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WILLAMETTE FARMER: SALEM, OREGON, JANUARY 9, 1885.
:
nrv 1 . rvAcr..,
wWm.
4ivriv.''M
IB
isaiiea every Week by tho
rsritLAiuiTTi: FAinu:it itiimsiiimi co.
W TEllllS OF HUIISC1MTI0I..
One year, (I'otUme paid) In advanc I 2-g
Its month!, (Poataco paid), In advance.. l.
Lota than lit month) will tie, per month 26
ADVEKSISINO HATES !
AdTrtlwracnU will be- lnericd, providing tn are
aipecUblo, at tho follow ng Ublo of ratea t
Ona Inch of apace pr month... "
ghrea Incbea of apaco per montl w
no-half column per month "jw
On column per month 8U-W
WLSampla copies tent frco on application.
Publication Ofllco: No. 5 Washington Street Up
Kin, room) No. A ami M
trying to monopolizo everything in
thcro own craws. Tbo littlo snow birds
wcro too lively for them find managed
to pick up crumbs nnd dodgo nwny be
fore tho clumsy JJluo Jays could bolp
themselves. Selfish birds, liko selfish
humiins, nro very disngrccnblocrentures.
rANYONH 11KCKIVINO A COPY OF
THIS PAPER WILL CONSIDER IT AN
INVITATION TO SUHSCKIUK.
ANNOUNCEMENT.
Wolllnd tho WILLAMETTE rAltSIKIl to nny
new aubacrlbcra from dato unlll January 1, lSbO for i
IN CLUC3 OF TKN
Tlio FARMER coata only t J or 81.60 each and nn
extra copy to tho KclUrup of tho club. Try It.
IN CI.UIIS OK KIVK
Wo will aend tho FARMER (onojenr) forS.7fi,or
JI.7U turh.and an extra copy to Keller tip of club.
A FREE COPY.
Four New Subacid rial tl inch entitle! llio club
ra apr to a lopy ono ) car frco and will alo entitle each
new aubacrlbcr to tbo apcr until January 1, IsSC.
Bciidordcta In linincdlatcly and get lliomlvjiilogo
of our Krcat offer.
Hcml .Moniy liy .Uonry Ontrriii'KrnXi-ml
I.rllcr. Hull Xiiiiich nuif nl lw unit nl
our llmr.
Addrciu: WILLAMETTE FAllMER.Satcm, Or.
A IJKKIML OFFKK.
A "HAHD TIMES" OFFER-KEEP
YOUR MONEY AT HOME.
Anyone, whether ho or her arc now a iiiliicrlbcrnr
not to thla p-iper, can upin hcimIIiib oiif or imiro
.m:U' ul.crllrr gut the benefit of ourcluh ratta,
which l9I.DU.i Vi:tK. Tliat It to Wo will
hoihI twncoiilo. or moreff the Wiuauuth Ummi
In anv addrcx unon ncclnt of 81.f 0 cich Tho extra
aubtcrlhtra to In ivrona not iw tiKInc; the paper.
I'.uU'rn wctUlcaaroel J car and thl In only an
odiancoot tOccnti a jearour tholr rat'. and If wo
ha J B,(joo aubicrlhcri o could aflord to publish tliU
paper for that aum.
I.ct thcio bo liiimnllitowcihilono and thorough at
that. Tho Fakuku la andean bo wado inoromtful
lo ) oil, lino and all. Let no ono aav Paclt'.o Coiit
lira aro too MjU whim wo offer tho Waiaxmi:
I'.tioirii at audi a low rate.
Iiim't ilclii). Iiul iicl "I imir, eilblt offer will
only aland (,'wl fora ihort time ni.d llnb'o toriHl
at any timo.
Clillxot TKN roinpoaiHl of old and new aiiliacrllicra
ami ai-nt nt ono tlnir, FIFTEEN DOLLARS.
RENEWALS ahould bo atnt by Money Older, llTI
Ittcred Utter or 1'oatal Note.
Ir any oxk bad foretold that tbo mil
rond up tlie Columbia would bo blocked
for threo week nnd a Irnin would bo
blockaded for most of that time in n
locality romoto nnd hardly accessible, it
would liavo been received with many
doubts, but wo liavo bad n tasto of
gonuino winter and tbo banks- of tho
Columbia through tho mountains have
been impassable. In all tho surmises
concerning possibilities wo have never
had it suggested that such a contingency
was likely, but now that tho things liavo
occurred wo recognizo thnt any snow
accompanied by wind will liavo tbo
effect to till up tho cuts and overwhelm
tho road all along tho mountain side,
from lloostcr Hock to tbo Dalles. Wc aro
not nearly no sure of maintaining winter
communication with Eastern Oregon as
wo thought, wo wore.
18)6.
Tub way to enro for sheep in tbo
winter is to liuvu plenty of roots for them
to eat. They dont euro for dry hay and
aro dainty about o.itiug grain, but tut
nips fiult their fancy and they thrivo
well on them. Tho other day wo took a
sleigh ride out in tho hills and nearly
live mill's away wo passed tho house of
.Mr. It. O. Halley. Tbo snow and ico
covered tbo ground a foot or two foot
dcop, and very solid, but our friond
ItolM'rt- was out in tho garden digging
away tho snow down to bis turnips and
tho sheen wore to bo let into cat them.
Ho said it was wonderful how the tur
nips yielded. I To soon uncovered a
couple of bushels and tho sheep throve
on thein, frozen as they were. It wits
tlrV.' pursuit of turnips among dilliculties
when they had to bo dug through such
depth of snow and ice, but that it could
bo done showed how cuy it is to nmko
such roots availablo for tho uso of stock.
Every farmer with an aero of turnips is
well armed against some of the peril- of
winter.
It jh hardly possible that Mock has
not sulTored severely east of the moun
tains this winter, but it teems, as far as
reliable news can bo had, that the loss is
much less (linn has been reported. If
half the steel: is left alive stock men aro
in great good fortune.
Tin: ici: blockade on tho O. It. v. X.
(Jo.'s track idmvo the Cascades hinted
oxnolly threo.wceks, or at least that timo
was passed neioio trains count get
through. Wit cannot expect any groat
snow to fall, with wind to drift it, with
out lllliug up tho cuts and making that
road ImpasMiblo for many inikv. There
have been about three treasons in tho
piiet thirty when delays could not
lili0 been avoided if a load had been
COIIetlUCled.
Tills winter is certain to justify all we
have over said in favor oj raising cattle
and piodueing excellent meals for city
markets. After this storm all tho beef
and mutton will bo very poor unless
kept up and cated for and to-day good
meat will bring nu extra price. All
meats will certainly be high and
tlioso who can turn oil' beeves or choice
mutton sheep will be very richly reward
ed. Tho fact is more nnd cettain that
grass is to Ih the prolltablocrop in tho
nenr future and for all time afterwards,
in this valley. Tbo man who follows
mixed farming and is careful to "mix"
in good beove t.vr as a regular thing,
will II ml his account iiuo doing. Choice
mutton sheep will also pay well. We
mean that tho regular mutton breeds
will bo appointed as better meat than
ordinary common grades nnd tho men
.who have enterprise enough to possess
them will get prices to compensate them
for their trouble.
anaaaaaaiaaaiM
Dnusu Tin: i..vti: snow stokm the
birds of the forest sulYered and many
died, but they who Uvame domestica
ted around tho homes of fauns generally
found food given to them and wintered
nicely. The littlo fellows Ui'iuno quite
tamo and domesticated in somo instances.
Out in the hills and on tho Hantiam
lottoiu tho littlo "Hob White" quails
grew very tame. Tho Mongolian
pheasants, brought from China, were
also said to bo very easily tamed and
very hnrdy. Some quails wore found
dead but those Asiatic game birds
wintered in lively shape. Hero in town
wo liud birds to feet! around every house
midmost people took pleasure in caring
for them. Tho voracious lHuo Jays
woro selfishly driving others nwny nnd
Tnnoi'oii Tin: Yakima county and in
tlu liig lieiul of tho Columbia, and nil
north of Hntiko river, tho soverity of
winter is felt more acutaly than in
Middle and Southern Oregon. Cuttle,
with their split hoofs, nro uuablo to paw
away tho snow as sheep and horses enn
and suffer gieat loss. Wo have seen
wherein a ravine near Ulnlock tho bones
of huudreds of sheep nro actually piled
up. Tho poor creatures huddled together
and died in grent numbers. This snow
seems to have extended through all tho
region in Oregon and Washington cast
of tbo Cascades and it is very possible
that two-thirds of all stock there hns
perished. There will bo many poor men
to begin life anew. The ten millions of
pounds of wool expected will bo sadly
lessoned in bulk and beef cattle will lo
scarce (ur actual nomo consumption.
While many persons will lo.-o heavily
the railro.tds will also lo great lossers
as there will bo so much less wool and
stock for them to transport to market
next season.
Tlin rAClFIO STATES AT NEW ORLEANS.
Tho a. F. Chronicle gives corre
spondence relating to tho exhibit made
by California at tho World's Fair at New
Orleans. Tho principal interest attaches
to fruits and vegetables, in which that
rftnto excels greatly. The exhibit in
cludes a --- pound squash from Sonoma.
Tho exhibit of fiuils is very remarkablo
and effort will bo made to teplenish it
eery few weeks so as to maintain its
freshness. Uosides fruits hi gteat variety
and ot remarkable size, they had tons of
honey, in tho comb and extracted. Tho
claim is made that live southern
counties produce 1,0,000 tons a year.
Tho newly btarted silk industry hns an
interesting exhibit. Tho lirangcrs of
California have gathered many valuable
articles, so have the officials of tho
Central l'aeillo railroad. Tho cotro
spondeneo concludes as follows
Tho Oregon oxhibit is unassuming,
and yet n good one. It is almost entirely
agricultural, and is confined to staples
and orchard products. Nevada makes a
magnificent display of rare minerals,
precious ores and mining views, ami
will stake her agricultural reputation on
a consignment of sagebrush potatoes
that is exiKvted next week. Next to
Colorado, New Mexico makes tho greatest
pretensions. Arizona has a secluded
comer back of tho California location.
She, too, makes a fair display of hor
mining resources, with oro and rock
from tho Tombstone, Silver King nnd
Copper Queen, and other celebrated
mines.
Tho report thnt 700 out of a band ot
900 cattle in Umatilla county, had died,
is incorrect. Tho loss of stock is not as
grent as wna feared.
Wo liavo commenced n now yenr
under circumstances somewhat dis
couraging. During n hundred years,
since our grandfathers wcro on tho busy
stage of notion nnd before they could
linvo handled tho lever that moves tho
world, brcndstulTs have not been as low
as now. Thoro is such an nbundnnt
supply of stnplo products of ngriculturo
that tho prico in Ln jlnnd is considerably
lower than any timo during tho past
century. All over tho world, wherever
civilized humanity uses tho products of
"tho plow, tho loom and tho anvil," stag
nation is tho rulo and depression in
business prevails. Tho world fcems
partially parnlized in nil tho functions of
production, transportation and traffic,
Of course thcro is no diminution of
nctual wealth. Property and money
oxist, mankind wear clothing and cat
food. Yet depression resulting from
overproduction, is tho universal rulo
It is possible that with tho worhlsi
markets heavily overstocked with nil
staples, nnd with prices reduced, on nn
average, consideraboly below ordinary
rates, pooplo aro not ablo to purchnso
nnd uso what they need. So wo have
underconsumption as well as overpro
duetiou, a strange and indefinable
ttito of nllhirs beyond ordinary com
prehensions. Thcro were great financial crisis in
I8.T7. 18G7, and 187il that stand as pre
cedents in business annals. In all theso
nnticedent times of financial panic our
country has been for many years import
ing vastly moro goods from abroad than
we exported our products. Wo were
literally running behind fifty to a hun
dred million a year, and when wo had,
like any individual customer, exhausted
our credit, wo commenced to bankrupt.
Hut there is now no foreign export sur
plus against us. Wo have not itiportcd
within many million, even hundreds of
millions, as many goods from abroad as
wo have exported corn, wheat, cotton,
dairy products, meats nnd other articles.
At one timo wo owed nbroad a thou
sand million of dollars and paid largo
interest. Wo havo reduced Ibis foreign
debt tho nation owed, and if tho United
States now owes, it is not over half
what it was twenty years ago, and f ho
debt is held chielly by our own citizens
at a lower rato of interest than any
nation over harrowed. This would scorn
liko wonderful prosperity and t?o it has
been. Working men and womon of
America earn wages ono nnd a half to
over tbrco times grcntor than tho highest
paid in (ire.it llritain, nnd England pays
higher wages than othor European
countries. At the same timo tho cost of
living averages lower in Amorica than in
(ireat llritain.
Wo havo been wonderfully prospered,
as n nation, nnd are now caught by the
wimo whirlwind thnt nfTccts othor
nations. Tho world cannot nfford to
pay a fair prico for our breadstuff. Our
cotton nnd woolen mills are running on
short time, and iron works nro shut
down or partially working. Wo stand
quite appalled nt tho catntrophu that
has soized the world and nsk for ono nnd
another high authority in finance : what
is tho cause? and no ono can intelligently
answer.
Of course, such a state of things must
mend. Tho economical family corrects
troubles of finance by contracting ex
penses. That is what wo are doing as a
nation, and we certainly must soon see
the result of tho curtailment of outlay
that has taken plnco. Wo shall soon
restore tho normal condition of things
anTl find hoalthy conditions bring us
a sound system again. All that can
bo done is to oxerciso patience and prac
tice economy.
Hut tho world suffers also from tho
terriblo nnd great unforeseen. Great
earthquakes linvo tnken plnco nnd de
stroyed lives nnd property. A terriblo
storm is now with us, nnd tho wide
northwest is wrapped in winter's deadly
mantlo deadly "lo stock upon tho east
ern plains and hills. Tho presont
winter sends death nnd desolation
through tho great stock ranges nnd de
stroys millions of hard earned wealth.
It is thus wo begin tho now year, witbj
nppreltonston nnd great loss.
Tho present crisis is lormutnble an
calculated to make many weak wl:
wore supposed to bo Btrong.
costs moro than any othor itom of farm
oxpenscs. If that inland region is to bo
left open it will be necessary that n law
shnll provent freo pnsturngo. If any
man can turn out stock on tho rnngo
then it will bo no ndvnntngo to tho far
mer to bo exempt from building fonces.
When wo tako nil points into consider-
ntion it will nppcnr very difficult to
docido whothcr the ndvnntngo of nny
legislation equal tho disadvantages that
fallow it.
Tho present law for somo enstern
counties restrains hogs and sheep from
going at hirgo but permits cattlo and
horses. It is truo tho lator can bo easier
fenced against but to fence at nil is
what tho advocato of a no fence law
objects to. In nny caso tho farmer
must fenco in somo portion of his
promises and no doubt ho would fonco
in a pasturo and lcavo his plow land
open. Tako any view wo pleaso and
dilliculties appear.
Ono matter thnt.d8crvcs consideration
is what constitutes n legal fence. It is
not so difficult to buii.! fences ns it is to
build "legal'' fences, to oxcludo all
stock. Tho grent majority of animals
can bo kept in or out with a fenco. thnt
that is easily constructed, but tlicro nro
a few that can throw down ordinary
fences nn! will do so. Would it not bo
well to pmnouneo n tbrco strand wiio
fence, four feet or three and a half high,
a legal fenco and let the ownors of
breachy stock keep them up or send j
tnoni cisowiicreT A tnrco strand wiro
fence, with iosts twenty-five feet apart,
mid a ho.ivv furrow nlowed from each
... . . !
way to tnrowup a ridge mat will attract
notico of animals, ought to bo a legal
fence. It would turn lnrgonuimalsaud
small ones csn bo kept iqi or herded.
Tho material for this fence will bo 1000
pounds wiro at 7 cents, $70. Number of
posts 2."0 to tbo mile, worth $:i0, making
cost of material .MOO a mile. Tho
hauling of jnists and wiro from river or
railroad to tho faun ran be managed at
small expense and a milo of fenco can
be nindo by two men in a very short
time. Thcro mo few animals that will
try to get through or over barbed wiro.
sucoccd with thoNcombined header and
thresher and bo ablo to pay up nil his
littlo obligations, ns no doubt ho will if
ho aucceods.
Just nftcr wo had written tho nbovo
Mr. ChnrlcB Jory happened in on busi
ness and mentioned that ho was going
soon to lenvo Oregon and rcmovo to
Stockton, Cal., whoro ho wns offered a
position in tho factory of Mr. Gainos, eo
wo read him our item and lenrn from
him futhor that, tho mnchino owned by
Parrish & Gaines, was sold to othor
pnities who own tbo patent right, and
Mr. Gaines hns invented another
mnchino that ho owns personally. Ho
has been offered $10,000 a year and a
royalty of .$100 for each mnchino built
on his patent, which ho refused.
It was a singular coincidence that Mr.
Jory should cnll oxnetly at tho timo wo
wcro writing tho abovo item.
WHAT VILL THE EFFECT BE.
If this winter proves as f-erious in loss
as wo havo reason to oxpect, thoro will
bo only a small proportion of all tho
stock left to peoplo tho vast pastures of
tho Inland l-'mpire. IJunchgrass will
havo a clmtico to grow and regain much
of its pristino vigor before stock enn in
crease or by any means bo placed again
on those ranges. Wo read that out of
u band of seven bundled cnttio in Uma
tilla county kept in Umatilla county
fivo hundred head died a week or moro
I ago. It is hardly possible thatshoo.p
horses nnd cnttio without food could
j endure the torriblo severity of Inst month.
It is supposed that sheep mnnnged to
oxist through tho severe weather in somo
localities, such ns bald hill points thnt
tho biiow blows off from. Wo hour thnt
parties from tho country who havo stock
in Wasco county, chiefly horses, kept
near the Columbia river, havo lost nearly
everything. This is a bleak nnd especial
ly sovcro country in winter, much woreo
than it is further south.
Now YcarJ Kumbsr.
Tho Daily Oregonian for January 1,
contains an immense amount of facts.
Plowing a licnvy furrow nnd back 'consisting of a review of nil tho business
furrowing, makes n ridgo or embankment ot tho Columbia river for 1SS1. It gives
tables of tho shipping nnd exporting of
grain, nnd of all othor important pro
ducts. Our country has become im
portant in its commerce so that it is
important to know what is transacted
and this number of that paper gives
oveiy important fact that is worth
narration. No doubt many porsona
would liko to send to their friends in tho
old States and other countries tho infor
mation this Now Years number furnishes,
moro especially becanso it nlsocontniiiB
a full review of tho wholo country by
inscribing tho scparato counties. Tho
descriptive arttclca includo British
Columbia, Idaho and Washington. All
important facts concerning tho trade,
manufactures and physical charactor of
tho ontiro Pacific Northwest aro givon
in tho sixteen pages of this number.
By enclosing a dime, or ton conts in
postnl stamp, to tho Oregonian, Port
land, Or., with tho address of tho party
to rcccivo it, a copy will bosont by mail
to that nddress.
FENCE AND NO FENCE.
Tho question ot legislating for or
ngninst fences is already argued ill tho
papors in view of tho noar approach of
tho legislative session. It is n naitter
of great importance and not easyy de
cided. In somo parts of tho country
where timbor is very scarce nndfencos
cost dear, it may bo that tho tnxion far
mers is too groat to bo borno. It is es
timated that to make nnd iuium fences
to lino with tho posts nud when they
get used to it slock will know better
than to mutilate themselves against the
barbed wire.
Place another wiro at tho bottom, not
to cost over $20 n milo and you have a
fenco that will turn sheep or hogs, Hay n
wiro eight inches from tho ground, nnd
another ton inches nbovo that, another
ono foot abovo and a fourth eightcon
inches higher and your fenco is four
feet high and ought to turn any kind of
stock. Tho matorial for this fenco can
bo tho best of japanned barbed wiro
and cedar posts, which last can lw bought
for ten cents each whoro they grow, nnd
cost of trnnRportation to nearest town
udded.
Wo wore surprised recently, whon
traveling Knst lo find in Now York Stnto
and through much of New England
that barbed wiro was replacing old timo
fences. Wo supposed barbed wiro was
in uso only in new and treeless regions
far West, but wiro fencing is tho fenco
for all farming of tno futuro nnd will
soon bogin to tako tho plnco of tho old
worm fencing in Western Oregon, as
clsowhore. It can bo used cheaper than
wo enn build nu oight rail fenco mid
stako and rider it. Tho cost of wiro has
materially cheapened of lato with tho
reduction in prico of all iron. WIkto
timber is nbundnnt to placo n post overy
ten foot nnd cap with n polo renching
ncross sovoral posts, makes a fenco that
only ni'ods four strands of wiro to ninko
it four and n half feot high and just
what cvory farmer needs.
To make a fir post Inst longer thnn
you can livo to test it, dip tho butt end
in a mixture of linseed oil nnd powdered
charcoal dust, or put it on with a brush,
giving two good coats, and you will havo
it fenco ns enduring ns a life tin
WANTED.
S A 1HV-WK WANT A LIVE, KSEI10F.TI0
O fanner In each county on tho coait to handle
wio .uncririin liiriucr. I'Oiltliclyuo competition.
Thi but wcrk of tho kind eter publithed. Demanded
by orery firmer. Sale Mill bo fmnieiiic.
AdJro.: A. U UANCKOFT,
721 Market Street, fan Franclico, Cal.
WHEAT?
It to low tllt
F
AN0THES CLAIM.
Californinns hnvo n faculty for
claiming everything as to tho mnnnor
born. A recent instanco meots our oyo
in raking up nn Octobor number of n
California journnl whero n writer gives
nn cnthusiastio account of tho success
tho Gaino's Combined Header and
Thresher, which it s,ays is tho invention
of S. L. Gaines of Stockton, Now S. L.
Gaines is nn Oregoninn, who went to
California with n mnchino invented by n
Mr. Parrish nnd built hero in Salem.
Tho mnchino had many good points
nnd may possibly bo perfected so as to do
good work, but there are many obstacles
to bo ovorcomo. Sam Gainos was in
business nt Gorvnis and failed. Ho was
agent for tho FAitMEn there. Ho wis
not tho inventor but is a pushing nud
hard working man nud wo hope ho may
rsj
d. mgdowell
Ha determined to itll orer; thin.' In h!a lino at
Greatly Reduced Prices !
(In fact at Portland prlcca alneo the complc.
tlon ol the Noithern Faciao II. R.
riVUS STOCK CONSISTS OF FIRST CLASS
X l.'ocd In the line of
WATCHES,
CLOCKS,
JEWELRY,
LVER-WARE!
PLATEPWAItE,
OPTICAL GOODS,
SPECTACLES, Etc.
Krcrjlhlnu Is VfAttlMTt:ii to he n icp
rcscntol. CST Call and examine before puichajloj
clievrherr. f. d. Mcdowell,
Commercial Street, - . Salem, Orejoo.
CHEAP POWER
ron FAnu wonK
$100 Will Buy what Cost
Over $400 !
AN' ri'KIGIIT ItOILEB A.M) EXCIXE a
troodaa new; three and one-half horaopowrr
aud very compact; a frame, mandrela and H Inch aav,
and heU for a truck. Set thla up ln your barn and
eetthaoUier flaturea and joucan thrcah train, aaw
ood, rrind chop and meal, charn butter for a lanre
dairy or do any work tho farm or cetjhborbcod re
quir. Addre:
TI1E WILLAMETTE FARMER,
dcclttl galem, Oregon.
if"
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