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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (July 16, 1886)
VOL. XVIII. OREGON PIONEER HISTORY.. SKETCHES OF EAKLY DAY8.---ME2t AN TIMES IK THE FORTIES. llV S. A CLAltKK ('Jlijrljlit iplloil (or. All rlhti rcicrtol. ntmm:u sxvi. Immigration of 13 J2. To roturn to our story: H. Durns wns appointed blacksmith, John Hod' strudor wngonmakcr, nml other posi tions woro provided for. Captain Siib lcltec, tho old trader and trapper and princo of mountainoors, wns fonrful nbout taking so largo n company oC men, women and children through such coun try, so nn organization was effected and mlos adopted for his satisfaction, as ho doubted being abio to preserve order and maintain discipline. Tho company had something liko forty families, and wns n valuablo addition to tho American colo ny in Orogon. Thoro woro eighteen wagons, with snowy covoru, and n long train of horses, mules and cattle. A ro port that owing to scarcity of watorsup ply dogs wcro liable to go nirul on tho plains, caused thorn to kill all canines. Whilo Lovcjoy and Hastings woro carv ing their uaraoa on Independence rock thoy wcro onpturod by n largo party of Sioux, and wcro probably held for ran som, but they wcro rocovorod badly frightened without being mulct in very heavy damages. Tho immigration of 1812 probably owod much of its strougth to Dr. 'While's efforts to recruit its forco, and ho deserves credit for it. Thoy mado tho journey without much trouble or danger and with few mishups, and arrived in good sonson. Dr. Whito struck out for the Columbia in advance, and reached Western Oregon boforo tho bulk of tho company nrrived. lie camo back with tho lirat government, commission ever issued for Oregon, and perhaps mado a littlo more of an Indian sub-agency than was proper or necessary. Thcio Is no reason to doubt tli.u ho "magnified his oflico" considerably, for it was only nn inferior and stihoidiuuto position. Tho sottlers of Oicgon were dslightod to sec any action by tho government recog nizing Orogou, nud received it as a pre cursor of belter things. Thoy knew "White, for lie mado himsolf known, and not always to everybody's satisfaction. That ho should coino back on n pitiful uncertainty, which insured only $760 per annum, was strange enough, ilo made tiio moat of it, however, and was nctlvo nnd certainly Ubcful in many re spects. As soon as newness woio off tho jealous-minded commenced to criticiso his doings, and donouneo him person ally. Dr. White's Officii! Career- Dr. Whito was evidently a man of sanguino temperament nnd inconsider ato in many respects. Ho may have as sumed too much, but he had to assume considerable nioro than would pertain to tho ofllco whore there were highor au thorities within reach to consult nnd appeal to. As ho was tho only repre sentative of tho national government he had to presume a good deal on general principles. Hod ho waited to refer mat ters to Washington, tho moss of ago would havo covered them, if they ever camo back with government ruling-'. To accomplish any good it was necessa ry to country, Indian territory, which it was and act hi accordance. White wns too mercurial to succeed without somo mistakes. I come to the subject us un prejudiced as possible to be, nnd 1 sin cerely believe thnt hie failings leaned in the right direction. He accomplished much good as Indian agent, and that I will proceed to explain in due time. On his way down tho Columbia ho called nt Dr. Whitman's station and was sur prised to find him surrounded with com forts and conveniences; house and furni ture there reminded him of. comfortable homes back in the States. He spent t two days there very pleasantly. SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY, Provisional Government Started. During his absence from Oregon a village hnd sprung up at Willamette falls culled Oregon City. A meeting of citizens wns convened at Champocg to receive his intelligence where Dr. .1. L. Itabcock presided nnd W. I J. Lo Uroton was secretary. T. .!. Hubbard, Ln lire ton, It. Shoiters, .lames O'Neill, (i. Abcr nethy and .1. I., l'nrrish woio commit tco to draft resolutions that stated with what HAtisfnctiou tho people viewed tho extension of government jurisdiction over Oregon, and they also said "Wo highly approve of the appointment of Dr. K. White," as well a thoy approved of tho appointment of an agent to rogu Iato and guard tho interests of the In dians. The last resolution favored be ing broughtsoou "under tho jurisdiction of our mother country." Tho immigra tion on tho way was received kindly nud was hospitably entertained on arrival, for it was the II rat arrival in force, con sisting largely of mcohnnlcs, who wcro much needed for building up tho coun try and making homes. It is stated thnt meeting alter mooting was hold, looking to somo form of self govern ment, but so many wcr- aspirants for high positions that they came to naught. In June, 181.'!, a committco made up of Itobort Moore, Robert Newell, and Rob crt Shortest-, drnfted a code for n con vention of cithcens to amend, to reject or adopt. Up country Indians become Insolent. Dr. White is accused of pliability and subserviency toward tho Hudson Hay company and Dr. McLnughlin. It in truo that he felt very kindly toward Dr. McLaughlin nud his company, nnd ho had nbuudnnt icnson for such feeling. Ho received ninny kindnesses nnd great favors at tho hands of the chief factor nud many other of itsollicors, nud could hardly hnvo succocdcil as ho did in his work if ho did not havo their assistance. As the same kind of treatment was ex tended to now comcrsjind old residents, to tho poor u well ns the influential nnd woll to do, the accusation that Dr. Whito was n sycophant is not to follow. He experienced gicut kindness and ic ciprocatcd it, do doubt. If he erred in doing to it is nothing Gtinngo in an im pulsive man. With his temperament ho could not fail to make encmios ns well us friends. His arrival, commis sioned to net ns Indian agent, wns for tuuato for all. The Indians of the up per country were becoming very rest less, nnd had done many improper act. Hefoio Dr. Whitman had left for tho stales on that winter journey so much tnlked of, ho had been treated rudoly, nnd it was very probnblo thnt his lifo was only snved by tho timely arrival of a party of whites oh tho savages wero about to murder him. Close around his mission were 11000 Walla Wallas, fur ther cast were ns many Ne. Porcos, nud to the west, woro almost nH many Cay uses. These peoplo had become used to making unreasonable demand, enforced by threats, and tho more they got the more thoy demanded, until it became u question if the mission should bo aban doned. A party had treated Wiiitmnn, who was alone, except his sick wife, with groat personal indignity, and toon after tho chiefs broko into his house nnd at tacked him with war dubs, broke tho door to the private room with an axe, nnd he was saved by tho opportune ar rival of a party whites Ho was after ward murdered by the mmo iiple. He had built for the Indians a house near by, exactly like his own, and only one room in his owit house waj not open to them. Hocanse bin liodioom whs closed they acted as above. He left for the KhbI in Onfnlinr. '-i'2. nftr tlio nrriviil nf t Dr. White, and boon ufto- hat one of tho chiefs broko into Mi. Whitman's room, nnd she was only saved from out rage by the waking of a white man who slept in the house. About the same timo Mrs. Spaulding was grossly insult ed in her husband's absence. An In dian stole Mr. Spaulding's horse, and when followed, put his loaded gun at Spaulding's breast nnfl abused him with impunity Expedition tolNcx Fercosand Cayuies. Outrages nnd robbories wero frequent and the position of the missions wns un safe. Mrs. Whitman removed to Tho Dalles for safety, and tho Hour mill nt Waiilntpu wns burned by some Indian miscreant. Here was a call for tho In dian agent. Dr. Whito secured the val uablo services of Tom McKay (father of Dr. McKay), who was experienced, capa ble and fearless, who know nil the coun try, tho tribes nnd their languages; nnd taking six men, wandered inJo tho up por country, hundreds of miles away. Thoy found Mr. MoKinloy in charge at Walla Walla and hn went with them. At Vancouver everything was dono by Dr. McLaughlin to assist choir journey. Waiilntpu was but thirty miles beyond Fort Wulla Walla, and thorc they snw savage destruction where thcrohad been beautiful surroundings. They went on to Lapwoi, 1G0 miles further, and reached them Dccomber !), where tho mission aries were joyful at their coming. Nothing was dono for two days but se cure a good understanding. The third ilny twenty-two chiefs woro gathorcd, and many others. Dr. White showed that his duty was to protect thorn from being wronged, as well as to seo that thoy acted kindly nud honestly to the whites. Ho mado politic remarks as to their progress and rights, and was suc ceeded by McKinle-y, who disabused thorn of the idea thnt nny difforeucs ex isted in tho rights of whites of various nationalities. McKay spoke much to tho point and with moio effect, becauso ho wns himself partly of Indian blood. Fivo Crows, n noted chiof, ipoke tlrst and with good edict ; then an old war chief !0 yearn old mudo a pathetic speech and was followed by others. It all rcsultcl in the adoption of a brief codo of laws and the election of a head chief over all. Tho man elected was Kllis, who had been educated at Red river and was n fair P.nglish scholar. Tho election of a chief was cclebiated by a feast. The miiio chief, Five Crow, wns prominent nfterwnrds in the Whit man mnunere and was a leader in tho Cuyiuo war. It seemed as if these men had two natures, nnd one wns savage and diabolical, though their cnlm judgment wHgood. when they allowed it to rule them. The t'uyiiic had committed worse act by far lhan the Nest Forces nnd they diended the mooting that Was to bo held nt Wniilatpu,Wlutman's station. What tho Nez Forces hnd dono in ac cepting laws nnd electing n chiof mado a great impression on the other tribes; tho Cnyuso chiefs were uneasy, so Dr. White remained silent and let Itogcr nnd McKay tnlk to them, lloforo long Indian stoicism gave wny, Bovernl of tho chiefs broko out weeping. There wns too much to bo explained and thoy saw no way to mako explanation of the burning of tho mill nnd tho attempted outrago by a Cayuse chief on Mrs. Whit man ami insults to the doctor. The final arrangoment with ihoCayues was positioned until spring as many other chiefs wero not then present nnd no permanent arrangement could be ar rived at Registered Berkshire Ho; for Sale. Wo hae for sale a ISerkshire boar. He is by Registered stock, nud a choice animal. Will sell for cash or npproxod security. Addros at once : W. J.CiaiiKi.. .Salem, Or. On our fifth page this week will bo found it striking and instructive illiistia Hon of tho comparative worth of tho various kinds of baking powders now in the market. t Dig lot five and ten cent cakes Col gate's tine toilet soaps ut Fort's. JULY 1G 1886. orrcuonilcnc. Remarks About Strawberrloi. Ciiostox, Or., July 0, 1SS(. lMllor Willamette 1'armcr : 1 propose, now thnt strawberries nre over for this senson, to make a few ic mnrks useful to thoo who may bo in terested. Tney are now nil gone save the.lucundu Manchester, (loldcu defi ance, Jersey queen and occasionally a Sharpies. Tho Dig Dob nUo has many good berries on them yet. This straw berry this season has done admirably ; and has been nsurpriso to tne. It seems to require n rich soil, high culture, and a dry season, on nt least dry land. It differs from tho lildwel!-, .vhich seems lo do tattor of a wet season; and it is, indeed, a most splendid wet weather for its stalks run up among the foliage of the plant thus screening tho berries from both the hot sun and tho wet ground. The Dig Hob lies -tho stalks of fruit too much on tho ground. So liubln to bo dabbled up in rainy weather. Thoy are both fine growing plants, large borries nud of good quality, with n strong tendency to ovorbenr. Tho Jucumln, though nn old berry, is still among tho best and Intost. Tho Sharploss.nll things considered, is A No. 1. It is early, medium nud nppronch ing late, and certainly tho largest of nil berries I have ever grown. Tho only serious objection against the Sharpless is thnt of a wet season tho fruit is sprawling over tho ground, and tho rain dabbles and softens them up. This season it has proved tho best on my place out of !I0 varieties. It is most worthy. The golden defiance is all wo can nk of any strawberry, except it bears so enormously thnt many of the berries nro too little ; so much so ns to mako it tedious to pick them, ns well ns renders them unreliable. Hence I do not iccoininend it only us a late homo Ix'rry. Tho Monarch hns done splendidly this dry year. Is n largo plant and berry; is an "awful bouor"of dolieious fruit. It will not grow nt nil on bard clay land, and must, to do it host, be ic sot every twoyearsj is short lived. Ami pistillate female miiHt Ik set among hotinophrodites perfect or they will Ik non-productive. Tho Jersey Queen this year hns been one of my best lato strawberries. To do its bet, however, it requires rich hind, thorough cultivation and all runners kept oft', othcrwiso tho plant is feeble. For this reason nnd its boing a pistillate I do not recommend it for cnrolcwj co pi", but as n rich, dolieious and pro ductive late borry it is among tho very best, when nil tho conditions nre just right Tho Wilsou.iih it always does, did well this season and for canning ami being firm it is our best market berry. Httll it hos unless on very rich land and under high culture, vith all runners cut entirely too many littlo ones for profit. It takes just as lung to pick a littlo berry as a big one, and timo is money. I can pick two or three times as many quarts of Sharpless in one hour it I can of Wilsons. Why? Itecuuso the one is very largo nml the other small. Ifcnco I do not nnd cannot af ford to cultivato it except on ii small scale, and that for its magnificent taste and canning qualities. No lerry I havo ever run has such a sweet taste as a ripe Wilson. Mr. Wilson deserve a monument erected to his memory for originating and bringing forward at that timo when strawbery culture was at a low ebb, this tho usher-in of a new era in fwgaria culture. On that monu ment should bo painted, in full fruit, under glass well soulid, n Wilson plant with this inscription "Reared in honor of Mr. Wilson, originatoi of tho Wilson strawberry." The e ate sevond straw tarries now NO. 23. ahead of the Wilson ; foremost among these are the Sharpless, the Parry, the Jowell and two or thrco others, the names of which I will not give till fur thor experiments with them. We live in n splendid ngc ; an ago full of invention, improvement nud progress ; full of all that's splendid in art, in science, in literature, in pomol ogy and in horticulture. An ago full of gifted men and gifted women. An nge splendid in its aims; splendid in its accomplishments; splendid in its pro motion of the good and will bo splendid in its prohibition of tho bad. Wo In deed live in n splendid nge. Whore wns pomology illly years ago " Where was horticulture fifty years ngo? Whore was Horticulture fifty years ago? Downing set pomology in sunshine. Henderson set hoitleulture in sunshine. Vick set flnraoulture in sunshine. Fruit growers are looming up in our country. Tho strawtarry, tho first of fruits, is commanding Die attention of mon of rare intellect and energy. From Knox, tho strawberry king, down to Durand our march hns boon onward and upward. From Knox's No. 700 down to the Princo of llerrios; from tho Wilson down to tho Jewel, the Dewoy and On tario nnd still tho march is onward. When tlio Helds re iwoot with clover, And tlio woods are glad with toug, Whru the broaka are running over, Auil thn day aro bright and long, Then from every nook nnd bower, 1'eepa the dainty atrawbeiry flower Wlicu thn deir enchanting summer Toaiet beauty at our feet, 8he delights each weery ccmer With her berries freah and tweet, Hpringtldei bloniONii stored nwy, Itipen for iu all the day, A. F. Davidso.x. The Hop Markets Abroad. P.nglish mail dates of Juno 21st con tain the following The London market may best bo de scribed ns in a statu of suspense, await ing the progress of the growing plant. In the absence of siicculatinn, tho posi tion is perfectly healthy, but thero is "till n large supply of hops in tho bor ough, and holder! aro eugcily watch lug for tho slightest pretext upon which they may base nu advance iu price. So far, however, all promise well, and al though tho raw, blustering weather of tho past fortnight has given rise to some anxiety on die pint of growers, (ho plant is generall.i si- sturdy uud vig orous thnt there In no real cause for alarm. Tho fact that the growth of tho vino has Ixeu comparatively unchecked by tho cold windu nud frosty nights, which have recently prevailed all over F.iiglaun, is proof iiidocd of its excel lent condition. Thero nre, of course, rumors of fly going about, but we be lieve the cases nro quite isolated, Throughout Germany, itolgium nnd Alsaee-Loraino tho crop is in good con dition and making fair progress, but the stormy aud boisterous weather of tho past week bus given it a slight set back. A few days of bright Juno weather would soon bring the plant forward again, however. From presout indications the acreage to hops on tho continent and in Fug land will prove to Ik) about the same as lust year, and unless the plant takes n very decided turn for tho worso it is doubted whether values will rulo much higher during the coming season. Thero is still such a largo surplus stock of old American and other hops on hand that only the failure of a considerable portion of tho 1S80 crop would warrant a material riso iu price. Poiiti wi. (ir., July i, 18S(J. Messrs Thompson C Riggeu, agent for Ituruotto PaintCo.'H Impervious Llmo Paint, No. 10 First St.. Portland Dkaii Slits ' We aro glad to inform you that the Impervious Limo Puint (of which you are the owners) put on tho roof of this warehoiiso by yon effectually eloR-.s all leaks, and as wo hae spent considerable money, soldering and re pairing same.the Impervious Limo Paint is tho long felt want we have tacn look ing for. Yours truly, Ami.iihvs Kx iiaxmi: Wimir, Clmiles Chalmers, agent- Treipan Notices. Now that the game law is out it stands all farim-is in hand to have "trespass notit-W primed. Wo will print fiftcon trespnsk notice.', on e'oth, with nniuo of owne.- of land, for tJ-". Send iuordor.s nt once Wi. J. Ci.aiikk, Willamette Farmer Wce