WILLAMETTE PA&Mfrll; SALEM, OKEGON, MAY 23, 1884.
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" Notice to Subscribers.
W, publUh only a auffictent number of tbe FAuna
to .apply actual prepaid lubscrlber and we cannot sup
ply back numbers.
them nay. We do all agree on great
principles and why do wo not agree in
enforcing them J What is lacking?
Organization is lacking and the capacity
to organizo carries with it tho capacity
to act. "Actions speak loud or than
words." Let our acts defeat political
schemes and the schemers will abandon
tho field to us. Political parties mean
well enough but the politicians them-
selves mean to secure spoil. 7x;t us
organizo to act to defeat tho spoilsmen
and smash tho machine and tho country
will bo prosperous beyond a question.
Act, act, act, and keep on acting honestly
and fearlessly and we shall reconstruct
the world and compel the diity pool of
politics to bocome a pure and limpid
stream w reiresn tne worm witn pure
II It ! dealred by lubscrlbers ti lecure all hroos they patriotism and good government. It
art arranga to lend In their renewal. In ample time It, oa i ... ,... . .,,..,
uuo VWU liUIII WHO PbULlUJA 1111 lUUU C
have for a dozen years past stood up for
tho Grange, believing it offered a means of
organization whereby farmers can act in
harmony to secure great and good results.
reach tirfa office before expiration,
toTAIl aubacrlber, can tell by the printed tag onlKl
'their paper exactly when their time will expire TQ
Uother Important point: ALT. COMMUNICATIONS
AND LETTERS SHOULD BE ADDRESSED TO THE
"WII.LAm.TTE FAKMEB,"
r ANYONE RECEIVING A COPY OF
THI8 PAPER WILL CONSIDER IT AN
INVITATION TO SUBSCRIBE.
ORQANIZE AND ACT.
SUBJECTS, FOR DISCUSSION.
Saturday Salem Grango turned out
well and there ensued a discussion of the
tariff, concerning vv hich nil tho nation has
lately had a surfeit, as Congress has this
winter and spring done little else, than dis
cuss tho Morrison bill, which tho House
recently decided against. The tariff no
doubt interests all who pay taxes to
support tho State. By means of the
tariff, which is simply a scale of duties,
called customs, loviod on foreign or
imported goods, we insensibly pay taxes
as we buy tho necosiancj of life. Coffee
no longer pays customs duos, nor does
tea, but sugar is hoaily taxed in favor
of home producers, otherwise Southorn
sugar planters could not grow sugar to
compete with moro favored countiios.
To illustrate tho tarill policy of protection
there aro lands south of our Southorn
States, the West Indies for instance, that
can produce sugar cheaper than Louis
iana can. Either our gulf States must
give up growing sugar and rice, or grow
them for a small profit or actual loss, or
we must prottct that item of pro
duction by levying a duty on imported
rioo and sugars. This we do and
Southern planters actually are sustained
in their business of growing sugar cane
and making sugar by each of us paying
two cents a pound to them to aid their
sugar ttade. Now, the question is:
Is protection in the shape of a duty,
wnicn is a uirect tax on an wno use
sugar, worth what it costs us all? To
encourage making cotton and woolen
cloths we pay a duty on imported goods.
This enables our manufacturers to hold
their own against foreign factures. There
again wo ask : Is tho benefit of having
these factories among us worth what we
pay in duties; that we call protection!
Take the customs duos of a single year
and they amount to hundreds of millions
of dollars that we insensibly butactually
pay, and it is equal to direct taxtation.
In 1880 we imported over $667,000,000
in value, on which a tax was collected
equal to several dollars each for every
oitizn of the United States. This tax
was in faor of the wool producers and
tho grain growers and tho stock raiker as
well as the rice and sugar producers and
manufacturers. So tho Grango waters
talked on tho important subject mate
rially differing, tome weio champions of
protection and somo of fioo trade. We
enturo to say that no ltght was poured
into waiting minds, no viovva wero
changod, no especial good was done. It
was a debate, in which brothers and
sisters of tho Grango uttered their thought,
and with somo no doubt tho matter hud
boon thought over lung and carefully.
In this connection we venture to ask:
What subjects are best adapted for the
Orange to debate? Once in awhile it
may bo well enough to tako up popular
topics of a political nature such as tho
tariff and mortage tax law, assessment
and tuxtation, and others of general
interest but, it teems to us that we
neglect the farm and tho farmer's ligit
tuato sphere of action, to disenss national
and political subjects that many of tho
members soon get tired of. Tho State
ot Oregon offers a wido rango for tho
farmer to develop aui tho true business
and duty of Patrons of Husbandry is,
first of oil, to discuss tho subject tint
luubaudry calls forth. Wo h:io groat
resources and need to understand them,
cry man who tills tho earth and
eulUvates tho soil hould ipcrimcnt or
at least must hiuo methods of his own
jfor tho pursuit of his oca t ion, and
reasons for them. It is absolutely neces
sary to interest inoiubcm and reward their
seal for coming so far uud spending a
day in devotion 10 tho Grange. Let us
do something to call forth ecry nmn'a
us organize this business of discussion
thoroughly and make it useful and
instructive, so that a member can tpllhis
neighbor what was done and what he
learnoa ai me urange, sucn a course
would inteiest all tho farmers, fill up tho
Grango with a working membership and
make it what it needs to be and must be
a great educator.
We might enumerate a hundred topics
that possess great interest and aio with,
in tho range of farm life and farm labors.
Every farmer can furnish tho thoughts
that interest him and eory farmer's wife
knows of matters that interest and often
perpW her. Lot us make tho Grange
an educator. Let us put questions and
call forth answers. We'havo often been
surprised and even humilitated at
learning something of importance from
a source that we had underestimated,
finding tho person we supposed dull and
uninteresting to bo n student of nature,
oberver of men and things anil possessed
of great reasons. If Ave can work the
Grange so as to call out tho. hidden
Wealth that silent observers have' stored
wo shall gain much and can leain much.
The Grange is only a farmor's club, well
organized. Let us improo tho organ
ization constantly and make it as porfect
as it well can bo and wo shall find greater
profit and pleasure. If we really take
interest in the farm wo should improve
every means to extend our information
and improve our advantages. If we can
by means of Grango meetings incroase
the geneial stock of information then a
great objpet will bo accomplished.
when necessary, at least to the extent of
utilizing the manures that can be saved
on tho place.
THE FRUIT OUTLOOi:
THE HUSBANDMAN.
Within a few days from tho time this
issue reaches its subscribers they will be
called to cast their votes in tho general
election. In that ballot you will choose
men to roprcsont you in the Legislature,
who in turr,must elect a United States
Senator. TQfttro will bo a Supremo and
Circuit Judges of tho State Courts,
County Coiuts, nnd oflicirs and Com
missioners to transact tho business of
ovory county in tho State. It is tho
easiest tiling in tho world to go to the
polls and vote "tho regular ticket." The
"machino" is always ready with candi
dates to vote for unless you try a bit of
independence and voto for men you
know and respect rather than for men
you also know and do not respect, who
, havo had a "machine" nomination. It
requires back bono and real independence
to voto only for good men but there is
no other way to command respect.
The "honest farmor" shows his zpal more
often than his discretion in politics. All
the talk of independence amounts to
nothing. The professional politician
watches his game with great anxiety but
he minds but little all their talk that
fills the air unless it is accompanied by
acts. 'Eight or ten years ago the single
act of a Douglas county convention of
independents throw a fire ball into the
ranks of tho old political parties and
stirred them as they seldom havo been
roused in Oregon. Tho way of it was
that independent men acted promptly
and produced groat results because the
entire State acted in response.
If all tho (armors in Uregon were
organized say moro mombors of tho
order of Patrons of Husbandry and in
this ordor worked together for certain
great principles, what could they not
accomplish? Xet us suppose that thoy
resolvo for tomperanoe, to do all that is
possible to restrict or prohibit tho sale
of liquor and to support for office no
man who is intemperate. That thoy
organizo and plan also to enforce good
government; favoring only honest
measures and correct principles, refusing
to voto for any man who was not sccuroly
for those honest moasures and true
principles; what a oriels tho politicians
would meet! In tho Grange could bo
Democrats and Kcpublioans nnd Indo
lcndouts, all honest and faithful to their
rospoctivo parties, but determined to
compel them to bo honest and organized
for that purpose All tho talk from now
until doomsday vv ould havo no effect.
Tho politicians would laugh at resolu
tions and proclamations, but when tho
fanners of the country should go to the
polls refusing to voto for men they could
not respect, and against men who wero
not safe and sound on groat questions of
principle, tlion there would bo no
laughing at honest farmers or joking
nbottt tho indepcudout votor. There
would bo consternation amoug the "ring,"
and tho "machine" would bo out ot
ordor.
It lies in tho power of tho farmer tof
Oregon to defeat every Improper and
unsound candidate. Jiut one lcbson of
the kind would answer the purwi to
teach politicians that thoy are nothing
without tho people, that farmers are tho
pooplo and they will have good govern
ment or tfono.
It is not nooosary that men shall
iigreo on all points to bo In accord on
grout principle. They agree on tho
fundamental principles of life and good
government but differ on miner detail
connected with" tho enforcement of theo
principle. Lot tho farmers of the Nat ion
(insert thomsolviM on great questions uud
put thomselves iu array before the world
as advocates ot touiiwninco nnd morality
and no political narty wQUld daroray property of all ihe membership, let feeding tho soil to enable it to produce.
Good farming means something more
than plowing, sowing and reaping crops,
yot the majority seems never to find out
that good husbandry means care of tho
promises and all the appliances of the
farm. To husband is to save and care
for. The man who husbands' his re
sources cares properly for all that ho has
and looks out for contingencies. The
farmer is called the husbandman and if
he does not really husband his re
sources and take care of all his possessions
ho is miscalled. To have a place for
everything and keep everything in its
place is one of the absolute requirements
that is often neglected. Taking suffi
cient care of the valuable implements
and machinery bolonging to the farm is
necessity, but is also too often neglected.
The result of exposure to the weather
is that the wagon or farm machinery that
is neglected loses value and soon has to
be replaced at cost of hundreds of dollars.
Fences and buildings are neglected and
orchards become a wilderness of wild
growth, or the onco thrifty trees are half
dead and look scraggy and worthless.
Tho other day wo traveled over the
beautiful hills and enjoyed the loveliness
of spring to the full. The world was
looking its best and Nature was as beauti
ful as May can become. Nature some
times goes back to its first form and we
could see that trees set out and trimmed
were in some instances throwing out
wild growths that needed the pruner's
knife. Occasionally dilapidated out
buildings and fences mocked tho beauty
of spring crdure. There 'was one
excepition that struck us with more than
common force, not that neatly kept
promises were raro but this particular
farm, had lately changed hands and
seemed also to have chanced its ap
pearance. I .was a lino farm and had
beon famous for good crops. Tho owner
had done well whilo ho farmed it and
sold at a high figure. In tho past tho
place had not been beyond criticism on
tho scoio of "good husbandry." Thero
was no great waste but there was somo
neglect. Tho first glimpso of its fields
showed that a moro careful hand was in
charge. Tho fences had been recon
structed and stood firm and true; the
old apple orchard that from neglect had
Decome a nuisance anu matte small re
turns, had been carefully pruned and
trimmed and was putting forth a now
growth with promise of once more be
coming productive; tho fenco corner
were clean and even tho littlo creek
flowed unvexed by the obstructions
known before tho chango of ownership.
Every whoro tho looks of tho placo
showed improvement and gavo evidenco
of piactical thrift anil good husbandry
Thero are many such premises, no doubt,
and this one claimed our attention be'
cause wo hud known tho placo rince its
enrlest scttlcmnut. It was not dis
tinguished for its neglect and unthrift
but was fairly kept, jet tho ctiango of
owners had given it greatorattractions
and materially improved its value. We
hope, to see every neglected farm in
Oregon pas to the ownership of good
farmers and true husbandry wjio will
consult appearance to tho proper extent
experience and knowledge and make our and by good management will call out
general fund of information the common. J it resources, and tax them to tfio utmost,
The Pacific Rural Press in a recent
editorial on tho above heading sums up:
"Wo have not sufficient data to say any
thing definite as to values but it is safe
to say that if one has a good quality of
almost any kind of fruit this year ho
should look about well before he dis
poses of it. Fruit promises to bo worth
something this year." We have looked
ov er'sev eral numbers of the Pacific Rural
and find that all it contains from corre
spondents and from other journals has
tho same tone, a discouraging word
concerning the fruit supply. The state
ments of different pests and growths
that affect trees in that State are inter
esting. It seems that tho beautiful cli
mate they onjoy so much and tell of so
glowingly favors the spread and increase
of these things and they thus have to pay
a heavy price for their luscious fruit.
But leaving the matter of these pests,
their causes and cure for another time
we call attention to the direct statement
made by the Press that fruits are scarce
and those who have them can command
a good price for their product either as
ripe green fruit, or as canned or dried
products. This scaicity in California re
moves from tho path of Oregon fruit
growers a competition of great capacity
heretofore. Wo have only recently been
wondering how much competition their
fruit growers will oflcr against Oregon
pioducts in the regions east of us, not
doubting that they will bo on hand in
force and really compote. So far as con
cerns peaches, grapes and oranges, with
other semi-tropical varieties of fruits, wo
expect they will claim and occupy the
whole field, but we have apples, pears,
oherries, plums and prunes equal to tho
best the world knows, and can, no doubt,
supply a large demand. Now that it
seems probable that California will have
a short fruit crop we can makemoie cer
tain calculations for the product of Ore
gon orchards. Tho fruit wop with us is
abundant. We hear of some localities
where some varieties of fruit will be
short, but as a general fact all the fruits
named above promise a heavy yield, as
do also peaches and grapes where they
can be found. Two grape vines Royal
Muscadine and Datawares have more
grapes set on them this year than they
have borne in five years previous. A lit
tlo budded peach, one year from the bud,
has a dozen peaches. We covered it
with fir boughs according to Judge
Wait's plan and tho tree is perfectly
healthy and promises to bear its bakers
dozen.
But we wish ti recall the old maxim
"its an ill will that blows nobody good."
California's short fruit crop bodes no ill
to our fruit growers. We have a large
crop and a good market in prospect We
must get a good price too, with no com
petition to mar the prospect. We recito
those facts for encouragement of fruit
growers everywhere and have no doubt
that this will be a great year for our fruit
growers who manage well.
Wo have often urged that a man who
has an orchard should havo his own
drier to save it with. There is no cer
tainty that tho market for green fruits
will bo reliable and remunerative. It is
seldom so, and tho safest way is to pos
sess a drier of your own and keep it at
work saving your fruit. In another col
umn will bo seen tho advertisement of
H. S. Jory, inventor of tho Oregon fruit
drier. Ho sold a largo size S300 drior to
Mr. Soth Luelling, of Milwaukie, one of
the most experienced fruit growers in
Oregon, who said when it was built and
finished that he held it at so high a value
that he would not take $500 bonus to
have it removed. Mr. Alfred Luelling
talks of ordering ono when prepared to
make use. Mr. Jory is receiving orders
for smaller siies. "We expect to put a
large sized one in our own orchard,
though wo have paid for the Acme pat
ent right and have a small one in use
It is also a good machine. Perhaps as
good as any, but tho Jory drier is far
more simple and easily managed, as all
goes in and comes out at one door and
the iron frame within the circular brick
wall revolves with perfect ease. Another
fact that has determined us to use the
Jory machino is its durability. It will
lat a life time as tlvcre is nothing that
can give way or wear out, with ordinary
ca.,, Tho fact Uat fruit driers can be
had of all sizes and different cost is en
couragement for pooplo to plant orchards.
ise well but thero aro few peaches grown
in this valley. Cherries are everywhere,
a light crop and plums and prunes only
succeed in a few localities. We have
noticed that our valley exchanges speak
occasionally of poor fruit outlook and it
seem; that there is a poorshow in many
localities. Cherries aro nearly a failure
around rortlant, and plums and prunes
amount to but littlo there, as we learn on
Wednesday. South of Portland, near
Summit station, four miles out on tho
west side road, there aro nearly 30,000
trees out, mostly plums and prunes, and
from those interested we learn that ex
cept apples and somo varieties of pears
all are short, and with some trees are
dying. Considering that the fruit crop
is so light in California and East of tho
mountains, wo hoped for a good yield
from all Oregon oichards. It seems
that the apple orchards do promise well
and we can hope they will bring a rev
enue to help out tho surplus of products
from our farming friends and patrons.
Our own experience this year is as
follows: 300 Bartletts, eight years old,
aro bearing very heavily and may have
to be thinned ; some sixty cherries aro
all light bearers they aio eight years in
orchard and ten to twelve vears from
grafting. Sofar as we can learn cherries
aro light crop everywheie. Petite prunes
are few though we expeeted 300 bushels
from 500 noblo trees. Wo may have
half or one-third that. "On 400 Coe's
Golden Drop, or Silver prunes, theie is
an enormous yield too much for good
health and shall have to thin. From
500 Peach plums eight years old we
expect all they can bear except in
occasional instances; 250 Eeino Claude
do Bavay prunes will bo full, and thero
is no finer fruit; 250 Columbia's will
bear splendidly with occasional excep
tions ; 50 Bradshaws of good size are half
overloaded and tother half not so; 250
Washingtons are one-third of them bear
ing fairly; 500 Italians hang full, most
of them. Petitesand Washington aie
tho only varieties thataie really deficient
and in each case the tree is remarkably
thrifty.
Printers Ficnlo at Salem
The printers of Salem will give a pic
nic on Friday, the 6th day of June. The
printers have given a number of public
picnics in past years and thoy have been
very enjoyable. The main feature of
this coming occasion will be a hose race,
open to all engine companies in -this
State, and a 100-yard foot race, together
with innumerable prizes for all classes of
athletic sports. The hose race will be
for a purse of $50. Good music and
lots of fun will be the order of the dav.
Everybody is invited, and evorybody
Dmiu woine ii iney want to nave a good
time.
FACTS ABOUT FRUIT.
Since writing our paragraph ou fruit
outlook in Oregon wo havo learned that
wo were mistaken in our belief that all
varieties would be in great abundance.
It appears that stono fruits aro not
abundant It max bo that peaches prom-
We are now showing ilia
i very latest styles of
Ladies Walking Jackets
ana wraps;
I In
wrap Dele and Plain
Brocade Silk.
These goods must bo scon to be
appreciated. Our TWENTY
different styles of PARASOLS
are especially attractive.
OLDS&KINC,
186 First Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
ta.Tha arreateat ca.rn .!..
in filling Orders by mail
STATE INSURANCE CO'Y,
Salem, Oregon.
Stock Company-Charter Perpetual.
' capital, fioe,ooe.M.
The Fanner's Compapy.Insnres
oniy rami Property, Prlv-
mo Dwellings, School
Houses & Churches.
RAEAB?B&rr?,ISTraT W,Tn RE
LOSSES HONORABLY ADJUSTED.
L.l HOW LAND. rrwHtnt.
K B Vc I.r0V.VIrn-.Jnt
II W COITI.B. Sr.ur,,
GUI WIUMM3.Trra.urvr.
I rlllaraJ
FANCY POULTRY. "
Plymouth Rocks
EXCLUSIVELY.
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