w
m
Ql
iySS : -fi:"
VOL. XVI.
During tlicte Hard IIiiiim tlio tendency to re
trench l wry itronjrnnd wry 1'iojicr. Let tho (inner
ink hlmiclf, liovio.Tr, II lio can afford to dlipcnio
with tho only Journal In the btito tint belongs to him
find rcprcent Mi Intercuts'' Thirteen )car ago ho
purchaicd UioWiiumkuk I'iMUtrtt ami Inv cited In It
allour iiiMtunnJ tliobcit jirot aucnl llrci. Con
ildcr,frlcndt, whether It li not inert rcAtonalto at Dili
time, (when jou know how hard tho t'mc must pinch
tho rmbllihcr of jour own Journal) toga out and col
lcet a tmall club of new itibicrlbcri at the low prlco
ottered rather than think of "economizing" hy dolnif
without tho lertlcci ol n friend of tuch lonj; itamllnir.
4fyvvrt$$muhnt$.
They Don't Know How.
Saixm, Or., Dec. 20, 18S-1.
Editor Willamotto Farmer i
I rccclvo ninny letters of inquiry of
Into hi regard to tho ixniltry business,
somo nuking how tlioy must commence
to succeed, others if young chickens
(fryers) enn ho raised nt u profit, while
many nro Htill anxious to know mora
nbout tho succcsps of tho different poul
trymon throughout tho Stntc. To an
swer nil separately would ho quite n
tnslc, ho I reply through tho Fahmkii.
Tho Inttor inquiry I htivo already
givon my own views upon, mul they
lmvo coino from cxporioncc, not theory or
imnginntion, ns I boo oho of your corre
spondents hns ventured into. I might
just ns well say through tho columns of
tho FAitMi:it thnt turnips were now pro
duced on vinos or cabbages woro grown
in (ho ground, nnd mention Mr. Fields
ns making tho attempt but failed; but
whnt if ho hnd, others were making a
success out of it. Thero would lo just
ns much senso in mo making this state
ment ns for Mr. Fields to say thnt
"Goodhuo had failed in tho poultry busi
ness, but whnt if ho hnd, others wcro
making n succoss out of it." When ho
docs not mention it single- instnnco of
success in tho Northwest, ho cortainly
ought to know thnt pcoplo who liko to
read facts, will tnko his stntcment with a
tolernblo degrco of nllownnce.
I correspond with nil tho leading poul-
trymen in this Stato nnd Washington,
nnd I know whereof I speak when I say
nono hnve mndo nnything out of tho
poultry business, entire, ns yet. Thoso
who continuo in tho business have very
cheap lnnds, t-cattoring the hen houses
about nnd giving each family of fowls n
wido rango; by so doing tlioy mo nblo to
kcop them hoalthy and the fowls pick
up n pnrt of their living, and tho ex
ponso of food is somewhat lessened, but
this modo of keeping fowls in such local
ities is attended with mnny difllcultios.
For, to iirocuro cheap lnnds tho foot
hills noxt to tho mountains must be
sought, nnd tho loss by vermin is very
heavy, in spito of nil precaution, in such
localities. Tho most successful estab
lishment of this kind carried on in this
Stato is situated on such lands as I hnvo
mentioned, but is not ns yet on n pay
ing basis, although tho proprietors nro
poultry men. It is carried on ns on egg
farm, chiefly.
To bo suro of succoss in poultry, keep
nbout twonty-fivo in ono lien house and
keep your houses far enough apart to
allow each family of fouls a good range.
Thoy will then pick up pnrt of their
food. Feed them in variety with a littlo
meat or burned lones nnd'kecp plenty
of gravel whero they can get at it. Kcop
just as many fowls on this plan as you
possibly can without seriously inter
fering with your daily routino of busi
ness on tho farm, or, in other words,
"don't stop the plow to attend to the
chickens" and you aro bound tosucceed.
To rniso chickens for market in this
country is not profitable, only in a small
way. My experience is, to mako 2.50
per dny, clear, would require tho hatch
ing out nnd raising of about 5000 chick
ens at $. per dozen, in ono year, or
about thnt number. Tho jwrcentago of
loss is too heavy nnd the market too lim
ited for nny person to undertake this
business with any degrco of success as
yet Geo. D. Goodhue.
SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 3, 1885.
rending Treaties and Cbaap Labor.
UrrrevitlK, Doc. 22, 1881.
IMitnr Willamette Farmer:
In speaking of tho "Chineso in Mex
ico," you sny that "tho Chinese nro will
ing to work for less wages thnn whilo
men nsk." Why don't you say cheaper
than whilo men can work nnd mnko n
living. 1 think think thnt tho subject
of Chineso cheap lnbor is underestimated.
A Chinamnn will livo in n hut, pny no
rout nnd support no family, nml why
shouldn't ho work clump' They do not
help to support schools nor churches.
How different the whlto mnn that hits' a
family to support; ho must have iicom
fortablo houso and it must bo furnished
to enablo him to livo comfortably. His
wifo nnd children must bo clothed with
comfort, and ought to hnvo liner clothes
for extra woaring. lie helps to crcnto n
society to support our churches nnd
schools. Contrast this with tho China
mnn, nnd can you expect them to work
for China wages? And yet somo pcoplo
will say to tho mnn thnt lms n family (o
support: "Oh, I can't givo such wages!
why, I enn hiro a Chinaman for one
third less thnn thnt. Selfish men I that
look not boyond tho present boncfits, thnt
care not for schools or society, far less
for tho needs and comfort of men who
nood work for tho supiort of their fam
ilies. Somo time ago, you spoke nbout
Hovonden leasing land to Chinamen for
cloaring it, and said thnt Hovondon
spoko with sarcasm, saying that white
men would not cloar laud for the uso of
it. How could n whlto mnn livo whilo
ho is grubbing laudT If ho Iwrrows
money to livo on, ho might as well nay,
far better uso that money to buy land,
nnd when ho got it cleared ho would not
hnvo to givo it up ngnin after u few crops,
Again, selfish men, all our treaties that
aro before tho .Semite for ratification will
bring slavo labor or very cheap labor
into competition with American free lit
lor. A great many farmers would liko to
hnvo ugar and other m tides mndo
cheaper by having the duty taken off,
but they don't liko to see tho duty taken
oil' of wool. Oh, no! They don't liko
to seo their own ox gored but enjoy tho
sight if it happens to Ih somo other fel
low's ox. And ngniu, tho shortsighted
ness of man. Joei. 1'. C!i:i:n.
Leglslattro Action Desired
IMitor Willamotto Farmer:
I think that the school law that 10
latcs to school districts should bo re
pealed by tho legislature that will meet
soon. Wo want lows enacted that will
not crenton division in neighbors where
unity is absolutory necessary. That is
what tho pretont school law doos adds
fuel to tho ilro in school districts. The
Stato should collect all school taxes and
hiro nnd pay ofl' school teachers. I think
that the Stato Hoard of Kducation
should examino all teachers, send them
to tho different school districts in
tho State. Teachers to furnish them
selves with loard. Could bo removed by
petition to tho Board, and could bo re
tained by petition. So, you seo, that
when wo received a good teacher wo
would keep him by petition. And when
tho public money was used up wo could
hiro him at our own oxpenso. Kadi dis
trict would hnvo u normal school.
I .Oil A im:.
To Destroy Oreen tic?.
Sau:m, Or., Dec. 21.18&J.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
Please givo your readers this valuable
recipo for killing green lice, which uro
so detrimental to young applo trees.
Take of purest twist plug tobacco, say
about two inches square, stew or soak it
in about four or five gallons of water.
Tho way to apply it is, tako a largo pan
and put about ono gallon of tho liquid
in it and dip the ends of the limbs or
twiggs in tho liquid so as to thoroughly
wet thorn, and those that cannot bo wot
by dipping apply the liquid by band.
Ono or two thorough applications will
cleanse tho worst infected tree.''. Try it,
tho'o of you who nro troubled with tho
pest next spring, and you will bo richly
lowardetl for your trouble.
I hnvo n very thrifty growing npplo
orchard of over two hundred troes, some
of which this pest hnd nearly mined Inst
spring. Hut, by being informed by Mr.
leceon, who had experimented with tho
tobacco liquid, I saved my trees, which
mndo a very lino growth nnd yielded a
fair crop of fruit. J. H. Liuimav.
Pass Lawn to Frotcct Our Dalrloi.
Poirmjm, Or., Dec. 20, 1SSI.
KJltor Willamctto Farmer :
In the columns of the Faiimch I hnvo
long been silent j my last chango ren
ders mo still n slavo to business, so I hnvo
littlo leisure for writing. Tho Faiimkii
roaches me regularly ns n clock nnd I
senn its p.igos wnlching for tho old cor
respondents and becoming acquainted
with tho new ones.
With the benefits brought us by tho
ml von I of the rnilrond i "nulsnnee"
enmo also. Our market is Hooded with
immilutions of butter and cheeso nnd
sold ns tho genuine nrliolo. Tallow nnd
tho rcfuso fat of tho slaughter houses,
manipulated with chemicals and brought
out in tho most attractive forms, colored
and scouted with tho ossenco of clover
and called butter and noU ns such to
unsuspecting purchasers. J.rd is mix
ed with skim milk and a substance mndo
to imitato cheeso nnd sold as such.
These disgusting imitations arc palm
ed off on foiiBtiniors to tho doirimont of
tho public health and to tho injury of
tho honest dairymen nnd fnrmor. Wo
want a law to prohibit its sale or rather
regulate it and bring it under certain
restrictions ; to compel tho manufacturer
nnd venders, however small, to marl; or
stamp every package, or toll, and print
plainly its tmo character and soil it
under its proper nnmo. A Inw of this
kind interests consumers ns well ns pro
ducers of gouuir.0 dairy products. Wo
want Mich n law passed at tho nextStnto
Legislature which meets early inJnnuary.
liio session is snort and wiintovor is
done should ho done promptly. I havo
wnited fuV months hoping home of the
agricultural journals of Oiegon would
innitiato u movement in this important
matter ; but all hocm to have overlooked
it. To insuio prompt action nnd favor
nblo consideration of tho subject on th
paitof tho Legislature, I will suggest
tlii -t plan :
In it shmt editorial you call the atten
tion of nil your subscribers to this
matter and with this issue send a print
ed heading for n petition to the legisla
ture for the oiinctmout of Mich u Inw,
request ench siih-cribor to poslo it on n
shoot of paper and ciiculnto it and obtain
signutuics to tho petition and when so
obtained bend it to the lopiesentativrs
of their district requesting them to pro
sent such petitions and aid in securing
favorable action upon it. Send a copy
to evory Orange. If this plan is fol
lowed jictitions will go up from every
Grange and election precinct in tho
Stnto and every member of tho Legisla
ture will receiva sovoral such petitions
requesting his favorablo consideration.
Such a law directly interest probably
nme-tentii oi mo cwzons ol tue htato
and thero can bo no valid objection urg
ed against it, and let us hope tho object
may bo accomplished.
J. I!. K.VA1T.
We, the undersigned, dosiro that such
laws bo passed as will protect our dairy
industries from tho nmmif.icttiro nnd
sale of manufactured butter nnd cheese.
lr vot don't want the Fakmki; for
1885 drop us a postal card and say so.
Wo don't want to lose a singlo sub
scriber, but shall not forco our paper on
anyone.
Don't forget tho place Port it Son,
Stato street for tho mojt comploto
drugstore in the valley. Their prices
aro reasonable.
rUlUQ AMD Pi1U!IE3.
An old friend writes us to know whnt
varieties of plums nml prunes to plant
for drying. Wo answered his inquiry
by letter but ns tho matter is of general
interest mid others mny bo misled ns ho
was, by sight, we will givo the viows wo
wrote him. JIo has already sot out
somo Hnulshaws nnd (.irosn Prunes, (or
Hungarian, also known us Btuld'n Seed
ling o' soino such nnmo) nnd thought of
sotting out several hundreds more Wo
havo '200 Hmdshnws and some of the
Gross piuncH, nnd found thoy dried away
nothing. Thoy nro very largo nnd hand
some to look nt and sir.o nnd looks mako
them sell whon ripo but they nro worth
nothing, nctunlly nothing, to uso for
drying nnd thero nro other varieties much
better for cunning. Wo wish to put this
ns omphalic as possible. Pcoplo who
expect to soil fruit when ripo havo an
uncertain market beemtso a littlo ripo
fruit will overstock nny town or city in
Oregon. Tho only safe way is to dry or
can fruit nnd there are certain varieties
excellent for that purpose.
Tho Peach plum coiucb usunlly Au
gust 1, nud is very excellent for canning,
though will require considerable sugar.
It makes good dried fruit but not over
10 pounds to tho bushel, and perhaps
not that. Wo si mild put it nt 8 pounds
whon pitted. It will not pny to dry
them, thnt is our experience.
Tho Ponch plum lasts 8 or 10 days
only nnd from August 10 to 20th there
is no good market plum. Wo have a
seedling thnt originated in our own
orchnrd that is largo as Coo's Goldon Drop
nnd much heavier nint. It is a very
excellent plum and Mr. O. Dickinson
and others pronounce it a great discovery.
This plum is nearly as tart ns thoPench,
tho treo is very hardy and it boara full
yearly. Wo propose to propagate this
romnrknblo fruit ns it comos in oxnetly
when there is no good market plum,
from August 10 to 20th.
About August 20th to Septonber 1st
comes sovcrul good plums, including
Washington, Yellow Kgg, Potlto prune
fl'Agon, Columbia and llluo Damson.
The Wellington dries nwny loo much
but is a nioitexcoll ntplum for canning.
Tho Yellow Kgg thloi well n it has a
heavy meat.
Tho l'etito prune dries among tho
very best but is not as choice fivor
canned as somo othors.
Tim Jlluo Damson, genuine, is ono of
tho finest of fruits for canning but the
fashion is that white fruits shall be
canned. However wo hnvo 2fi() liluu
Dnuisou set out in 1882.
The Columbia is the very best fruit
of all, for reasons wo cannot stop to gio
in full. They aro large, heavy nnd dry
or can A No. I. Don't fail to sot lots of
them.
About .September, eomo tho Carman
prune, Princo Knglobort, Italian or
Fallcuberg, also Gross prune nud llrad
thaw. Tho German is usually a good bearer
but tho fruit is not tho host flavor, dries
HO iKiunds to tho 100.
Princo Knglebert is as good fruit as
can grow, good size, flno flavor, etc.,
yields !t!l pounds to 100.
Italian is the very best, yields XI to
100, and rans as tho , finest prune
grown.
Thcso three enumerated nro all drying
fruit and hnvo reputation tho world over,
esjucially tho two last.
We have said all that is necessary
about tho Gross or Hungarian nud the
Hradshnw. They are not as good as
others at canning and nro not worth the
troublo of drying.
Along Hu 10th to tho 20th of Septem
ber nnd lasting through to October,
come two excellent varieties.
Tho Jtulno- Claudo do fiavay plum is
ono of tho finest fruits for either cun
ning or drying.
Tho Coo's Golden Drop como latest
nnd aro excellent for any use. Our ex
perience is that the Golden Drop dries
NO. 47
nwny too much and should bo canned.
Whilo in its prime nnd full size this is
tho bost plum grown.
A person who wishes to plant plums
nnd prunes can read tho foregoing nud
learn nil wo can tell about tho best
varieties of plums nud prune.1', and tho
best uso to put them to.
MOIIMANISM.
Tho Oregonian bolioves Mornionism
will sprend and grow until it will riso
against tho government and only a civil
war can suppress it, Thero is nothing
unreasonable in this belief. Our gov
ernment tampers with this enormity
and political parties nctunlly pander to
it nml study how they can bost uso it
for their own purposes. legislation Is
ovnded nud defied and thostriotcst laws
Congress can bo got to pass amount to
little whon they have to bo enforced in
Utah. Thero nro certain evils thnt no
law can rectify nnd oxterminnliou must
bo tho cure. How to exterminate Mor
nionism is the most difficult problem of
our tin. It is certain to bo an evil,
oven if transplanted to some othor por
tion of Xorth America. If it could bo
transplanted to nn island of tho ocean
nnd kept there, it might in timo rectify
itself, work itself clear nnd pure us somo
liquids do, but so long ns they can
aggro js against our Inws nud our Nation
Mormons will increase nud thrive. If
wo hnd iv despotic govornimmt, ovon
then wo could not put down Mormons,
for they thrive on persecution. Thoy
forever quote that "tho blood of tho
martyrs is tho heed of tho church."
They are so infamous that nny net of
government would l justified. Ignor
ant and degraded as they nro, thoy are
etrongor for their numbers thnn nny
other body of people on the earth bo
cause they nro so united. If opposi
tion or rebellion eiops out among them,
its it continuiilly does, tho rebel sudden
ly dies. Murder nud outrage cement
thorn into unity. The tnles of horror
concoining nctH perpetrated on GontiloH
palo into insignificance compared to tlfo
danmnblo villainy exorcised within tho
gntes. To doubt, or oppose, in any way
the hierarchy of the church, is to court
sudden death and often the most horrid
torture, and this pcoplo who"o leadors
are holl-houndf, flaunt thoir devilishnesH
in tho face of the gavernment. The
few who havo strong wills control tho
tons-of-thoiitands of the ignorant nud
debased nud can lead thorn to slaughter
ns Kl Mahdi dons the Ainhs of the
deseit with the cry of Islam. Mohain
edisiu has its parallel in the Latter Day
Saint of Utah Territory.
Nut OroMiig
As a rule, all sorts of seeds should bo
planted as soon as thoy nro ripe. Nature
plants the seeds when tli y rt.V. There
is more certainty in planting the seeds of
nut-bearing trees than in purchasing
tho young trees fiotn a museryman, and
it is also clieajx:r. Get the nuts fresh
from tho trees, and if you havo no timo
to plant thorn now thoy may bo kept
moist in sand or sawdust until thoy are
plantod. F.vcry fanner could mnko tho
foundation of n good nursery in n day,
which in not many years honce might
bring more profit than all the test of his
farm. Nuts may be planted cither in
the spot lit which they aro intended to
grow into large trees, or in garden or
nureorv, and tho saplings afterward
transplanted, care being taken to kcop
the laud cloiin while they mu young.
Two years nfU-r planting is tho best
timo for transplanting, or the young
treos may be It ft in tho ground tho
third winter and transplanted in tho
spring.
Tho best way to lid a horse's cars of
warts is to rub them well with a coareo
cloth nud then touch them well with u
littlo nitric acid every alternate day un
til you have administciod three applica
tions. A singlo drop of tho acid will bo
sufficient for the smaller oiios.
Can vot' do without tho Faumku for
1886? Wo hardly think so.
l'uro drugs nt Port & Son's.
I