if-
VOL. XVI.
During llicne llnrtl Tlnir tho temlincy to r
trench li cry itrong mid cry proper. Let tho (tnntr
oik hlmicll, howcrr, II lio can alTorJ to illipcnto
with tho only Journal In tho EUto that belong! to him
ttiidircjirticnta lili Intertill? Thirteen jeiri o;o we
purchased tho WitLAMrnr. I'ARMrR ami Ini cited In It
all our mcam and thr belt) can o( lorcrat lit cs. Con
aider, frlendi, whether It li not more rcaionable at thli
time, (when jou know how hirJ tho tlmca limit pinch
tho publliher o( J our own Journal) to go out and col
lect a imall club ot new mbicrlbcri at tho lowprlco
ottered rather than think of "cconomlzlnj;" by doing
without tho icrrlcci of a friend of tuch long ttandlng.
tyMrtfyanAtntf.
Lone County Agricultural Society Incor
porated. Si'IU.nokield, Or., Doc. 0, 1881.
Editor Willamette Farmer!
A mooting of citizens wna hold in
Eugcno City, Lane- county, on Saturday,
Doccmbcr 0, 188-1, for tho purpose- of
porpoluttting tho work begun by tho
former society of tho samo niiine, which
hiul thnt tiny adjourned eino lio. Mr. T.
J. Dunton wnfl elected chairmnn of tbo
meeting and J. S. Churchill secretary.
Tho secretary stated thnt in May, 1882,
tho Lano County Agricultural Society
wna incorporated with a capital stock of
$10,000, thnt subscription books had
been sont to agents in ench precinct in
tho country, but tho amount of capital
stock nocossary to cnablo tho incorpora
tors to organizo in (iccgrdancQ. with tho
laws ot Oregon, had not been subscribed,
so that tho membors of tho society had
thought it best to givo placo to a now
organization, in ordor to inoro fully carry
out tho object ot tho old socioty and tho
nocdH of tho citizons of tho county.
Aftor discussion by thoso present it
was decided to fix tho capital Block at n
moro nominal sum, $100, with power to
incrensc. A society, with alwvo name,
was thon incorporated with tho follow
ing incorporators (ieo. Belshaw, T. J.
Dunton, P. M. Wilkins, Allen Bond, J.
B. Ithinohart, E. J. McClanahan, G. W.
Gill, S. M. Ycrnll, J. S. Churchill and J.
It. Campbell.
After incorporating, thoro being nil of
tho stockholdors present, tho following
wore olectcd directors: Geo. Belshaw,
Allen Bond, F. M. Wilkins, J. I). Ithino
hart, J. It. Campbell, J. S. Churchill
and 12. J. McClaunhan.
Tho following wero elected ollicora:
Geo. Belshaw, President; Allen Bond,
Vico President, J. S. Churchill, Sec'ro
dry; F. M. "Wilkins, Treasurer.
J. S. Cluuchill, P. M. Wilkins and
Allon Bond wero appointod a committco
to draft by-laws for tho nocioty.
Adjournetl to meet on tho second Sat
urday in January, 1885, at 1 r. .m.
Thus tho citizens havo shown thorn
Eelvca in earnest hi promoting tho in
terests of agriculture, the arts and me
chanics, and in tho development of tho
county, and tho results, are expected to
inuro to tho Ixmcfit of tho wholo coun
ty. J. S. CmTJicmu.
SmiI Gleet.
McMiknyille, Or., Dec. 10.
Editor Willamette Farmer :
Tleaso allow mo through your valuablo
columns to describe a disease which I
havo been called upon by a great many
etockmen and farmers to examine horses
Buffering with a discharge from tho
nostrils. I will givo briefly as possible
tho symptoms in three stages of tho
disease. Diognoiso shows the nilmont
to be Nasal Gleet.
First Slight watery discharge from
ono or both nostrils ; enlargement of tho
submnxilary gland, also of tho lymphatic
glands (under tho lower jaw), sometime
with dry hacking cough and somo rat
ling noibo in tho lamyx ; nostrils palo
pink and purple specks along the sup
tum narium (division of tho nostrils) ;
somotimes tho discharge cease for a fow
days then breaks out again moro copi
ously than before.
Second Difchargo moro copious;
somewhat fetid ; dries in and around
the nostrils ; the color of the discharge
is governed by the feed if on green
SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 1), 1881.
food tho dischargo is of a greenish tint.
It is in this stago that tho ethmoid cav
ity becomes affected by tho poison pen
etrating tho alfactory glands and a
tacks tho ethmoidal labyrinth, destroys
tho fragil lamun of tho turbino bono,
but in this Btngo tho horso will usually
continue in good condition and appetite,
good hair, looks well, and general up
pcaranco unchanged.
Third Dischnrgo very fetid, still more
copious and is usunlly blown out in largo
(piantitics ; tho mucus membrnno of tho
nostrils show intenso inllnmation with
somo purplo spots along tho septum
narium, tho lymphatic glands break and
dischnrgo a very unhealthy puss, fovory
buds begin to nppcnr along tho breast
nnd legs, tho horso is woak, sweats easily
and pulso high and strong; broathing
laborious In this stago tho discaso is
highly contngoous by two moans which
I will describo in somo futuro issue, if
tho editor will permit. (
A great ninny of thoso horses I have
oxnmincd nro horses that unsuspecting
men have tradod for rccontly ; tho for
mer owner protonded thnt tlioy had a
kind of distempor or n slight cold, that
ho had been discharging from tho
nostrils for two or thrco days, nnd in
somo cases thoy havo had tho nostrils
cleaned out, so it was not noticod until
tho bargain had been closed for 661)10
timo and ovon when discovered parties
thought it only a sovoro cold. Horsos
thus diseased, when purchased by un
suspecting parties, arc often put in tho
best stall in tho barn with tho best horses
on the placo and fed from tho samo
box and watered from tho almo trough,
thus all tho horses aro exposed to tin's
contagious and fatal disease which in
tho second and third stago is equally as
destructive as tho glanders, especially in
third stago, though not so contngoous. It
is of great importance to all stockmen
to keep a caroful lookout for horses thus
disensod and havo them kept off of our
highways and public places.
Livory mon should bo very cautious
about taking horses in thoir bams thus
diseased. I think wo havo a law re
garding this discaso, if not wo should
petition the legislature immediately to
pass such a law. Will somo ono look
this up and givo us somo information
concerning it? Persons having horses
inllicted with this disease should bo
prompt in destroying them or isolating
them from other hones.
ItosiMKitfully yours,
J. TltUU.l.NOElt, V. S.
Orcbt rdi on tne Sea Coast
Invisfi. Or., Nov. :J, 1881.
Editor Willamette Farmer i
As you havo traveled so much and
aro a very oloso ob.ervor, I wish to in
quire if you know of any orchards within
ten miles of tho ocean, and if so tho ago
of tho trees and their condition, nnd
whether on bottom, hill or tablo land.
I havo a pieco of tablo land in my mind
lying between two streams running
nearly parallol and from ono to fivo
miles apart Thero is tho usual amount
of burnt timber, with eonio green timber,
consisting of fir, hemlock, nldor, cherry
willow, with a thick undergrowth of
salmonberry. aom thimbleberry and
and fern. Tho gulch running to either
sido afford nbundnncoof clear cold water
summer and winter which would indi
cuto a moist Boil. Do you think nn or
chard on such a tract would do well?
Sufficiently so to justify tho clearing and
all necessary work upon a pieco of raw
land? ltespoctfully, J. A. C
Itr.i'LY. It is very natural to find
different variotios of fruit prospering in
different sections of tho country and
thero is no reason why as good orchards
should not grow within ten miles of tho
sea as fifty miles from it. A year or
two ago wo were over on tho Sound and
mado inquiries concerning orchards and
were assured that very excellent fruit
was grown there, Closo to tho old Bel
lingham bay coal mine thoro is a very
fine orchard containing many varieties
and wo have never seen hoalthior trees
nnd wero informed thnt they boro woll
as to size, quality and quantity. Wo
saw thriving orchards back of Seattle
and Tncoma. Ono of tho largest pruno
orchards in tho Stnto is locatod noar
Toledo, on Ynquinn bay. Wo cannot
speak with assurance ns to tho kinds
Hint do bct in reach of ocean inllucnccs.
Tho only way will bo to yisit farms noar
tho const and learn front actual experi
ence of farmers thoro. Thero nro mnny
orchards on Clntsop plains thnt wero
planted a goncration ago. That is soil
mado up- of old sea beaches, is very
sandy and not very deep of alluvial.
A friond of ours set out a largo pruno
orchard ovor on Ynquinn bay and hns
taken extraordinary caro of it for ton
or twelve years without vory satisfactory
results. Somo varictios of plums and
prunes aro said to do well noar salt
water influences. Thero aro renders of
tho Farmer who know all nbout orebnrds
nenr tho ocenn nnd thoy will, wo hope,
furnish tho Information deslrod for tho
bonoflt of nil concerned. Our country
presents overy possiblo vnrioty of soil,
location, elovation and climnto nnd it
is not possible to goneralizo as to or
chnrdizing to suit nil contingencies.
Tnko tho wostern prairios and for hun
dreds, of mllos thero is similarity of con
ditions, whilo Westorn Oregon, ono hun
dred miles in width hns cvory variety
from sen-shoro to mountain lop. Ed.
Ewireen Blackbeny.
Squak, W. T. Nov. 18, 1881.
Editor Willamette Former)
Plcaso givo mo through tho column of
your paper nil tho information you havo
in rogard to propogating tho Evergreen
Blackberry in largo quantities nnd oblige
n subscriber. Geo. W. Tiuuetth.
Itoply Tho abovo named Blacklcrry
was brought to Oregon from tho South
Sea Islands a fow years ago, and is found
to bo tho most hardy of all tho Black
berry family. As tho climate of Oregon
is usually quito mild in tho vintcr yet
now nnd thon tho mercury goes down
sovcrnl degrees below zero I havo nover
known tho vines of Kvegrcen to bo in
tho least nffected by it.
You can put it out anywhere you
plcaso in tho chip yard, along sido tho
Blop drain, or behind tho woodshed.
Givo it plonty of good, rich earth, keep
tho ground loose nnd moist, and all
weeds hood away from it, nnd it will
bear tho second year nftor planting, and
by tho third or fourth year, and ever
after, it will boar a btishol of berries to
tho singlo plant por yoar.
Tho berry is about tho xizo of tho
Lawton and Kittntinny, and in shape
and color could hardly bo told from
thorn. For pics and puddings, and for
all kinds of cooking, it would tako an
export to toll tno dllTcicnce, and many
relish it as a tablo desert equally with
thorn, although I think it is a trifio
sweeter whon ripe, and is about like
them in its abundanco of tceds.
After about tho third year, as soon as
tho old vines havo riponed their load of
fruit, thoy should bo cut out, and all tho
strength of tho root thrown into tho
growing canes, which will often mako
a growth of thirty feet, and a third as
thick through as n man's wrist. These
long canes should bo cut or pinched
back wnon about ten foot high and spread
out liko a fan, and tied to stakes so
that you can reach tho whole body of
tho hurries from each sido for conven
ience of picking.
It begins to throw out its first
branches about tho first of May, and
being frost-proof and evergreen, ate not
injured by any cold that happens to
come, and by tho firct of Juno break
into blossom. Tho growth of tho lerry
is slow so that the wholo crop comes in
nftor nil othor blackberries nro harvested.
To thoso who wuh to put out plantations
of them, for drying purposes, tho rows
should bo get twelve feet apart and tho
vines twelve feet along tho rows, giving
about thrco hundred vines to tho acre.
KniTOit.
Oolden Spangled Hamburg.
Creswkm., Or., Doc. 10, 1881.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
"Will you, or nny ot your renders
please inform me whero the Golden
Spangled (pure) Hamburg chickens
can bo had. Wo used to havo them but
havo nm out. Havo somo thrco-fourtli
Silver Spnnglod hens but do not liko
them for tho reason thoy nro bo small
nnd not ns good layers ns tho Golden
Spnnglcd thnt never sot but lay early
tho year round.
Will somo ono, who hns had oxperi
oneo plcaso inform mo what timo is best
to sow small red clover, nnd would it not
bo bettor to mix hnlf-nnd-hnlf timothy
nnd clover for meadow or pasture. Vol
vet grass mnkos far better pasture grass
whon sowu on burns than timothy or
orchard grass. Wo spoak from our own
experience. Somo timo last soason wo
stated in an nrliclo that tho frcitro-out
of tho previous winter froze out much
of our velvet grass nnd Jhat ground
moss had taken its plnce, but this soa
son it has redeemed itsolf by covering
tho ground nnd producing moro feed to
tho ncro thnn nny formor yonr. Tho
main objection wo havo to it is thnt it
makes such a rapid growth during Mny
nnd Juno thnt no amount of stock can
keepjit from running up to seed, thnt it
will carry tho balanco of tho yew, nnd
stock do not liko tho stalk after it be
comes dry and will only ont it whon thoy
cannot get green feed.
N. A. W. Howe.
SmftU Yorkshire Tig.
Powkmb Vaujbv, Nov. 11, 1881.
Editor Willamette Farmer;
Will you bo so kind nstonsk through
your valuablo paper, if you cannot
answer yourself, if thero aro any such
breeds of hogs in this Stato known as
tho Small Yorkshire, and if so by whom
and what prico for a male, six months
old. Respectfully, C. C.
lllci'i.Y. Wo havo mado inquiries but
cannot learn of a breeder in Oregon.
Wo know nothing of them. En.
BOOK TABLE.
St. Nicholas for Dccembor comes full
of good things, it is tho beat serial
published for youth. It is full of in
structive incidents ; it is printed on tho
best of paper, and altogether in gotten
up in tho best manner. Tho magazine
is interesting to older people, too, if wo
may say that our fifty yours of lifo loaves
us a keen tolish for St. Nicholas, with its
artistic and quaint designs and excel
lent reading matter.
Tho Century is a welcome visitor nnd
is tho very best magascino that is pub
lished for general reading. Tho serial
story of Dr. Kevin has created great in
terest. Tho mimlws aro filled with
engravings, executed in the highest stylo
of art, and tho publication is an exposi
tion of tho world's progress. Thero nro
short stories, papers on politicul econo
my, art and travol. Tho Century is
published in New York, by tho samo
firm that publishes St. Nicholas.
For tho pant seven or eight years dif
ferent stories havo been told concerning
n dreadful monster that inhabits a body
of water known as Crator Lake, situated
about fifty-fivo miles wost of North
Link vi lie, John Shallock, with others
has just seen tho monster. Mr. Shallock
says it looks to lm as largo ns a man's
body, and w.i swimming with about
two or thro feet out of tho water, and
going at a rapid rat", as fast ns a man
could row a sViit, leaving a similar wave
behind it. IU face, or head, looked
white, and, although it was a long way
off they could plainly ceo that it was of
an immeuco size. Severn! shots wore
fired at it, but it was so far off that thoy
could not hco whetv'i their bullets struck
tho water. Chas. .Moor says tho bluffs
aro from 1500 to S1000 feet abovo tho
water, and almost icreudieular.
Khimnth Star.
It was not Kl Mahdi that died re
cently, but his uncle, more tho pity.
NO. 45
ABE IMMI0.RANT3 LIKELY TO BUFFER?
Wo heard a prediction mado tho other
day that many now coiners to Eastern
Oregon nnd Washington aro in dangor
of suffering for tho comforts of lifo dur
ing tho coining winter and that help will
havo to bo sent to them from Wostern
Oregon and Washington. It is not im
possible that somo imprudent parties
may have commenced their sojourn in
our region without sufllciont means to
carry thorn through until spring. If
that is tho fact wo havo abundant sup
plies of food to sharo with whoever shall
lack. All farm products aro plentiful
and low priced, so that tho producers
hero -iib elsowhoro nro not nblo to got
back tho cost of their products. Thero
nro thousands of woll-to-do pcoplo, of all
classes, who will shnro of their abund
anco with others who nro not well-to-do
Tho facts only roquiro to bo mado known
toiusuroa hearty VcspoiiBO from thoso
who have abundance. Somo demand
moro than is prudont and tho world
looks on thorn as impostors'. Tho pub
lic sentiment is loyal and liberal to all
who need nnd nny relinblo announce
ment that om follow bolngs suffer for tho
nccossnries of life, will not pass un
heeded. Tho Legislatures of this Shilo and
Washington will soon meet nnd Boards
of Trndo nro always subject to call.. Lot
us havo tho plain truth told and then
call for tho oxorciso of judicious liborali
ty. Portland is a rich city and can
easily bo gonorous to hor futuro cus
tomers. Tho farmors who hayo a groat
surplus ot everything can afford to
sharo with all who aro in ncod and tho
O. It. it N. Co. will, no donbt, convoy,
freo of charge, whalovor our westorn
pooplo aro inclined to contribute. It is
vory probablo that tho mining districts
of Idaho and Moiitann will havo many
dostituto prospectors, and others, who
aro who destitute. It is a strange con
dition, whoro so many suffer and so
mnny havo an actual plethora of every
thing their land can produce. Tho
world is terribly at odds and those who
havo abundance, after all, cannot pay
their debts.
All thoso immigrants need is timo to
plant and raiso ono crop and they begin
to bo producer?. Wo can all woll afford
to givo tho small sum, or product of our
farms, that is needed to start our now
comers along tho road to plenty, Givo
them a stmt now and their rugged in
dustry will make tho wholo region pros
per. Whenever tho Pacific Northwest
shall produco heavy crops it must pros
per and that is tho iiiln with us. Should
wo bo tried with a horious drouth, prices
may Ixt cut down, but with an abund
ance of life's necessaries in possession no
country or Stato can bo in actual dis
tress. They can do as our grand
mothers did, sow flux and nhucrnnd dress
wool and thon spin and wcavo all tho
garments wo require.
Tho California wheat, fruit and wlno
crops havo lately been cstimatod as
follows : Tho total whoat production at
00,000,000 bushels, against 51,000,000
bushels in 1880. This is tho largest crop
ovor produced in any Stato in tho Union.
Tho fruit crop, with tho exception of
pcachea, is (mormon. Wino shows n
great increase over ovory previous year.
Tho total aerugo in wheat is given at
:,500,000. Aftcrdeducting for seed nnd
homo consumption thoro will bo a sur
plus of 50,000,000 hu.helri, or !10,000,000
centals.
Growing moro and better wool on less
legs should ho tho motto, rather than
keeping a less number of sheep on a
farm. Wool is a'product that does not
tako fertility from tho soil like tho grow
ing grain, but actually adds to the valuo
of tho farm for grain-growing purKses.
Buyers aro talking about paying 50
cents to 1 loss per head for feoding
wothcrs, and interested parties aro talk
ing down tho prices of store sheep, but
as yet no falos havo been mado to fix
values.