mm i vwtr xs v tw a. l t . ; J j ' i - i -i at z. r .'i l .fcWk-s. i
VOL. XV.
omonilcnr.
MEETING TO FORM A WOLF HUNTING CLUB.
Sam:m, Or., .Ian. 11, 1SS4.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
Pursuant to a call published in the
Farmeh a few of the resident of tho
southeast portion of Marion county met
at tho storo of A. Avert and adopted the
form of organization published below. '
An election was had and Lewis Petti
john was chosen President, llnny P.
Minto Secretary, and A. Avert Treas
urer, and Lewis Pettijohn, A. Avert. and
T. L. Davidson financial or awarding
committee. I. Jr. Wagner, M. K. Moor,
A. Hogg, II. E. Ankcny, G. H. Croisan
and II. P. Minto of 'Salom, Charles Miller
and William Pato of Jefferson, and How
ard Hunsaker of Turner, wero appointed
canvassers to secure members.
There seemed to bo no division of
opinion as to the plan adopted being the
best that can be for clearing the distiict
of the pestiferous cayotes. The sum of
$25 was fixed upon as a prico for a
cayoto scalp, which with fifty members
would make a wolf cost each member
fifty cents which would be reduced to
twenty-five 'cents should the membership
rise to one hundred, which should bo got
in tho district. Tlic following is the
form :
.FORM Or ORGANIZATION 01' C'lUZMFKITTA
W0I.F hunter's C1.UI1.
Section 1. This organization shall bo
known as the Chemoketn Wolf Hunter's
Club.
Son. 2. Tho officers of this club shall
bo a President, a Secretary and a Treas
urer, who shall each hold his ollice until
his successor is elected and qualified.
Spc 3. Membership in this club shall
be secured to any person who shall sub
scribe to its plan of organization and
pay the fees and dues or assessments
agreed upon by the clufr.
Sec. 4. Each momber shall havo ono.
voto. All voting shall bo done by ballot
anil questions shall bo docided by a ma
jority of tho votes cast.
Sec. 5. Tho President shall call and
act as chairman of meetings. Tli3 Sec
retary shall keep a permanent record of
all transactions of the club, and draw
warrants on the Treasurer when ordered
to do so by a voto of tho club or its duly
elected financial or awarding committee.
The Treasurer shall bo tho custodian of
tho funds of tho club and pay out the
samo undor orders diawn by tho Secre
tary and signed by the Ptosidcnt when
authonzeit by the club or its tmaucial
committee.
Sec. C. Tho President and two mem
bers elected by tho club shall constitute
tho awarding or financial committee,
who shall receive ptifs of any wolf or
oher animal for tho destruction of which
a. premium has been offeri d h ivingbeen
killed within tho club hnii -. tintl they
or any two of them shall n ":i satisfac
tory proof order tho Souictiny, who upon
such order, shall draw bib warrant on
tho Treasurer for the sum thus frund to
bo duo ; such order shall in all c.iscs bo
eigned by tlte President and in all cues
tho scalp of the "dead animal shall l'
surrendered by tho parties to whom the
premium is awarded and shall be de
stroyed in. the prcsonce.of the awarding
committee, or a majority of them ; pro
vided, wolves or other animal killed by
poison shall not bo deemed t" Coii.e
within tho rules of the club, or ! paid
for from its fund-,
KUI.KS.
L The boundaries of this :lub shall
bo as follows: Commencing at tho
i-ity of Salem, and running up Mill
Creek -to Turner, thonccalong the line
of tho O. & C. Ituilroatl to Jefferson,
thenco down the Kantiam river to tho
Willamette rher, thenco down tho Wil
lamette to Salem. Provided, any wolf
or other animal whco destruction is
paid for by this club which is started
iusido of these bounds shall bo deemed
taken within tho bounds although it
may havo been killed outside, and any
wolf or other animal which shall bo
started outsido of these limits, though
killed within them shall not be paid for
by this club.
2. Each member shall pay to tho
Treasurer of this club, upon joining the
same, the sum of one dollar and th ad
ditional sum of fifty conts for each wolf
or other animal killed and paid for by
the club. Provided, tho awarding com
mittee shall have power to raise or lower
the assessment an it may be found ncc
sary to carry out tho requirement! of
this rule.
3. The wnall wolf or cayote shall be
tho unit for the destruction of which
twenty-live dollars shall bo paid by the
club.. A wild cab shall rate at ' one-half
that sum or twelve dollars and fifty cents.
A largo wolf at doublo the rate of a
cayoto or fifty dollars, and a panther or
cougar at fifty dollars.
4. When n llremium has been awarded
and paid, the secretary shall, upon the
order of tho awarding committee issue
to. the members of the club notices
of an assessment so as to keep the
treasury replenished to meet the 10
quircnicnts of this club.
The following became members :
Lewis Pettijohn, H. E. Ankcncy, T. L.
Davidson, G. 11. Croison, I. M. Wagner,
M.11 Moore, ll. P. Minto, A. Hogg,
Prof. T. C. Jory, and A. F. Davidson.
A Disease In Sheep Who Caa Give a Cure.
CnE3wn.i, Or., Jan. 2, 1881.
Editor Willamette Farmer.
Wc take the Farmer because wo like
its mako up and wish it cou'd be placed
in every farmer's family on this north
west coast, and farther, wo wish more
farmers would write their experiences
for publication. We are always inter
ested in reading letters written of per
sonal experiences from farmers and their
wives and children, but I think; judging
from self standpoint, that many will say
that they cannot write anything that will
interest others, and furthermore that we
ha so much to do. Our reading matter
must not be laid aside any more than
our out door work can bo neglected and
so when can wo get time to put our
thoughts on paper for tho benefit of
others. But if wo farmers neglect to
send along our items for publication we
hope our editor will circulate "inote
among tho farmers and gather them up
for us. We would gladly welcome him
this way.
There is in this section much mystery
as to what aitH tho sheep and causes
them to die. It has boon generally laid
to tho leach and that they had become
sb diseased by running on low lands or
around muddy springs. We wero told
by knowing onos that if wo would ex
amine tho liver we would find the duct
full of leach, borne two years ago we
examined caieftllly six in succession
directly aftor death and only found loach
in ono of them. Shico then my neigh
bors and myself have from time to time
given a careful examination to see if the
presence of leach could bo detected and
on some wo could find from four to six
shile in others not a leach could be
found. Some grow poor and some die
'in go. -d order so far as outward appear-auif-n
showed. Some few snejl under
chop- but most of them do not, Some
cough and others do not, but all h.iw
moie nr les red water around the hoar:
from f.'itr to six quarts. In- tome the
liver i- .spotted or mottled ; iu others
there would be hard dryish spots in. the
liver. All of which goes to show that it
is a diseascdliver together with dropsy
that takes them oil'. .Wo have read all
tho work? that we could get on tho dis
eases of sheep but do not us yet find any
that give the proper name for it. Wo
have tried tho variou- remedies, that we
have seen published for the euro of leach
or as a check, but without apparent suc
cess. The best gunrd against it is to
have plenty of good grass. Wo arc led
to believe that the cause of so much
loss iu sheep is lecaubo we paturo too
close, thereby driving tho sheep to eat
this ground moss or somothiiig else that
does not agree with thorn.
Who can give us any light upon this
subject from their icrsonal experience.
N. A. W. How:.
The Mortgage Tax Lav and IU Effect.
New Era, Or., Jan. 10, 18S1.
I'.Jitor Willamette Farmer : '
This tax question seems to bo almost
threadbare, but still as I am pursued I
do not propose to give up tho field, pro
viding you will indulge me with a little
more room in your valuable paper.
So far as my observation goes the
man who is out of debt has good reason
to complain as he has an unjnat pro
portion of the taxes placed upon him. I
was talking the other day with a man
SALEM, OREGON, FRIDAY, JANUARY
who has two brothers living near him,
he Baid ha was tho poorest by odds of tho
three. Tho other two were a little in
debt and by that means ho pays more
taxes than both of thorn. A horse was
bought for $150, the horso was assessed
at ?50; the indebtedness taken out covers
what the horso is assessed at andJflOO
of other property besides, which in fact
the man who holds the noto pays. All
there is in the caso that is assessablo is
thorsc and ho is valnpd at but $50.
Xow you will say tho horso was not as
sessed high enough ; that is fine logic
that side foremost. But the man who
had tho horso in his possession when
assessed did not complain as the assessor
said ho always aimed to estimate proper
ty at what ho thought it would -bo sure
to bring in cash at a forced sale. It
gave a solid base to the property esti
mate of a county. I will confess that I
havo never raised a disturbance with an
assessor for valuing my property too low
nor have I ever heajd,of any of my
neighbors doing it, and I will-venture an
opinion that none of those who have
been after mo with red hot pencils in
the Disseminator, havo evor riiii d a row
with the assessor for undervaluing their
properly. Therefore if ho gives genoral
satisfaction, .why begin any complaints J
I still continue to believe that tho most
correct way to collect taxes is to assess
all property and money in whosoever
hands it is found. Say, for instance, on
tho first Monday in May. Knowing
nothing about notes, mortgagos or ac
counts. Taking out nor allowing any
indebtedness whatever. In fact keeping
out of other peoples business. Simply
lot everybody pay tho taxes on all the
pinporty tlioy havo in their possession
upon a certain fixed day. Blanks can
bo sent out among tho people to bo filled
out upon that day, which they must
swear to, if called on to do so, by the
person who is authorized in each dis
trict lo tako them up.
Should tho Scotch loan company win
tho suits they have commenced against
the diU'cront counties, would if not place
capital that claims its homo in Oregon
to disadvantage? Well, it is about tho
way the prosent system of doing busi
ness generally comes out. When one
man takes money belonging to anothor
to use, let him become responsible for
tho taxes on that money, although it
may for a short time seem a burden upon
the borrower, but I firmly bolievo that
money would bo induced to comb hero
into thoSlato so he could soon borrow
under conditions far moro favorable to
himself than at present. Tho present,
law is doing a good job of keeping
mony out of the State and thero are
some who will find it out before 'six
month". Thomas Uuhkman.
Reno vat tag old Orchards.
Pijun.ANi,0r., Jan. 10, 1881.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
In your issue of December 28th your
conespondont writing from Haywards,
California, offers some timely sugges
tions alxjtit renovating old orchards.
Xow that the completion of tho Xorth
orn Pacific allbrds facilities to tho farm
ers of Oregon for teaching a suro market
for all their surplus fruit products thoie
is no longer any excuse for neglecting
the orchards which 20 or 25 years ago
wero a soureo of so innnli piolit and was
the pride of Oregon. Of luto yeuis thoy
have been badly neglected, pruning and
cultivation abandoned bucuiiho, said the
fanners, "It don't pay." It is a painful
sight to ride over tho valley and see this
neglect; in some instances to see old
orchards turned out into the commons
like an old blind horse that has become
useless, to dio of neglect. Thero is no
longer any excuse for they can be reno
vated and made to pay, writ for acre,
better than tho Iwst wheat field in tho
most prosjierous years and most f .not
able markets. Let the work of renovat
ing commence this spring; let it bo thor
ough and complete and not neglected for
any other work considered of .more im
portance. Commence with the pruning
knife and saw and remove the dead and
superfluous branchescrape off the moss
4-. ."K,
and old baik and givoj them n washing
with limo or soap applied with a white
Vrash brush ; then apply a top dressing
of manure about the trees. It is tho
work of ypars to plant, cultivate and
bring a young orchard into profitable
bearing. The old ones will pay well tho
first season for the labor and expense be
stowed upon their lenovation and will im
prove j ear after year if rightly cared for.
It is tiuo wo planted in eaily days
some varieties that wo would drop en
tirely if planting again for wo havo
learned something by experience. But
these varieties if not so useful as others
we might name can all bo utilized
by canning, dtying or niado into jelly or
marmalade. Thero is a market for im
mense quantities of such products, and
hero an opening for a new industry in
Oregon. Wo have tho material and may
harvest tho crop beforo the present year
closes. The fairest and finest varieties
can be shipped to Eastern cities as green
fruit, and all others canned or dried.
Every farmer who raises a surplus of
fruit should havo a dryer. Good evap
orated fruit will find a ready market and
in tliis way all can bo savod.
I notice tho causes and the euro of
dry rot in apples is roceivine attention
from some of vour corrosnondonts and
should like to see a satisfactory conclu
sion arrived at.
I cannot quite agroo with your cor
respimdcnt, Mr. Jcssup, for I saw Oregon
apples in her ' palmy days" from 1850
to 1870 when a commission merchant in
San Francisco I handled thousands of
boxes of Oregon npplca every steamer
during tho Hush season. I can name
certain varieties that wore in thoso days
badly affected with dry rot so as to nat
nrally affect their vnlito. In some
variolic that troublo still oxists while in
others it has materially disappeared. In
those earlier days good care and culti
vation has prevailed. In my mind there
is somo other cause of dry rot which I
do not understand. I trust tho investi
gation may continuo till wo ascertain
tho eauso and find n remedy. Lot us
havo more light. J. D. Knait.
The Northern Edge ot Marlon County.
Monitor, Or., Jan. 1, 4S81.
Klilor WilUimtto Frmw :
Fall wheat looks well iu this part of
tho county und nearly all tho farmers
have put their spare timo in by doing
tho fall plowing and getting ready for
early spring sowing. Wo all look ahead
for largo crops the coming season.
Mr. Joseph Itoss, of Ilutto Creek, has
a fiuo span of hortos that are very sick
with the staggers and are expected to
die. The staggers is a veiy bad disease
and farmers ought not to keep their
horses too fat in the winter season, or
give them too much dry feed. They
don't exercise enough and this is the
cause of this disease. Give your horses
plonty of bait and oak ahiH. To cuio
the staggers, boil oats and barley and
feed when cold. Fied as much as you
think best, but dont give thorn any dry
feed, even though they are crazy for it.
Give them plenty of exercise and don't
over-heat thotn for if you do your hotvj
is gone up. Follow tho directions and
you will not Ni botheied with blind stag
gem.
Mr. P. K. .Johnson, of Hay, icccntly
lost a valuable span of horbes by over
driving and then giving thcni too much
cold water, and washing them off with
cold wator. I liopo that all of you who
are a friend to your faithful uiiimal will
tako warning from this and tako good
care of your dumb friend. J. W, T.
Note. The staggers seems to be quite
genemC we will reproduce an article on
this subject publihhed last year from Dr.
.fas. Wiihycimlio, iu our next. K
Another Farm Data.
OuesSwei.1, Or., Jan. 7, 1S8L
Editor Willamette Farmer:
I have just been looking over an
article in your paper styled tho Farm
Gate. As I am a farmer I have the right
to and know how to appreciate tho gate.
18, 1884.
But must bog lea o to differ with tho
writer in some m peel's, u, wit :
As to having as few of them as pos
sible., I think tho f aimer should havo a
good gate wherever it is necessary to
pass through tho fence, and to hao
every field and lot furnished with one,
sufficiently wide as to admit of any farm
machinery to pass through with ease.
But if I had to procoed to as much labor
and experience as ho speaks of in order
to sccuio one, no doubt 1 should have
but few. What the fanner needs and
wants is a way of making n good sub
tautial gato with as little cost as possible,
and one that will swing clear and easy
on either level or hilly ground and not
sag. Xow I havo a plan and mothod of
making and supposing a gate, from six
feet wido to that of sixteen, that will
work easy and swing clear either on level
or hill sido land. All that is necessary
to mako ono is to have six-inch
fenco boards tho length you want tho
gato, and threo pieces four nnd ono half,
feet long of tho samo material, forty
wrought nails, common fonco posts six
and one-half feet long and thirty feet of
fenco wire. I can tako that much
material and mako and hang'a gato that
will not sag. M. J. 11.
Xoie. Our correspondent has sent us
tho "ingredients" and ho must givo the
cure. Ed.
Ohio Correspondence.
l.r.oNARDsituua, Doc. Ill, 18815.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
In this ago of variegated sunrises and
sunsets, of ciop failures and disappoint
ments, of dull times and political treach
ery, I have drawn consolation from the
Fahmku and read with interest many
items in it, as from thousands of miles
away its Inmost moral faro puts in ifs
appearance from timo to time. Vour
passing notico of tho Elementary spell
ing book revived in tny mind many al
most hallowed memories of backwoods
bettloinetits, of log school bouses, of large
families, of ..scholars iu b'no jeans and
icd llannels, of beach fires and parched
corn, of spelling schools and itinerant
shadbollios and saddlebags, the itch and
log-rollings, quillings tiud cabin raisings,
unselfish and friendly neighbors, scrub
cattle and tho murrain, sugar nmkini,'
and frogs, woh es and wild turkeys, tho
tinkling of cowbells and the screaming
of malo bovines iu defiance, as from
herd to herd thoy would answer each
other, often ending in deadly ronconter,
an occasional red man, and but one nig
ger in Delaware county, Ponipoy King,
who had been a servant of Washington ;
Delaware with five hundred inhabitants;
tho seat of government at Frankjintou,
or Berksbhe, or Granville, or Zanesville,
or Chillicothc, forever passed from them,
and Columbus, their proud rival, tiding
slowly and steadily amongst the stumps
and swales of Scioto bottoms,! thought to
mvself, such is tho romance of pioneer
life, "carry mo back." Hut to go buck,
"gain to the starting point, J vonldsay
that this was tho era of good spelling,
and forty years of ixidagoguing, with its
changes in school-books, especially spell
ing books, has been for tho worse instead
oi the bettering ot mat most useful ac
complishment, is tho lesult of etjieri
once, and 1 lielievo you will ugieo with
mo in claiming tho Elementary to bo
second to none as a spelling book, not
withstanding the il.ite of its publication,
The new year now approaching brings
with it many grao problems, whilst it
teliovi's us from December-with its fitful
changes from rain to sleet, and from
leet to violent storms ot wind an. I snow.
the thermometer playing up and down
like a striking machine lunoug drunken
boys at a county fair. Com lotting in
the shock, or hi the crib, Kansas ship
ping corn to supply one of the groat coi n
growing regions of the world, mid yet
fut hogs only worth four cuts u pound.
These are not pleasant things to contem
plate or realize, yet they aro iitublioru
facts, and their effects are munifest iu
tho sales of reul estate for the purpose of
seeking'a new equable climate. Dela
ware has a representative in tlioix'rsoii of
Stephen U. Cruikshank, now iu Oregon,
seeking a home; many others are await
ing his decision whether it be Washing
ton, Oregon or Nebraska.
But of 1884, what shall we say. Un
der present auspices our currency will
lie meddled with, our tariff doctored,
NO. 41).
whether it makes it worso or hotter; a
clnof niagistiatc must bo chosen (and
God grant it may not bo some old stand
ing candidate); the gieat agricultural
domain of Alaska must havo a good re
publican government j and soma Xorman
and Clydesdale horses imported ; old war
memories will have tp bo dug up and got
ready for tho campaign ; shot-gun prac
tice revived around ballot boxes, and re
ligious intimidation, with its potent cor
rective infiuences, used o darkies and
presumptuous Republicans who dare to
desecrate the sanctity of tho ballot box
down "thai-," and wo pause and ponder.
I saw by tho Herald and rresbyter
that Portland, had two Presbyterian
churchos,and both had large accessions,
rocontly. This speaks well for Portland
as woll as for this very respectable
branch of Zion.
I wish you and your many readers ti
happy new year, a prosperous journey
through life, and rest beyond lifo's fitful'
scenes, where tho wicked cease from
troubling and tho weary nro at rest. So
mote it be. John Waters.
OUR ILLUMINED SHIES.
It is singular enough to watch thif
sun riso or set and seo tho wonderful
illumination of tho miner skv an hour
or so after or beforo tho sun touches the
horizon. Sunday evening thero wcin
clouds that looked dark and forbidding,
but they wero near by and tho crimson
glow that lasted long after sunset was in
the far boyond. Monday evening tho
sun went down, out of our vision, at free
o'clock and soon tho wondrous illumim1
tion began on tho south wost. Thuie
was no cloud to bo seen. Tho sky wiih
clcur; lustrous stars looked through it
overywhere. After the sun went down
tho crimson glow caino and spread beau
tifully, gradually fading away an hour
and a half after tho sun disappeared.
Thote nro various theories as to the
cause of this strange lustio in tho upper
heaven, for this .matter, whatever it is,
is said, by scientists to bo oor fifty miles
high. Somo say it is "cosmic dust" thai
ilo.its through bpaco and is held in tho
very highest atmosphere It must w
veiy light, whatever it is, and tho only
pretense that claims it to Lo of earthly
origin, suggests that it is smoke or
vapor fiom somo of tho volcanic dis
turbances that occurred last fall. Tlt.it
theory is often accepted. Many sav
it must bo that tho eurtfi is wrapped in
tho tail of some comet and it only show.
iu this way. It is something ttiuuj.o
and uncommon and has been seen i.II
over America and a great patt of
Europe,
THE BEST APPLE8 TO DAY.
A subscriber writes to ask what : if
the best varieties of apples for dtying.
Wo do not profess to bo good autboitiy
on this subject but woknow that of e.nly
apples tho lied Astrachan dries woll .unl
makes the best kind of dried i'lvt
Tho Waxen is a very excellent cim! n
applo and is as good fitiit as n.n -
when dried. It lusts a long time, lius
solid flchh and makos a good yield, l-i .
that purposo it ranks among th i t
Tho Baldwin is excellent to dry, r-'.ii it,
Cider, the Fall Pippin, in fact aitj jp o I
tart applo can bo dried, but totnu f.u f is
mi juicy that it dries away too nii.tr,,
For setting out an orchard to d t n is
not advisable to havo many variil'is is
ti havo fruit that will come in hei,..i mi
and afford business tluough the v J. do
Boisou, The Astrachan is rnrlj fit
Waxen comes in eaily autumn, tui
cau all'ord to plant a gro.it niifn- of
these and thu Baldwin's. Youtmif. 'z
out the MuiotiiM that thrive ltcst u: i .nt
locality and soil. Any friend who -n
give fuller information on this fo;
invited to do so.
Suiiscriiikrs wiix please buy i p I
noto or hond by registered letter to
direct. Don't pay it to any one else ui
remit to us. We will .send a to Cpt
showing exactly how their dates n! (id
on our books. We cannot pay agv,it,
for tho prico is as low as wo can affml
to publish tho WittAMwrru Fiuieh.
Terms, ono year 2.00 six incnths,
11.25.
i