vmibAMETTK FAJRMER: iSALEM, UliEGON, APRIL 30. lG
Mr I uKrvZmcMBmrn&SSm lot)
SgB5W$
5SJ
itrucd every Week by the
TV TEIIM8 Or BUBSCKIlTtONi
On year, (Postage paid), in adranco...., ,,.t 2.00
llz months, (Fostago paid), In adrancu... 1.2S
M thn ilz month) will be, per month S5
ADVER8I8INQ HATES I
Adrtrtlscmenta will be Inserted, providing tn are
pvcutuiOa Mb uiv luijumugc iuie ui ravcv 1
One Inch ofipacs-Mr month t 2.60
three Inchee of spacopcr monUi.,.. 00
ms-nau column per monin.. id.ou
On column per month 80.00
V9J9amplo copies tent free on application.
of a business, is conducted mom on
scientific principle.nn d i.s moic retnunern
tivo. Not only so, but it is ploasant to
rend, as wo do, Hint Oregon "gilt-edged
frcsn-rolls" commanded a better prico
tlinn the choicest sent either from Cali
fornia or from Iown.
fflrJic Suiarih
THE SEASON.
rmn nMrni"n jiAvnr.Koi'NnoN
Ml? PUPPK KII.KAT i:t. 1'
JlUVJ:tTj At CO'H
IVewapaper AilvertlslriR Jlureaii(10HI'ltUcn
HTIir.KT), WIIKKIS AV
VKHTISINO ONTItACTS
uny uu tnmlu for it in
NEW YORK.
ATTEHT10H, OUBSCRIDEnSt
Willi this Isauo wo hnvo corrected our
mulling lislH, and if onch ono will take n
look nt tho printed address tag on their
pnpor they will poo just how thoy stand,
and if any one limit ho linn not received
proper credit lot him address us nt onco
and wo will cot reel tho orror.
PIciiro nltcnd to this ut once. And,
ugnin, if anyone owes us wo would ap
preciate it if they would pay up nt once,
an wo need nionoy very much.
DAIKYIHU.
For nil tho discouragements tlmt at
(ended somo who tried dairying Inst
year wo foul mira tlmt considerable pro
gress was mndo towiudn n better r.yelom
of dairy wotk, mid tlmt our homo pro
duct stands better in our own markets
than over before. Butler making for
immediate home use is one tiling, mid
good butter for HhipmoiitH lo market is
nuothor. Wo eat the fresh churning
from xpring pastilles with u keen ap
preciation of tho gracs flavor that is to
apparent, yet the name butler, if taken
to ninrknl as it i, to ho retailed to cily
trade, will have hint that freshness and
llnvor wo enjoyed and will become Hat or
rancid in a few warm dayiMinlen its sub
jected tomoiu perfect and more thoinugh
preparations. 'I'akeu from the churn,
you do nut ore if the biitlor-nillk is not
woikod completely; you (Id not notieo
what i'.iiii and air soon detcel, and
naliiro noon expose tliat this butter
was from cream a little old pci-hap, and
certainly not from a scientific creamery.
Theie uecdn to be but tho least lack of
euro for natuio'n detection to llud it out
and expose the fact in a taint that wo
did not notice when wo prabod tho
grassy frngrauco of the new churning.
Tho most careful boiu-unife cannot,
willi nil the caioMio is capable of, do
perfect work. It is (Imply inipoHsihle
for her to cpial to work of n creamer
that take the milk, fresh from the cow,
and while yet warm separates the cream,
ready for churning. It is done by giving
a bwift, rotary motion (o a large can,
that contains tho fresh milking. Cream
rinain any case, mid is skimmed oil' by
tho old process, but by tho new it risen
as tho milk revolves and comes up on
(ho Insido edge ol tho cm that contains
it, to llud its way out of the can by a
Holies of small holes, along the sides,
but considerably above the milk level. By
ibis simple process which is perfectly
olTeotivo- the mum is separated while
(ho milk is yet fresh and ontirely sweet
and pure. All tho nit a perfect house
wife is capable of cannot cipinl this
mechanical etl'oct. Her butter cannot
compote in the market with this, from a
great creamery that piovides every
possible appliance to insure cleanliness
and perfection ; that converts the new
milk into butter and makes it so scien
tifically pure that ii will keep sweet to
tho taste uheio the host butter (he old
process can turn olT will spoil.
Mr. d. B. k'unpp, of roitland. who
has a dairy farm on the Columbia,
mentioned the cioamery wo hnvo in
mind, lately, in bis article on butter
making. 11 ecoms ho is agent for its
sale and having used it himself can
speak positively of its ellloionoy. The
management of such eie.mer roiiuiroa
a large supply of milk and can be best
carried oa whore u noigburliuod com
bines to create a milk supply. We must
como to eo-opemtton m order to m-hteo
tho bot results. To insure perfect dairy
work it is necessary to oarry it on e.ton-
xivcly mid under n aystoin that is in
nrinble. Wo l;uw of good butter
makers who find ttieh reward in tho
business by supplying buttor to regular
customers at a fixed price. They lme
choice cows and make golden butter
ami their brand U desired. This U done
overywheio and it is not necessary that
the partiiM shall live close to towns to
hnvo regular customers. Sometimes
parties in Tillamook ship to Portland
by bteam sloops 5 or from dairy farms on
tho Columbia, or from stations a hundred
miles away, along Ihe railroad, they ship
It would hardly bo possible to suggest
n moio favornblo season than wo have
had for farming operations during the
present spring. Tho wonthcr hns been
varied enough to furnish sunihino and
showers, and not too much of cither,
for tho good of nil growing crops. Tho
season is moro than usunlly backward
and lato'in como respects, but wo hnvo
passed into n timo of cool north winds
and sunshine without any frost to threat
en garden or orchard. Tho fruit trees
arc passing out of bloom into fruitage,
and tlicro is roasou to anticipate the
largost and finest yield of fruit possible
at n timo when our market is increasing
along tho mining districts ou tho rail
ways Hint connect us with tho East,
bast spring was unfavorable to "Willam-
otto wheat fiolds and tho uvorago yiold
was only about ono-liait ol wlint wo
tiEiinlly harvest. This shortage, coin
ing when prices were so low, left us
minus about two millions of dollars from
what wo had reason to expect and mado
harder times than Western Oregon has
over known.
So far ns appearances now go, wo
may expect a good hnrvost of small
grains nnd n good season for all crops.
Times nro brightening from anticipa
tion, if not from actual realization. The
wool clip is certnin to bo lnrgo nnd the
staple good, ns tho lleeco hns had no
severe weather to wcakon tho evenness
of tho fibor. ICast of the Cascades there
has been siWIicicut rainfall to bring for
ward all crops nnd thepiopcct is thnt
the harvest will bo as good, if not even
greater than in IhS-'i, when they had
immuiiHo yields the country over.
Thcro has been but Utile loss on tho
raiigcs,aud cat tlo nro now thriving on the
new grass. Immigrants who cnino to our
country, see thnt wo possess in oliinnte
and M)il all that has been claimed and
send luck word that is encouraging to
others who are looking towards tho Pa
cific. The only reason why wo am not
prosperous is bomuso nil tho world
is suffering depression of trado and
reduction of value". ' Immigration is
very light from tho fact that even at
recent low cost of transportation,
the formers in Xebrnsk.i, Kansas or
Minnesota cannot sell out thcro
to movo here. Some who have done so,
tiro satisfied with Oregon mid prefer it
to California.
DEE NOTES FOR APRIL.
11V K. V. C'HAHK.
Crop Review.
Ciiioaoo, April 2fi. -The Farmers'
Review will print the following crop re
view, onsen on us lcturus iroiu us cor
respondents, up to Inst night :
Tho weather has been exceptionally
favorablo during tho past ten days for
spring wheat heeding, and has been im
proved to tho utmost in Wit-cousin, Iowa,
Nebraska, Minnesota and Dakota. Fully
one-half to two-thirds of tho entire
acreage in Dakota mid Minnesota lias
already been seeded, mid under con
ditions which could hardly hao been
excelled. Seeding is progressing favor
ably in Wisconsin and Iown, but in
Nebraska complaints of wet weather
still continue, nnd considerable land
which would otherwise have been do
voted to wheat, has gone (o lias and
oath. While these toports nro not yet
complete, tho indications nro for a
slightly decreased acreage in Wbeonin
and Minnesota, nnd a considerable in
crease in Dakota.
The reports from (ho wintei wheat
States show little vniiatiou from those
of tho previous two weeks. The Kansas
bulletins do not indicate any improve
ment. The outlook at the beat is (hat
the yield will not exceed one-third (o
one-half of an nverageciop. In Dickin
son and other counties the failure is
almost total, and the fields have been
plowed under nnd dovotcd (o ont and
other grntus. Tho renoits from Michi
gan nUuMiow very little or any improve
ment. The prospects mo for from liflo
Purchasing Bees.
When ono contemplates engaging in
n business cntorpriso of any kind ono of
tho first things to do to insuro success
is to know how, when nnd whoro to
purchnso tho stock neccssnry for a be
ginning. As n mistnko in this matter
may causo vexntious loss nnd much dis
appointment it is well lo givo to be
ginners in bco culture n few suggestions.
It may bo laid down ns n rule that to
insuro tho best results a judicious ox
pendituro of money is indisponsablo in
tho beginning. Pains hns been taken
in theso essays to point out tho
peculiarities of tho diireront rncos of
boos, nnd indlcnto tho best npplinnccs
nnd I hero ropeat that poor or indilfcr-
ont stock is not chonp nt any price and
requires just ns cxponsivo nn outfit ns a
colony woi lb ten times ns much. Ono
colony of Itnlinns, well fixed, will pro
duce four fold moro tluiti the best colony
of blacks, nnd tho latter will bo infinilo
ly bettor than a colony of blncks with a
poor queon, i.e., either an old queen or
ono thnt is not prolific. Theroforo. tho
bec-mnn who points with piido to his
numerous stocks, is not to well oil' ns
his neighbor who owns one-fourth ns
runny, unloss in his stocks quality ns
iveil ns quantity is considered ; in other
words ono first-class colony in a first
class hivo is far hotter proporty to own
nnd will yiold moro profit than four
poor or indifferent ones, and will not
cost so much- Persons aro often dctor-
aedf'Oiu purchasing nico hives on ac
count of the oxpenso, thinking thnt ns
they own ten, fifteen, or moro stocks
they cannot afford to buy for nil. Such
persons would much better expand the
money they enn spare nnd perfectly lit
up n portion of them nnd let tho lost
no, than to helf-way furnish (ho whole
lot.
A good colony of Itnlinus put up on
full frames of wired foundation sixty
pound boxes with inch stnrtcrs and tin
or wooden roporators complete, is cheap
nt fifteen dollars. Thoy will moro (linn
pay for (hoinsolvcs in ono season. A
colony of blacks, with a queen not over
a year old, and tho snmo fixtures is
cheaper at ten dollars than tho snmo in
a box hivo nt fhreo dollars, for if tho
bees can bo bought nt the latter llguro,
lo put thorn in a good hive would cost
another dollar, hivo iivo dollars; total,
nlno dollars. You have in this case
bees on old crooked comln without
wires, probably containing foul brood or
moth eggs, mnybo both; pcrhnpj tho
queon i' old. Tho man is lucky who
can gel u half crop of honey from them
tho first season.
An npiarist who makes a business of
raising bees is not likely to propagato
poor stock, ovon if ho raises only blacks
his self interest will inducohim to breed
only from his best queons. A hive pur
chased from him is worth far moic than
a dollar, moro than ono picked up Imp
hnznrd, and transferred into tho now
hive. It docs not holp tho mnttor to
purehnso a new swarm for with this, ho
always gots nu old queen; hotter buy tho
hive from which tho swarm hns just
issued and get a young queen.
Of course tlieso remarks will havo no
(.fleet on thoso who persist in thinking
cunt nny Kimi oi n box is gooti enough for
bees; turn loiuulnlion, surplus Iwxosnnd
separators are all humbugs, and only de
vices to pull money out of tho pockets
of tho gullible.
is with duo deference to his opinions
thnt I spenk them out. Speaking of the
dillcrcnt races of boes ho says "tho Kal
ians nrc it very pretty beo nnd gcnornlly
moro quiot than tho Blncks, although
when they do point thoir weapons
toward nn enemy they menu business, I
tell you. On tho whole, though, they
though, they nro more pleasant to
hnndlo than tho black boes. But rqnlly
whnt wo want of tho bco is honey, is it
not? nnd if they gathered no honoy,
they would bo of no moro value than
tho common houso fly. So tho bees
thnt givo us the most honey aro tho bees
wo wnnt. I hnvo had somo very nice
Itnlinns, but never saw ono of thorn get
honey out of tho common red clover,
but the nlsilco which is of n light rod
tint, is frequented by both tho Itnlinns
nnd Blncks, nnd with us tho yield of
honoy ss nearly or auitc two to ono in
favor of tho black beo. Mv host Blacks
mndo 1C0 pounds of comb honoy which
I took nwny (surplus) and tho Italians
eighty poiim', nnd this nilo held good
through tho i.,iary. Bo '-who shall do
cido when doctoi-disagree."
I did onco think tho Italians superior
but that was when I contemplated rear
ing queens for sale. Sinco I did not do
so tho difibrenco if nny is on tho other
side. Excuse, mo friend Chase, but it
is a fnct, nnd I wero to renr queens, I
would breed from tho best hcos regard
loss of color or name. Ilomcmbor that
tho Italians hnvo been bred up nnd tho
Blncks let to run down. Who clso has
tried tho difl'ercnt races of bees nlono for
honey, sido by side. I would liko to
hear from you. I'orhnps in my case the
locality nmkes this wido difibrenco of
opinion, or experience. Let us henr
from other localities, where bees nro
rniseil for honey alone. Tho ndvlco in
rognnl to hives is good, but no ono must
oxpect tho hivo to mnko tho honey, it is
getting tho boes whero thoy can bo
liamllod to the best advantage that
brings success to beekeepers. I think I
can get a littlo nhead of the quotation
from Olcinings. From sixty-thrco
colonics in tliu spring, I look 7,200
pounds of honoy nearly all comb nn
nvcrngo of 112 pounds por colony (hero
wero a fow swarms (hat made but littlo
which luought the nvcrogo down below
whero it would othenvijo have been,
and had 1 run for extracted honey the
average would hnvo been much greater.
I uso the simplicity hive. Most certainly
our maiketa will bo supplied with Oregon
honey and nut only thnt but every far
mer can supply tho household with (ho
purest sweet, without buying sugar. All
kind of fruit may bo put up in honey
owed, prcficrved'and jellied, if tho honey
is nice, nnd tho llavor will bo fine.
Honey can bo used in pie, and cake
mitkeitig nlso, try it. Ments cured whero
sugar is used is bettered by uteing good
honoy, try it. E. S. Biiooks.
W. J. HERRE5M,
Wool and Grain Broker I
SALEM, OREGON.
lilt. 1IEURKN announce! (hit ho II prepared o
pay the hlghtit market price In CASH for
WOOL AND GRAIN.
OHIco ullh Johnson, I.unn A Co , No. 135 Commtrchl
Street, Silcm, Oreton.
T3. Moot and firnlit ling for Snlr.
Agriculura! Drain Tile I
THE OltKUON POTTERY Co.,
. MANLTACTl'ltEUS OF
Drain Tile, Chimney Pipe, etc.
OUR DRAIN TH.S AUK MADE OF FIRECLAY
and burnctl liinl They aro orv toujrh and
notcaMlj brjkin. Thoy cin bo hiulcJ or ehlppcil
with littlo or noloM, an'l aro mprlort any other
In thte criuntrv. The firmer cn nut afMrd to me
Inferior tile. 1'n lmt l relhblo anil ptrmant, 9) It
ii tho cheap it in the end.
t". Office and yardi, corner Fifth and I) itroct",
l'orilanJ, Ortg n.
firml for Price Llf.
JOHN KNIGHT,
Blacksmithing and Horse
Shoeing. MAVI.NO ril'KXED AT MV NEW CHARTERS,
Vo. SOG Commercial street, I am prepared to
klmWof rcmirlng All old patron aro Invited
to mil and 1 ulllplto their work my but care and
attention, tar I Miihc Hperlully of none
Htinelnir, myltf
Airent for the IkuiiMlIc, llomcliolil, Mlilfc,
ntul Anirrlrnn ttwlnir Mihine. till, Needier,
and Attachment! ami Machine parte for all machine!.
Machines rcpalrcl and wai ranted. Cmio or lend for
particulars. talUhctlen iruaratitccd. tn.ltf
S-1
.
,UTCr.'V
n i-or.
flii
ra
'3
ZV .. " M !'triaBlrarlMi.
"
V.WCtSiCP
s -s-;rZcca Gjcfcro quels
FARM, cAiny akdmil mrhihery, If
Kg Euu'
3 . -
' use, CcK'nz, Olle, aid - -
Mul Ino Ciipplir, oi all kiacU. ;
tfP no:
son eio,ai:K03H rnos. . -tcsT.c"
poutland, oncaoN ?.:
iiiUitiixiiTuiuirriaitiii(i2iiiitii
Oi
A FRIENDLY WORD
W ikt cent, of nn average mop in tho I10,ullls iUri)ai Mr,y cou,i,, ,wr,iv
ditlerent eouutie. iteiiorts of damage . . , ,:. .. . . ".
from the HesMiui lly come fiom ihivc tmctcd. 1 hi one tday won lurci
c0'ul.uly. Dairying is Ixvoiuitii inoa J
Miehiuiui counties, and from llonuoke
county, in Indiana, but the injury re
l:ted thus far i uot neriou. Tho
generality of the tuporU from Indiana
and Ohio lire ery favornblo, while the
reports from Misi-ouri and Temiekseo
cuntinue vory battering, l'lie weather
of the past two weeks litis been extremely
fiitionible. With the exception of one
county in Kentucky. Johnson, whero
there is tho iromuo of not to exceed
half a crop, the rotunih continue very
f orable.
The Bepublicun State Convention has
met in Portland and nominated the
following Congress, Dinger Hermann;
Supremo Judge, John B. Waldo; tiovor
nor, T. B. Cornelius; Secretary of State,
Gih). W. McUrido; Ticahiuer, II. I..
Mansion; Supt. I'ublie Iiibtruction. V..
B. MeKlroy.
Full weight oidl'7 iiun tiers nt Toit
k ioi'i drtij etore, 100 Stuto street
April -.), and the llrt bwarm of the
be.iton. It wm a roiiser! It econied
hardly poiblo to put till in tho
hivo ; full Italian queen one year
old; but not purely mated; bees
eitow some common moon, nut wero
quiet and good natnrcd. bast year jut
about this time 1 had a wnrm of Itiili-
uti come olT which gnvo n hundred
ox-
ed on
full franiw of wired foiiudntiou and pro
pose t" place upon them immediately
sevonty-two pound action bo.os with
inch btartor. They will certainly fill
thorn till this summer, and yield tome
extracted honey beside?, and still havo
enough lo winter on. V will see and
report. Black bees show no signs of
swarming as yet behind as usual.
U.Mlrma vt. BUcKs.
Sii.vf.hton, Or., April 1'J. 18S0.
luhtcr Willainetto Farmer
As a reader of your vnluablo pajier 1
wish to say that i appreciate the otTorts
of K. Y. Chase lo interest and instruct
those who are interested in beo culture,
and I havo learned to look for the "Beo
Notes'," etc., which upiwar from time to
timo in the columns of the Farmer.
If m ideas contlict on sonic points it
In these hard timos wo cannot afford
(o loso a name oil' our list and do not
wish to annoy subscribers by demands
for pay, but tho plain truth is that back
dues on our list now amount lo thous
ands of dollars and wo cannot do without
it.
Au easy way to pay dues and ono too,
that will greatly lnmctit us and cost you
nothing, is to get four now nams at
1.C0 each and get your own frco ns a
promiumiud wo aim to mnko advertisers
pay as much as wo can towards expenses
and so reduco tho prico of subscription.
you can do us a favor whiloyou earn
your paper free. So, if you will try tD
get four now mimes a club of four
write nnd tell us and you can send
names as you get them Wo will keep
the account.
Xo man, woman, boy or girl oven, but
can get four now names at Sl.ftU each.
right in their own neighborhood. You
will bo surprised to soo how c.iy it can
lo done.
Try it and you will oblige the Wn.
i.AMErrr. Fauml's.
A number who hnvo gotton tu clubs
tay thoy wea surprised to find it m easy
to got subscribers at club rates.
Tho HUYicrts' auioi: u
Issued March mill Still,,
Lrncliyrnr. r-UNO pages,
by.xliy. liiclics.AvHUovcr
'3.0OO Illustrations a
Mltnlo IMctitro Gallcrr.
OIVKS -VIioIciaIo I'rlcca
illrret lo rntuumrr.i an nil ponile fur
persona, or family ic. Tells Iimv to
onlcr, i. nil (tlvcs exact cost ofcicry
tliliift; you use, cat, ilrlnk, irrar, or
linc fun ivlllu Tliceo INVALUAIILi:
1IUUICS contain lufiirinatloit nlcanrd
front tlin nmrkcti of llm world. Wo
will mall n copy I'ltKL: to nuy ml
ilrcss upon receipt of lOcls. to dermy
rxpeuso of malllns;. fxit iu hear from
you. ltespcctfiilly,
MONTGOMERY WARD & CO.
U7 & Tilt V abrub A Yi-uue, CUicnao, U'
aGs for Hatching I
LANGSHANGS,
CJyinoutli ItocUsi, tint! Sin;
Comb Jnvni liCL'horn.
lo
AJdrtsi:
II.
IVttilo i'udding.-Five oggo, out
fourth pound of butter, tho juice and
rind of two lemons, ono pint of milk,
one cup of white sugar, and threo fair
sized potatoes. Boil tho potatoes until
thoroughly done, then inah through a
colandor with tho butler. Beat the
whites and the yolkes separately, and
stir tho yolkea in with tho butter and
potatoes Then add tho sugar, milk,
and tho juice and rind of the lemons.
Boat well together and lastly add the
whites of the eggs.
II. I'lTll IV, I'ro.ulelor
nroKiiiwiic rouitry tarui.
IlrowntWKe, Orrjon. (mirJCin
STRONG'S
SI A 0 RANT.
SERVES Tlin REST OF
WEALS for 25 CENTS !
D,r".'Vo?:lctrLt-r,?u'iTi?,,;tou',CaU'' ,'1"
O. P. TOMPKINS,
Commission & Purchasing
AGENT.
4 USIILITKLY -0 tllllMilN (lit 4 IMI-
J- hios mi 1. 1. in: (iiiiiui:ii you iill-
l(. OltllLll,
nmiLic
fitieet. i
lind, Orivou.
All kin Is ol rumhandlio Iwu.-ht
W
I icmiULic lionei for Cis'i onl OH'JCK: 107
irioueci, iai I)
I'reiiilc' V'u c Store) Tort
iltcltf
EGGS FOR HATCHING !
w
For general jobbing and repairing go
to 1. J. Armstrong A Co., at A. Kelly's
old stand on Commercial Mreot Wag
ons and btigjjtt's for sale at Kaslern
prices made by themselves
I'rom tintml l'rlio Mlnutim
Y ANDOTTES!
EMyiiiouth Rot'Ics,
Krowii liCjiIiorns,
,Siii"Ic t'oml) SJrowu
liOirhorn. and Pokln
fhii'Io.
.E:a3.a'oj5iJiTK,
.-ilnu Ore.-on.
!BE3BS
"viiS&QEJ
CHEPEKETE HOTEL I
IMiISOIis I5SIS I'raiirietoi-o.
SALEM, . . OREGON.
GivtKU.it hi.u:n ori'sri:. lre coch to
nd Irom ths hou.e. oj. tartiilr llooriK
for Cuiituieri-lnl Tratclrr.
FOR SALE
A Farm !u ZIowoM rrairic.
Containing ICO Acres
se iic.ni):f.h and twbxtv.five of wikb
r it nouer 1'iov; m uunet m timwr i
il'n;. so'Ckc and ii I k h'JUit. a t t ic.-onrv
tn rilinln.
yt -ulct.
t"r tl tear
Id -on;
A..l
"1 ,' Jr
- V.Oi'1
t!u