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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 3, 1886)
M 4 WILLAMETTE FAJRMEJR : SALEM, OREGON, DECEMBER, 3 lSfi i' wdT rLia''yii'.'rjur mrAY' ' " -' - irv- isaunl etery Week by the W TKltMB OK SUIlhCKHTIOJt One year, (I'MUite paid). In adi ance t "9 til monthii, (I'ottwfe paid), In adtrancu.. ... 1 im than ali month will be. pir month 25 ADVKI18I8IKO HATES t Aftrtftlanmfnta will be Imu-rtcd. providing In are ttpeetable, at the following Uble ol rate, t One Inch of epace -er month ' X Vsiee Incbea of apacoper montli oo I Be-half column per month lJ- On column per lOontli ... 800 fBample coplce iont free on application. This Paper for $1.50 a Year ! grower 1ms to bo satMlcd if ho produces it crop worth -f l.nin acii', it fruit-grower enn count ou returns 'on or twenty times its grout if ho use judgment in selec tions. Thus one innn will bo well off with 10 to 00 ncres of land, half in fruit and half for othor use" and to grow his bread and feed. One man can tend 20 acres in fruit nnd also raiso what ho artually needs of other thing", and by handling his fruit well can secure lnrgo returns. Tho boat part of Rogue Kiver Valley should bo divided into small fruit farms and nuulo to produco very pros porous returns. All tho soil there is not so suited, and mixed farming will go on largely. There is much more hill land FRUIT QltOWINO. xo. XI. To allow all to tako advantage of our I prnlrlo there, and wo may expect iwncn mo advantages 01 mat, inn lanu I aro fully known it will bo taken and 'cleared and converted into many fruit Club Kales wo havo concluded to makoi tho following liberal oiler : All who aro in arroarngo and will send us amount duo at $2.00 per year up to Janunry 1, 1887, mid then add $I.oO additional for tho year 1887. If subscription Is paid to January 1, or after, you can avail yourself of this oiler by sending us .fl.iiO and wo will give a full years credit. If a now sub scriber remit only $1,150. fJtT This oiler expires January 1st, and aftor that dato tho regular prico will bo $ 2.00 per year as horotoforo. Remit by Postal Nolo or by Wells, Fargo it Co.'s Kxprcsa Money Order. Wo mean just what wo Hay and will do it. Don't wait but aet at oneo. farms. Thero is a pleasuro in studying tho resources of our Stato, and showing what dilTeront sections aro capable of. SOUTH OF THE OAMFOOIAB. Thero is no denying tho fact that tho garden spot of tho Western Valleys lies houlh of tho Willamette; it is a region blessed with wiirmnr suns and less abun dant rains. Whilo this valley possesses great attractions and law an extent far greator than other valleys contain, it is limited in its production by its northern aspect, and occasionally tho winter ruin ronio down with a vehemence that is uncomfortable. Tho Southern valleys especially that of Roguo River aro partakers of tho best qualities and char acteristics belonging to both Oregon and California, having tho rainy season in less excess than tho Willamette Val ley, and enjoying, by its southoru loca tion, tho warm sun that heightens tho fertility of California. Of tho iminliira tion that has como hero by tho overland routo within tho year 188(1, a great pro portion camo with the determination to locale in Southern Oregon, and hun dreds, if not thousands, must huvn been added to tho population of tho counties south of tho CaliM)oia mountains. From tho Coast to tho Cascade range thero lies, through what wo call South ern Oregon, a wide stiotehof territory that Is exceedingly diversified. Along tho coast there is little farming laud, us tho ocean and tho mountains often go side by side. Hut tho mountains are not so heavily limbered as they nro far ther north, and it. Uurry comity nH'ord ousidorabh range. They have an ad vantage by proximity to the sea that is favorable to stock, as wean iulluences temper the winter and ward oil' the oc casional severity that wo feel farther inland and north. What tho future of Unit coast ui'-n will be, wo counot judge, but it has resources of coal, iron wild copper that will bo appreciated in tine time, while its agricultural capacity will bo decided as it becomes gradually understood. Thoo who live hero it iiuartor of it century front now will find a groat part of tho Coast range occupied by mountaineers who know the value of such laud, and tho foothills of both ranges will bo mado valuable and pro ductive. Thero is not much demand for ordinary farming, moio than is necessary for homo use, south of tho t'.tlipooias. The homo demand will keep the farmer at work, for ho must have hay and oats for his own stock ; bread and seed will routine the planting of some wheat and other gutii.. Stock iiusingwill be it great business in the lulls and outskiits of tho 1'inp.nia Val ley. and the Mime in Uoguo Rier, but (here is excellent soil, and locations xiiitablo for much ut tho fruits grown in California, ami time will make fruit growing more prolltublo than gold- milling iu J.ek.-on, Joophcuo and per haps in Dougla". Years ago .hose Ap plegato set out a vineyard at Yoncalla that was abandoned just when it was able to make returns for labor, but it was said to demonstrate tho ability to produce excellent grapes iu tho I'mpipia hills. Of tho hills iu Roguo llivor Val ley there can be no doubt that grapes and poaches and apricots will grow thero in infection. With so much of tho world oast of us ready to purchaso tho fruit of that section, thero can Ik) no (location as to tho future of production there. Fruit growing is a concentration of lalwr on land, for when tho wheat- WINTER CARE OF STOCK. Thero aro many onl-timors who romonibcr that thirty years ago, or less, tho ranges woro open and tho native grasses kept stock alivo through tho winter. Hut now, in nil well settled parts, tho land is generally fenced in, and stock cannot raugo far and wido with safety. Tho truo policy is to keep only good stock that it will pay to euro for, and then provide shelter and food for them during tho winter season. Kvun this leaves us at great udvantago over thoso who live cast of tho Rocky moun tains, becauso thero thoy havo to feed for months, whilo hero it is only for a few weeks. Wo aro supposed to bo im proving our stock and breeding them uii to bettor grades. All such ell'ort will bo useless if wo let thorn bo oxposcil to winter's eoltl nnd snow nnd rain, with instifllcient feci). Look at tho matter iu a practical way, and you will sco that it is truo economy to keep your slock so it will improve and not retrograde. A simple sum iu arithmetic will give you tho worth of animals tolerably cared for, fed and sheltered during tho worst weather, as against thoso neglected and allowed to starve on tho cold and bitter range. Tho rule should bo to keep what you can tako good euro of, only. Your colts will grow and inako hotter, stronger and healthier horses ; your steers will make beef on tho drat spring growth of grass; your lienors will make hotter cows, and your sheop will pay you back when shearing time comes iu heavier and better lleeces. Thero is no economy in starving stock or letting them bo exposed to bad weather. Shelter saves food and secures warmth. It is policy and economy to keep animals that you can allrd to tako care of, and (hen bo sure nnd tako care of them. HOOK TABLE. It 1 . a fltl-l 1 mo .wiiko. i no unit) lor new sun- seriptions is at hand. Wido Awake comes llrst on tho list; it is published by Lathrop & Co., lloston; it is a book for youth, ami it is most brightly illus trated. Tho November number is very excellent. Send for a specimen copy and you aro sure to subscribe. The Century conies us welcome as llowers in May. The best writers in tho Kiist. Mr. Howell's story, "Tho Minis ters Charge," continues, and is ono of the host stoiies that has been written font long time: there is any amount of hu man iiatuie shown iu that minister. The war series are interesting to sonioj we are a little tired of them, but there is enough else to lead. tirammar School. A magazine for young people comes to us called (irani mar School, also two other little maga zines from the same house, intended for very small children. Tho tlrst is a rich treat even for older readers full of good things. Mrs. HubMI's Live Stock is Hue. It is published at JtO Franklin street, lio.-ton. Send nnd get a copy, at least. Harper's Magazine. What would one do without Harper; it is tho magazine for tho people; that it has lived and tlourilud so long indicates the place it holds among all classes. Tho weeklv is chielly an illustrated paper, but has many tlrt clas articles in it. The 11a- zar is devoted to dress and styles ; it is an autocrat among ptiivrs. Tho Hrooklyn Magaziuo is published iu Xew York, Xo. 7 Murray street, at two dollars a year. Tho tlrst or larger portion of tho book is devoted to mis cellaneous pieces, all of solid substantial information, A j wit ion is devoted to sermons from distinguished divines, lloocher and others. It is an entertain ing and interesting lungazino calculated to elovato tho mind. Tort's poisoned wheat is the boss. THE BTBAWBEKIIY. Early in tho spring, when wo have exhausted tho winter supplies and havo only begun to taste tho gtirdon products of another year, tho strawberry comes with its delicate, delicious nnd healthy llavor, tho rarest contribution of kind Nature to allcviato tho wants nnd grati fy tho tastes of man. Nothing that grows on tho face of the earth can com pare with tho oxnuisito tasto of tho strawberry and it is to bo had almost for tho asking. Every farmer should havo u nice bed of them and ho can easily sparo land enough to havosovornl beds of different kinds and can find a market at the nearest town for any sur plus thoy may have. Tho strawberry should be planted oarly in tho spring on ground well pro pared. Somo say plant in the fall but if frost comes and heaves out tho plant you nro ruined for that year and it is safest to plant in early spring. Thero aro old nnd tried varieties that aro proved for exccllonco and also for their ability to stand transportation whilo others nro so tender they cannot bo shipped with Bafoty. If you only wish to pick and cnt thorn you can consult your tasto in selection, but tho safer way is to plant a berry that will find salo if ) on havo any to sparo. Tho old and tried kinds nro Wilson's Albany, Sharplcss, Jocunda and Mon arch of tho West. Thoro aro many now kinds highly spoken of and you can consult your nurseryman or his cata logue as to them. If your neighbor has a bud of good fruit moH likely you can get them of him find bo at no charge. In respect to such matters neighbors should accommodate oncanothcr and exchango favors. In this way thoy could keep up their stock without much expense. IIASlWItltlKS. Herds another early fruit, that comes just as tho strawberry leaves. Wo re- common.! you to sco what your neigh bors havo for if they huvo vines of rasp berry and blackberry thoro will bo moro sprouts than they will care to have so thoy can supply you without loss. If you wish to make a now start and bo sure of choice fruit go to somo nursery man who has the enterprise to adver tise in tho Faumku nnd mako known your wants. Wo tinhciitiitingly say that wo have at this timo n number of advertisers who aro nt tho hoad of thoir profession as nurserymen nnd enn send your orders to them iu perfect confi dence that they aro honest and compe tent. IILACKHKItlllKS. Tho three- varieties best known and commonly grown aro tho l.awton, Kit tatinuy and Kvorgrcen. Of these wo recommend tiro Kittatinuy as bc.-t be causo the l.awton, unless grown under very favorable circumstances is apt to bo seedy and unpalatable, whoreas the Kittatiiiny's seeds aro not so largo and numerous and tho berry is sweet and delicious. Tho Kvergocn is a borry that sends up immenso vines and bears Into, but its fruit is not as good ilavored. Tho Kittatinuy is tho choicest and if grown where it can bo irrigated nnd manured will produco berries of superior quality. noosKiiKitiiiEs and critu.i.vrs. Among gooseberries the Oregon Champion takes a high stand, as it orig inated, I think, with II. W. l'rettyniau and has come to le the standard variety iu all this region. It is largo, does not mold, and is vory hardy as well as ex cellent flavor. Wo havo a row of them grown from cuttings, or trimmings that were thrown uway by somo ono and wo saved them and planted them very late in tho spring, but they grew from these slips mid did well. The currant is a healthy fruit and in disponsiblo to good housekt oping. It is delicious mixed with raspberries and covered with powdered sugar and then just smothered with cream. There are varieties of dillerent colors, red, white and yellow, all large. Tho cherry cur rant is largest and is a healthy plant and good borry. Tho other varieties are perhaps as good, but if you get tho cherry you have it good fruit. You can get other colors from your nurseryman. They look finely when mixed in a glass dish and you can allbrd room for them in your garden if yoiMvill he.tr to what wife ami family say. In conclusion we will say that these small fruits commence to bear in May or Juno early ami continue until fall brings other fruits to uso for sauce. If you have theso fruits and take good care of them to make them produce, you enjoy a great luxury and means of health. Host thugs nt lowest prices nt Tort's drug store, 100 State street. EAST OF THE CASCADES. When the Farmer was young in tho newspaper age, tho Willamette valley was Oregon nii'l tho region east of tho mountains was considered unfit for cul tivation and only used for a stock range. Gradually and slowly the truth dawned upon tho public mind, and littlo by little it appreciated tho fact that, tho world over, no better farming land could bo found than was open to location in tho upper country. First, tho region south of Snako fiver, beirinnint: nt Wnlla Walla, was taken up as farming lands ; then tho Palouse country was partinlly settled. The beautiful and fertile lands of I'matillii county came in turn, and after a while settlement followed tho building of tho Northern Pacific rail road into tho Spokano country. Last of, all it was discovered that tho slock inter est monopolized a magnificent stretch of fcrtilo land south of tho Columbia, in Wasco county, and now good crops aro grown in tho arid district stretching from Dalles City to tho Umatilla river. To bo Hiiro it is arid, and so is n great portion of that eastern territory, but timo has demonstrated that water is at tainable, and that its not appearing on tho surface is not a proof of worthless soil. When traveling thnt country dining its period of earliest ovolution, when wo supposed that wo possessed somo correct idea of its resources, wo havo been always and unfailingly nstoniihed to seo everywhere good soil nnd plenteous production. Kvory portion of Fnstcrn Oregon and Washington possesses a largo proportion of good farming land, nnd after visiting in tho spring what then seemed thooutskirtsof settlement, wo havo returned in tho fall to find set tlors iu every vacant section nnd prac tical farmers displacing tho onco arro gant stockman. Thoro was no limit to good farming soil unless you reached somo mountain barrier. Wo do not say that all thoprairio and upland was good for farming, for thero is scab-land and gravelly spots whero production is irn- possibl", but among theso aro' found rich alluvial districts. It will bo no exag geration to claim thnt two-thirds of tho whole cartorn nrca, not mountuinous, is fit for agriculture, and tho greater pnrt of it can bo so used without resorting to irrigation. It is a peculiarity of each locality, as has been demonstrated by chemical tests in tho Oovcrnmont labo ratories at Washington, that tho driest soils are naturally adapted to resist drouth. This was proved by tho exami nation of samples of soil taken from tho mouth of Snako rivor, extonding from tho base of the Ccotir d'Alono mountains, in Idaho, to tho Columbia river, and including tho worst of the seeming desert between Ainoworth nnd Ritzville. Experiments at farming mado along tho Columbia show that tho sandy and sage-brush stretch is capable of pro ducing most delicious fruits, vegetables and melons. Another generation, ac cording to Philip Ritz, may sco theso sandy and sage-brush areas of desert and drouth converted into productive gardens and orchards. Wo look to sco tho immense bonis and droves of cattlo and horses ami (locks of sheep that havo monopolized these districts in tho past, givo way to agriculturo and be replaced by practical farmers who will have a splendid op portunity to also leconio stock mon to utilize tho range adjacent to their farm ing lands. That will be a happy solu tion of tho question and will draw from that legion its greatest capacity for va ried production. The valuo of all that eastern country is but partially under stood, even by its owners. They do lit tle besides skin tho soil to grow wheat or barley whereas it will produco fruits J nnd vegetables equally well. Tho fruit demand is growing as tho mining re-; gions of Montana, Wyoming and Col orado grow, and also rich mining ground opens up much nearor homo. ' All the valleys of tho rivers oiler the finest opportunity to grow grapes, ' loaches, iiprieots, ncctnrines, etc. Near I.ewiston and near there, at Alpowai. and Almoin, wo have seen as luxuriant , orchards as tho world owns and they ' grow there tho finest grapes grown in ' California. Fruit growing is a beautiful and at tractive occupation but &T. v-- the word of some reliable stock men that the native grasses Improve and car ry nmro stock now than at first. Tho demand for pasture grnss comes oftenest in tine shaps: Is thero not some grass that wo can sow that will produce more feed than tho bunchrasses give? Of course thero is much to Jenrn and much to do to thoroughly dovelope that whole region Fast of the Caecades, and no great improvement of the pastures can bo mndo until tho land is owned in smaller parcels nnd fenced. Then its owners will do their best to iraprove it. 4Ai, ca,w" fi rs' urns, Iruises, (uts, rosi-DnL9 nnfiroynjikc Js'tid beJtiKwty for sutt "troubles. "rfafacx boffe Ixomd. You will -find. iTuscut. fill dm$?isTs sill it. MESSAGE KltOM SANTA GLAUS! Anyone who Wants lo Pnicltaso n Iiristsnius i.'t, no mat ter whether an KLAI.OIUTE article or a mere TItIFMvt can make the host selection ami get the most favorable terms l.v looking through John G. Wright's Complete Stok of Holiday .ools, consist I nj- of an End less variety of tJT IKx'oraUil Cu , Sauctif , Va.c, China 'Jtti, riateU Ware, Olaiaaarc, Uani-lni; ami Stand Lampi, Dolli, Doll Waif'tn, llo)t Waxmiii, am liundredi of attraction too numtroiH to mention. UK WILL LOOK KOH YOt UK WILL MAKK YOl' WCI.COUK. SANTA CLAUS. V.'7 anJ Commercial 8'r.tet, SaWra, Orriron. EF1 HHHHmET I II PI ljl (a m G II afla 1 ' ifelSr jpEJffl IhjLFj1 1 ig22Si Dr. llriilrj". lil.iiMrr). It In becnoter wre f rar tinre a dUcortry 11 W the comiounrf ( I)r Heal jTtl'tUrv, Beef nj Iron, tut len made The ooii.lituent idru are daily tiled b the leading rth aiciana tf Kurntan.f im.HM needs ortlinarv ''' ,hflr prcticj. ho ncotmlie Inceltrj the beit oer- CltrO and skill, that Can bo acquired bv l.-oritln.-, while the Iron a tonic for the blood and iv. ivi iV ! i 14 ntuvi) -i?ri firmer luuuiu ktp on h.nJi It I lnaluillc (or uiiny dUei.ti, 111 1ii..tij ..!! - HIU)lll fVtl It. SEEDS LONG ISLAND SEEDS AUK TIIK 1 EH l BEST. somo reading nnd somo observation. Its reward are tisiinlly much greater than any returns to be expected from ordinary farming. t omit mintlr... ... (I.ol I'.,.,.,. '.... " b '"" '' ""' WHOLESALE TRICK LInTS KOIl THE TRADE try is this: What grasses should wo 0xk?,r,,K'K7,.,?P'",l,,,,,ot , grow for meadow nnd pastures? Thero are districts where oats will not mako a NOTI CE. good ciopj some whero timothy will not , ,ONKV TO ...J-Th. frm o,. ,-,. .. ----- - - - -- - - thrive ; tlrero is a prevailing belief tliat'l'X Thouund Poiur to loan i.-od Marion ., , , mi i . . . 1 county fan aeruriiy. Enquire of the undcnlfned or the bunch grnss will In) eaten and trod- iuorv & Bingham, at saiem. den out. As to tho pasture, we havo ' rc trd. isa iimj -. tC33CSW:5
