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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 12, 1886)
WILLAtotfTifi; ttAftMERi SALEM, OltEGON. NOVEiMBER 12 ISKG i 1 1 i - imum rcry Week bjr the WILLAMETTE FAHMKIt PI'nl.mUMI CO. 1KIIMB OK HUBSCKIlTIOJl. On year, (Portage paid), la dvmnc .00 Mi month, (Portaaa paid), la advance.. M Lata Uun the months ulll b, per month 25 ADVEU8I8INO RATES I Aim ttumenU will b inierted, providing tn art atpactabla. at tha following table ol rate t Ont Inch of apace "t month I 5-J ChrMlncbMol apace ptr month 00 I B-hal( column par month Joo Oa oolamn per month 0.oo MLflample coplee tent free on application. this paper;; matubwjusdos FII.KAT i:0. 1. ItUlVKIiTi fc CO'H newtpaper AdvrrtltliiR Bnrem (10 HritUCB hTltKKT), WIIKIIK Al- tlCUf VnDlf SKM NEW I UllK. salt it down nil theso things nro oasy onougb learned unil if practiced will niako a great difference in tho nnnual income. A question of tasto outers into all branches of business. Products not placed boforo tho world in n way to ploano popular tasto will not command tho prico that othors will that satisfy tho customer's fancy. You may think that Bitch ideas aro foolish, but the foolishness is in tbo man who assorts his own opinion against that of his cus tomers, and loses money by so doing. If you can niako money by gratifying popular ideas of tasto, it is simply your duty to do so. Then you must loam how to prepare your products to suit tho best market. Pork products aro broucht hero from 1 LYl"" Ndw.Vmi'iJr aiTJ'it. I v,,c Wst ' 'arK quantity and money acres, whon othors raised 12 to 10 lllr n firn '" on nt In riilladrtphla HIS PAPER?."'" ?L'p"K'AilT."- . WTAVRR SON. our autliurlicU mjont growing going on bore for' generations to comn, because our virgin soils produco wheat to compare with the highest cul tivation known in Europe. But ns soils aro worn they aro turned to otbtr and safer uses. Tho groat bulk of wheat lands along tbo northern tier of tho United States can produco wheat to compete with all tho world, but farm ing must seek tho best methods and mako monoy by producing heavier crops as tho result of better work. It is timo wo learned tho valuo of deop plow ing and practicod it. Wo bavo alluded in alato issue to wheat crops grown this year in Gilliam county. Tho season of 1880 was uncommonly dry and un favorable to farming, but ono gentleman harvestod 21 bushels to the aero on 320 FRUIT GROWING. goes out of Oregon to pay for them 'bushels. Ho mado tho plow go down flUIPiPnAl"1,'cno',uln aJertl;lnif ile LnluAUU of l,lK .t THOMAS, i Randolph CINCINATTI.dmtl.cr. can call at VJn 'treat, anil get citlmatet. Qurarftntarc I'AIlelNh MOISS. FISHER : SAN FRANCISCO Will quota farorable r.te.-'il Mercbante Kxchatije. TANYONK KKCKIVING A COPY OF THIS PAPKR WILL CONSIDKit IT AN INVITATION TO SUI1SCRIHK. OOVEKNOR'8 PROCLAMATION. Hon. Z. F. Moody, Governor of tho Stato has issued tbo following Thanks giving Proclamation, dated Nov. I), 1880. In nccordanco with a custom cstnb lished by our forcfathors of sotting apart ono day in tho year In romem brancoof tho blessings vouchsafed by tho Divlno Itulor, and in conformity with tbo recommendation of tho presi dent of the United Stato, I beroby dosignato Thursday, November 25th, 1880, as a day of prniso nml thanks giving, and recommend that upon that day tho people of tho Ktnfo desist from thoir usual avocations, and repair to their respective places of worship and givo thanks to tbo Kuler of tho Universo for the blessings of tho past. I would f urtlior recommend, ns a fitting observ ance of the day, that out of our nbund anco wo remember tho poor and dosti lulo nmoni! us. and that by deeds of morcy and charity wo nmkn it an occn hion of comfort and happiness to them. Witnosi my hand and the great seal of the Stnto of Oregon hereto attached this Mb day of Novombor, A. 1). 1880. OPFBR WITHDRAWN. After the next issue wo shall with draw tho oiler mado on our 8th pago, (in tho advertising columns) in which wo offer either u knife or a pair of scis sors to anyono who sends us $!l for their own renewal and tho namo of ono new uubsorilwr for a year. We find wo can not afford to do it. We shall send the knives to all thoso whose letters of ro- niUtaiKos shall bavo reached us boforo the time specified nbovo, Novombor 20, Conscuuontly, niter ISovomucr -v wo will discontinue our oiler. MAKINO FORK FOR PROFIT Whon traveling of Into we mot with W. U. Kirk, of llrownsville, ami ho told of his experience with fattening hogs. Taking (he value of the stock animals and the eniiio cost of feeding them to average two hundred pounds each, they had cost him four cents a pound, net weight, which Included every Item of expense, with rent of land that raised thoir feed and tho cost of pioducing same. This cstimato only covers what pork sells for nt this time, say four cents per pound, but in it he had made wages for his time and rent for land cropped, ho it was a living price. Hut tho chlof item of exponm was barley chop that ho had really fattened them on, instead of feeding loilcd potatoes, Ho says potatoes will fatten them as well as barley, but this year the potato crop was so light that he couldn't fatten them that way, so umh! his barley. Four cents is hardly enough for good pork, but Mr. Kiik was earning wages for himself and for his land, and pay for bis stock pigs, lie will baeou his meat himself and will realize more than that for tho product. It is important that wo make in Oregon all the pork and lard we need for home use. Tho farmer does not always euro his meat well, and in many eases j-ends his bacon and hams to maiket in such voor shape, and looking so bad in color, that he cannot get what good meats, well cured, com maud. It Hhonld bo it practical part of every farmer's education to know how to cut up meat and how to cure it in the best way. The great packing houses sae everything that can possibly have value and there have an advantage over the men who kill only a few. To know how to cut up mo.it in marketable slut') and what sort of wood docs best for tmioking, how to sugar-cure, and how to that should bo retained nt homo. Tlicro nro a few mon boro who do a com paratively small business at curing meats, but there is no extension pack ing liouso this siuo tho Kooky moun tains. If wo had such a house, thnt would purchaso pork nt n fair prico and niako it an objoct for us to raiso pigs and fatten tliorn, so wo could depend on receiving nt least as much hero ns packers pay in Chicago. Our country could soon develop a regular business that would amount to a handnomo ad dition to farmer's incomes. Mr. Kirk fattened -10 hogs that woighed over 200 lbs each. To do this ho sowed six acres with pens and wheat, nt a cost of Jfl per ncre, $21; bo had ton acres of com thnt cost him $;J5 ; 200 bushels barley chop thnt cost $75; cooked vegotnblcs $10; rent of 17 ncrcs of land $1 .f (58 ; lnbor ono month, fcoding, $20. which mndo n total of $21)3. This is about $0 n hog, or thrco conts per pound for tho moat. Tho hogs tliomsclvcs, beforo fattening, were worth $2 each, which mnkes tho cost of tho pork when fattened four conts. Within n wock wo bavo been Kast of tho Mountains, in Gilliam county, and met with Mr. James Dlalock, who has farmed tboro for live years. In 1835 ho had a crop of corn put in as a summer fallow. Ho had raised n crop of whont on .120 ncrcs of sod and plowed tho ground deep tho noxt yenr (nt least six inches), harrowed and rolled it, ns if for n summer fallow, and planted corn. When this was ripo ho sold it for n prico that after making good wages for haul ing it, left him $0.50 an aero for tho corn in tho shock. All bo was out was tho prico of seed, planting and cutting, that was not over a dollar an aero. This left him $5,50 profit for an aero of land that bo summer fallowed, for tho corn crop acted as it fallow and was not cultivated. It yieldod, as they thought, bushels to tho aero. Now if farm- el's r.ast oi mo .Mountains cm grow corn instead of a summer fallow, and bavo 25 bushels to the acre at a cost not to exceed a tloll.tr becauso tho fod der saved will Im) worth what it will cost to save tho corn. Why cannot thoy grow corn and make pork? Mr. Dlalock, in this tho driest year ever known, with this corn crop for his summer fallow, raited a crop of wheat that for !I20 news averaged 21 busholsof No. 1 wheat. We give this as a sample of what can be dono by judicious farm ing Knst of tho Cascades. Cortainly this State and Washington should mako all tho pork products wo can use. THC FUTURE OF FARMINQ. Transformations ate not easily effect ed, and farming in Oregon and all this region north of California is undergoing a change from the primitivo methods that called wheat and wool their great staples, nml nlmn&t tho only product, to meet tho chancing times and varying demands of the present time. Suddenly, the increased area of wheat lauds in India ami tho far west of America, mado available by railroad construction and reduced to cultivation, earned as ovor supply of brendstutls and a reduction in prce of at least 113 per cent. Our profit as wheat-growers was reduced to a minimum, barely defraying the cost of subsistence permitting any expense nbovo that poor recompense. True, that till otbor values have sen sibly decreased, and wages are not at high pressure, but n day's enrning'a will buy the l.Uxuer more in proportion to his wages than a farmer received for his products', especially for his breadstuff. It i evident, then, that some clmugo is necessary to restore tho equilibrium of value and place tho farmer on a par with tho working world. Ho must work out this problem for himself, for no ono can do It for him. Thinking ami prac tical mon are already placing themselves on a. safer basis and becomiug more in dependent in means, because no longer dependent on stapled that nro without consistent value. Them will be wheat six inches in tho spring of 1885, grew a good and profitnblo corn crop that year, sowed seed wheat on tho corn stubble, and from thnt ono deep plowing mndo two fair crops. East of tbo Cascades they find thnt they bavo other resources than mero whent culture Thoy enn gcnorally rniso 25 bushels of corn on a summer fallow, nnd it commanded last yoar 70 cents a bushel from tho Portland cus toms mills. Thoy can mako pork to a hotter ndvnntnge than wo can, and should and must do it largely. Thoy aro now growiug moro barley, for tho brewers of tho Wost bavo found out that Oregon barloy is equal to tho best nnd suporior to tho most. This gives thorn thrco rcliablo grain crops. Then thoy aro learning thnt in many localities thoy can produco fruit to good advan tage, and aro planting orchards. This will bo n growing businoss nnd will givo them better returns than anything clso thoy cm attempt. In somo parts thoy grow hops well, nnd their vogctnblo gar dens nro equal to any on tho coast. East ern Oregon nnd Washington aro begin ning to find out that their destiny is something moro thnn to plow nnd sow and harvest wheat that gives no profit. Abovo all they nro stock-raisers, anil 11 nd n mint of monoy in that. Hero in Wcstorn Oregon wo nro leav ing tho worn-out ruts, planting now or chards, importing good stock, studying ways and moans to mako small things becomo of great importance, and devel oping natural resources that nro without a superior. This lino of coast vnlloys is destined to contain tho finest breeding farms for various kinds of stock. In this department wo bavo alrondy mndo con siderable progress. To stand still is in this age to bo run ovor. Wo cannot stand still, but must push on to greater succoss. No country or Stato bus better mlvnntngos or grcator resources. Boforo long wo shall sco factories and mills in progress, for this will bo in tho near futuro tbo Now Kn-' nd of tho Pacific. Uut 'we1 uavo this to count on; that our coa's-t "no of valloy can bavo no competition to fear, as there is no other region on this thousands of miles of coast possessing such abundant water powers and so easily .rolled. What ever of manufacturing shall bo carried on, depending on water powor, must bo plantod hero. Our ngriculturo will sbnpo itself in courso of timo to supply tho needs of iho immenso industrial population that will come whon wo nro gono, perhaps, but will iuovitnbly como soonor or later, uur larmcis will in sensibly sbnpo thoir labors to suit tho times nnd to satisfy tho coming needs. Whilo Knst of tho Cascades will load ship for tho Old World with bread, wo of tho West shall bo n wonderful fruit region, and bavo groat cities and towns to feed nnd nourish. Wo see by a business card just to baud that our young friend G. K, Hayes, son of II. K. Hayes, Stato Gnmgo Lec turer, has entered into partnership at Oregon City with Mr. L. T. Darin, Into of tho Oregon City Land Office. Wo have a personal acquaintance with lath these gentlemen nnd will say that any thing entrusted to their caro will meet with every attention neoded. "Voices from tho Cascades" is tho title of a pamphlet of verso received by us from Mr. Orriu 1). Harmon. Tbo theme are all familiar sights to us Western peoplo, and written on West ern subjects, by n Western man in tho Wcstorn style. Sovor.il of tho thoughts nro exceptionally good. Tho prico of tho pamphlet is uot stated. The author reside nt Nanavinc, W. 'P., and will doubtless supply all information. Murkier' Arnica 8alr. Tbo Rett Salvo in the world for Cuts, Bruiiea. Sore, Ulcer. SJt Rheum, Fever Sorti, Tetter, Chapped Ua , Chilblain Corn., ami I Skin Eruption, aud potltirely cum Pile., mo py required. Ituguaran teed to sive perfect aatufao ion. or money re funded. Price 75 cent per box. For aale by Port & Son. NO. VIII. What fruits to grow is n question that cannot bo easily ntiBWcre', and is only answered by careful obsprvation and reason. Tho applo is tho most reliable of nil fruits for a steady and positivo de mand, nnd there aro varieties well suited to almost nil locations. Tho applo has many enemies, and from tho gloomy predictions and statements constantly made, it would socm unsafo to plant them. But the applo aphis 1ms existed and boon prevalent for conlurics. It goes nnd comes nt intervnls,nnd no peo plo Btop growing npplcs becnueo lico in fest thoir orchnrds. Tho codling moth enmo hero from Cnlifornin; itcamofrom tho Stntcs to Cnlifornin ns soon as tbo railroad was built, among tho first through passengers; it came to America from Kuropo when tho colonists had orchards for them to infest. So it has been it resident of tho United States from tbo earliest times, nnd has no doubt caused n good deal of loss, but, for all that wo know nnd hear about it, they go on planting orchnrds Knst, ns wo ennnot doubt. Wn must tnko meas ure to kcop them down, but they will not destroy our crops, though thoy may do us considerable injury. Then tho npplo will bo n su, arl fruit to plant in Oregon, for nil tL h t lor cast of us will buy Oregon applet for gonerntions to como. Tho penr is another frui. that is vory vnlunblo, but not nearly so nuch in do mnnd as tho nrmlc. We mnko nnnlo cider, applo sauce, applo pics, and cnt npplcs from childhood to old ngo ; wo get tirod of penrs much soonor nnd cnt nnd uso them moro spnringly. Tho penr trco is long lived nnd mnny kinds nro nenvy bearers. Our fruit-growora will bo fnmous for thoir pears, becnuso wo enn produco tbo very finest and choicest varieties. Tako our Dartlctts, Fall Rut tors, Sockel, and tho various Into full nnd wintor pears, nnd thoy nro rnro nnd dolicious fruita. Yes, by all means plnnt penrs, becauso, if humnn-kind tiro of thorn, the fnmlly of porkers, which is cry largo, novor do. Ghorrics nro a famous fruit in this re gion, nnd wo must kcop our reputntion in good order by growing cherries for tbo world to cat, fro.li, canned, or dried. Tho canning of this fruit will bo a great business whonovcrennncrios bogin work hero. It is nocosscry to plant only eala bio varieties. Mnny fail to study this impoitnnt fact, nnd plnnt unsalnblo fruits, or clso too many vnriotics. Tho Royal Ann is tho king of tho cherry family, so far as demand goos, but thoro aro many varieties that nro better eating tunn that. Poaches nnd apricots nro tho most in demand by canners. It is claimed that they will not do well in this climate, but wo nro continually assured by good nnd reliablo men and women that they hnvo grown them successfully. Thero ruo places where thoy nro suitod nnd grow nnd yield well, and thoro aro enough of such localities to plant out millions of trees. Study tho success of your noigh bors in growing peaches and apricots. nnd bo governod by that. Generally they do well on rich sntidydonniB, liko river-bottom land that is novcr long overflowed. Also on warm, sunny bill sides, sloping south. Such locations, with good sub-soil, often grow luscious and largo poaches and apricots. Tho plum and pruno nro tbo samo family, but tbo cured fruit, driod with tho pit in, is called tho pruno in com merce. Thoro is n great difference in this fruit; somo varieties that cat well nnd can well dry away bo ns to not mako prtmes. Tbo Peach Plum, Dradshaw and Hungarian nro of this sort. Then tho Washington, Columbia, Ileino Claudo and Golden Drop dry well nnd yield 30 to !i:i per com. Tho Italian, Potite, or French, Priuco Knglebcrt nnd German prune aro especially drying fruits, and dark colored, Tho German i inferior and uot worth attention, whilo tbo other aro rich fruits and jield well. Of courso thero aro many other kinds, but thoso nro the best kuowu hero in Oregon. For a drying orchard tho pruno is tho most profitable fruit, as our region Western Oregon is specially ndapted to its growth aud no other country equal it. Tho same varieties grown in California aro of one-third less value. In our own expenenco wo nml tho reach, Golden Drop and Reine Claudo 'very tender trees, and many of them die, whilo the hardiest aro Washington, Petite, or French, nnd Italians. Tho Petite come in advance of tho Italian and tbo two varieties occupy six weeks of time. The Italian is tho finest fruit to dry, best flavored and yields largely. Tho Petite is email nnd very sweet, but is nlways in good domain!. Tho range of fruits wo bavo glanced nt here are the famous fruits of the tern- pcrato zono, and nro truly nt homo with us. Wo far oxcel Cnlifornin in growing them nnd equal nny other Stnto east of tho Itocky mountains. Wo recapitulate thorn merely to prcmiso that each vn ricty n-eds a careful study. Many facts that nro important should be brought out with regard to the characteristics and traits of different vnriotics. No mnn should plant trees without boing fully posted concerning their peculiari ties nnd habits, for trees must have con genial surroundings to do well. Wo hnvo hcrctoforo shown that somo of our greatest favorites ennnot do well on somo locations and soils. Ohio Correspondence. LEo.s'Aitnsnuno, 0., Nov. 1, 1880. Editor Willamette Farmer! Hail! everybody. Earthqtinkos in di vers plncoa ; wars nnd rumors of wnrs ; prophecy boing fulfilled by tho whole sale. Ohio to tho front in frauds ; tho ntmospboro around tbo penitontinry rod hot nnd still heating. "Up, guards, and at 'cm," aro now tho rmss words at thnt plnco. Whilo wo woro suffering from drouth, and nlso from rnin, (for when it Btnrtod to rain it stayed right with us) I wondered bow you wero getting along over in tho land of big npplos nnd littlo oysters. Octobor wns n most delightful month, bnrring tho Inst week, whon on Sunday rnin, yea, snow, caused mnny to hunt for old Inst year's mittens. It really did look chilly. In a fruit dis cussion tho other day, ono untutored orator said bo bad mnstorcd tbo "curcu- palo" in his plums by smoking tho trcos with sulphur two weeks nftor blooming. Ho evidently meant curculio. Another spenkor said ho had used turpentino di luted successfully on tho "kurculo." Both drawing tho laugh, thought thoy had mndo n point. "Where ignnrnnco ia bliss 'tis folly to bo wiso." In conver sation with a tourist who bad just re turned from beyond tho Rockies, ho, said : "Wntors, if you could but 6co the big red npplcs, nny more, could tooth them, you would sny you hnd novor bo foro eaten genuino npplos. I first no ticed them on tho trnin nt Kunn, nnd nftcr that thoy woro expressed to travel ers nil tho timo. They woro n marvel." I notice you hnvo n customer for n Cleveland Day, or English drnft horse. If bo has not nlroady been suppliod, lot him, or you, if his agent, address Bell Bros., Woostor, Wnyno county, Ohio. Thoy can suit you both ns to stock nnd pricos. Thoy aro squaro dealers, im porting and breeding nono but first- class stock. In immigration Kansas scorns taking tho load, much of it being induced by laud companies nnd corporations who offer inducements. Election, Tuesdny, gives promise of warmth by tho shndows thnt fall beforo. Yours as ovor, Jons Waters. iudilen Death. Dr. Flint' Hoart Romedy will pro long lifo by preventing thoso sudden deaths from heart ducaso which bring untold griof to fnuillios, often plunging them into povorty, becnuso of tho un timely decenso of tho broad-winner. At druggists. $1.50. Descriptivo treatise with each bottle; or address J. J. Mack it Co., S. F. Foggy weather prevails at all points in tho Willamotto valloy. ? don't Wck tw ' before. come - 7? en don't Cottie' btforz buyinb XboW(L ofRyJjLvj ; -T x m you tnJ ou tntxy t . !. u r '.a The. rxibfrt ' rLAralpi or JuydbottJc ,,VOVVrf- J :1 'f. n M M A
