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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (July 23, 1886)
y-aygpynywu-iniM! innry, SJ, S "QsJ&' & .-a- AEii-.'qJ?-"- WJfitfxA O " hi r V-7 s"S??I2ISr.ieSHR r. 7 ff KMeS- -n fieBtuMOB MKfetfES ft1rr-r WiT. WT T V WVX .J1 Jh: VOL. XVIII. OREGON PIONEER HISTORY. SKETCHES OF EARLY DAYS. ---MEN AN. TIMES IN THE FORTIES. I1V S. A CLAIIKE .'Oft-tight applied for. All ilghti tee rJ. MUMORR XXVII. A Fearful Trtftedjr. Soon nftor this thoro occurred a terri bio tragody, whereby in an instant of tlmo aix lives were whirled to destruc tion. Dr. While had n cull to go to Astoria and went down tho river with Mr. Rogors, his interpreter, nnd Nathan iel Crocker, who had como across tho plains with Dr. White. Thov reached tho falls of tho Willaniotto and wero trying to find a place to land ; Dr.Whito had stopped on a log, holding n paddle, tho othor end of which was held by Crocker in tho canoe, when tho force of tho current toro tho boat away from tho log and in an instant it was hurled ovor tho falls, only thrco rods from where Whlto stood. Two Indlnns leaped out and swam against tho rapids to shore, two othore and Mr. nnd Mrs. Rogers and her young sister and Mr. Crocker wero lost, a plowing shriok coming from tho falls as tlioy swept over and wero seen no more. Two months afterward none of tho bodios hnd been found. This was a great loss to the infant colony nnd tho nows of it went ovor tho sparsely net tled country, causing a scene of gloom whorovcr it was told. SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY, JULY 23, 1886. NO. 24. The Upper Country Terrorised. In tho spring of 1813, word wuh re ceived from missionaries in tho interior. of various denominations tlint Indinns wero disquioted over rumors ilmt whites wero coming in to possess their coun try. This created excitement among whites as well as Indians and uneasi ness provailod. Quito u number of tho outskirts thought i-eriously of going to tho donser settlements for security. It was urged as necetwary to erect fortifi cations, whilo some wanted to seo an armed forco go into the disaffected country and quell tho pretended disturb ance. Dr. White showed his good sonso by going thcro with only four in all, and found tho Indians suffering appre hension because they hnd heard that an army was coming to destroy them. Thoy asked the doctor where his nrmy was, and could not believe for awhile, that ho unine trusting their good will and without nny mined forco for protcc. tion. Tho whites wero alarmed lest tho Indians should annihilate them, and tho Indinns were in lomir for the same cause, having heard that the Indian agent wns coming in forco to surround and destroy thorn. They hnd conclude.! to stay at homo and defend their homes nntil tho last. Dr. White's coming in such apparent confidence removed all foars and satisfied them that there wns no dnnger, but were at iwace with all tho world. Tliey visitctl thcNez Pcrces ami found them nil well disio.-ed ; fully ."00 of thorn, including all tho chiefs and noted braves, returned with them to Wniil.ipu to aid in coming to some pcacoablo terms with tho Caytiee nation. The agent ordered a foast to commence with nnti all thingb were peaceably conduct ed. Dr. White exposed himself to great danger, nnd maintained . friendly rela tions with the warlike tribes, by exer cising prudence and showing confi dence, and courage. In all his relntions with those tribes he cccm to have con ducted matters with good judgement and sound common soio; hU fortunate presenco as n government official was products e of much good. Meanwhile. tho bcttleri. had organized and framed a code of law. The laws thus framed were well executed nnd well respected. Thoro wn. trouble with the Indians in tho lower country because the settle ment of tho Willamette valley had kill ed and driven off game mid they could no longer subsist from the bow and arrow. They were scorned by the whites and had becomo degraded by contamin ation with bad people of that race. So they had lost all self respect nnd wore becoming reckless as well as degraded. Some had ambition nnd vlrror onmiL-h to becomo thieves. They wero nil to be pltticd. They had no recourse, no ca pacity to meet altered circumstances or accept civilization. Whilo whiles were proapoting Indians were retrograding, and it wns no cause for surprise that they becamo demoralized and disitilbot- od and committed nets that were unlaw ful. They wero much worse ofi' than tho Xez IYrccs nnd Caynscs, who still kopt possession of their lands and had the teachings of tho best clnss of nils. sionnries as their only intorcourso with tho whites. In January, I8-M, W. H. Nelson, 1. II. Hatch, A. L. Lovcjoy and A. F. Wallor wrote to call tho Indian agent's attention to tho fact that intoxi cants woro distilled in tho countrv. Dr. Whito responded at once by leaving nomo noxl day for tho scone of opera tions ; ho found a still nt Oreiron Citv. and nftor arresting tho distiller, broke his apparatus and threw it into tho scothing falls. Tho nggreshor was put llllder 1)011(18 llOl to IiiuLm num liminn nnd tho evil wns stopped. Carter or on Indian ituffltn. An Indinn ruffian named Cockstock lived near Otckoij Citv. and had tmmr. ized tho vicinity by threats nnd outrages. Forono thing, ho attacked Dr. White's premises in his absence, broke door and windows all in, and mado general havoc, though Dr. Whito did not know who did it for a long time. Horses worn stolon. Cock-took nnd six adheients paraded the town, horribly painted, and crosml the river and tried to got Indi ans there to help them burn the town that night and murder tho citizen. There citizen were so exasperated that when liis party crossed again to tho Or- egon City side, they met them at tho rivor nnd coinmonced firing. Two men workint: near by were wounded liv iwlsoned arrows, Wilson nnd ltoiers.nnd al6o (Seo. W. I.vllreton, who wero un armed but in the iiK-hr. Cogent and I.ollreton died of the poison. A mill lido named Winslow Andenon des patched Cockstock by breaking his skull with his riflo barrel. Tho relatives of Cockstock from The Dalles eame down in force and demanded money or goods for hit death. Dr. Whito showed them that tho boot was on iho other leg; that two whites were killed to one In- dian, and thoy were the ones to pay the blood money. Thin was reni-onini; so cogent that oven i Wntco savage understood it. It is claimed that all this trouble, nnd tho denth of several valuable men wns catieod by tome white men cheating Cockstock in a trade; that ho was to work for a horse, and when tho least was part earned ho the man hnd fold it. Cockstock went and took the hone and this led ton year's turbulence and three men were finally killed. 'Iho Cahpooias and Mnhilhih nnd the Klamaths were not friendlv. Onetime a band of strange Indinns, in war paint, dime to the Willnmcttoe to visit Caleb, n Calipooiu chief. They veto bent on murder, bnt Dr. Whito ene Caleb a fnt ox to feast them, and made afterward a treaty of peacj with them, though they eame with evil intent. They engaged to como again with all their people, to n spot- named, anil went away in great humor. I hey wvrc of two different baud.-, Klamath ami Molnllas and Cockstock war- with them They were crossing a big stre iuj. not fitr away, when Cockstock and hi crowd turned on the others and nuuuicred all of them. .Such wns Cockstock, but hie death was coupled with that of two good citizens. Dr. Whito tells a rather pitiful story of tho Tualatin Indians who, in iXier of hungor, no game being procurable, kill. ed an old ox and ate it, and then had tin- mollification, n the old chief ex pressed it to know lhy hnd stolen nnd could not look n whito mnn in tho face, lie camo to the agonttotell his troubles. Tho whites extorted as pay a rilo nnd eight horses, worth ninny times tho poor ox. Bid Conduct of Catlforalani. About 18111 boiiio Uayuses.WnllaWnlla and Spokanes went all tho way to Cali fornia, through tho Indian country, to trndo heaver, deer nnd elk skins for cat. lie, n journey of 700 or 800 miles. All went well nnd they had traded oil' their skins to great advantage. They went to the mountains to hunt nioro deer and oik, nnd there met and conquered a band of frecbootingenvngcs.from whom they took twenty-two horses. When thoy reached the Spanish settlement this stock was claimed ns tho nronortv of settlers from whom it had been Btolon. Tho Indinns quoted their custom a lnw, but tho Mexicans demnndod their horses without even pnyraont of salvage. An American claimed a mule hh his, and was prevented from taking It by n young chief named Klijah Hcdding. A few days after tho Indians went down to Captain Sutter's fort to church. Klijah was invited into n room whore they wero abusod nnd onllcd thlovcs and dogs. This American threatened to kill him. and Klijah said cooly : "Lot mo pray Hrst." He knelt down in all solemnity and commonccd a prayer, when tho whito savsgo shot himdond. This was the unpleasant story tho upper country savnges brought hack from California. They escaped with their Hvhs, pursued nnd waylaid, but managed to get homo leaving all the herds they had so honest ly paid for behind. As they escaped they met three American!, and thoro vengo thoy took was to mount them and send thorn back with word they wero Thrift iau, and would not take re vengo on innocent men. They for a whilo thought of raising an niiuy of 2000 men to go and murder, ravage nnd lay waste California, where they were m ill-used and the!'' friends murdered. Kllis, tho head chief of the Noz. 1'erces, camo down to sco Dr. White, and by kind treatment was persuaded that it was ono of the sad things best let nlor.e. He invited tho chiefs to como down and tee him, and offered to rive $500 toward purchas ing cows in California for their trilc. which pacified them. Tho doctor soms to have labored zealously and success fully for the preservation of peace and the advancement of Indians in all proper ways. Literal! Rescued from the Dead terrible tnlo is told of a bright slave loy rescued litorally,from tho embraco of death. A Wnsco chief had a son tho same age, and when tho lad died ho de termined to that tho slnvo boy, who had been his inseperablo companion living, should go with him doad. Tho dead homo was on an island in tho svlift Col umbia current, and wns piled with corpses on each side. Tho dead wns lashed to tho living, tho cords cutting in so dctip that six months afterwards tho cuts showed. It was in the iiielit that Cev. Perkins and wife heard thn story, nnd with tho earliest morning they hastened to the ieland to find the poor little wretch 'iving. though breathing the foulest odors of tho dead houi. He had struggled oil' the pile of dead and lay on the ground hound ho that death must soon havo come. It was n loni; time before he rovived and then it w.h to rave of the horrors he experienced How Spencers Butte was haraed on the lthof July, 1811, Dr. White left to find a road over tho (wade, as commencement of a long journey i a". Tho provisional legislature had nkeil him U) return as a messenger, and out by him a memorial to tho pnttidnnt and congresi,tlio first overrent from Oregon. He failed to find any passable route and turned back after scvoral ell'or's, con- cludim; to keep south to the head of the valloy. There ho found sovcral billies that struck his eye as lomantlc. One of these ho unmod Spencer nftor tho Secre tary of war, a nnino that yet attaches to tho most notablo object near Kugone. From here he turnod to find a pass through the Coast range to tho ocean, which ho accomplished. Ho must havo followed tho Siuslaw, and, If so, was tho first whilo man who explored that route. A Full Summlnr tin of Dr. Whit.. Dr. Whito was so utterly inconsistent and wanting in reliability that ho con stanlly got into trouble. Ho was bless ed with frlonds, and we Hnd among tho pionoors some who entertain consider. ablo rogard for him, though they will confess to his shortcomings as liborally as his worst enemies could doslrc. No doubt his difficulties and troubles woro tho natural consequenco of his sins of omission nnd commission. Lvlni; was a lino art with him. So inconsistent aiid unreliable was ho tlint friends nro full of his vaunting and lapses from honornblo donling. When ho wont across tho plnlns to c vo mi ac count of his stowurdshlp nt Washing' ton ho carried hack an eastern mail, writton by settlers, who wnitcd such op portunities to communicate- with friends in tho older states. It is told that ho deliberately opened and read them and threw into tho firo n largo number that spoko of Dr. Whito in an unfrlondly manner. Thin was done in the presenco of tho entire company. It is pleasant to lie able to speak come good words of tho man and find sonio good man who lenmin his friends. He was eccontric nnd oven false, hut ho wns useful in his plnce. Ho made things j lively for nwhilo in young nnd thinly settled Orogon, nnd wns the source of olllcinl effulgence so long as he hnd sway. It is u question if he did most harm or good, but we incline to tho op inion that, if weighed in the balance, ho' was not found u together wnntinu'. Dr. Whito Is accused of leiiig ovcrkind to nnd indnlgcnt to the Hudson Day Co. It might I) possible for a iinrrow-miud-nd ami prejudiced man to speak ill of Dr. Mclnighlin, hut surely no liberal, generous-minded man could look on and see the great hcimfltH he was always couicrrini; on Americans, his trim kind. heartcdnoss of his joyous overflowing wonllh of nature, nnd not be willing to accord him praise and honor. The world has seen few niont noblc-mlndcd men than wan John McLoughlln, Had he not been where ho was, ami had he not dono as ho did, always generous, in dulgent and kindly, what would the earlier Oregon immigrations havo dono for food and clothes? I hand down his name with rovoroncc, nnd remember the whito head I have often soon sunn ing in that Oregon City norch with a pleasant remembrance, wishing this world could havo more great souls like his. $orr$00nden.e.f. Remarks About Cherries. Abel's FbototTsphs. Mr. AIhjI has removed from the old place to tho upper rooms in Dokum's block. Ho has family rooms nttnehod. so that ho is always on hand. An ele vator is ready to take pnlrons or friends to his leautiful rooms, where the clear sun-light conies down unmolested to as sist nrt. Our readers when in Portland, will find Mr. Abel always ready to take a picture, nnd will certainly give ratin- faction. AMentiou is called to tho new adier- tisement of tho Oregon Pacific Knilmnd ( ompany. I heir line runs to Yniiiiun, that well-known and very popular Miiiimor resoit of Oregon. The num ber of visitors to Yarjuina this year is greatly ium-iitcd over any former year, and the accommodations are reported as much improved. Our State oxecu the returned this past week fioin a so journ to the Yaquinn well pleased with their excursion. Tho Snnreinn Court tit f !nlifnrmi .!r cidos that railroads cannot bo compelled to tako inoitoy us freight or permit pas fengers to carry It as baggage Ckosto.v, Or., July (5, 1880. Kdltor Willamette Farmer i Next to tho Strawberry I place the Cherry. All persona arc fond of this delicious, rich, and healthful fruit. Chil dren especially nro passionately fond of cherries j every one should have n few trees near the house, for, if not watched tho birds will cat them all. I havo to fight for my share, nnd then hardly get it. Still, I do not like to kill tho birds, for, ns a rule, boing insect eaters, are our frlonds. Tho trees on my placo are roranrkablo for growth, hcnlthJulncss nnd productlovnosss : soil, stony clay loam. Tho trcos should ho headed back, mado spreading nnd low. so ns to bo easily gathered. Thcro nro ninny yari elics of this valuable fruit. In select ing wo should get early, medium and Jnto kinds. Hut it Is great folly to have too many varioties. Tho lllnck Itcpub lican, Black Spanish, Vnnekiko uro tine among the black ones. Tho Kcpubli can is very late, VaiiBkikolcdium and Illack Spanish nearly ns Into ns any. Tho Itoynl Ann Is lnree. late, and should bo included in every collection however smnll. Tho Governor Wood is ouo of tho best yellow chorrics I know of for general use. Somo like tho Itcd Cnr nation, some thn Hlgnrrcau, tho Hello de Havay, May Duko and early ltlchmond. The Illack Tnrtarium nnd Llttlo Uellc do Cholsy nro not bad in cat. Iho market wns belter this venr than last. Why? llecauso generally there wns not more than half a crop. The threo week cold rain nnd frosts of April killed, and indeed prevented fertiliza tion, hence fower cherricH thlH season. Trees with open bonds or long binnchos luul few cherries on them. Close bends ith foliage are u protection against cold nod frost, l.ivo and learn. Smokes in the orchnrd prevent frosts, but who could keep up smoke for thrco weeks? No one. Fruit irrowiiii' has its drawback ns other things. May and Juno this season, for Oregon, has boon unusually dr. Fruits of all kind were its a coiiscnucnco not so lurire. but richer and sweeter. A diy, warm sun makes rich, sweet fruit. It tins been threaten ing, cloudy nnd aouth wind, for near threo weeks. It l-iivo us three little shower-. Hut June, for the first time In thirty years, has passed without rain. save a fuw very lit tin showers. Tho dry weather wns very fnvornble in gnthoriug strawberries and cherries, though ruin ous to gardens. If you want a big cherry get tho big Itcd I'rowl. It's huso! Tho Kentish I havo It, but don't liko 1:. Many do for cooking, but I would rather not havo It on tlie place. Kven the lards didn't liko 'em. Thcro nro hundreds of cherries ; and no two men could give you the same "list." Tastes differ. Men differ. I therefore say, choose for yoursolf. A. F. D.WIPMI.V I'oitru.si). Or., July II, 18SU. .Messrs. Thompson v. Iliggeii, ngont for Iluriiolto l'nintCo.'H Impervious I.imo Paint, Xo. 10 First St., Portland :- 1)1.111 Slllh : Wll nril trlml ti inform you that tho Impervious l.iino Paint (of which you are the owners) put on the roof of this warohoiiMt bv von nfTcnlnnlk- clones all lenkn. unil in. u li.-iv- ummi considerable money, soldering anil re pairing amo,iiio impervious I. mm Taint is the long felt want we have been look ing for. Yours truly, Ampiiian Kmiiam.p Wiitm, Charles Chalmcrr, agent. Trespass Notices. Now that Iho game, law is until Btnuds all farmers in hum! in Imvn "lr..wniuu notices" printed. Wo will print fifteen trespass notieoi-. on rlnili wiili imnwi nl owner of laud, for .fl.M. Kend in orders at once. U.m. J. Oi-uikk. Willamette Farmer Office. Tooth brushes, all kinds at IkjUoiii prices at Port's 100 State street