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WILLAMETTE FARMER: SALEM, OREGON, JULY 4, 1884
IISMlillt
IfiJaralaifeStll
wi' tsa1 t' "-
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INVITATION TO SUBSCRIBE.
Tin: orinnt im happening to notioo
a part of an ojipii old ti link that m.ir
ustd lib a rcceptai h for nails and tools
on tlio fnini, wo became highly interested
in rending tho nncient uewp.ipor ih
which it was lined. It was i.n old copy
of the Examiner, published in Now
Yoik seventy years ago, (lining tho war
with England, mid treated of tho topics
ourront lit that time. Tho frigate Prea-
ident lind been taken and a committee
of inquiry was investigating how it hap
pened to bo coptuicd by the enemy.
Thoic woro many items of uncommon
interest on all Hides and ends and on the
lid of tho vcuciabln lolie, and it well io
pftid ii few minutes study. As to tho ago
of tho old trunk we have no idea. Where
the piece of trunk came from wo cannot
say, but it canied tho reader back to
eitily days of the century when our coun
try was at war, or nom its conclusion.
assert themselves and make plainly un
derstood to tho Representatives and Sen
ators elect that we expect them to elect
a Senator a man who shall be a reliable
representative of popular sentimont,
The time has como whon inter-State
commerce should bo regulated by the
National Congress and that too by laws
that Miall firmly hold corporations in
check and protect the people from impo
sition. Our next Ponator must be a man
we can depend on to assist in such legis
lation. There must bo no hesitation, or
qualification, or doubt on his part, and
wo must know that ho can bo depended
on. Say to your representative: to
avoid tho emeus ; to stand firmly for
the peoplo; that tho name of Oregon
must bo honored for its representatives
in tho National Legislature, and above
all must not pollute the halls of Congress
by the prcsenco there of mere tools of pol
itics and creatures of capital. If we send
men thero who considor they wore put
theio to speculate on thoir opportunity
wo desorvo no better than tohac the
world's contempt and scorn poured upon
us. Let the coining Legislature elect for
our next Senator a man who is identified
with the people and true to his and their
conviction. And further: their vision
should be broad enough to sec merit in
some man who lfvcs outsido tho charmed
ciiek of the corporate limits of Portland.
I.OTIIINQ BUT COMMON SENSE.
Since List October tho price of stocks
has decie.ihed in Now York so that the
depreciation of valutas amounts to hun
dreds of millions of dollar. Ranks and
bankers firl, brokers and speculators go
in with a crash, confusion reigns oti tho
Stock K.xchatigo and yet btraugo to re
late tho actual condition of tho country
is unchanged and its. railroad proporty is
piaetically woith as much as ever and
pays regular dividends as usual. Spec
ulation had run its wild career and im
parted fictitious values to all those prop
oities. Watered stock, that cost noth
ing, like the common stock of all tho
Pacific roads, was held at almost full
fnnn lrinrt wiflirinf nftvinir divirlpnrja
It was intoroHting. too, to see, the look of tmo cmn0 wh(m common Km
into tho stock market and went to work
:i iNow ioik newspapor seventy years
ago and comparts it with tho present
crowded nown columns of 1881. Tho
most interesting fact in that connection
was to realizo that at that time tho Mis
sissippi valloy was sparsely settled and
all wast of the Mississippi was au Indian
country only, tho country west of tho
Rocky Mountains being unknown terri
tory only peopled by Indians and used
us ii hunting giound by tho fur compa
nies. How much has happened sinco
th"t old newspaper was new and since
that old ti link was made!
A MAN OF THE PEOPLE HEEDED.
The icmiUs ot tho late election being
known tho political schemer has already
net his wits to work to manipulate mat
ters so as to eloct his especial favorito to
tho United States Senate. From now
until tho election is made by tho Legis
lature in Januiiry all ellbrts will turn on
this question of who shall bo tho no.t
Senator? We hear m oral men named
in that connection, but wo do not caro
to follow up tho rumors euirent in polit
ical circles. Our object is to sot up tho
standaid that tho people, inespectivo of
paity,hno asserted their determination to
maintain and urge the members olect to
stand by tho popular sentiment. We
htmi hud in Senator Slater a man who
has manifested independence of money
contiol and proper lepugnaneo to mon
opoly; in many respects ho deserves to
have the inspect of the people of Oregon.
We hupo that tho Republicans who con
stitute the legislation majority will not
chooso as Ninutor Maters successor a
man who jH)s.-e-ei less indcpeiidenco
and less it'gurd fur the popular fear of
uiouoply control. A Senator, who shall
for si , ears wield an important infill
enco in national politics and be an arbi
ter of American destiny, should bo
chosen forsomc thing mom than the f.i or
of political factious, or from tho workings
of the political machine. Ho should bo
it statesman, a man of high piiuciplaand
strong eonietions and an advocate of
great measures lather than a narrow
minded paitisan. It tho legislative cau
cus, that is so often cooked and primed
icady to go for a partisan favorite, is to
nominate the Senator, then wo may is
' pect tho machinery of politics will bo
brought to lsur in favor of, soino politi
cian who owes more to corporations
than to tho people, and will bo certain to
pay tho debt with intercut. There is a
vast diUorenco between tho man who is
diK).sed to treat capital fairly and re
spect tho rights of corporations, and the
ouo who belongs to corporations ImkIv
and soul and lives to do their bidding.
Tho peoplo have no uso for tho last
named. Wo suggest that all through
Oregon friends of true principle .hull
to wring out tho water from this im
mense quantity of fictional stocks. As a
result Northern Pacific common that
Villard paid over 40 for soils at 1-1. O.
R. ct X. Co. sells at G2 that was once at
$1.(15, or highor ; all other stocks aio in
proportion and hundreds if not thou
sands, aro losers of largo sums at which
they held their stock. They can hold
them yet to as much profit as beforo but
they cannot spcculato on them to well.
This cyclone of common senso has
cleaicd tho atmosphero of tho financial
world, and whiloithas let down tho wild
nspirations of somo it has really benefit
ted us all, and wo trust that tho firmnoss
of purpose of tho American people will
prooont any rallying of such fictitious
piopeities to their founer figures. It is
tlmo wo as a people manifested our in
tention to protect ourbolvos from all un
just exactions, such as permitting these
corporations to realize dividends and
profits on pretetided capital. The true
nnti-mono'ioly piinciplo should be firmly
laid down and nindo tho basis of all po
litical action. If a party doesn't an
nounce its allegiance to these piinciples
wo should not vote for its nominations.
Radical action must como from tho peo
ple and without they lay aside tho old
timo prejudice and take up instead tho
true prinoiples of public interest and
elect only to oll'ico men wo can depend
on to carry thtwi principles out, wo shall
see tho power of polities pass into the
hands of those who will be biirc to op
press us.
MIXED FARMINO.
Experience shows that it is profitable
t o extend tho sphere of farming operations.
Two years ago it was a doubtful question
if planting now hop yards was a safe busi.
liens but we see now thnt tho good prices
of ISS.t will bo supplemented by better
prices still in 1S8L The consumption
of hops increase and in old countries tho
iocs aro subject to blight and vermin
that causes an occasional failure. Our
country its soil and climateseem
especially suited to hops as a reliable
crop and it is prolubtlo hat they can be
Kucccoftilly and profitably grown on all
good soil, though the very rich Ivottoms
may be more profitable than other soils.
As we hao demonstrated that hops pay
us well we may a well put out more hop
yards, Many a man can take care of
five acres of hops and curry on his farm
K'sides. That will give him seven to ten
thousand pounds annually thnt will bring
him from $800 tof 12(H) ayearfroiiia small
plat of ground. Orcharding should ho
made a mom rcltahlo business than it is.
We have fourteen acres of plums, prunes
ami llartlett pears that Trill probably
net us f 150 un acre tltt year and will
probably average and may exceed that
for twenty years to come. They may do
much bettor, but we submit if that is not
enough to pay well. Pears do remarkably
well here and should be extensively grown
for shipment to tho East. All sorts of
fruits will pay well if cultivated well, but
wo have discovered that there is much to
learn concerning fruit culture. We shall
tako pleaMirc in giving expression to the
cxponencc of others, mut growing
should be extensively increased and so
encourago canneries to bo estauiisiieu
tin ouch tho country.
Stock rasing offers another resource for
farm profits. Good stock pays best. All
cannot be breeders of lino stock but all
can mako stock profitable who have
means to own them and take caro of them.
This is a broad field for discussion and
we introduce it without following it up
in dotail, simply saying that the field is
broad and success comes with prudence.
We dovoto some ground to feed grow ths
grass and grain for working stock and for
winter feeding. Then we need pastuie,
and there is where tho greatest profit is
possible. Constant cropping to wheat, is
ruinous, for the price jve shall realize this
year will not replace tlie soil we depreciate.
Why then grow wheat? Tho only reason is
that at some price or other wheat is money.
If you averago twonty-five bushels to the
aero and realizo $17 an aero for it this
year you will do well, but tho average yield
will not bo twenty-iivo bushels. Wheat
will not average $15 an acre through this
valley unless prices advance abroad. It
costs $10 to raiso it and harvest and
warehouse it and $5 an acre is small
profit in view of tho depreciation of soil.
Put your land in pasture and put sheep
on it and you will do much better at
15 cents per pound for wool, for your
laud will not diminish much in value
when cropped by stock.
Corn is a crop wo could raiso to some
advantage. Farmers say they can raise
twenty-five to thirty-live bushels to tho
acre, which is better than wheat. Corn
and sorghum can bo grown to good ad
vantage to make cnsilago and ex
perience proves that this sort of fodder
realizes all that has been expected of it.
When wo got to farming and stock raising
properly wq mut put up ensilage.
Flax succeeds well here and can be
grown for both seed and fibor to ad
vantage, while the lint flax can bo grown
hero as well as in Ireland. Eventually
wo must come to growing and manu
facturing flax in Oregon and can equal
tho world in so doing. If tho labor
question comes up wo can got cheap
labor from Asia nnd wo hold it to be
better to use Chinese labor than not to
have factories. The oncouragemont to
high class white labor will be considerable
if wo havo factories manned chiefly by
Chinaman, as tho leading operatives
would bo necessarily ivhito peoplo.
After all, tho most important question
deductions often go beyond our com
prehension because all cannot follow
Nature out to her ultimate conclusions,
but so far as tho farmer can conform to
tho practical workings of scienco his
success will bo assured.
HAY HARVEST.
The hay harvest is close at hand and
somo are already cutting down volunteer
growths. It is a common and crying
evil that hay is cut too ripe and that
.-n1-. ... ..! ...... ml.. .tmH .nslmi;! ff
aillUlUlS tlTM It'll ttUUUJf liuci JUBivimui
the tiresorved crowth of succulent plants. J '
Wo hear of blind staggers and indigestion
in horses as a consequence of this feed
ing of over ripo grass that is turned to
wood and cannot bo masticated well or
digested easily and certainly is no sub
stance to work stock upon. Timothy hay
is especially objectionable whon over-ripe
and is often loft too long in the field.
Somo other grasses miy not grow so
woody as timothy does. As that is the
best grass for hay that grows it is all the
more necessary that it should bo cut and
cured well. Somo cut it in tho first
bloom when all tho pollen turns to dust
and makes it unpleasant to handle and
not good for tho horse. When cut in the
second bloom it is claimed that it is in
perfect condition for hay, as tho seed has
none of it ripened and tho strength that
makes tho seed is then in tho juicy stalk.
This is probably tho correct theory and
should bo carefully followed. All hay
should be cut in its vigor beforo the seed
can ripen. Grasses and clover have great
value when cut and dried properly and
at the right time. We see wheioa man
certifies that ho cut and stored his clover
in tho mow when it was green and it
cured there perfectly. Some of his neigh
bors did tho same. It is certainly true
that grasses areleft to bleach a long time
in tho sun wliich injures tho quality of
the hay.
races, beforo they and their traditions
are completely gone. Tho book is inval-
uablo to any ono who is interested in
past ages.
St. Nicholas is tho very best magazine
published for children and youths. Tho
best talent is interested in editing this
book. There is much solid, instructive
matter. All of its contributions aro of
an elevating character calculated to
cultivato a high standard of morals.
Nothing sensational is inserted. Every
amily should remember the childrens
rights to have a miigazmoof their own
ELECTION RETURNS.
is What grass can wo depend on for
sunmior and winter pastuie? Of course
wo can put up hay for wintor but must
havo summer grass. In this dry summer
climate it is necessary to find some grass
that will giow and keep green from July
1, to October. Mr. Win Townsand says
Lincoln grass does so. Pooplo east of
tho Cascades .say tho overgreen millet
will do so, that it comes late and makes
n heavy growth from May 1, to the first
frost. If it willdo well in this part of Oie
gon our farmeis cm havo a small field of it
and u-o only for summer pasture, and
have ordinary grass say orchard grass,
Lincoln and ryo grass for tho spiing,
fall and winter. If any of cur readers
have experience as to good varities of grass
for summer pastures we shall be glad to
gie them a hearing.
Our excuso for taking up again this
question of mixed fanning is that it is
tho most important of all questions per
taiuiug to the farm and tho prosperity of
tho farmers as a clas. They must abandon
wheat as a chief dependence nnd do
almost anything else instead. Our soil
has reiuarkablo strength and keeps on,
year after year, paying out of its wonder
ful reserves, good crop, but these are not
what they wcro and, in time, if wo do not
chaugo our methods we shall find its
virtues gone past redemption. Farming
to lie truly successful, must be conducted
on scientific principles. Scienco covers
most of tho work of tho world nnd
scientific, farming is only farming on
natural principles. Science is the true
development of natural laws, nothing
more or less. Farming that does not
confirm to natural law is sure to t a
failure. The close observer of nnttiro
farms in accordance with his observations
of the nature of tilings and his success
depouds on tho fidelity with which ho
conforms to Nature. Mixed farming to
bo successful must conform to the law s of
nature for sustaining tho soil and if they
so accord the farm is a source of profit.
Many dread thu word science but it is
merely common senie. True, scientific
Tho late election resulted in tho elec
tion of Mr. Hermann, Republican, to
Congress over Mr. Myers, Democrat, by
ovor 2,000 majority, while ox-Governor
Thayer was elected Supreme Judge by
several hundred majority over Flinn,
Republican.
The total vote of the State was about
50,000, which ib four times tho vote cast
for President in 1SC0. Tho woman's suf
frage amendment received less than one
fourth of the total vote and its greatest
vote was in tho middle Oregon counties,
given to stock raising. Its woist defeat
was in our valley counties.
The Legislature will stand 30 Repub
licans to 24 Democrats in House and 10
Republicans to 14 Democrats in the
Senate. Republican majority on joint
ballot, 1G.
Tho Democratic counties aro Raker,
Jackson, Josephine, Klamath, Lake,
Lane, Linn, Union nnd Umatilla. Tho
counties that elect divided legislative
tiekots are Clatsop, Tillamook, Wasco,
Polk, Yamhill and Jackson ; tho remain
der elect Republicans. Marion is sup
posed to havo elected a Democrat to the
House, but tho Standard credits Marion
with all Republicans.
Struk Water.
Down in that magnificent bunch-grass
region known as"Horso Heaven," where
a large number of land claims havo re
cently been taken, tho only serious ques
tion that has presented itself has been
with reference to the possibility of so
curing plenty of water for domestic pur
poses. Tho country slopes gradually for
many miles from the Yakima toward the
Columbia, and with the exception of a
few springs the entire, country is desti
tute of surface water. Tlio prosenco
of such a heavy growth of grass in
dicates, of course, that tho g-ound is
moist and it is a well-known fact that
rain-clouds passing up tho Columbia arc
precipitated in copious showers by com
ine in contact with this clvatcd region ;
but whether water could be obtained by
digging has been until recently an un
settled question. Last week, howover,
one of the eettlers in that country start
ed in to dig a well and had not gono
more than thirteen feet when he struck
a large, copious flow of water of excel
lent quality. This fact will greatly en
hance the value of that country. Yaki
ma Signal.
W. B. Gray, Sheriff of Franklin coun
ty, is under bonds for complicity with
the S18,O0O robbery of N. P. Express Co.
last March.
NEW TDIS WEEK.
ST. HELENS HALL
l'ortlnnd. Orreoit.
Boarding and Day School
Young Women and Girls.
for
The SIXTEENTH YEAR opens Hrptrruber .Id. The
Kt. Rt. D. Wistar Morris, Rector. Thorough In
itruction in English, Art, Languages, and Music. A
corps of fourtceu teachers. For catalogue, address:
MISS RODNEY, Principal,
tjul.lm Box 0, Portland, Oregon
STATE INSURANCE COY.
Salem, Oregon.
Stock Company-Charter Perpetual.
CAPITAL, 8100,090.00.
BOOi TABLE.
Tiik CtMuiiv Magazine for July has
a valuable contribution, giving a history
of tho origin and growth of the Ku-
Klux Klan with its disbanduient. A
line poi trait of John Rright illuminates
tho first page. Tho engraving of places
and things made famous by Nathaniel
Hawthoino's writing aro most inteicsting
to every ono who is familiar with his
romances. In fiction them is the usual
amount of lovo and romance. Lady
Barbernia is concluded in this number.
Tho ttory was based on the mnuiago of
an American gentleman to an English
lady of rank. Tho Century should find
a place on eory table; it takes first
rauk among the litcraturo of tho dav.
Thk Modern Are is only one dollar
and sixty cents a year it is well edited
and is a welcome visitor to tho oditors
table. It fails to advertise itself suflic
iently to givo the number of tho place
of publication. Tho stories are excep
tionally good, and displays talent in
every department.
We havo received a copy of Song
Worship from Oliver Ditson & Co., of
Boston. It is a new compilation of
songs suitable for Sunday School use.
It is entirely new and seems desirable J
Popular Quotation contains a thous
and good thing.; iirose and poetry,
rriee only 25 cents. From Ogilvie & Co.,
31 Roso street, New York. It is a con
venient book for reference.
The Antiquarian- is published at
Chicago, a monthly, at $1 a year. It is a
valuable work and receives contributions
from this coast. It is well to gather all
the knowledge possible of the aboriginal
The Farmer's Coiiipuiy,Iiisurcs
only Farm Property, Priv
ate Dwellings, School
Houses & Churches.
RATES AS LOW AS IS CONSISTENT WITH RK.
LIAULE INDEMNITY.
LOSSES HONORABLY ADJUSTED
I.. L.ROWLAND, President.
E B. McELROY, Vice Prcsideut.
II. W. COTTLE, Secretory,
CEO. WILLIAMS. Treasurer.
airlllama
FARMERS SAVE
FRUIT !
YOUR
THE ACME DRIER CO.
Itiiinf purchased therljht for Multnomah lounty
for tho
BURNS FRUIT DRIER
AND EVAPORATOR.
Are prepared to furnl.h the various sizes of fimlly and
factor driers.
The merit, of this drier and the superior quslity of
Its product! are too ell known tj require detailed
enumeration.
FortermsandpirtieuUmniuireat the foot of Oak
street, Tortland, of
J. B. KXAPP, AGENT,
Alko.tscal rr I'Lrkaami Co.
lJulyUtu
Oregon Itiurnuy nnd AuvIcem
tion Company.
OCEAN DIVISION.
Between Portland., and Sat. FraneUesj.
Leaving Ahmrotth Wharf at inidalirht, as follows:
rgoii rornur, l moit ix mahcuoo.
Uidnurht. I lolw
Oreiron. Thursday ..June SiColuinbia, Sunday June 8
State, Tuesday 10 Oregon (rlday ....... is
Columbia, Sunday IS State, Wednesday 1
Ores n, Fridy 80 Columbia, Monday, 21
State, Wcdnetdat 13 Oreyun, Saturday, j
Columbia, Monday 30 Stat., ThurtJay,...Jnly S
Oregcn. Saturday.. .July oColumbia, Tucidai..... 8
TarasLKk Ttrkefa mnld tt.H iwil.it. ln .v. rr-i.
State, Canada and Europe. u""
RAILROAD DIVISIONS.
"rlni,ea,".c0"I,iCtIn lh AtUntlc Expie
trc. Ash Street harf. Fortl&nit il1lr . n.m . 1
ll0Afallle Elprt" uri,e rortland, 'daily
MllsBUe
YAaUULI
COLiMRIA.
X Illicit MtUIM.
WILLAMaTITH Aflat
Lmt. Portland
I or
Hon. Tum.
Dalle, and Upper
Columbia.. .
Astoria and Low
er Columbia...
Dartaa -
Oorraltlf and in.
tarmoiute pu
TAMTAM
TAM
AM 0 AM
Wed.
iThDtlrrt. 1
All
Tacoma kid fUattla d.llv at 1 p If
Victoria sterner, do not run Sundays
TAM TAM TAM TAM
TAM TAM
AHAU AM f AM
AM ...
CBcrala
'ee-Car. Fraaf aaal a Ma.
a H. rUBOOTT, Miiiaer.
A. L. STOKES, Owl IW Arent,
A. L. MAX Weill, Ticket Arwi.