept tho government plan and that Conrady, tho priest, virtually opposed it henco tho trouble Quito recently, without any chargo of sinning against tno ciiurcn, or of. any summons to them to dofend themselves, rchbishop Gross issued an edict plac ing both Cofi'oy and his daughter undor tho ban of tho church and oxcommuni. eating them from its communion. This act of intolerance is astounding and without precedent in our freo country, and must cause n general nggitntion through tho United Statos. So far as can be gathered, this is dono becauso Cofi'oy as Indian agont has not dono tho bidding of tho church ; becauso ho told tho priest : "I don't caro for Pope, Bish op or Priest in what concerns my duty as agont. It is first ray country, whoso Bworn officer I am; next cornea my church." Wo know from tho Inspectors them selves that all thrco fully sustain Mr Coffey and as fully denounco Conrady, tho priest. They havo in thoir hands sworn atlulavitfl tn provo that this "Father Conrady" has said : "Damn tho Indians! I wish tho black-pox would como and carry them all off." This act of Archbishop Gross carries us back to tho "dark ages" in Europe, and is unworthy of this onlightcd ago nnd freo soil. If ho has boon misled ho should retract. In this ago tho church should stand forth, inviting tho clear light of day and deserve tho respect and confidence of all men. Something New- Under the Eun Mr. Aboil, whoso namo has becomo n household word, is now taking pictures by a now process. Theso pictures aro called bromides," and nro perfection of the art. Mr. Abel! has largo, com modious rooms at 29 Washington street, Labbo block, Portland, and which aro easily reached by elevator. In this way ho gets tho best possiblo light for work. A largo-sized portrait of a child has at tracted much attention in his djsplay. So wo ndviso tho readers of tho Farmer to go to Abell's for Christmas pictures tho most acceptablo and well-timed gift that can bo made for holiday times. Tho"bromido" is a life-size picture. If von intnnil in fjilro nn nnr nlfhr eo head of editorial page, do so at MOUNTAIN SUN AND VALLEY TOO. If wo could stand on any point of tho surrounding foothills that givos a view of tho wholo valley, wo should look down from warm and sunny heights on a sea of mist and fog lying liko great snowy fleeces. Mr. II. W. Tallies a whilo ago took up a claim in tho hills, about three or four miles nbovo Meha ma, and not over thirty milos from Sa- lorn. Ho wont home to spend the Snl- bath, and reports that at his mountain homo tho climato is delightful, and has been all along, savo when thoro wero rainy days. Theso fogi which wo enjoy(?) aro unknown there. Tho sun shino is beautiful, and tho weather warm enough to bo delightful. Tho mist that comes from our streams lie upon tho valloy only. Ho found sunshino for ten .miles of tho way back on Mondav. from his mountain homo to Stayton, and thoro ho plunged into tho Intermi nable fog that shrouds tho lowor valley. Staver & Walker! Magnificent Display Wo aro pleased to call tho attention' of our readers this woek to tho adver tisement of Messrs. Stavor & Walker, which comprises nil implements thnt nro in demand nt this eonson of tho year. Mossrs. Staver it Walker havo built up a very largo trade ronching nil parts of Oregon, Washington Ten, Idaho and northern California. Thoy havo also sold nuito a number of goods in British Columbia, in spito of tho high duty, and recently mado shipment of somo plows, cultivators, etc., 10 AiaSKIl. Their lino of goods comprises tho best implements and vehicles of their class to bo had in tho United States. All machinery handled by thorn has been specially built for this trado is strongly and durably mado woll finishod nnd pnir.ted, and guaranteed cqunl or supe rior to any of its class mado in tho United Statos. Among tho various articles worthy of special mention is thoir celebrated Bis sol Chilled Plows, which aro guaranteed superior in point of construction, finish and work to any other chilled plow in tho world. All farmers usimr theso plows express themselves in the highest terms regarding them, and conccdo that thoy nro all or moro than represented. Another now implomont is tho Hoosier Itunncr Press Drill, whih is a novolty in its way, nnd is far nhend of nil provious ollbrts in tho lino of seeding machinery, it having bcon demonstrated by careful practical tests thnt tho proba bilities of tho gcrmlnntion of seed wheat nro greatly increased by paoking tho earth on tho seed nt timo of drilling, and that, in consequence, tho quantity of 8oed can safely bo reduced one-half or one-third of tho amount usually sown, with full assurauco that tho yield will also bo grently Increased. For full description of tho manner of construc tion nnd operation of this Itunncr Press Drill, nil pnrtics nro invited to send for Staver it Wnlkcr'B handsomely illus trated catalogue, mailed freo on appli cation, which fully sots forth tho great merit and superiority of this Drill ovor any other mndo. With tho ijroth of onr stock interests thcro has arisen n domand for a Fodder Cutter, it having leen demonstrated that the saving by cutting of hay is no less than I10J jwr cenf., or nearly ono ton in, every three. Stavor A Walkor aro gen eral agonts for tho "Ross Ensilago and Fodder Cutters," which aro guaranteed tho best in tho world. Theso machines aro strong, durable, of great capacity nnd aro vory oasy running. They will cut doublo the quantity of any other mnchine sizo for sizo and will do tho work hotter with less power, whilo they aro hotter mado of bettor material run lighter and cut easier. All pnrtics interested in this class of machinery will do woll to writo Stavor & Walker for spocial cataloguo of tho Ross Cuttore, which givo full informa tion on tho subject. Staver it Walker havo just added to thoir lino a full huo of Bob Sleiehs. which havo been specially built for this trado of tho best oak, with 2 by IH bent runners. Tho shoes aro of cast iron with tho bolt holes taporing outwards. All parties in need of such vehicles, will do well to call at their warehouso or agencies and examino tho eamn. In connection with this lino thoy havo added runners to put under snr nc wagon beds, henco if wo havo somo snow this year, all can tako a sleigh ride. Thoy havo also sonio fino sleighs in stock, and aro prepared to supply tho wants of all parties in this line. It is a mattor of satisfaction to noto tho development of our country as evinced by tho increased business of this firm, and thoy nro deserving of much credit for their efforts in furnish ing tho farmers tho best and latest im proved machinery for tho seeding and harvesting of thoir crops, also for tho fair pricon and liberal terms and treat ment which their customers havo been given. It is to their erodit to say that thoy never yet sued any farmer who showed n desiro to meet his honost debts, but on tho contrary have always shown tho utmost consideration anil courtesy to wards those who from unfortunato cir cumstances wero unable to moot their obligations when due. All farmers will find it to their ad vantage to patronize this firm, as thoy will bo assnrred of tho best machinery of its class to bo had, also of courteous and honorable treatment and aiust con sideration of their necessities. Judge Sbattuok has decided that tho shoes. Tauning and manufacture of onco, as wo shall discontinue tho offer management of tho Oiwego Iron "Works booU and shoos will interfero with no' January 1st, This is positive. jis vested in the S. G. Reed party.
