N
VOL. XVIII.
OREGON PIONEER HISTORY.
SKETCHES OF EARLY DAYS. ---MEN AND
TIME8 IW THE FORTIES.
I1Y B. A Cr.AUKK
Cjpyrl-tit applltJ fjr. Att rljliti mcrrel
Nl'MDP.ll XVI.
Mr. lloss describes the Grand Coulco
of tlio Columbia in u very graphic way.
lie says, "Tho Bides or banks of tho
Grand Coulco nro for tho most part
formed of basalt rocks, in somo places
ns high as 150 feet, with shelving steps
formed liko stairs, to ascond and do
scend, nnd not unfrcqticntly vaults, or
excavated tombs, as if cut through tho
solid rock, liko tho dark nnd poms cata
combs of Kief. Tho bottom, or bed,
deep and broad, consists of n conglomor-
ntoofnnnd or clay, hard and smooth,
whero not interrupted by rocks. Tho
wholo presents, in ovcry rospect, tho ap
pearance of tho deep bed of u groat
rivor or lake, now dry, scooped out of
tho level and barron plain. Tho sight
in many places is truly mngnillcont.
Wliilo in ono placo tho solemn gloom
forbids tho wanderer to advance, in an
other tho prospect is lively and invit
ing, tho ground being thickly studded
with ranges of columns, pillars, battle
mcnts.turrcnts, and steps abovo stops,
in ovory varioty of shndos nnd color,
llcronudthcro endless vistnannil Bubtor
rnncous labyrinths add to tho beauty
of tho scene, and what is moro singular
in this nrid nnd sandy region cold
springs nro froquont. Yet thoro is
novcr any wnter in tho e! ism unless
after recent rains. Thunder and light
ening aro known to bo moro frequent
hero than in any other parts, and a
rumbling of tho earth is sometimes
heard. According to Indian tradition
it is tho nbodo of eil spirits. In tho
neighborhood there i- neither hill nor
dale, lnko nor mountain, creek nor riv
ulct to givo variety to tho surrounding
aspect. Altogether it is a charming ns
somblago of picturesque objects for tho
lover of nnturc. It is tho wonder of
Oregon."
Ono curious cpisodo in ltoss' book is
about white wolves, An Oknnagan
chief came to him with n fearful btory
that his son, just from bolow, heard
rcpoit that n great hand of strange
wolves, ns big ns buffaloes, woro coming
up tho river. They woro so strong and
hairy that neither arrows nor ball could
kill them, and so fiorco no man could
Approach them. ''Thoy linvo already
killed thousands of horses and wo shall
nil bo ruined. You," said he, "will
looso all yours." Itosa told him that
tho whites had balls to kill anything,
nnd if thoy attack our horses wo shnll
surely kill them. A fow days aftor tho
wolvos did corao nnd killed fivo horsos,
so Ross set a dozen steol traps around
ono carcass and removed tho others.
Ho caught four wolves, and a largo
whito wolf, very ferocious. Another
trap held a foot gnawed ofThy its owner.
The whito ono in tho tray tried to lly at
them, and that, too, while tho foot in tho
trap was broken, nnd held only by sin
ens. It was killed and weighed 127
pounds. Though not as big as a buffo
lo, it was n monster. Tho skin was
kept by tho chiof as very valuable, tho
whito wolf's skin being tho Indian em
blem of royality. One trap was carriod
off, and by following it, thoy slew anoth
er largo ono. It seems that a wholo
army of small wolves will follow the
lead of two or three great whito wolves
and do an immense deal of damage.
They destroyed threo or four ringlead
ers and had no moro trouble. Tho suc
cess mado tho Indians have faith in tho
whito man's capacity and courage. A
description is given of tho manner iu
which a wolf will outwit a horse. It
was done by a system or ironcsome
gambol performed by two wolves -'that
interest the horso; by this means a
SALEM,
wolf will got near enough to catch tho
horso by tho hnm-string. With n hold
onco gained, and novcr let go, tho rost
como to his nssistnncc. Tho horso is
ham-Btiung in n moment nnd then they
eat him nt their leisure. Tho wit and
strategy displayed equals anything told
of bruto intellect tho world ovor.
lloss says of tho natives of tho inter
ior: "Tho natives cover tho earth in
swarms. War is their chief occupa
tion. Tho warlike natives of tho Col
umbia movo about in such unexpect
ed multitudes as to surprise tho unwary
trador." This ho says in showing what
dangers nnd hardships tho Indian trad
or encountered through nil that region,
when many tribes wcro nt war nnd
much tact was required in passing from
ono tribe lo another in case they wcro
ongnged in hostilities.
Uoss givos an amusing account of nn
Indian feast given in winter timo nt tho
Cascades. . The banquetting hall was
largo with n lire in tho middle, around
which aiu laid tho eatables with tho
guests in n close ring around tho whole.
Picture ono of tho honored whito guests
squatted among tho notables in tho first
row, the common pooplo iu tho next
nnd the canlues mot eager of all on
tho outside. Our friond has his bark
platter between his lees Jillod, top-heavy,
with ii melango of bear's grouse, dog's
llesh, wnpatoes, borries, roots and a. pro
fusion of choice nntivn viands. F.ach
uses his fingers to help himself nnd ono
knlfo is passed around n.s needed. It is
not easy to keop the howling pack in
tho rear; tho daring ones will rush in
nnd siczo the food from tho guests dish
es. Conversation is varied by cudg
ling of tho dogs that commit theso
thefts. Tho (leas, too, becomons excited
ns tho canines, nnd leap iu squadrons
around tho festivo board. Such was
tho enso, no doubt, and tho whito guest
know no escape from tho honor thrust
upon him. His ability to mingle as if
"to tho nionor born" among natives,
nnd share their faro and lots generally.
wns tho measure of his success as a
trader. Theso highly oduculcd gentle
men partook of Indian feasts nnd lived
at tims among them with all posslblo
grnco and apparent satisfaction.
McIConzio onco broko n boat loadod
with goods of value, and placed tho
ninoty packages in tho hands of n Cns
cado chiof who had always been of un
certain friendship. On his return ho
received all unharmed, and tho conll
donco shown resulted in winning tho
friendship of tho tribe. Such proofs of
confidence wero appreciated, and no
record is mado that such a trust ovor
was abused by tho Indians, whatever
may liavo been thoir previous senti
ments. Tho Cascades in summer was a fam
ous rosort of many tribes, and each
seemed willing to mako willing to mako
troublo to whoover passed up or down.
There nnd at Tho Dalles thoy attempted
tocxncttributa.nnd tho fur company as
earnestly determined not to pay it, or
by enrnost concession allow tho Indians
to havo a right to supremacy. About
1818 tho Dalles Indians made a great
effort to establish n pormanont tribute.
When attempting to go up tho river on
tho way to tho various upper Columbin
stations, that year thoy found n thous
and warriors gathered there to opposo
their passage. Tliero was a united
effort among tho tribes, both on tho
Willamette and the Columbia, to exact
tribute. They had great respect for
McKenzie, who commanded tho If. I).
Co's forces. His manner pleased them,
and ho succeeded whore others failed.
It was tho most prudont front and cour
ageous management that they succeed
od in making Tho Dalles portago and
launching their boats nbovo it. Thous
ands of warriors surrounded them.
Three leaders wero stationed to givo
the rest tho signal for attack at the up
per landing. McKenzio sardonically
gave these threo ft stone on which to
OREGON, FRIDAY,
whet their arrow points, nn net that
showed his fearless contempt. Ho kept
two-thirds of his forco with, guns
in hnnd on guard, nnd n loaded cannon
wns pointed nt tho throng 'of eavngos
from ono of tho battcnux.
They succeeded in making tho port
ago nnd leaving tho Dalle.-, as thoy
thought, by tho kind interposition of
providence. Our fur hunters wero de
vout nnd God fearing men, often. As
they proceeded up tho Columbia they
saw throngs of waniorH iu war paint
passing down tho river trail, and wero
thankful that thoy mado thoir cscapo
beforo all tho malcontents had reached
there. They owed much to a friendly
Cascado Indian ono of tho chief men
there who accompanied them nnd who
went homo in n now suit of English
clothes ns a reward for his courage,
fidelity nnd skill ns an interpreter, for
he succeeded in explaining whntovor
wns not understood.
Knapp BurroU & Company.
Tno death of Mr. M. S. Uurrell mado
necessary hoinu changes in the linn and
business of tho houso ho had so long
been prominently associated with, which
is tho oldest iu this legion and perhaps
on the Pacific ns dealers in farm ma
chinery, implements nnd hardware. Tho
business wnssoextonsiyothathis health
was impaired trying to' conduct it. Mr.
Wallace was :i trusted friend, ns well as
assistant, nnd there wns n sou who bad
already taken a part iu tho business. In
his last illness Mr. Uurrell planed tho
succession of his interest. Mr. Ivnnpp
was willing and glad to hnro the ini
mono responsibilities. Tho result is tho
formation of nn corporation that con
tinues tho eld nnd honored name nnd is
prepared to conduct tho business with
even a greater range of goods. At their
Portland wnrohou-o nnd their branoh
establishments organized at Walla
Wnlln, Colfax and Choney. IJesides thoy
will havo agencies iu other stirring
towns F.nst and West of tho mountains.
Tho now company issued this month
its annual catalogue, which is a hand
somo pamphlet of 121 pnges ns well
printed ns any similar woik wo havo
ever hceu. It gives tho full range of
thoir various lines of goods mid prico
list to suit tho time..
Kvory voter should know tho men ho
is to vote fur well enough to bo sure
they will not betray him and tho inter
ests they have professed. Too much
speculation has found its way into pol
itics and wo elect men to ofiico who sell
out to tho highest bidder very often.
Thcio an- plenty of sound mid reliablo
men iu Oregon nnd wo do not need to
tuko any chances in tilling our olllces.
If a political cabal exists that puts up
its favorites, why, just vote for the othor
man. Try to kill off rings and bossos.
Don't stop to figure too much about
party, but figure all tho timo about mon.
If each party puts up its best men we
shall bo safe. Compromising with sin
is political principle The party man
ager sees how to catch tho whisky vote
and insists on men to do it with. Voto
such a man back to obscurity. From
constablo to governor voto for good inou
and only good men.
Tho Itopublican Stnto convention
concluded its labors at Portland too Into
for us to have tho complete tickot.
F. 0. Itakor was nominated for State
Printer and Judge II, 1. lioiso was re
nominated Circuit Judge for this dis
trict. Dluo vitrol ut Port's.
Ayer's Cathartic Pills aro tho host
that can bo employed to correct irregu
larities of tho stomach and bowels, Gen
tle, yot thorough in their action, thoy
euro constipation, stitnulato tho uppe
tito and digestive organs, and strength
en tho system.
A seedling apple treo which has suc
cessfully weathered tho recent severe
winters would bo an excellent subject
for top-working into somo finer varioty,
It is becoming a quostion whether o
shall not have to go back to this method
for obtaining good apples. ,
MAY 7, 1886.
orrcfymultKts.
To Amend tho aamo Lawn.
S.u.km, Or., April, 2S, 1880.
Elitor Wdlnmotto F.irmcrt
The farmers of Prospect Hill, nnd
vicinity held n meeting nt tho school
house Inst Saturday evening for tho pur
poso of taking somo action looking to
tho amendment or ropcnl of tho present
game law in tho interest of the farmors
of this Stntc.
Tho meeting wns organized by tho
election of W. W. Culver, Chairman ;
J. W. Jory, Secretary.
Tho gnmo law was then rend and free
ly discussed nnd criticised, when, in
order to bring out moro fully the sen
timents of tho meeting, a resolution was
introduced, which after u full discussion
mid soveral amendments was passed un
animously ns follows:
Wiikukas: Tho Legislature of this
State, at its session in 18S2, passed nn
Act for. tho Protection of Game and
Fish, which net became a law by tho
nppiovnl of tho Governor Octobor 20,
18S2, and
Wiikiikas, The said law iu many of
it- provisions is burdensome and unjust
to the farmers of this State, entailing
on them annually thousands of dollars
expense without any com)Mnsation, mak
ing their fields tho common pasture of
the game claimed, but unjustly by tho
State- denying to them the light of
protecting their grainlields from the en
croachments of the game eutimcrated
iu tho law subjecting them to anest
and lino or imprisonment for exercis
ing the inaloniablo r.ght of self-protection.
Forbidding them at limes when
they have leisure from hunting the
game reared on their own premises and
turning looso n hoard of irresponsible
persons to roam through tho Holds with
dogs and gun, when the farmer, who has
fed and reared the game is too busy
with his hnrvest to obtain any of tho
benefits of the law or oven to protect
his premises from pilfering trespassers,
nnd
Wiikiu:ah, Tho said law prohibits any
ono from trapping game nt any time
thereby excluding the little children
those who nro too Miiall to use a gun
fnini participating iu tho iiloasurts or
profits of taking game, making it it mis
demeanor punishable by a Hue of from
ten to three hundred dollars, or impris
onment or both, for n child to take n
t-iuglo quail egg from tho nest, or to
catch a trout from tho brook on his own
fathers fill in, mid
W'nciiKAS, Tho law fuitlior piovidos
that one-half of all tho money eileiied
for fines for violation ot the pioiions
of tho act shall bo piid toinformnis mid
one-half to the district attorney in the
In the county iu which the ca-u is pros
ecuted, h tout the State derives no ben
etlt whatever from the law, and
Wiii:iu:ah, Certain societies Myliug
themselves "Hod and Gun Clubs," (the
members ot winch are generally irres
pousiblo non-producers) are boiug form
ed for tho purixMo of protecting (7) the
aforesaid obnoxious laws. Therefore bo it
Itesolvod, That wo, the farmers of
Prospect Hill and vicinity, earnestly
protest ngniust the injustice of said law.
Itosolved, That we form ourselves
into a hocioty for self protection,
Hesolved, That wo will not permit
nny member of any "rod and gun club"
to limit or otherwise trespass on the
promises of any member of this society
at any time, until the unjust law is
repealed.
Jlesolvcd, That wo invito the co-operation
of tho farmers of this State to the
end that our legislators may understand
the wishes of the producing class at
whoso expense tho game is kept,
Uenolvcd. That a copy of these reso
lutions be furnished the Salem papers
for publication, also that a copy be
spread on the minutes of this mooting.
A committeo of threo consisting of
J. P.'I.obertson, Win. Murphy, and J. W.
Jory was appointed to draft Constitution
nnd Dy-Iuws for permanent organization
nnd report at tho next meeting which
will bo held nt 8 o'clock Saturduy even
ing, May Sth. J. V. Joky,
Secretary.
Weather Report (or April, 1886.
I.OUV, Muy 1, 1880.
Kditor Willametto Farmer:
During April, 1880, there wcro
11 days during which rain foil, an
aggregate of ii. 17 in. of wator, there woro
NO. 13,
ft clcor, 8 fair and fl cloudy days, other
than those on which rain fell.
The mean tenipcnituro for tho month
was -18.0:1 deg.
Highest daily mean temperature for
tho mouth, ftS deg. on tho 25th.
Lowest daily mean temperature for tho
mouth, 12 deg. on tho 12th.
Mean tcincntturo for tho month nt
2 o'clock i si., C0.87 deg.
Highest temperature for tho mouth, (ID
nt 2 v. m. on tho 20th.
lowest temperature for tho month, !lfi
deg. nt 7 A. ii. on tho 10th.
Frosts occurred on tho Wlh, 22rt 27th.
Tho prevailing winds for tho month
wero from tho southwest during Wdays,
south (I days, north II days.
During April, 1883, there wcro
f) rainy days, and I.JID in. of water, 17
clear, !l fair nnd ii cloudy days.
Mean temperature for the mouth,
i2.:0 deg.
Highest daily mean tomporaturo for
the month, (I I deg., on tho 27th.
Lowest daily mean temperature for
the month !I8 deg. on 18th.
T. I'kaiick.
From tits Hod Hills.
F. i it Viiiw, April 2ft, 1880.
1-Mltor Willnmottu I'Vumuri
After tho nice little April showcra wo
are having bright sunshiny days again
iu all their lovliuess. We can almost
see tho grasses growing. The fruit troos
aro in bloom and all nature tooms to bo
rejoicing. Our school prcsidod ovor by'
Miss Minnie Frickey is ably conducted
mid the health of our hilly is very good.
The game law must have lost its forco
as tho Miiind of shot gun and rilln can
he heard almost any ono of the soven
days. Sow: Mouk.
(loo. Starrett's Wnlln Walla gnrdon,
llowcr, grass, tree, nnd hedgo scods nro
pre-eminently tho liest for this section.
A Kiut not often thought of, but which
is important to tho planter, is that seeds
grown in a northern climate havo more
vigor, and more certain to produce u
crop, and mature eatlicr than thoso
raised further south ; this, only an opin
ion nt first by Homo leading agriculturist,
bus of iccenl years been thoroughly ch
tabli-hed as n fact, mid acknowledged
now as the rule iu all classes of seeds.
Mr. Starred gitiir.mtei-s hut all vegotn
bio Kceds t-old be him in.- fresh and true
to name, mid gmwii from tho choicest
Hi'lection of vegetables.
I i Salem these seeds aro sold by
Squuo Knrriir & Co., (Culler fc Sons, Jno.
Hughes. UYIIor Uros., (loth it Itupp,
W. L. Wade. Al. Iluckinglinm, Gilbert
A Patieri-ou, and J. M. Martin & Co.
John G Wright is the gouoral ugont
for western Oregon nnd Washington
territory ; and full dealers should ml
dress him for supplies. Ho retails them
at his pioneer grocery store, iu Salem.
Sick Headache.
Wo have testod its virtues, personally,
and know that for Dyspepsia, liilious
noss and Throbbing Headache, it is the
best medicine the world over saw. We
tried forty other remedies boforo Sim
mens Liver Regulator, but none of thorn
gave us more than temporary relief; the
Regulator not only relieved, but cured
us. Kd, Telegraph and Messenger, Mn
con, On.
Klsowhoro appears the advertisement
of Mrs. C. S. Itockuulield, Salem's pop
ular llorist, who offers collections of
ixittcd plants that nro Ixith rare and
beautiful. The prices asked nro very
rcatouahlo and our lady friends can rest
assured that they will receive good treat
ment at her hands- Let lho.io who de
sire such plants apply at once, or what
is better, call in person and nee them.
That carbolic do;, soap at Port's is
splendid for skin diseases in nil animals.
Heppner Oazetto la Hot a Claml
Neither is it n mountain oyster; but
it is a wordly paper scribbled up in plain
U. S. language and printed on ti sweat
power press in a part of ('.astern Oregon
where couls and cords of vacant govern
ment and railroad laud still lies out
doors. It never stolo hogs, but it
is somtlmos borrowed by tho neighbors.
Sample copy with description of the
lienpnorJUiucountry.lUconts in stamps.
No discount to bummers, it never sucks
eggs. Auuress, J. V. ltUington, ttopp-
nor, Oregon.. . ,