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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 22, 1884)
. I w it 1 i jtotlt. Selecting Calves for the Dairy. Considering tho caro which stock in the hands of the dairymen generally sot, it is cafer to select hoifor calves from fairly good milkers, with vigorous con , Htitutions, with tho view of gelling ft foundation to develop heavy milkers from, than to take tho calves and cows -which run so much to milk as to run down in fle-di and pticngtli, unless tho latter wore fioiu a long lino of superior nnimnls. Tho fairly good animal iiny bo expected to repoat hen-elf, and givo a good basis for iinpiovcmciit, while tho totter, with littlo hope of duplicating her individuality, may faiily bo expected to develop something from her ancestors, which, in tho common stock of tho country, does not givo very strong grounds for liopo. Wo therefore sug gest, in selecting calves for replenishing tlio dairy, that tho constitution and vigor of tho dam bo given a leading import nnce in deciding what to raiso, not for getting thoinfluonco of the Biro. When selected, the young animals should bo treated with sulliciont care and liberality in feeding to keop them growing thriftily, not only through the summer, but thiough tho winter also. New milk at this season of tho year is valuable, and dnirymon often think thoy cannot aiioni to leou it, aim certainly U a pictty costly frcd, yot it is the moH miturul and best feed, but it is not a nrci"ity. We liavo raised calves lor many years, with very satisfactory results, on skim-nulk. by beginning with now milk and changing gradually to skim-milkia wavs feeding it warm and hw ect, until tho calves becomo old enough to graze for u considerable portion of their suppoit, when tho temperature of Iho milk was reduced by slow degrees to tho tomporaturo of the air, supplying tho place of cream with somo nutncious mibstiluto, usually a littlo oil-cake or cooked corn meal. Livo-Stock Journal. Selecting Brood Mares. The importance of selecting good aiaros from which to brood, has been re ferred to ofton in theso columns, but dcoming it of much greater importance than many of our farmers imagine, wo think tho mailer will bear conbtant ag itation. A correspondent of a foreign exchange gives his views in regard to tho selection of brood marcs, and for theso and suggestions in regard to tho same wo gl idly make room, anil would ask a careful pcrsual fiotn our patrons who aro in any way engaged in horso breeding, lie say;: They should com mence thoir inspection at tho ground and work upward. This is a good plan, ns sometimes a buyer is attracted by u showy-topped animul, with a lino Hymniotiical outline, and is so fascinated that ho neglects tho more important points tho fcot and legs. A brood mare should be young ond vigorous; her constitution not imparcd by continuous ymxn of excessive toil and hard feeding. Worn out mares aro not suitable to breed from ; thoy should have good, tough, open feet, tho patterns strong, but not too perpendicular. Tho canuon Imiiio tthould bo short, flat, and broad from iho side-view ; thighs and arms big and mu-vular. She should possess a good eln'-.t mid crest, with a clean out head; tin1 eyes lively, indicating docility and pin !; , tho neck fniilv long, and sell well in! the shoulders, whiuh should not l upwi'ight, but .-!antiug. She should i '. bo sliort-lueked (a niaro with length "d loom about her usually breeds i1 1, biggest anij best foals.) The ribs sho .'d be well sprung from tho back bone, mid deep both before and back, the ipiaiton long mid drooping behind. They thouUl bo broad on top, tail well set on, mid loins well arched ; but above all it is essential she should bo found. No niiuo should bo bred from that is a roarer or bioken winded, or has side or ring bones, bog or bone sp.ivins, week feet, badly shaped hocks or calf-knees. Another mutter vhiiih requires attention is tlio animals ieiter, mo oiispring; often taking the temper of tho dam. Tho importance, thorefoie, of selecting i quiet tempered niaro of sound consti tution for brooding purposes is apparent, mid though Inst, not lo:ut,ii mure should go straight and square in her action, as it is necessary in a'l eases, for whatever purpose they me used, that they should have good walking and dotting action. It is next to impossible to get a Iioi-mi K)ssessing as many good qualities and as few bad ones as one would wish, but it is well to remember that a mare should bo free from all hereditary diseases to Iw suitable for breeding purposes. It would therefore, 1h well to h ivo tho opinion of n( veterinary suigeon as to tho perfect soundness of a mare intended for tho stud. Of eouise, it is not intended that breeders should only put to the stud mares up to the standard described the object is to point out what i desirable in a mare, so that when ppportunity to ohnugo offer suitable mares should bo provided to replace objectionable ones. It often li.ippons that when a far nor luw a rvnlly goinl mare for brooding purposes he u to wnxious to part w 'th her if ho can ui.iko a few pounds, leuining a comparatively worthless one in her steul, which re-, intuits one oi killing tno gotfso win i.uu the golden egg. A giv.il deal has, boon f done tmv.ir.ls improving the breeding of other land of ttook, and with cry, WILLAMETTE FARMER: SALEM, OREGON, pmisenoithy and hiitisfactory n-MilK Why not follow in iho same track with the horse, which is so valuable to man? Iheedor and Sportsman. Succeis In Swine Breedl g. The country, on about tho first of July, is miiiikihhI to bo well supplied with young pigs jusl weaned. Men who have had a good deal of experience in rearing well-bred pigs do not require to be told how much deponds, if they would have a good measure of success, with tho wcalings, upon Iho tact and discretion tiH'd in assorting and dividing up tho litters not especially with the purpose of keeping each litter by itself, but grad ing thorn according to ago, size and condition. There are liable to bo pigs in each litter that aie less hardy and glow thy than others of tho same litter, and theso require special attention and if they do not icceivo it they will do badly through tho season, and such as live till winter will not bo likely to rally and do well during the continuance of cold weather. Theso delicate pigs are generally rcnilered so by some fault in tno food given to thesow while suckling them or from having become overheated too many laying' in tho same nest. Some pigs always got on top and you will notico are always tho best pigs. Thoy keep warm and dry whilo the under pigs arc almost smothered and overlaid by the other top ones. In this way they get overheatod and out of condition. It is not at all unlikely that some of the best pigs in tho litter will get out of condition in the manner named, which, with proper cure will catch up to the healthiest of tho litter and equal them in growth and symmetry of form at six mouths of age. Every hog-raisor of expe rience, who has made sales to a varioty of customers, known in tho hands of somo buyers tho culls of a litter will turn out better at the end of a given period than tho best selection will in the hands of others. The growing of a litter of pigjs that tho befct results may bo sesured, is like growing a crop of corn, tho best portions of tho corn will be whero tho crop has most nearly escaped tho vicissitudes through which a corn crop has to make its way, viz. : wet ground, weeds, no cultivation, etc. If these damaging influences be overcome a thrifty instead of an unthrifty condition will ensue in tlio case of tho corn. In the ease of the young pigs that are not out of condition from indigestion or from all irritablo or eoniested stato in the air passages, the very best of caro should bo observed by dividing tho pigs into such small bunches that there can bo no lwssibility of over-crow ding. These should havo perfectly dry sloeping places anil tho heading sjiould bo changed often. Spreading a layer of dry straw v.vor tho damp straw already in tho nest is a make-shift Mint will not answer the purpose Tho bedding snould boronew ed down to tho plank, tho p'ank should bo swopt and let dry oil before you put on the new bedding, and only when dry is the place fit for any young pigs, "'specially is this true of the unthrifty pigs. Tho samo prevention and caro that will rostoie pigs to health that aro doing badly will maintain tho health of those that are already thrifty. This lattor class will do well on snaked corn milk slop made from ground feed and water, in which a littlo oat meal is stirred with a snort run of grass each day, this latter to bo increarod as tho pigs gain ago ;' while the pigs that are out of condition should have what milk can bo obtained for them, with such additions of house slops as may bo available. It will always bo observed that somo of tho unthrifty pigs will rally Itoforo others. Theso should be removed and be classed by themselves, unless tho select food is abundant enough to supply all, as other wise the usual result will follow, the stiongost pigs taking tho lion's share. All breeders know the good effect upon tho mind ot visitors at seeing uniformity of si.o amongst the young things in the henl. llencn the pigs should bo assorted, eacii age unit coiuiitiou being together th it the fo.nl may be more readily and faiily apportioned inoory bunch. Tho only conceivable bad result that comics from assorting pigs, kcopiujjtucm ap.irt from each other entirelv is that when portions of tho different lots aro at any future time put together tho strangers aw quite likely to quarrel. To avoid this they m.iy bo allowed to ruu together on grass or in a suitable yard daily, where they can le watched till they be como accustomed to each other. Vicious Horsos Vicious horses are not desirable any where, but if there is ono place mow than another whero they are not wanted and should not lw found, it is on the farm. In the dill'erout work that horse. luo e to perform in farming it is ofton the case that they have to bo handled by several different persons during tin season, and often Iwys or men who arc incompetent. A horse with a bad dis position is not slow to understand whether he or the one who handles him is to Ik) the los-s, and w hen the least opportu nity is afforded tln are not slow to tnki advantage of it. llcns of men or bns being Killed by such liur s are quiK frviiuetit, mid uther mischuf that the no is u uiun iicnu or csjirncuivu. i u geiieratlv taking great rink of per sonal inju.v tr ot injuring others b keeping iuli aii.iiiuU mi the place, nud nnlr-s Ibnv have some redoeming qunili tit-s it is far better to part with them even at a sacrifice. The best place for a horse that is not. iM-rfceilv contle and reliable h in' tenuis, in cities whore ihev have constant work, and have tho same mas ter dav after dav. and the sooner they find their way to such positions the bet ter it is for them and tor an concerneu. ' About Bee Stings A bee sting affects different persons in ns many different ways. If everyone understood the nature of a beo sting and the sting of other insects, such as the wasps for instance, much of tho pain might be avoided. The wasp's sting is without barbs, and henco it is drawn out and can be used again db often a the wasp cares to use it. So with a hornet The eting of the honey beo has barbs on it and when it enters the flesh it remains in it and pulls outof the beo the little sack containing tho venom also which is death to the beo. The sack seems to have the power to inject tho poison through, or along a groove in one side of the sting into the flesh. Thus it will bo seen that if the sting is immediately pulled out of the flesh the pain is but little. But if allowed to re main more venom is absorbed and con sequently more pain follows. This is not mere theory, but a fact which we havo demonstrated, to our own sntisfac tion at lonst. The effect of the venom is instantaneous and it is doubtful if any outword application does any good though it sometimes seems as if the wound is pressed with tho pipe of a key, or ruhbed with ammonia, or clay wet with spittle, either of these will sootho a little. Tho best thing to do, however, is to pull out tho sting immediately. But here again prevention comes in as a pre ferable cure. This is ono one of the things that works by contraries, gener ally. It would seem that the less ono goes about the bees the less stings he would get. But unless he can stay away altogether the rulo will not work here. The moro one goes about them the more familiar they become with him and the less likely they are to attack any one, provided always, that he goes about gently and uses but few motions. Whether bees know their master or not is a mooted question, but certain it is they become habituated to his presence and movoments and feel no necessity of defending the colony, for it is this after all the bee is fighting for and he gives his life in defense of it. About Washing Butter. It is constantly a recurring question in the west, where it has boen tho practice for three-fourth of a century to gather butter in a hard mass, and let it stand from one to six days before working ovor, why butter should bo washed to free it from buttermiik instead of being worked to accomplish tho same thing. Tho reason is that working does not accom plish the same thing. Most people have plans of their own in working butter with their hands, with a ladel, with a worker, and in a butter bowl, but each is con ducted upon the principal that butter milk is water, and docs not contain any other substances which should be wholly removed from the butter. These people do not understand that theso substances exist, and can bo dissolved outjfar better than worked out. This last operation is calculated to divide and subdivide these drops of moisture that remain imprison ed by the mass of butter, rattier than to expel them entirely. Buttermilk contains particles of un claimed oreaui, caseous matter, sugar etc., to the auioont of over ten per cent of its weight, and theso are all foroigu to good butter or its keeping qualities. Soveral of theso substances are soluble in water, especially casein; brino absorls others, ami it is vory. easy to see that washing soon has theso substances nil removed. High inithorities liko Prof. Arnold assert that thero is n membran ous matter to bo found in buttermilk of "tle-hy" elmvieter which is lia'ilD by do cay to destroy tho flavor of the biitter unless removed. This can only be per fectly accomplished by washing, as try ing to expel it by pressure would unit" it more firmly to the globules. After working butter all tho moisture that re mains, somo lli per cent, must be charged with tlio same elements that are in the oxpelled fluid, but if wo wnsh out this buttermilk, mid. at last exchange the It! per cent of natural 'moisture with its casein, etc , for pure water and salt, the butler is left as pure us any mechanhal process, can make it. Tho globules of tho, butter have not been flattened or in jured by working, as is ofton the case wl.on butter is worked until tho butter milk is expelled, or (what is called es lo led) invisible to tho eye. If butter when in the granular stato is w.i-hed free from the extra neons matters, lis keeping qualities must be far superior to thai in which these elements are adowed to remain, thoiuh even in lunniOi.itliie quantities. When butter is washed free troiu these matters bv a not very strong briue it is then possible or silt to preserve butter, but if they re m.iiii no salting will add one day to its keeping, but u a measure becomes a di-guiso to (iiiiceM other ll ivors and im ,vi factions, th'in finally show tin uw-lvcs in all oor butt"'-. When turner is wwlied ii is possible to churn, salt and iui k at the one performance, with great saving of labor. I. is argm-.l that, miles butter is al 1 invito stand for several hours after AUGUST 22, Igg ...!:.,. ti.n i.nttnr will havo a streaked or mottled appearance. This will bo so if the butter is allowed todrain too long after taking from the churn ; but it it is salted when containing a large amount ot this moisture, tho salt will bo dissolved in working, and there will bo no danger of finding sharp, flinty crystals of salt when cutting down the grain of the butter, and by tho timo the butter is worked enough, the liability of streaks will be avoided. The possibilties of streaks may be also lessened by putting "'" nuantities into tho packago at a time, when packing, and if the pressure is evenly and firmly applied, and tho ap pearing moistuie absorbed as tho pack ing proceeds.- the streaks will bo very few. J.G., in Country Gentleman. Things to Remember. Three things to govern : Tho tonguo, temper, actions. Three things to avoid: Idleness, slang, falsehood. Three things to hate: Profanity tobaco, liquor. Three things to despise: Cruelty, meanness, ingratitude. Three things to cultivato : Sympathy, cheerfulnees, contentment. Three things to admire: Intellect, beauty, music. Three things to value : Time, money, health. Three things to respect : Old age, law, religion. . Three things to love: Honosty, purity, truth. Three things to revere : Tho Sabbath echool, the Church, the Bible. Knit Lace cast on 11 Stitches. First Row Knit 2, ovcy, narrow, over, narrow; knit 3, over, narrow, over twice, narrow, knit 1. Second How Knit 3, purl 1, knit 1, over, narrow, knit 5,over, nanow, knit 1. Third Row Knit 2, over, narrow, knit 5, over, narrow, knit 2, over, narrow. Fouith Row Knit 5, ovorT'narrpw, knit 5, over, narrow, knit 1. Fifth Row Knit 2, over, narrow, knit 2, over, narrow, knit 1, over, narrow, over twice, nairow, over twice, narrow. Sixth Row Knit 2 purl 1, knit 1, over, narrow, knit 5, over, narrow, knit 1. Seventh Row Knit 2, over, narrow, knit 3, over, narrow, ovor, narrow, knit 6. Eight Row Bind off 3, knit 3, ovor, narrow, knit 5, over, narrow, knit 1. Repeat from first row. S-Uhtl.. nftruU4 UA-MTlrOlT Potato rl ttn.n me im f)rt' TflflEolEI ??s-.J . .C'7"P!W1L .-"-,..-$ -l.-A.', I ' tVVJTS pPO-"!?' UKn C .- - ptVvN r a. puf BK .Bi JUpi !2&i: S Digs Ism fB "5: 3 OS SWIIT wr Wsz2r H 5a roTAT0E3yXisSgS''r1M gg 3C fife W&Ztt fc ' - --J We? ," ;.- -'-rr-s, THE !W SSILLOfl :i..io . i , ,.,i , i ? i .ii ,1,.,,, 1,,1-tiiv RlSti ..., ;-. -JO , KajMlloa. 0., A,l ' ' .J I-. wtllTt SfliJ f0 . n ' " , l" ' " - J.t (VM .tltt. Ill RUSSELL & 0., nrnifh Home, rartlnnil, Orrgnn. Jnnltt Banner Apiary Supplies. PI'KE IIKKD ITALH BEES.-FULL COL O.M il Sitmil!(-!lv MlA miu, fn.nl.h.J i A - $l7.Sfl, In crate, $10; hlio complete, with f.d n.. 87.'80: in ntSJ GO; mickers, 81. Wx wanted or taken Ik ex. ihtnge tor I.U n. Drltfht t ct.it., COc per pound; drk, 50o per pound. Untestel Italian Q,ueen,$i. 50. Toted rtnourw 411 0 I ah f. -,( aa 1 i it - . ucctii sent by mtll prepaid. TMonty mutt accom- r..rf ........ v..v. von ini.s iu.i uii 1 1 (usim vr Oregon City, or RtnUU-red lett-tr to MllnauMe hti arrh it guarantee J Prlc IUt free. plS A teres.-: J.D IlL'SK, MiUaultte. Oregon DEN im. T i:. I S T R Y HOWELL, rXAlTICAL. DEftTIST. Office t ren dence ef Wtaley Howell, Howell l'rlrlo. All work dourunXew Mjlr, una ulUfur llon sanrmntrfil. limartl MILLLER BROS. Ageuts TOR ORECON AND WASHI.S0T0NTERRIT0W ninnneai appointed gtneral aeente for Or evon and Waahlneton lor the .ale ol Imperial ESk looit. the he.t preprtlon lor the poultry jard Vnowi . bend lor Catalojueo, free upon amplication. Jinl9m jaii.t.t.11 hki., lortland, Cr. Fast Potato DiggiEfg TF.E IXiULRCH HjIHU Kgefa i?SilVll?i7?riI"Tc .. .v v..,. itiii-,r, lia-s. aa.w.atoD!2tix IloriSrcl SENT ON 60 Days' iii;o:uai)ij TtstTrUL -.arfifj. -Ci?rJ- isgE?' ...t?Vv-rltn U iiJMUtja IMlHtr.UlNl ICainlisjnic.inSU llrUtiast tulorv. liatco-t es IWloimLll.h. Jaaarah Haatifactoriag Ca.. SSStSSS. Ea. rr.t71.BE8T ,S CHEAPIStT" sSSlTHBESHEBSSag. .SKJ,,J'S"-"us'- HnulMHiuiiihifciu, IMPERIAL EGG FOOD. Jfes5irra s. -v TV .ia:i rc v najv ..IKL' .--, --, . tiiJWPvT-rS'SS asJSiKirfiffl Bee Keepers Supplies I The undersigned has for le at fair prices nice comb foundation for both brood neet and surplus boxes. Bee hives of the moat approv ed style with both broad and narrow I rime alsi surplus boxes and dther "fixings" boa men require. I am lso prepared to recelra orders .for Italian Queens tho same being bred from choice imported mothers and war ranted purciy mated. 1'rico of Queens, ia June, $3. In sending orders for foundation state Bizo of thctt, nnd whether luavy ir lieht is required. 1'iico cent npon applica tion. K Y. CHASE, Salem, Or. Johnson grass, timothy and clover sed. MILLER BROS., Seedmen, ilo. 209 Seronil Ktrrc I, Portliiml. HAVE A LARGE INVOICE OK THE ABOVi named irnwB seeds. They tan supply all d Diandi In lots to suit Purchasers. Send for price-list. THE Corbett's Fire Proof Livery Hack & Feed Stable. Corner 3d and Wain Streets, Tortland, Oregon, L. B. MAGOON, Prop. rpELEPnONE NO. l0..Haoks .M. ' 's U SO Ot Tft , Orders (or Hacks and Baggage wngou . promptly attended to dav or n C. W. JEFFREY, VETERINARY SURGEON. Treats the Diseases cf Doraistlc Animals. ALL questions pirtalnln? to the profession, ant- eri'U hy mall G'astontlnsr Celts and RigellDn a specialty. Offlca at the Ford & Ellis Livery Stable. Sa em, Oregon, Jantf TAKE 1R. IIi;LKY'8 Dandelion Tonic I A PPtlTilM ntTDV vnrt Slalaria, Indigestion, DyrDerjala. Loss of Appetite, Nervousneis, Through over-work, and all dkordera of the Stoma and Lher. Thlil.lust the leasonof the year whe ln Tnnlr Is ftf lnaarlnLaM& .1... v..i aTL .. and Summer months Malaria Is preralent and one feels ImmM Anil Jhis.. J . 1 ..... . C . mi..., uuu uoprewiu nunoUl KnOWUHT why. Th sjstem neds tonlor and Invlaoratlnc. JiUmlXl ' 80 fft',al HENLY'3 DANDELIOH TONIC. Mi your druinriat or a bottle, and tak nothing else. DANDELION TONIC CO.. 'Pnim l-ORTLAND, ORiXJOK. DEDERICK'8 HAY PRESSES. .tft . - 0 tho easterner k1t,rfStSiL Mk keeplfStheoao r:;vff:o,"-. .PTAbXv. .' : Order on trial, address for circular and locatloa ot Westsrn aad southern Storehouse and Areata. P. K. OIOBRICK A CO., Albany, N. V.' S .P fai M sa i A for any dlHauility mIso f- bl0ltla" niilovis, Children, rf".L ' '" U' il'ar.nts. 1'en.lon now Increased. Charges ofDeimon removed Discharges and Bounty 'obtained. Hore claims now raid, bend Jtt'y since f85 for Claims & Patent. Washlneton.D. c! tamps Iorwta. and blanks. Col. I,. IUNGIUM. ?WViZt& . r.r ' ::.vvzsZi,:.m imstmmik .. .1 bj mailed KflKZ to "" -Ppllcanli an I to . .u nrs of last lla.k.v . '.litliuuc orucrin it. ,f conla:na illustntiona, nriiM. licFCriftini mid u--tUons for plantirs nil Vi.ft.-l.le nnd Klmvcr t Jj, Plants, cic. Uis.llualtl'j: to nil. aM.FERRX-SG0.D5B0o,J. i'. ii'.M.i'.i !:.j:.kijUiI ?r:") 7 fp i ss . 'i 1 ,t l.iu.ifi.1 j,c t "jti. r-icict ' .ivi ii 'i d : f.i.-.,,,iiu. . 1 . .lui.v,yourCI.O ,. .11 W. I ,u.-tu 2 i .sai.ai'-sa::' .r j:cc f.irai roi..r frr.lOu. JU ivi tiVC .-. ! .ri.'-.c.nio I'rpconti' ohor U.ii'mMcKClic.iCo k .In r- i.M.r (InrKSWCUIB;,.,. ;.... " ' ' - Mrii."Aii' il.m...'-rr. i ' THE DIHCCE A COI-UriD "O. "'" n'Qwtrt. West Groin i'.. . , OTIlO TIUYERS" GUIDB 13 t sued March and Sept., each voir; 210 pages, SJxllJ niw-hps, with over 3,300 illustrations a whole pic . ,. ttiro gallery. Gives whole sale prices Jtrect la consilium on nil goods for personal or family tito. Tells how to order, and giuy tuait cost of every, llung ;ou use, cat. drink, wear, or have fun with. These invaluable books con tain information gleaned from the mai UU of the world. We will mail a con t reo to any address upon receipt o tha pontage 7 cents. Ut us hear from you. Respectfully, MONTGOMERY WARD & CO. RUPTURE AUolutly cured In 30 to J. br D, pitm'i ralent MMu.ua iaauo 'j'ruaa. . "uWtli"ilrElMtrlTra al when. Perfect Betalner. and ! worn Sri" d eoiufcrl nialit au! d.y. Cure .,kT..'JS.TK';;.'- orH.wYort. SilP ZhiLlSL vl! ,iMr" e llluiwawa nam & 96 NEW-Cjia5-CH0ICES3 . rxaru.iM. WIcl1oice,chp,s l Ai.U. xauii'lei 2Ro$es::hs$i 30PACKlH,SFro-,V,'.'iV:tSl. lr lSi"r. "" -t '-'.' OrwabSuS i Al.M..-, UA.K, l.Alii; till Tl", Ulllt lO JKBBI if H r IBEdRIHU i injA ba w -KVsr- o'r- mrJ i '.fW-fi x gspwr't'ya, IL(J JTm mk& ll aMKri t PATENTS? HaniJ-Book FREE. .S. A. P. LACEr. AUTa.WaaUait.s.0.it