Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887, May 18, 1883, Image 1

Willamette farmer., May 18, 1883, Image 1

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Newspaper Page TextVOL. XV. I 1k .!. X HOT . i ai nrrcannnnmrt. a lfiy -r& - wwv - QUESTIONS ASKED AND ANSWERED Under this bead we invite kit our readers to contribute their "mite." This we intend making an interesting feature of the Farmer. Any question asked on farm topi is or any thing of a general nature will be carefully answered. PEED FOB HOUS AND CALVES. 1. Does it pay to cook food for Hogs ? 2. Should con-mel be fed dry or moistened? 3. Isnot around corn and pais better thin ungrnund for calves? Answer, 1. There is a difference of' opinion in resard to cooking feed for hogs, hut' practically we don't be lieve it will pay for the fuel and labor. But few feeders cook the food, and that is a strong argument against the practice. 2. When corn meal is f-d to pigs it is best to moisten it and feed it in the form of a thick slop, and if it fermented a little until it is slightly sour it is all the better. 3. Calves should certainly have ground feed and not whole grain, but it should be fed mederately, so that it is completely digested. PLANTIN$ FOREST TREES. E. 0. desires information on the best plan to plant forest trees. In reply we would state: Plant in straight owa, so that the trees can he cultivated while young. After thev are five or six years eld a mulch of straw will answer the purpose of cultivation and be less expensive. THE BEST DAIRY ANIMALS. Amateur, from Tillamook, writes, asking what breed of o ittle do you consider best for the dairy; I mean for butter miking; the country here is especially adapted to dairying? Answer. Get either the Jersey, Ayrshire or Guernsey blood for milkers, not for quantity of milk, but for richness of cream and butter. For profitable beef the short-horns are the best TRIMMING 8TRAMBERR VIKFS. "Horto," from Salem, asks, what time do you consider is the best for thinning out run-, ners irom, airawoerry vines i sinawrr. n runners are removed Irom strawDerry vines in spring the old plant will be more vigorous And the fruit fairer. There will be time enough to grow plants for next year's fruiting after the crop of this season's vines has ripened, SORE EVES IS HORSES. "Cuitan," in a ccrresponlence to this paper, says that his horse has sore, eyes, and wishes somi one ti tell him what he can use to advantage, Also, wha1: causes them to be so affected, Answer. Hora-a Kept in close stables are apt to suffer with sore eyes, caused by the ammonia from their urine. A little land plaster or evpsnm scattered in the sta bles will absorb this ammonia and save its valuable fertilizing properties. Diluted sul phuric ncid will do the same, but is not so convenient as the gvpsum. EVAPORATED APPLES., "Subscriber," writing from' Portland, asks whither kiln-dried apples are called evapor ated apples, or what the difference in the dry ing of them is? Answer. A we understand it there is but li tie difference. In the Eastern States thev dry apples andi bleach them with sulphur and then call them evaporated. Cor rectly speaking, the process of drying is nothing more or less than evaporation. We think the only difference i that while we call them dried apples in the No thwest they are called evaporated in the Eistern Stues. FEEDING YOUNG COLTS. Subscriber asks ; I have a calf that hss lost its dam, what and 'how shall I feed it? Answer. There is nothing better for a young colt that has lost its dam than cow's milk a little sweetened. Give a half pint six times a day at 6rst. At two months skimmed milk may be used. Half a pint of oil meal a day will prevent constipation. OCR NORTHWEST ,BOlDABV. The whole of the northweat boundary of the United Statea, from Michigan to Alaska, haa been distinctly marked by the British and American commirtioners; and eome in teresting details hav been published of the way in which thia difficult task waa accom plished. The boundary ia marked by atone cairns, iron pillars, wood pillars, earth mounds and timber posts. These structures vary from five feet in hight to fifteen feet, and there are 385 of them betwen the Lake of the Words and the base of the Rocky Mount tains. That portion of the boundary that liei east and west of the Red riv-r valley is marked by caat iron pillars at even mile in tervals. The British place one every two miles and the Unite.! Statea one between each Britiah poat. The posts are hollow iron caaU inga. And upon the opposite faces are cat in letters two inches high, the inscription. "Convention of London," and "October 20, 1881." The average weight of each pillar when" completed i eighty -five pounds. Where the line coaaea lakes, mountains of et-ne have been built, the bases I...:..- : -i. .. iq f-. nnjpp uriter. and the tops projecting some eight feet above the unaceoi tneiaiceaat nigu wj. ....... -v- At f .L. 1 1. . .tr..l kv f-li!ri iod loreau, me ituo ia .i.mmv--. -v a the timber a rod wide and clearing away the under'rush. As mUht be imagined, the work of cutting through the timbered swamps was very great, but P. has all been carefully and thorougly d"ne. The pillara are act four feet in the ground in ordinary cases, with their inacnp ion facea to the north and aoutb, and the earth ia well settled and stamp-d about them. The iron posts afford little temptation for dialodsiment and convey ing away by Indiana or others. F TACOMA." Yakima Signal, April, 18S3. -The Northwest, paper printed at New York, In the intereat of the Northern Pacific railroad, advocates changing the name Mount Kanier to Mount Tacoma. It says : The Indian name Tacoma will hereafter be used in the guide books and other publica tions of the Northern Pacific and the Oregon Railway Company, instead of Ranter, which the Engllih Captain, Vancouver, gave to this magnificent peak when he explored the waters of Puget Sound 'in the last'eentnry. The nam Ranier never had any appropriate ness, for it was adopted as a compliment to an English Admiral, who never saw the mountain. The word "Tacoma" is more euphomus than the work Ranier, but a mistake is com mitted by the white people who think that the Indian name for this reat eak is "Ta coma." Those who named the town of Ta coma no doubt thought they were eiving to it the Indian name for the mountain which is so conspicuous from that point, but they were mistaken. The Indian name for the moun tain is Tahoma and not Tacoma. The w rd Tahoma in the native tongue signifies very high, or nearly up to heaven. The Indian's look upon the miuutain with a sort "f super stitious reverence, and the older numbers of the tribe really believe that from its summit the distance to heaven is very short. "" ll'aite niuah copa sah ah-le " The Indian name of Mount Adann is Pali-to. The meaning of thin word is preoiselv the same as the meaning of Tahoma, the difference in the words repre senting only the difference in the languages rf the respective tribes who had their abodes netr these two great natural land. marks. Pali-to, in the language of the Klickitats. cor responds in meaning with the word Tahoma in the language of the Snoqualmies, Yakimas ana aesquaues. Beoause of their stuperstions it is very diffi cul to persude an Indian to ascend Mount Kanier (or lanoma, H you please) to any con siderable height, and he is exceedingly care ful to 'deport himself properly even ' while in its vicinity. The old-time natives who saw the mountain in a constant state ot alow. smouldering eruption concluded that a great spirit made the top ot the mountain his per petual heme, and that the smoke they saw issuing from the old crater represented his fire by which he kept warm and did his cooking. Far up on the aides of the mountain are to be found in considerable numbers a species of pigeon, which might be appropria ely called the ' Sacred Snow Fowl." These pig.ons are gregarious in their habits, and in size a trifiV larger than ordinary pigeons. The Indians regard these birds as the special pets of the great spirit who dwells upon the mountain, and could could not therefore be induced, un dr any circumstances, to injure them. They firmly believe that the peualty for such an act would come instantly in the shape of a great snow Btorm, by which the offender would be overwhelmed before he could es cape. Owing In part to the protection af forded by this superstition and in part to the fact that their snow-clad dominion is seldom invaded by ferocious man, these birds ar. almost total strangers to fear, and miy be nearly o iptured by the hand. These pigeons, the whistling badger and the fleet-footed ibex ore the principal denizens of this otherwise silent, icy retreat. Mount Rainier, or Mount Tahoma, is by far the most striking topographical feature of Washington Territory, Its height is supposed to be nearly 14,500 feet above the sea. Si u ated in the midst of the grrat Cascade range which separates Eastern from Western Wash ington, it may be seen from almost every seo tion of the Territory. Clad in its changeless robes of white it is an appropriate emblem o. peace and purity. Standing, not loi g since, high upon its trackless snow, the writer, by Bimply turning around, could behold at the same instant the mountain peaks of British Columbia in the north, Puget Sound and th Pacific Ocean in the west, a part of the State of Oregon in the south and the B'ue Moun tains beyond Walla Walla in the east The States of Missouri, Ohio, Mississippi, Illinois and many other Statea of the Union have been named after their great rivers. In fact nearly all of the States bear names indicative of someprominent geographical feature or pe -u-liarity of climate. This being the case, what could be a more beautiful and appropriate and beautiful name of our future State than Tahoma ? To give to thia State permanently the name of Washington U lead to endless confusion. When people in other places shall speak of some evsnt that has transpired in Washington" the IMener will not know, without asking, whether the apeaker alludes to Washington in the District of Columbia or tha Statu r.7 Washington. If a peraon stand ing, for instance, upon the atreets of Chicago says to a friend that he is going to start to Missouri, to Florida, to Massachusetts or to any other State in the Union, it will need no further explanation. But if he ahould an- noui ce an intention of going to Washington k. .U hmvB in eiolain whether he designed going to the hation's capital, to some of the numerous Washington counties or to the 8tate of Washington. In coming into thu Union let us by all meant take unto ourselves a new name a. il avoid coram! ting an irrepsrable blunder Let ua eive to our Statethe inman um " OUr rClll UIUUUM4U ... .,, means almost to heaven. I .lVKiiivnTnw. Mav 15 The order lor a court martial in the case of Paymaater J R. Wassoo, to bo convened on trie lo'.n inn , t... lupn amnended bv General Augur, de;uty commander, by direction of the secre tary of war, pending further eiaminatio-i as to the extent ne uriiiinu, -.v-. t.aa been detailed for the purpose. The court martial will be auspended until his report hall have been laid before the secretary of war. TLAND, OREGON, YCLONES AND T0&MAD0E3. For three days past the wires have been burdened with accounts of fearful disas ters that occurred east of the Rocky Mountains ast Sunday, May 13th. This terrible storm started west of the Mis souri river, spread ruin through part of Kansas and laid desolate a wide swath in Missouri. Then, crossing the Mississippi, the storm raged in southern Indiana nnd through Illinois and Ohio and waa felt as far north as Michigan. The mere fact of a storm raging would convey to Oregon readers no conception of what occurred Sunday in the path of the tornado through these six Statea. The wind blowing at its worst hero amounts only to the downfall of n few tall firs, that liavo been left isolated, or perhaps some rick ety, worn fence falls. In our city the signs may rattle, but we hear of no sub stantial damage done or of lives lost. But the storm that raged Sunday, that wo tell of, was fearful in its consequences. For a thousand miles it swept ever villages, farms and cities, carrying ruin and deal ing death. Column after column lias been sent over the wires, telling of death and disaster. Farm houses and other buildings were destroyed. Happy in mates of pleasant homes met instant death or arc crippled for life. At South port, near Indianapolis, two churches were destroyed. Some towns were ru ined and many farmers found themselves homeless and all their hopes blighted. It is a fearful etory to twell npon. To bViow how general was the effect of storms on that day, we read that a storm struck in Texas ; hail stones went through tho roofs and cattle were killed in tho fields. Tho dead and wounded in tho track of the main storm number hundreds, and the destruction of property will amount to millions of dollars. This is not a single instance, but a common narrative, such as reaches us by installments every week in the year. Blizzards, tornadoes, hail storms, cyclones, seem to bo tho"coinmon lot of States east of the Rocky Moun tains, reaching from tho Rocky Moun tains to tho ocean on the east and tho gulf on the south. Wo have occasionally noted this fact and called attention to tho remarkablo difference in this respect be tween tho States east and west of tho great dividing ridgo. The history of tho country has been ac curately kept for three quarters of a cen tury, sinco tho advent of tho fur compa nies, so as to know relativo to meteorologi cal changes during that time, but tho old est members of tho fur companies bears witness that tho country has suffered no severe storms since ho knew it. The book of nature has plain evidence to give on this point. The tall firs of our forests would fall prostrato before tho cyclones that occur at the East ; tho standing tim ber proves that no such fctorni9 have pre vailed for centuries. Mr. Stewart, tho Scotch capitalist, now visiting Oregon, who is greatly interested in Salem enterprises, and has other inter ests here, lately came down from Salem and remarked to tho writer of this that there must have lieen a storm across tho line of travel, liecauso ho noticed fir trees overthrown, all thrown in tho same direc tion. Ho was right in his surmise, and showed correct observation. During tho history of the country there has been one storm which occurred tho 8th of January, 18S0. It swept off tho ocean from tho southwest and followed that course 500 miles or more, from just aliovo the Cali fornia lino to Spokane Falls and beyond. Its worst effect was to prostrate isolated firs and pines and to unroof a few sheds and ill-built bams. It chum littlo des truction to property and no loss of life. V 11 loa resulting was incidental to tho 1 premature fall of timlcr. That storm was phenom'n 1 with us, and tho face of na turo shows' no parallel to it at any time. All tho country west of tho Rocky Mountains Is remarkably free from at mospheric disturbances. The winds como from north or south and seldom ri.ss to vehemence. On the very day Sunday May 13th that this cyclone raged, there ' ' ' . w FRIDAY, MAY waa an unusual wind here that attracted general attention. It was likely con nected with the Eastern storm, for the Iwind arose in the night and prevailed all day: Sunday. Yet this, that we called a storm, was only a zephyr compared with tho cyclone that raged east of us. I Tho exemption from serious storms or kinds that the Pacific Northwest enjoys p a ulcssing of great value. There is no ither country that we read of that has inch exemption or is so favored. Our cit t.ens should feel thankful that they pos- !ss in this respect such a blessing ; that icy can sleep in peace and live without apprehension of danger lurking in the air. It is true that wo have rains and slorms; that it sometimes hails, occasion aly thunders, but it is also true that chil dren half grown can bo found in every septidn of our country that have no actual knowledge of theso things, and would bo and wonder struck if called to experience them. OUlt BOOK TABLE. Tho North American Review for May opens with a very fine article concerning Mexico and our relations with that strug gling natbu. Mexico has had fourteen years of strugglo to free herself from Spanish role, and wo should sympathize with our ristcr republic in her endeavors to gain a name and foothold among other nations. 'Woman as an Inventor" is well worth reading proving also that many portions of useful things have been issued to men wlicre tho idea has first been suc cessfully worked out by women. Even euioncis is Indebted to a woman lor a dcop sea telescope. Freeman Clarko defines tho affinities of lluddism and Christianity, finding striking resemblances between the ceremonials and rituals of the Catholic Church and that of tho lluddistsl The scholar and thinker finds tho best of essays and reviews in this magazine. The Century still continues those won derful sketches of Zuni life, written by one who lived with this curious people. He identified himself entirely with them, gaining their confidence, and in that way learning of their habits and religion, for they are secretive, keeping up their old customs among themselves, being jealous of tho cyo of strangers. Tho author has sketched minutely, with his pencil as well ai his pen, all that he saw of this remnant of a once jioworful nation, who at some remote period built acquoducts and great cities, tho ruins of which are seen all over tho lower part of California. Mr. dishing has, in thus living with tho Zunis, got the only possible insight into their ways and life. "A Woman's Reason" is at tractive from its very title. Tho story of our Early Colonists is gotten up with care, and though the subject has often been treated, still it has fresh interest in tho pages of the Century. No one can do without the Century who lias once taken it. Harper's Monthly comes along as surely as tho month comes around. It fills a place needed in magazino literature and is most deservedly popular. A now novel is commenced, "A Castlo in Spain," which oiicns out in a most spirited and charming monncr. Anthony Trolloo is well described by the writer, who tries to do him justice. Lossing gives a sketch of tho .Natural Academy of design. Our country is taking long strides towards an artistic development, as shown in this article. Many other pages of excellent reading all up tho magazine. Tho modern Ago is a neat little maga zine, published in Buffalo, at $1.25 per year, and can lo had at club rales with oil the well known publications of a liter ary character. Tho reading matter is ex cellent and varied. The Antiquarian, as its title indicates, is full of all that jicrtains to tho prehis toric times of our own American Conti nent. It is edited by S, I). Poet and pul lMied at Chicago. Nearly every monthly issuo contains matter concerning tho lan guage, tho ways and habits of the Indians of Washington and Oregon. To any one who enjoys antiquarian rei-earrhes, Huh work is very intereting. There is much also of tho same matter ubout tho earliest ages of man in the Euroixsni countries. Every public or ncliool library ehould send for it to Chicago, HI, Harj'Cr'H Young Folks is an admirable work for the younger generation. Itn etorics arc inimitable and wi naturally written that oven grown up jieople read it loo. The picture and ilhii-trutions am of tho 'icst. Tho children's lcttors form an attractive feature of the book, 18, 1883. HEALIN8 WATERS OF THE FAR WEST. One fact of imiwrtanco in connection with tho Pacific Northwest region, that will weigh with invalids, is the cxistenco of mineral waters with remarkable cura tive qualities in every direction. Many years ago invalids tried with success tho mineral ipripgs in Clackamas county, near the Marion county lino, located originally by Wilhoit, and known as tho Wilhoit water. This spring is in 'i beau tiful dell close to the mountains. In sum mer time hundreds of peoplo visit this beautiful place to enjoy the scenery, breathe the beautiful mountain air and drink tlie healing waters. It has a spark ling nature, is effervescing and lins a de cidedly pleasant flavor. This ?tcr has become tin article of commerce. Enter prising Portland peoplo now own tho spring and put up the watei for shipment. It is sold genehally through Oregon and California. Those who know accord it the excellence of Seltzer, or the best Gor man springs, or of thoso at Saratoga. There is a good hotel there for accommo dation of visitors nt all seasons, but dur ing suinincr-tiine visitors from tho coun try come with teams and outfitted for camp life, s pending weeks at a timo there. Eastern Linn county has several medi cinal springs that have wonderful cura tive ofl'ectr, known as Soda and Littlo Swla. Only n fow days ago a friend was informing us of the results of himself and family. These waters are very palatable anil are beneficial to many. Lano county, a few miles south, again, has a. vutioty of mliicral..wuU3r3, Including hot sulphur spriugs, that are said to euro rheumatism and nervous diseases. Tho writer has read much in tho newspapers of Lane county, and otherwise, concerning tho different springs utilized along the foot hills of the Cascades, and several of them havo liecomc popular resorts. Thoro are half a dozen remarkablo mineral and hot springs on the cast side of tho Wil lamette valley, in its length of 125 miles. Sometime wo shall try to particularize concerning them and give tho remedial qualities of each. Enough to say that tho country seems to possess waters with cur ative effects to reach many of the com mon complaints existing in tho world. Crossing the California range, south of tho Willamette into Unipqua region, wo find ono of tho most remarkablo of theso mineral springs, close to tho railroad, at Suoivdun, in Yoncalla valley, ono of the most beautiful and romantic spots imag inable, where a good house mid compe tent physicians attend on patients who como to try the waters. South ogam, m Itoguo River valley, there are medicinal springs. Across tho Cascades, in tho Klamath country, there is a hot spring that has become a regular re sort for invalids. Wo have only named a few of the "healing waters" of Oregon, and in Western Oregon ut that, und know that there are many other mineral springs found to which public attention luus never been called. Other and similar springs are found in Western Washington Ter ritoiy, along tho Cascade range from the Columbia river toPuget Sound and to the British line. Perhaps tho most remarkablo of them sanitariums established by nature exist east of tho Cascade range, along tho base of those and the Blue and Ciuurd'Aleue Mountains. With somo of these wo havo jiersonul acquaintance. Wo used, in sum mer, twenty years ago, when riding houth from Dalles City, to bathe in the canal that (lowed to Hot Springs river from tho spring that gave tho river and section its name. This spring is fifty to sixty miles south from tho Columbia river, and re mote from ordinary travel. Vic lrovitt, lately deceased, went there and camped a dozen years ago, when suffering from rheumatic complaints brought on by un due exposure, and was radically cured in a short time. The Indians considered this hot spring us invaluable. Once, in 1805, when on the stage from Umatilla to BoKc, we bathed in a hot spring in tho Umatilla canyon. It came dripping down in a unowcr. I Ins spring U within eary reach of Walla W.illa, and is a favorite icsortof its citizens, Its cur ative projiertioi aro much viiuutul. Then' is another hot spring in Grande Itoudc valley, and, in fact, i-imilar springs are found through the Blue Mountains, or along their foot hills. This is no attempt to dohcrilio all the mineral feprings in tho Pacific Northwest. lecaui-o wo do not pietend to to know all. and only particularize such as aro noted riv-orts, while wo have knowledge of many that am not ojiew-d lo tho public. We simply wish to show that nature has doni much to favor Oregon and Washington i i tho way of health roirts. Whilo we havo a county that is exceptionally NO. 14. hcaltful and possess in some respects the most invigorating climate known, yet there are thoso who suffer from the vari ous ills that flesh la heir to, as many come hither to repair broken-down consti tutions. Perhaps tho most remarkablo of all the health dealing waters in this region are tho Medical Lakes near Siwkune Fall and Cheney, in Spokano county. Ve have several times written of theso lakes, but in summing up tho natural health ro sorts of our region it will bo cxcusablo to mention them again. There are five lakes in this vicinity, all within limit of a township, six miles square. They lie in tho ojicn country sur rounded by open groves of pine and other woods, and so aro pleasantly situated. Three of these lakes possess medical qual ities. Ono is three miles, tho others aro a, milotoamilo and a half long and half a milo wide. Tho town of Medical Lako U situated on tho shores of the one whose waters havo medium strength and is most patronized. Tho villago has good hotels, and is constantly visited by persons seek ing health. The w itsrs aro sixty to eighty foot deep, and so impregnated that several linns havo reduction works to evaporate tho water and prcsorvo tho salts, which arc put up and sent far and wide. When there last summer wo sawn man who had been at work on tho Northern Pacific, and through winter exposure was a vie tint of rheumatism. Ho had been for months under ablo treatment in tho com pany's hospitals without avail, and as a last recourse was taken to Medical Lake. Ho was carried in, helpless, when he came, and had not walked for mqnths, but after three days bathing in (ho waters, which wero heated for tho pur pose, ho was walking, about and regain ing health ns by' a miracle. People como to those lakes and camp by them, for months sometimes, effoeting hundreds' of almost miraculous cures. Wo met at Cheney with John Stoughton, an old friend, of early times in Oregon, who told of camping with his wife on Silver lake, tho largest and strongest of tho three. His wifo had long been in ill health and as a result had lost all interest in life. Three montho uso of tho waters, drinking and bathing, had restored her to health and tho fdll enjoyment of life. That waa years ago and ho now is a prosperous fanner near by. One Lefevro made tho discovery of tho efficiency of tho waters. Ho had been many years a cripple, from rheumatism, and his arm had withered from its efi'i'cls Ho was herding sheep, because unablo to do else. When wash ing tho sheep in the water (which foams as if soap was used and cleanses thoroughly), he perceived that ho felt better. This induced regular uso of tho water for bathing his useles limb, and re sulted in its perfect restoration and his radical cure. Ho lives there still, pros perous from the improved value of land on the lake. Theso facts aro stated from personal kuowledgo, but wo hear of hundreds of instances of similar cures. All skin dis eases seem to yield to these waters, as well as many nervous ailments. They are said to bo certain cum for piles. Of course there are many who cannot bo cured of chronic diseases, but Medical lako water has dono many wonders with the alllicted. To sum up tho matter, wo can say truly that no country existing has nutur ally a mora healthful climate, and nature, with most beneficent intent has caused perennial fountains to pour forth health dealing waters calculated to cure many human complaints. They are found in all parts of this region. While tho country is comparatively new in this val ley, yet the virtues of theso waters is proved Ixiyond a doubt. East of tho Mountains tho country is filling up with immigration from tho other side of tho continent, and theso healing springs aro found scattered through the wide expanse that readies from tho British lino to tho California boundary. , " Cools take to theinselvea the reaoect given to their office." Hut Kidiuy Wort cominsnda respect for ita own anlid murita, t-ated, tried and found not wanting In any emential principle required for the cure of IVHecpiia, piles, malaria, and all iliieaa s if the kidney, bowels and liver. 1'iepared in dry and liquid form. A Beautiful Machine. During the past week we called at Central Dock and were struck with the eiquitit ork that waa ahown on the oeUbrated Agi ator Threhing Michine. Theau midlines ire pointed in an extra manner by order of the firm handling them in this city. It's no ise denying It, they are beautiei. There is m one but wh'i has an eye for thu beautiful, speciipy so whn it is combined with excel- ncr. Rtaver It Walker realize this and con iq'iently have hail the AglUtnr for 1883 -'luched up In an extra manner, 'lie y uilvtr iso in ani'thrr column that they Imvh the lima Cultivator, wl.ioh has a bii nl renii ation uhrrever used. There is a number In lie in Oregon.