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WILLAMETTE FARMER: SALEM, OKEGON, APRIL 11, 1884.
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ADVKIWI8INO HATES :
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mblicatlon Office: ho. S Wellington Street. Up
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grant roads. The committee on public
hinds, to which he belongs, otesin favor
o( revoking the entire grant of tho
Northern l'ncific west of Missouri river,
which would tnke away from the com
pany lands (hat have beon confirmed (o
it by the notion of the Provident and
Secretaries of the Intciior for a thousand
miles of road, much of which has been
already .'old. The average Congress
man knows that this bill cannot pass,
and if the land committee will adhere
to it and work for it persistently, the
issue will be that no bill will patu this
soion. Brents favorn repealing the
grant fiom AVnlhilii toPoitland, and rc
storiiiL' the land to the iinhlin domain.
j
bitterness overflows, is pressed down and
r.inning over. It is well to inqu'ue if
that is not tho condition of our world at
tho present time, when Vandcrbllt, with
out an hour's hardlalior, has acquired
.200,000,000; when Jay Gould has half
as much ; when other railroad magnates
range in lichen from ten to a hundred
millions each ; all made by gambling
with tho immense franchises tho nation
has cicated for them to manipulate?
Stock jobbing and the manipulating of
great public franchises have become the
curse of the age ; when ono mnn becomes
a millionaire, at least a thousand are
beggared to allow space for his wealth
to exist. At that rate at least 200,000
sea whether the lesson has been fully
learned and political parties will nomi
nate men who are without reproach.
world waits with almost impatience to Legislature of tho country sought out
WHAT BIENNIAL MEANS
BTANYONK KKOEIVING A COPY OP
THIS PAl'KR WILL CON8IDKK IT AN
INVITATION TO SUllSCRIIIK.
Vi: havi: a gieat dial of "Tammany
Hall politics but in these times Tam
many can luako a good how of princi
ples'. At a late meeting of tho Tiiminmiy
Society, resolution vveio adopted favor
ing i eduction of tariff and taxation of
luTiuicH rather than necessaries, dm
criininating in favor cf home industries ;
that foifcitcd land grants shall roveit to
tho government, if conditions of the
grants huvo been violated; that exist
ing telegraph lines shall bo purchased
at u fair valuation, as provided in tbo
Sunnier bill. It is piobablo that all
parlies will hold about the same views
on all these questions.
What 'inn mortgage tax law accom
plished that wim of enperial impoit.iiico
was tho collection of t.iv on mortgages
in tho countios vvltciu the land is loca
ted, instead of paying tho tax by l'oi t-
land bankers, which is tint case whon
money pays tho tax under the old law.
Tho fact of the now law being inopera
tive does not leloayo the mouoy-lcnder
from paying taxes, but deprivos county,
school, and ro:id districts of their fair
propmtion of luvcnui. Wo have men
tioned, long ago, the f.ici of a road dis
trict Unit could collect tax from only
two small land owners. Tho rest was
offset by debt, and tho money was given
in at l'ortland. There are many evils
attending taxation of money and cud-
its, and this is one of (he chief among
them that millions of money loaned in
l'ottlaud exempts that much landed es
tate in tho various counties", and woiks a
hnidship on tho country at l.irge. It is
a downright fraud on thu vat-ion-" coun
ties and the road and school I'l-trict.s
thoy contain. Tho Lvgfclatuic i meet
next fall m winter will no doubt reme
dy this evil and give us taxation of mort
gages in some shape that enn stand the
Supreme Court test
W. I!. .Mason, otheiwiio known as
"Mack Hawk," has the inferable repu
tation that some creatine that liavo hu
iniiu form see in to covet, of being the
loulott mouthed man in the count y.
There itro occasionally people who seem
to be abandoned of (lod to do ovil ami
show their natural depiavity by tho use
of indecent language. Such men are a
curse 10 tlio commumiv tne.v live in.
They lwlluto the Mieial atmosphere and
poison tho iniiuN of tho young, to say
nothing of foiciug their pollution into
tho mind of all who come near them.
This creatine who degrades humanity
in the vicinity of the lower Willamette,
lately was olwone toward Itobeit
Copies, of St. Johns, who prosecuted
him before a justice of the peace. The
use of profane or obscene Isuguage is a
tranHgre"Mon of our State law, and tho
evidence satisfied it juiv that he wan
guilty. He was fined $20, and in de
fiuill was committed to Multnomah
county juil leu dtiye. It i- refreshing to
all lovers of decency that such a pun
ishment should befall such a man.
Profanity and obscenity occur too often
and tho never should occur without re
courhCi to law to punish the oH'ense.
That a innn should be vile bad
enough ; that he should go abroad, a liv
ing cui-M' to the community that toler
ate.' him, is too bad. livery good citi
zen is iulonvtcHl In preserving the moral
atmosphere pure, and in protecting the
young from foul-mouthed education.
As tho load is built down tho Columbia, s porsons are impoverished to let Vandor
there is no reason for giving land to build I bilt acquiro two hundred millions. Our
another. Tho grant across the Cascades I country has suddenly becomo famous
to Tacoma may be needed to give tho J for as great fortunes as Home aecumu-
ability to build the road; so, if the road
is really desired by tho people, it maybe
good policy to aid its construction not
otherwise The trouble is that dema
gogues play for solfi'h ends with great
public iuteie-ls. They endeavor to sail
with the cunent, and go to any pxtrenio
to make them-clis acceptable. Such
men are fully as dangcious to tho wel
fare of socicrv as thou who openly op
poM) tho righth of tbo people; more dan
gerous, ul time, when tho people put
confidence in them and place thern in
poitinii to bctiay their iutcicsta.
oprnking oi tin isoi'tucin i'acilic ic-
minds us that at an oaily day, when the
company had melius at command, it pre
ferred to build horn the sound to tho
Columbia rivir rather than from Poit
Inud ii the Columbia. An old Oregon
inn, who laboied for many years foi Ihe
road from Portland to Salt Lake, says
tho object and expectation then was to
chaw the business of Oregon to Puget
Sound, but instead the business of the
Sound came to Portland The duty of
the fompjitv then was to construct up
the Columbia river from Portland one
hundred miles, instead of one hundred
miles from Kahuna to the .Sound. That
would have gien them control of the
Columbia river and a good paying bus
iiiefs, and would have brought into cul
tivation all the iir.tble lands along tho
Columbia rivet instead of leaving them
locked up in an unearned land grant.
They neglected a manifest duty, and, as
a consequence, now have not tho control
of tho Columbia river, and have lost rich
lands in Wnco, Umatilla, and Klickitat
tint would hiiu paid for building tho
road. The same interest controls tho
road and has the same, object, to build
up trade on I'uget Sound at the expeiibe
of I'oitl.uul. The idea is to cross tho
Cascades to Tacoma and take the com
merce of the Inland Ktnpire there also.
They never can do this. Portland fhowa
quite a magnanimous spirit in favoring
the continuance of tho land gnyit, when
without it they cannot build to Tacoma.
Hut l'ortland can afford to bo magnani
mous, as it has nothing to fear from
Tacoma or I'uget Sound. It looks as if
theso men might have learned some
thing from the icsults of tho past, and
not hiiciiliee to much to the idea of a
metropolis on I'uget Sound.
lated at the very epoch of its decay.
Wo teem to icalizo in our national his
tory tho force of Goldsmith's wonderful
prophetic woids:
"III fares the land, to hastening ills a prey,
Whero wealth accumulates and men decay."
We may expect mobs to ravage and
riot to provail like an epidemic, if our
land ie to bo portioned out among great
corporations and our boasted freedom be
subservient to the greed of gain. It be
comes us as a nation to purify our poli
tics ; to lessen the opportunity for public
plunder; to purge tho civil service of its
venality ; to elect good men to oflico and
iniiko laws to keep down the domination
of wealth. This is all within tho power
of the farming community that contains
no riotous foices within itself, but has
tho wealth, honesty, purity, and numbers
necessary to correct all national evils
and clevaki tho nation above the crimi
nal, base, and selfish motives that now
exist, that give license (o mobs and in
vite riotinc;.
INDEPENDENCE IN POLITICS
POOR JUSTICE AND MOB LAW
II i l U I' II . 11UJ. i
RAILROAD MATTERS.
"How not'to do it" is an uit in politics
as in other mat tew. Delegate llrentj
writes that he believed some people favor
extreme tucaturw in relation to laud
grants for tho purpose ot making them
odious and impassable, which U one way
of working in the inUivat of the land
The ment news from Cincinnati is, of
the most horrible character. A man
who had committed a horrible murder
had three or four lawyers to help him
out of the M"!iiH' he was in. They
managed to exclude the host evidence,
the mans own confession, and only con
victed him of manslaughter instead of
murder This evasion of law infuriated
the many people. As the excitement
giew, a rough mob collected, and ruf
fians who do not care for law, only for
rioting, took up the cry. Cincinnati
has been tho rU'euc of as infamous riot
ing as our country has eer known.
The court house has beon burned, the
jail assaulted and defended by tho mil
itia. At last accounts seventy-live lives
had been sacrilieed-some rioters and
including many mere spectators. It
btvanie a tight between the militia and
mob element. The convict, Berner, who
was the object f mob vengeance, es
caped from the train, wao re-cuptuied,
and finally lodged Rifely in the peniten
tiary; but the mob continued at war in
Cincinnati, and bad allies in other mobs
in Dayton and Columbus, The (iovcr
nor called all the St.Ue militia to
rush to Cincinnati a fast a possible, to
defuul the cit,. The mob spirit is
abroad like tin epidemic, and looks for
any excue to commit outrage.
Theie ji a lawless spirit among the
lower classes, usually found in densely
settled communities and greiU cities,
thai i vicious of iuntliiet ; but there is
also a long sutlering majority, who do
the woild's diudgery and win its curses
often, that become the victim ot mo
nopoly anil (he greed ot capital, who
(sometime re.ilixe, when their cup ot
A distinguished writer, who lately
published his opinion of the independ
ent voter, in connection with political af
fairs, predicts that he (tho 'said inde
pendent voter) will decido tho next suc
cession to tho Presidency of the United
States. It is agreeable to think that
such will bo the case. The times are
awake with independent sontiment, and
to make that sentimont prevail in poli
tics is to purify tho nation and put good
and honest man in command.
This writor draws with great effoct an
iuteiesting parallel to illustrate his view
of independence in political action. He
accepts Edmunds of the Republicans
and Hayardof tho Democrats as repre
sentatives of purity and fair dealing in
politics. Loth parties contain men like
thoi-e, who are high above sectional oi
partisan feeling, and favor reform of the
civil service that shall be genuine and uu
mUtakablc. Tho same parties have Con.
Logan, a Itepublican, and Judge Thur
man, a Democrat, who aro the opposiles
of the first named, With Logan and
Tlmrman, paity allegiance covers a mul
titude of sins. They bcliovo in dividing
tho offices among tho faithful woikers.
While their honesty and honorable char
acter is unimpeachable and they stand
the equals of Edmunds and llayard in
personal character, yet they represent
the machine in politics and are men
that the independent voter rejects. The
lime seems to have come when allegi
ance to paity is not the papoit to po
litical promotion, which is because the
independent voter is abroad in the land.
According to the writer we refer to,
the question of political moment is this .
"Will the two great parties presont for
tho sutlrages of the nation us eandidatea
for the Presidency prototypes of .ludgo
Edmunds and Senator Bayard i or will
they select adherents of the machine in
politics, of whom Ccn. Logan and
Judge Thurman in e types? Fortunate-
AVe have inquired at tho State House
concerning tho prospect of holding the
next legislative session in September or
January, and learned from Gov. Moody's
private secretary that ho seems to think
the now law will "hold water," and tho
session will commence in January, as
provided by recent statute. "Uienninl
sessions," as prescribed in the Stato con
stitution, should receive a liberal con.
struction. To mako a winter session
como within the views of some strict con
structionists, the sessions mut como
within two years of tho date of the last
regular meeting, and to accomplish it
the session should have been appointed
to meet last January. That would have
been an interval of fiftoen months be
tween sessions. Some hypercritical
philosopher suggests that the Governor
call an extra session, which will bridge
ovor the interregnum and bring tho bi
ennial idea into actual practice. Let us
see how the State was organized : Tho
Statn constitution was adopted Septem
ber 18, 1857, and provided that the Leg
islature should be "held biennially, com
mencing the second Monday in Septem
ber, 1858," but the "act of Congicss
admitting the State of Oregon into the
Union" was passed February 14, 1859.
Tho constitution says "the second Mon-
lay of September, 185S, and on tho
same day every two years theieaftcr."
This brought tho first Legislatiuo to
gether in 1800; the last one met in 1882,
and answered for two years from Febru
ary, 1881, to February, 188.'i. Tho Stato
was admitted February li, ISo'J, and
the biennial of the first session included
tho first two years. Tho biennial of the
prosent time ends February 11, 1S85, so
the letter of the law is complied
with if tho session commences in Janu
ary 1885. Thero is no especial import
ance attaching to the mattor. The con
stitution says tho time of meeting may
bo changed by law and the last Legisla
ture passed tho law for it. Tho reason
why early fall was chosen was to favor
farmers. They could not come in spring
or summer, and in winter the means of
communication with Southern and East-
em Oregon were very uncertain. Tho
liability of the Columbia to ficczc and
close navigation was the reason why tho
fall season was chosen for tho sessions to
be hold. That is a roason no longer. It
is a hardship for fanners and all others
to loso six weeks in September and Octo
ber, a time when there is much work to
bo done. It is important to change to
January and it is to be hoped that no
mere quibblo will bo allowed to rise and
interfere with tho best good of the State.
NATURE'S OWN PROFESSION
ly for the nation, independence of
thought, feeliug, and action grow and
spread until politicians recognize that
the independent voter holds the balance
of power. The time has been when
Cermans or Irish have been courted for
their suffrage, when even tho whisky in
terest was propitiated to insure success,
but. thank Cod for it, the time is come
when honest independence holds the
key to success. The politician trembles
in his boot for fear that the moral senti
ment of the country will go against
him.
The question as to whohhall be placed
in nomination for President involves
fully as vital interests as politics compre
hends. Any mistake will be fatal
Maine is the favorite of many, but the
independent voter will not forget hU
"iKissiMn" and his tricks of the trade.
Of Ihe half-dozen who are prominent
among llepublicans, scarce one, save
(ieo. 1 Edmund, comes clean-handed.
He jiurtuea his Senatorial career with
supreme imlilietvnce to any prospect
It is very proper to ask of oursolvis:
What is the natural destiny and duty of
man? The first man cultivated a gnr
den, and his two sons divided their duty.
Ono tilled tho earth, and the other had
his flocks and herds. The earth waa
made for man's home, and ho was
placed bore to study and develop its re
source". The world, with its civiliza
tion, as we see it to-day, proceeds from
the crude beginning that we read of in
Genesis. Man became a tiller of the
soil. All that man is beyond that is
still dependent upon it. The most hon
orable possession a man can have is to
own tho soil. That remains and pro
duces when money shall have taken to
itself wings and flown awaj. To own
and till the soil is hanl lalor, and vet it
is tho most satisfactory work that man
can oo. lie pianis me seea anil grows
the harvest. The world depends upon
the farm. Fashion and pride would
quickly find their level, if no products
came from the farm. The lawyer and
physician have their work to do, and
the, mechanic in bis workshop is a neces
sity ; but the prime worker of all is the
man who turns tho furrow and gathers
the harvest. He is the foundation that
civilization builds on, the architect
whoso plans none can discard. He is,
of all chiises, nearest to the Creator,
and most closely allied to His works.
He ha- most to learn of nature, and
spend his life studying the lvs that
govern production and incieose. For
him the orchards hlosoom and fruit, and
for him rich stores fill the bin from the
harvest field.
We should dignify our falling, and
make much of our advantage we pos-
c i in worm will not uniuifti us all
we need to accomplish the best results.
The world is only a home for farmers.
and more than half its people occupy
the farm. There it much that i worth
knowing about the boils we cultivate
ways and means to encourage produc
tion from the soil. It should be the
rule and not the exception that farmers
are called to fill positions of trust and
honor, instead of thoir standing back to
permit lawyers and professional politi
cians rule the land. Wo would do
nothing to lossen tho inhato dignity of
his calling, or that would tend to make
him a chronic place hunter, but wo
would insist that tho fanner Bhall be
chiof among citizens and most influen
tial. How, then, shall we accomplish this
revolution in tho world? for it will be a
social and political revolution when the
farmer shall lead instead of follow. Ed
ucation is the great nocd education for
the form. You can mako lawyers and
doctors and merchants of your sons,
and givo them education for those pur
suits, but that education will be wasted
if he stays on the farm. He noeds to be
educated to stay where ho is, and the
learning of nature's secrets is no trifling
matter. Tho department of agriculture
must bo elevated and enlarged in sphere
to include education for the farm and
all the uses of tho faun. This does not
require the ancient or modern hmguagos,
or the whole rango of mathematics and
tho exact sciences. It requires, how
ever, a broad field for scientific and ex
perimental investigation. The wide
world offers many questions for solu
tion. The literature of tho farm need
not bo narrow or tame, cither. It should
include all nature, and give premiums
rich and rare for successful endeavor.
The fuimer should bo a well read man
in all departments of life woik. Tho
ownership of land carries with it impor
tant questions to answer and great
duties to fulfill. Tho farmer should bo
well informed as a citizen, well qualified
as a man. versed in common law princi
ples, in philosophy, as a ground work
for his cspeoial career. He should be
especially qualified concerning matters
relating to soils and production. The
bureau of agriculture should have in its
charge institutions of learning of a high
order, organized for the education of the
farmcis. The public schools should
qualify their pupils for these colleges;
our system of schools must comprehend
all that is nccesaiy for the education
and elevation of our class. It is not
only necessary that farmers should take
rank and hold positions as a matter of
right, but they should, in so doing, bo
recognized as farmers, and honored as
such. It is not the individual we caio
to see honoied, but the class. The rep
lesentative of his class should bo put
forwaidby his fellows and honored by
them. The time cannot be far off when
farmeis shall he available candidates
for tho highest oilicos the people
can bestow. It is timo that in relation
to Legislators and Congress, tho public
put up this sign "No Lawyer Need
Apply."
The Nooksack Valley.
A visit to the Valley of the Nooksack,
r 'marks the Whatcom Reveille, must
impress one with an idea of the grand
future in stoic for Whatcom county.
The forest is yielding to tho axe- of the
sturdy i anchor, and slowly but surely
thegaiden, the meadow and tho field
are widening. Here, there, and every
where clearings aro being made, and
houses loom up. Acre by aero the far
mer is increasing his fertile farm, and so
the country i6 developing at least as
i apidly as the towns. One good feature
is that most of the land is held by actual
settlers, who aie not afraid of work.
There are already some of the finest
farms imaginable in tho Nooksack
valley, and every year valuable improve
ments aro being mode.
Hall's Vegetable Sicilian Hair Ilenewer is
a certain remedy for removing dandruff,
making the scslp white and clean, and re
storing gray hair to its youthful color. It
imparts a cue gloss and freshness to the hair,
annis highly recommemled by physicians,
elerymn and scientists as a preparation
accomplishing wonderful results.
that the Presidency awaits him. Theland tlicd we plant. It is time the I
DRY GOODS.
Our HVekly Arrivals
NOVLETIES
IS
SPRINGS SUMMER GOODS
Will not fail to please the most
fastidious,
OLOS&KING,
IHti First Street,
PORTLAND, OR.
. n.Tht tmtwl ear taksHs
ia sUlla Order by wuttL
1 J
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