WILLAMETTE FARMEB: SALEM, OREGON, JULY 25, 1884
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irwued every Week by the
iXTILLAMKTTi: t AKm.Il 11 III IHIII.NU CO.
W TfalUlS OF HUJISCIUPTIO.
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1'ublicatlon Office: INo. 0 Wuhligtou Street.
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Notice to Subscribers.
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est arransro to send in their runcHals in ample tunc
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taTAll subscribers can tell I, the printed tajronTEi
rthcir pjper cxactlj when tbeir tln.c will cxpire.Til
another Important point: AM. COMMUNICATIONS
nND LETTERS SHOULD HE ADDllhSSED TO THE
"WILUMKTTK FAU1ILU,"
HTANYONE RECKIVING A COPY OF
THIS PAPER WILL CONSIDER IT AN
INVITATION TO SUBSCRIBE.
Mk. Bi.vim.'h letter of iieccptiinco is II
very lengthy untl ablo review of nil the
matters of ititeie-'t to tho Amoiiciin
people. He takes u strong position in
lavor of all good works, eivil hoi vice re
form included, nnd shows tho side of tar
iff protection to American industries.
It is woll writton and covcrn the great
field of political argument. Ho has
iwiitcd for the national Demociiitic
platform to bo mado public nnd so is
lhlo to foitify himself ho far as it is pos
sible to do so by argument and political
reasoning.
Tiu.nn has been n chnng?' in tho mill
Jug industry in our city. Tin- City of
fialcm Company km rooiganieil under
tho heading of "Halom, Oregon, Ciipitnl
Kloiir Milks Co. (Limited)," with Win.
.Mtnpson niiuitigcr. They nuke an
nouncement in this ibue of their intcii
iioiih and also the locations of their rati
ons wnrehoiiKOs. This conitmny is rep
resenting Scotch capital and with char
acteristic push will lunko thoir mills
second to none. Thoy want ehoico
nhcat and will pay tho highmt price for
tho Bamc. This mill has no connection
whatever with tho Salem Flouring Mills
Company.
Tin: v father is an all-aboibing topic
at iicont, and commands attention. To
jay it has slouned will express menger
ly tho condition of allairs. Thoio were
fears enteitained of lust, but nono has
.ret appeared - that is, to any oxlont.
Tbeio have been small patches of grain
thiown down and in n few t ,ics it has
coma up again. Tho damage is not
one-tenth pint of what was expected.
At the proMnt timo appeatances indi
cate that a change has como with tho
new nli.ues of tlto moon. A few days
of sunshine and the harvest will be in
hill blast.
Willi i: a (ii;i:wdeal of hay is i-onie-xhal
damagod by the uu-eiiounlilo rains
it is not piolublo that much has been
absolutely spoiled. Some rank grain is
thiown down, which will causo tioublo
mil expense to got it cradled, but wo do
not hear that much grain is loally
spoiled by the rains. To ollk't this par
tial lovi thero must bo gteat loiielit to
jmiViin and pastures. Wo can testify
alio oichauls show linger and liner fruit
than usual and are improved by the
ihowcis. Take it all mound and thoio
is leason to hope for a balance of advan
tage to mow than componsato for tho
slight injuiy done by tho "latter rain."
LIEUTENANT C1KEELY KESCUED.
Tor sou'ial yeais back tho public has
read of tho hopes and fe.us expressed by
Washington authoiities coneeiniug tho
fnto of Lieut, (lieely and tho party of
twenty-four in all who accompanied him
to tho Arctic regions in 1881. Tho
facts mo as follows I.ieut. Oroelj is an
olliccrof tho flth cavalry, n tall, slender
man, wluwo appearanco donotcs inoro
neivous thin phv-.ieal foieo. Will power
is strong in such men, and ho went un
harmed through exposim", hanUhip'S,
death and disaster More which stronger
men g.io way and died. His assistant
was Lieut. J. H. Lock wood of tho 2:ld in
fantry. Thcio wore four other commis
sioned officers nnd most of tho remainder
;uon commissioned men nnd some pii
vutes. Tho coinpnny compribtHl twenty
four in all. Tho steamer Proteus con
voyed them from St. Johns, Xow Found
laud, to Discovery Harbor, which they
reached August 11, 1881.
This tnpoditiott wa sent out in ac
cordance with tho plana of tho Interna,
tioual Geographical Congress that had
htoly met at Hamburg. They wont to
.vm-JZs-f TfcaiCariTJ ' raz?
fri-V 7" ' Tr.' --
take charge of tho American station at
Lady Franklin Hay, ono of a series of
circum-polar stations for scientific oper
ations. The point selected for their
woik was Diocoveiy Harbor, latitude SI
deg. 41 min. and longitude Gt deg. 45
min. wet; mo-t northerly of all points of
observation, and one mot difficult of
access.
ine latest news iccciveu of tlic oxpo-
dition wa-! a lottor wiitten by one of the
mombci" dated September, 1881, soon
alter too annul ol tho party. It was
understood that (irccly and his party
should make sledging excursions from
that point and that relief vessels bhould
be sent in 1S82 and 18S.'!, and so on un
til they wcie returned. To state tho
points briefh . tho lelief easel sent in
1S82 contonded with ice nnd could not
proceed to tho northwaid as intonded,
so cached stores wheic it was thought
Orocly would find them on his return.
The relief expedition of 1883 was also a
failure. Lieut. Yarlington was in com
mand and seems to haedono his best,
but blame attachos to the chief of tho
Weather Ihucnu, fieneial Hazen. Tho
whole scientific woild was now aroused
and in sympathy with plans for the re
lief of the little party devoted to the inter
ests of science, that seemed to bo aban
doned by fate in the far regions of the
icy Xoith. Our readers are familiar
with the plans recently devised for re
lief of Lieut. Greely. Secictary Chand
ler of the Navy Department took tho
matter in hand, planned tho expedition
and equipped it fully, and carefully
studied all tho features of Arctic explo
ration necessary to understand tho ne
cessities of tho case. Our government
fitted out tho Uenr and tho Thetis steam
ors, and Lngland fitted out and oflbrod
the Alcit, famous alroady for Arctic ex
ploration. This floet left our shores
eaily this spiing, freighted with hopes
and wafted with prnyers. Last Thurs
day tho glad news was received that tho
(irccly party was icscued and wo pro
ceed to give tho details as briefly as pos
sible.
The stoiy of tho Grooly partyafibrds
one of the most thrilling nnd exciting
of many tales of tho Artio discovery.
On the !22d of June, under gioat diffi
culty, during a torrific storm, signals
weio descried horn the shore and the
steam launch from the Thetis made for
tho land. Tho excitement of tho dis
covery was hightcned by tho great dan
ccr that accompanied tho rocuo. It
was found that of the original twenty
four only sovon woro living. All who
suivivcd weio starving and could not
oven go to meet thoir rescuois. Greely
has lead tho piayers of tho dying just
as tho roscuo xvas announced. Ho was
diesied in fur; stood on his hands and
knees; was haggard in tho oxtiomo;
eyes deep sunken and his voice woak
and faint. All were near staivation,
living on mo-s, lichens and shiiinps to
small they could not find enough to sus
tain life.
Tho scone of thoie-cuo is full of in
tenso pathos; tho survivors woio almost
insane with joy and had to bo fed caio
fully and only peimitted to lmvo liquid
food for sevcial days. Ono of tho seven,
Seignant Lllison, died thtco days after
coming on boaid. In tho November
previous on a journey to find hidden
stores ho was fioen sohis hands and foot
c.uno oil' and lived eight mouths in that
tciriblo condition. Tho story of tho he
roic party nro senreo equalled by tho an
nals of fiction or of truth. So long as
they had any food all lived and boio up
bravely, oven though there was ono ter
rible winter when" they had only ice
huts for sheltor and fur bugs to keep
warm in. iliey survived the Arctic
winter without any fire, eating their
meat (seal blubber often) raw, nuikiug
scientific obsoivntion- and exploring to
a point higher than oven tho Lnglish
exploieis had over reached.
Here, in biief, is tho latest story of
Arctic adventure, which is full of heroic
endeavor and nlo adds to the wealth of
science nnny nuteiial facts that are
givjtly to the honor of our country and
of our countrymen who made their way
to within six degrees nnd a fraction, less
than I ."it) miles of tho pole, to latitude
SU deg. 21 min, and one of its. patties,
while exploring, was actually drawn into
tho opjn polar soi where Dr. l'avcy was
ndiift ono day. In all thcirdistrcss they
preserved thoir uvords ami instruments.
According to instructions they made
their way southward in tho fall of 1883,
but the mistake of tho relief juities was
in leaving food on tho wrong side of
Smith's Sound, so they found no stores
us thev came southward. It was duo to
finding Kuglish stores, lon concealed,
that they succooded at all and that any
survived. They worn on tho edge of
starvation when relief eniuo to thom and
not u single ono of thttm nil could have
survived three days longer. It w.u c-
timatcd that sixty-eight hours would
have decided tho fate of all of them.
Several of them wero only saved by the
most careful treatment.
WHERE IT PATS.
On the first ripening of peach plums
we took a few to Salem and sold them
for a fair price, but within three days
farmers were bringing in thoir fruit and
selling for 75 cents and oven less a
bushel. Whereupon wo withdrew from
the green fruit trade and took up the
drying process. It is very certain that
very ehoico dried plums and prunes will
sell at 10 cents a pound, and that moans
rl.CO to $2 for tho bushel of green fruit,
less oxpenso of diying. Ten cents
is n low price but it is certain to
net the prune grower double what
green fruit will sell for, besides which
there is danger that green fruit will
dccliy and be worthless! Tho man who
depends on selling fruit in its ripe
stato has uncertainty all around him.
The demand is limited and uncertain
and when tho market is over supplied
prices drop to nothing; wheicas, dried
fruit will keep for yeais and has tho
world for a customer. AH that is requi
site to make all fruit salable at fair price,
is to evaporate it nicely and have it ap
pear in good shape. Appearances have
much to do with salablencss and pack
ing in good form is a great help to ap
pearances. The fruit grower who will
grov good fruit and cure it well has a
sure thing on a market at fair paying
prices, while the slovenly man who does
all his work carelessly has no show to
get even what his waies should be fairly
worth.
UNPRECEDENTED FOR JULY.
Never boforo, in the third of a centu
ry since settlement has boon increasing
rapidly in this legion, has theio been
such a summer as this we are now en
during. There is a tradition among
ancient ones among pioneers that there
was a summer previous to 1850 we
have heard that it was in 184S when it
rained all summer so constantly that no
grain crop vvns saved. That was not a
time when Oiegonians had begun to feed
the w orld to any largo extent. Of course,
it was a misfortuno to early comers to
hnd their harvests hindered or destroyed.
Now, if wo can foim an opinion of the
result of recent protracted rains, thoy
hav o brought calamity on many patient
and long suffering people.
Never before do we know of any such
July rains as wo have had of late. Much
of tho hay crop was cut and exposed to
nil tho rains. Whole fields of magnifi
cent winter wheat Ho prostrate and can
only bo saved with difficulty. To very
many wo fear it is indeed a calamity
thoy will dcoply mourn, but it can bald
ly equal the loss by rust some years ago.
Tho evil is not unmixed or unmitigated,
however. Tho pastures have revived
nnd gaulens and orchards are improved.
Wo sco in market tho largest and finest
fruit over known, even in Oicgon. Our
own expci ience is that fruit is acquiring
gicat exccllenco as well as size. I5ut
these mo secondary when wo roalizo that
gtoat staples aro damaged so seriously.
Tho loss of eaily whc.it, whntov or it may
be, is in pait compensated for by the
gain of lato sown ciops. Wo can hope
for prosperity notwithstanding all the
losses certain to be inclined. Theio is
greater variety of production than a few
years ago and wo can only hopo that tho
rains will soon censo and give us oppor
tunity to gathor up tho Augments that
aro left.
INDIA AS A WHEAT UR0WINO COUNTRY.
The possibilities of India as a wheat
growing country is attracting attoution
and a few facts legarding tho past and
proj-ont may not bo amiss. Our readers
need have no fears of competition for
awhile, but the facts wo append will
only go to show what we will bo obliged
to competo with, and tho noeefsity for
being prepared to meet it. Also tho
necessity of completing tho Nicaragua
canal across tho Itthmu-, for it is not
at nil improbable that America will meet
with sharp competition in the wheat
markets of tho world. India promises
to become a most iuvitiug field for wheat
production. The inciea-o of product
during tho last few years has been some
what lonurkable. Cheap labor, n rich
soil, a teeming population aro some of
tho advantages that India offers in the
growth and production of wheat. Hith
erto tho greatest drawback has lccn the
want of transportation facilities. It hns
been almost impossiblo to move tho vast
crops from tho interior. Tuts iiuiiculty
is being remedied, and with increased
and suitable transportation facilities
there setma to bo pr.ictic.Uly scarcely
any limit to tho supply of wheat that
can bo furnished from this source. Ten
years ago India's wheat export amount-
ed to 400,000 hundred weight. Now it
is over 20,000,000 hundred vcight, or
fifty times as much. Tho wheat pro
duction of India is now estimated at
250,000,000 to 325,000,000 bushels. The
capabilities of Indian exports of wheat
are still in their infancy. They can be
quadrupled without seriously embar
rassing tho homo demand. The en
largement of the railway service is sure
to increase, and that very largely, this
export. Indeed this has been the effect
already to a remaikable extent. An in
crease of railway service of 25 percent,
during tho last fno years has been fol
lowed by an incrcaso of wheat exports
to the amount of 200 per cent. Tho
aica of whoat production in India is
almost limitless. In many districts a
bountiful crop is now regarded as al
most a calamity.
In tliecenti.il piovinccs wheat solK at
twenty cents per bushel, and it is esti
mated they are callable of produi nig
wheat for 20,000,000 more people than
their present population. In this con
nection the New York Times says : "In
a laud of ncaily 1,100,000 square miles
of area and a population of 250,000,000
with but 10,000 miles of railroad, tho
fntuic which awaits only the increase
of railways is one of almost inconceiv
able progress."
An experienced buyer of silks says
that a good test to seouie ono from being
deceived in the quality of black silk is
to pinch a specimen on the bias and af
teiward pull it in an opposite direction.
If tho crease mode by the pinch looks
liko a similar fold in a piece of writing
paper, reject the piece unhesitatingly.
On the contrary, if the mark smooths
out and is hardly distinguishable, it is
safe to purchase.
PROSPECTUS.
TT'OIl THE PURPOSE OF PLACING THE
W ILLAMETTE FARMER
W ithlo tho reach of every farmer in the Pacific North
nest, o -hall after this date reduce the price as
follows :
One Year, In Advance, $ 3.00.
i lub of Ten, (money with names) 15 OO
Clubt of Fit r. (mono) with names,) 8.73
Postage Stamp- will not he taken for Subscription.
Tins new schedule of puces is meant to
accommodate all classes and leave no room for
complaint or dissatisfaction. Ac the price
named above this paper is the cheapest on
the Pacific Coast.
As many persons have objected to bein?
asked to pay in advance we reduce the sub
scription price to those who make advance
payment and shall never deviate irom the
terms stated. You can make money by pre
payment, and wc preter that all should pur
sue that plan.
Wk intfmi to make a farmers' paper
that every fanner in the land will need and
will not willingly do without.
We UMiiiwrixu the interests of agricul
ture in all this legion and intend to con
tinually study and work for the advancement
of the class wa represent.
Wk iuv E correspondents in all sections of
the Pacifio Northwest who will report the
success of farming in every locality.
We mivli. keep pacti with prodaction in
every department, nnd report, through cor
respondents and from perconal observation,
all important facts concerning farming in all
its branches including productions of grain,
grasses, fruits and vegetables; concernine
stock raising, the value of cattle for meat and
for dairying, of horses for all purposes; of
sheep for wool and mutton, or both; of swine
aud poultry. Also, as to bees and honey.
We -inn continue to study the markets
and inform our pations on all points, so that
they vt ill be able to judge the situation for
themselves. Our old patrons will bear wit
ness e have worked faithfully, in this con
nection, in the past. We shall do so in the
future. No daily newspaper m Portland has
ever given the producers of the country such
clear views of the world's ciopj ami markets
asthc Fakmiu often does. Our maiket re
ports have been worth hundreds of thnnsauds
to the producers of tins region. We shall
carefully cull such miscellaneous matter for
use as will benefit and mstruct both vonng
and old. The Farmi it aims to be an educator
in every department of life.
OCR editorials will freely and intUnend-
ently discuss every miestion that interests the
people from the standpoint of right. So far as
we have influence, it shall be exerted in tatnr
of good principles, good government, true re
hgion, temperance and tor education of tho
masses of the (iencral and Stato Govern,
meuts.
Tin. Home Circie is edited by a hdv of
mature experience in the labors of the fanner,
.indwell acquainted with the wajs of the
world. She interests herself in all thedutus
aud pleasures of home. Thousinds bear w it
ness to the good influence the Farmer exnts
in many homes to make the lives of mothers,
w ives and children better aiuVhappier.
As a familv irn; the FvRaiti: sustains
the closest relations to the people and exer
cises the most salutatory influence. The
WiLLAMETre Fvrsiir is not local in charac
ter, as the name might mislead you to believe.
It was named fifteen jean ago, when the
Willamette Valley was Oregon, but it has ex.
panded and prown with the gronth of the
country and represents all the agriculture of
Oregon and Washington.
Tm is the farmer's own organ, open for
all to relate experience, seek information, and
state any griev ance they may have to can
plain of aiMiust whoever and whatever seeks
to oppress or deceive them. Our columns be
leng to the people, and the value of the Far
mer chiefly depends on such popular utter
ances. The Editor brings to your assistance the
experience of 33 ears spent in this region;
intimate knowledge of the country; many
vears connection with sericulture and tv.ui
years' acquaintance with miny of you in the
coluinns of the Farmer.
The reduction of prices is made in expect-
tiuu uiai it win unng increased circulation.
We aak every friend to aid us in that respect,
and alull appreciate the good will of all
who do so.
HEW THIS WEEK.
Words Fail s?SSS
StXBT Caster, of Nashville, Tenn., "tot
the benefits derived from ,
Ayer's Sarsaparilla.
llavlng been afflicted nil my life with Scrof
Mla, my system seemed saturated with It. It
came out in Blotches, Ulcers, anil Mattery
Sores, all over my body." Mr. Carter states
that he was entirely cored by tho use of
Ater's Sarsaparilla, and since discon
tinuing Its use, eight months ago, he has had
no return of tho scrofulous symptoms.
All bineful infections of the blood are
promptly removed by this unequalled alter
tlvo. !
PREPARED BT '
Dr.J.C.Ayer&Co., Lowell, Mass.
Sold by all Druggist-; f I, six bottles for 15.
SALEM, OREGON-
CAPITOL FLOUR MILLS CO.
LIMITED.
(Kinrgitiiled from llic Cllj orSnlrm In.)
BANKERS:
FIRST NATIONL BANK OF SALEM.
Head Office, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Local Office and Mills, Salem, Or.
Authorized t'tiptlal. ttoo 000.
.1110,000.
Preterit lnuc.
SnLEM, Oregon, 10th July, 1834.
Dear Sir: Referring to the annexed cir
cular, I have the pleasure of informing you
that the above Company having acquired all
the valuable property, plant and privileges of
the City of Salem Company's Capitbl Mills,
has commenced to carry on the business of
Flour Millers and Wheat Merchant?.
You are doubtltss familiar with the build
ings and michineiy, which are unequalled in
this State, and I need here only Bay that,
owing so the improvements introduced, this
company is enabled to produce the finest flour
that can be obtained from Oregon wheat, and
which is already winning its way in public
lavor in ureat Dmam and elsewhere.
Very ample facilities are given at the Pub
lic Warehouse at Salem for storage qf wheat.
The Warehouse has a capacity for 200,000
bushels, and. whilo owned by this Company,
is managed and conducted as n distinct and
separate undertaking. The Company has
also Warehouses at Independence Buena Vista
and Marion, conductedon the same principle,
where farmers are invited to store their wheat
for which the highest cash price of tho day
will always bo given.
The Company looks on its interests and that
of the farmers of Oregon as largely identical.
In its efforts to produce a high class flour it
can only succeed by having the co-operation
of the farmers in raising that choke While
Wheat which is so much valued for milling
purposes.
Every facility will be given as regards
finances, arrangements having been made with
the First National Bank of Salem to make
cash advances against warehouse wheat re
ceipts until you see fit to sell.
Grain sacks can be had at the various Pub
lic Warehouses, or will be sent to you when
ever requested, and I hope to be favored with
your business, which will at all times be es
teemed by Yours faithfully,
WM, SIMPSON, manager.
CITY OP SALEM COMPANY.
Selkm, Oregon, 10th July, 1SS4.
Dear Silt: I beg to inform you that the
buildings and property of the above Company
have been sold ami transferred to the Salem
(Oregon) Capital Flour mills Com
pany, Limited, which will now carry on
the business of Hour Millcia and Wheat
Merchants.
To this now Company I respectfully solicit
your confidence aud support.
I am, yours faithfully,
WILLIAM REID,
I'reilileiit Cllj iirsnlriu Coinnauj.
NOTICE TO FARMERS,
And all Interested In Fruit Drying.
JOHN Jiitusir ct- soy,
ALBANY, : OREGON
Manufacture to Older
GALVANIZED WIRE CLOTH
For Trnjs and Fiuil Driers.
ORDERS FILLED OS SHOUT JtOTICE. ALSO
nuke to order
MOWN MIBfc MAlTBKSSEs.Mlth or ulthout
tlc,hteucr.
PElllOHlTFIt 2I for Fanniiiz Mills, anl all
U-idjol Wlltl. t'LOTM.
OREGON WIRE WORKS,
i""S Sm A Lit INT, Oreson.
STUDENTS.
IX PEXMAXSIIIP.
TV. )lrfOVVi:il IS GIVINO LESSONS IN
rialu and Ornamental Penmanship, In the
Dorthttest connrof High nnd Court street. At i SO
and 7 30 P M. Persons ttlhinj to take lesson can
cartmenre an) da) In the tteck.
Terms or Tulllou. tor plain ttrillny, 1J les
sons, SiW, or lor SI lesson For pen draine, 14
lessons, W. or $10 per month. Old and jouns- are In
tlted to atund. m.ir-stf
rrlce-llst.etc
Thoroughbred
P'Ultry aud ems,
1011 Broadr
,-I 3 Oakland : : CaL
S-ifebSm
FANCY POULTRY.
Plymouth Rocks
EXCLUSIVELY.
STRAnTOnUtted dampens of th. Tcintiasnt So
i . " o05"..6- Cash must accompany orders.
Addrws : J. H, GARRISON. Forest CrOTeTor
laprilly
Ilatn UlVtlVC'DDtia n.i.nn...
fSSSihlS? J M-nALSTED'S
..-j rJtSfi. (I'trrc-v-wli From 120 up.
II j ggy 1171 il pygfrfll Seed for der
kW i !-" 1 Fl tlte
-- .it. w?.jrp:
. i it
jftfe&j-