Willamette farmer., April 27, 1883, Image 1

VOL. XV.
forrcjj0nilcnc
Need of Co-operation,
Portland, April 23, 1883J
Editor Willamette Farmer!
In your issue of last week, under this head
idg you nflir a few timely remarks; but what
are we going to do about it ? What will the
Stat; Grange of Oregon at its coming session
do about it? What will the farmers, as a
class, do about it ? If we may be allowed to
judge of the future by the past, we can easily
predict what will be done. The average
farmer will comphin that other classes have
1 an undue advantage over him, and mentally
wish that co-operation, or some other opera-
' tion, might come to his relief and fight his
Y battles for him. Ask him to define co-opera-'1
tion, and he is not quite sure that he under-
Y stan Is it exactly, but he thinks it a kind of
4 an undefinable something that is going to
benefit people. He sighs for the benefit;
would like to hive Mr. Co-operation pass
$ around the benefit, and particularly desires
that it miy be passed within his reach as you
would a pan of doughnuts. And what will
the coming State Grange do about it? Well,
if we judge by the past, they will assemble,
have a good time socially, and the old fogies
, will monopolize the time of the session with
Impracticable schemes and theories. They
will pass a few good resolutions, recommen-
i da tion s and generalities, forgetting, or leav
1 ing out entirely the most important matters
that should engage their earnest attention. It
reminds mo, Mr. Editor, of a certain neigh
borhood I knew once, where one of the set
tlers died, and they assembled for the funeral.
It was a sad loss, and the grief was great; so
great that one good brother thought the oc-
casion demanded a little extra exe.-tion to
1 soothe the afflicted relatives. He went pre
i pared to cheer the d ooplog spirits and si fir
5 far sue eeded that they hud a nice time, a
r hilarious time., and became so ol livinus of the
object of their assembling that they dispersed
and forgot to bury the corpse. Is it not
strange. Mr. Editor. tht the pioneers of Ore
eon, who had the indomitable pluck and en
ergy to scale the Rockies, cross the deieats,
brave the darners of a six months' journey
over the trackless plains, fighting their way
through every obetacle, is it not strange that
they and their descendants of the first gener
ation should be so slow to adopt the princi
ples and measures suggested by the grange,
which hive been so universally successful in
other parts of the Union.
You well suggest that a missionary effort
should bs organized to benefit the farming
class. But who is to do it? "What is eveiy
body's budness is nobody's," and nobody
does it. Every body is waiting 'or a leader,
for somebody else to do it. and nothing is
done. It costs time, it costs effort, it costs
monev. aad who is going to make the sacri
fice ? Good intentions and good resolutions
i will not accomplish it. Yes, a missionary
effort should be orgamzen ana maintained
There are plenty of farmers readv to fall into
if tbev had a leader, but they don't under-
- stand just what is to be done. They must be
1 shown the way. The grange was organized
for the benefit of the farmers, and they must
i be shown how to avail themselves of it ad-
1 vantajes. Every gran zer should fesl that he
V himself individually has something more o
do than merely to Bit down and wait for the
' doughnuts to piss. Somebody must fu nish
the material and nuke the doughnuts before
they can pass. The question is, who will do
' it ? It is not the business of any single indi
vidual to bear this burden alonj. All should
share it and beir a part, the. vould some
thing be accomplished. Some oue has said.
"The gods help those who help tlw nselves.
When farmers and grangers tike ho d wi'h a
will to help themselves and work t ut their
own salvation, then, ard not till thin, will
.Ithey be benefited. They must be alucnted
tup to a better understanding of their necewi
f ties. This can be done by taking and reading
the best cringe periodicals, and learning how
fathers do it, and the success attending such
efforts. The State Grange should organize a
"lecture bureau, and provide fnn Is to maintain
St. The-y did, last year, elect an able lee
yturer, but did they mke aiy provision for his
xpenses, ro sav noining eeuuun cumpeuaie-ioii
for his time ? Can you leave your business,
sor I or any other granger the farm, and go
font and engage in such missionary work,
peglect our private business, give our time
and pay our own expenses ? It is preposter
ous to expect it. The Stat Grange oight to
'fee the folly that they mad no provision
whatever for such expenses. Will they do so
gain this year ? I suppose, Mr. Edit r, you
Will attend and be taking notes. As for my
el', well, posibly I may attend once more,
but what is the use? What can a Uy member
do who has no voice in the proceedings ? The
octal feature is very pleasant and enjoyable,
bat oh spare me the infliction of impracticable
old fogies; it mak'S me feel that I ought to
be at home in the potato patch.
'Yours truly, A GRANnER.
1 letter from Mohawk.
Mohawk, Or., April 21, 1S53
Kdit r Willamette Farmer :
'Agricultural writers, nurserymen
ard
others advise the fall s-tting of trees, aid
claim that even winter it a b tter time than
My experience would inlicate tie
iprui t'
. i r.. tn 1 trua. I set nlum trees before '
" the freeze, just after the thaw and when the '
trees were just beginning to bloom. To-day,
many of those set before the freeze are dead,
those set immediately aft r the thaw are two
weeks behind other trees in growth of leaf,
while those set last never wilted, and are now
as far advanc d and look to be as healthy and
vigorous as trees that have not been dis
turbed. In confirmation of this fact I have
often succeeded best with cuttings I wished
to root by taking them in April when in full
leaf. Does this experience agree or conflict
with others ?
Last summer one of my strawberry beds
was badly overrnn with weeds, and millions of
weed seeds were produced. I meant to plow
up the bed and plant in some crop which could
be cultivated with a horse close to the hills,
so as to kill as many wee Is as possible with
the least hand work. But the freeze killed
the greater portion of the new bd, and left
the plants in the old bed in good condition,
the fallen weeds acting as a mulch and pro
tecting them. To plow up the old bed now
would deprive us of our strawberries and
cream for this year. To plow between the
rows would cover up millions of seod ready to
grow at every chance, and every cultivation
would give them that chance. Under tint
system the harries would coBt more than they
could be bought for. I resolved to try an ex
periment, ine bed was entirely covered with
bright straw to the depth of two or three
inches, and the straw burned. Thonsands of
the young weeds had started, and I presume
most of the seed was still on top of the
ground, so that both weeds and seeds were
killed. Ine crowns of the strawberries were
not hurt, and are now looking well.
Last fall I tried mulching half a'i acre of
orchard and small fruit, and am so well satis
fied with the results that I shall mulch more
largely in the future. But there is danger
that it may be carried too far, as a heavy
mulch left on the ground during the summer
would induce the roots and line rootlets of
trees and shrubs to come near the surface of
the ground. Then if ths land be afterwards
cultivated these roots would be destroyed and
the trees injured; and if the material used is
not well rotted, myriads of weeds will annaar.
making the cost of extermination greater than
the benefit derived. And again, if the mulch
be applied so as to induce a vigorous growth of
limb late in the fall, and thus prevent the
ripening of wood, the benefit would be short
lived, for the trees would be likely to winter
kill. Used with judgment, however, I believe
the mulch beneficial.
One of my neighbors, who is interested in
fruit culture, has just returned from a visit to
California. While there he took notes of fruit
culture. He says that in many places there
they are digging up apple trees on account of
insect enemies; also mai cne cociun mom
threatens the destruction of the pear trad 9.
He says there, as well as here, fruit trees are
killed in the manner whioh all orchardists
hive probably noticed, the bark on the south
side of the tree becoming dead, peeling off,
and in a year or two hopes of aaaiug the tree
are blighted bv its death. I had supposed the
injury resulted from the early warm spring
days and freezing nights, but as the same
thing occurs in California, where they have
no freezing, it must be caused by something
else, and is there attributed to the hot sum
mer days. Their method of protection is to
set a board on the south side of the tree to
shade the trunk as far up as the lower limbs.
We are trying that method.
J. S. Churchill.
Wheat that Stood the Freeze Ont.
McMixvillk. Or., April 18, 1883.
E litor Willamette Farmer:
In your issue of April 13th you ask for
particulars in regard to wheat that stood the
winter unharmed. My place is on the foot
hills, four miles west of MjMinnville, and
have noted carefully the conditions that might
havj been the cause of portions of our wheat
not freezing out. I will first give the situ
ation of my own place : I had no summer
fallow. I pi wed and sowed ten acres on the
15th of Octohr, ten acres more in the same
field on the first of November, all of which
was the second crop on that land I then
brake anil sowed a piece adjoining the above
still later, the whole being on the side of a
hill with a southern aspect, and a declivity ot
! o it thirty degree'. All of the above was
sown with on kin 1 of common white win
ter wheat. Now for the resu t : The first
that was towed I had to reseed; it wis nearly
all killed out. The second sowing is quite a
fair stand, and the last son is all right, not
ha'rmed in the least; is thick on the ground,
and stands about eight inches high. Now
the question is, was it the new land or late
sowing that enabled it to stand the freez
ing ? I incline to the opinion that it was the
latter, from the fact that my neighbors here,
as well as in the valley, have a fair stand on
late sowing. However, regardless of this
showing, we may as well sow early as here
totore, as we may not have another such a
winter in the next twenty years.
K. S. Cook
How to Cultivate Cabbage
Salem, Or., April 19, 15S3.
! itor Wi lamttte Farmer:
What varieties ihH we raise? We should
decide tills nnestion the same as we decide
eve y question of this kind. If we want any.
'hing for our owu or others' use, we waut that
Which will be.t answer the purpose for which
we laise it. 1 he e are many vaneues m cii-
.. . I
bae, aud no doubt each has its own merit I
PORTLAND, OREGON,
For an early cabbage we generally want one
t'nt will comet) maturity as quickly as possi
ble, that makes a solid head, and one that is
sweetand juicy. If one is raising them for the
market then earliness rather than siz-3 is
wanted. Anything will sell if it is the first in
the market, when a few days later it could not
oesoiuior any price. Alter gr iwin different
varieties of ca'i'-age f ir several years I have
sel cted the Early Jer ey Wakefield as being
one of the earliest and the best. The head is
yerysnbd almost as solid ssa turnip and it
is of very fine flavor, swe tand juicy all that
any one could desire for an early cabbage. In
18S1 I raised one that weighed eleven pounds
after all the outer limbs were trimmed off.
The Early York is an old variety that every
body is acquainted with. It n akes a small
and very loose head, not much more than a
bunch of leaves. The market gardener may
get them a a.eek earlier than the Wakefield,
hut when the latter comes into market the
Early York can not be sold for one half what
the Wakefield will bring. For a cummer cab
bage, a good sired solidcabbage, and one that
will stand the hot weather and keep for some
time w mnut our-iing, is very desirable; such
a cabbage is the Henderson's E rly Summer;
and further, it has but few outer leaves, so it
can bo gtown nearly as close together as the
early varieties. Even for a fall cabbage this
variety is as profitable as any I have grown,
for if they are not quite as large as some others,
more cm be grown on an acre, and they are
alwavs solid, and every plant is sure to make
a good head. For fa'l and winter cabbage the
Drumhead is as good as any. It makes a very
large head and quite solid, but not so compact
as the early or summer cabbage, and thev re
quire much more room in which to grow than
the earlier kinds.
The time to set the different varieties that
they may produce the best results is for the
Early any time in March or April; for the
Summer, in April, Mayor June; and for the
L,ate, in June, July, or first week in August.
Dexter Field.
An Explanation of the Wiltshire Wheat.
Brooks, Or , April 21, 1883.
Editor Willamette Farmer :
The Wiltshire wheat had no advantage in
late sowing over the white wheat, in any re
spect, Thrf Wiltshire wheat was sowed the
same day that the last of the white wheat was,
with the same seeder and harrowed with the
same harrow. The whole field was summer
fallowed and in fine condition when seeded.
The soil being a loose silt. In sowing t' e
Wiltshire wheat there was not seed enough to
finish the last throw across the field, and
where it gave out we commenced sowing the
white whi at again to finish up the field. Now,
fie white was killed right up to the line ci
the Wiltshire wheat, marking the offst t the
full width of the seeder where the Wiltshire
wheat run out, as plainly as could be done
with the hand. And in a field adjoining mine
on the south, on the farm of Mr. O Beers,
white wheat was sown some two weeks later
than tho Wiltshire, on the same quality of
land, it being summer-fallowed the same as
my field, and his wheat was all killed too.
I know of several fields of white wheat that
was seeded from two to three and even four
weeks later than the Wilshire wheat on stub
ble that was all kdled. I might add that I
know of one field of white wheat that was not
killed by the freeau, but it was not mp when
the cold snap came, and even it shows that it
was badly damaged and will not make at best
more than half a crop. There was a large
amount of land seeded in this neighborhood
with Foisey wheat, both on stubble and on
summer fallow it was all killed, not so much
as a green spear was left in many rases. In
conclusion I wish to say that I think the
Wiltshire wheat bas been fairly and suffi
ciently tested to prove its endurance as a
winter wheat in this climate. I would not
hesitate to row it myself and I teel confident
that I could recommend it to others with per
fect safety. It is early ripening; is one of the
best qualities. This would be particularly so
in the hid country, where the grain is slow of
growth and late in maturing. Bv sowing a
fair portion of the crop in this kind of wheat
the harvest would not all come in at once, and
this, ss every farmer knows, is a great advan
tage, and he would have a much better chance
to secure the whole crop before the early rain
in the fall, that spoils more or less grain every
year. My brother in Missouri writes me that
ho raises from S3 to 3D bushels of this wheit
per acre. Last year his wheat averaged 8
bushels per acre. Its qualities fur making
flour I have not tested, but it has the weight
and that is one of the main things to take into
consideration. S. T. Nortiicott.
Deep Flowing.
Moiiawk, Lane Co., Or., April 20, 1883.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
Most farmers in this neighborhood are ad
vocates of deep plowing and I have usually
followed that system, but my faith has been
shaken. One inconvenience of that method
has been shown the last winter, All wild oats
near the surface sprouted before the cold
weather and were killed by the freeze. Those
that were beneath the act on of the frost have
now sprouted and the mellow surface acts as
a mulch insuring a healthy and vigorous
growth. Deep plowing insures the impossi
bility of killiog all weed seeds by lurmr.er
falluwiiig one, two or even tluee years. I
plowed a piece of ground that had been
thrown opeu to pasture fur three years, and 1
never had a better crop of wild oats and
It . . .1 , .. .. !...,
.-.. n..lHN..u.,,..uuiUKU
que.tion. One iUm in my own expenei.ee ,
- . a
FRIDAY, APRIL
would ten! to the bilief in shallow plowing.
A small patch of stony ground lies in the
middle of a field which must, of course, be
plowed shallow, and in this patch I have never
detce'ed a lesser yield. Indeed it often out
yields the balance o the field, for the charac
ter oi me jauu permits cnorougn drainage,
consequently it never bakes or pack", nor
does the grain drown out. But while this ex
perience teaches that it is not neccssry at all
times to plow deep, it also teaches the great
desirability and perhaps necessity of unrier
drainage. To attempt to raise a crop on a
heavy clay soil without either under draining
or deep plowing would bofollv. It an imnle-
meut c uld be devised and put in operation
that would stir the soil to the required depth,
without burying the surface soil, it would
prove a 1 oon to the farmer and work a revo
lution in the manner of nnttimr in cram The
only real benefit derived from deep plowing is
in providing an underground outlet for the
water, which being drawn from the surface
before the winds and sun have time to cause
evaporation, leave the surface loose and
pliable In this condition it is permeated in
eveiy direction with what is similar to the
pores in leaves and plants, in which circulates
moisture from below and air from above.
Moisture is a natural and inherent accom
paniment to all the earth's surface, and i
alw a s to present, unless preyented by un
natural and artificial conditions. If a few
inches of the surface soil are kept thoroughly
pulverized, the lower soil will respond to
every requirement so lar as moisture is con
c rued. The tendency of nature in the
growth of trees and plants is to provide a
loose surface by covering the ground annually
with leaves, limbs, etc.. while the lower soil
is left undisturbed. Our best orchardists say
that in planting trees the soil can not be
rammed or pounded too hard about the roots.
The roots of wheat, corn, sorghum, etc., are
Known to extend to a depth of two or three
feet The requirements then for the success
ful cultivation of our grain, seems to be free
dom from standing water and a thoroughly
pulveriz d; surface soil. Many progressive
farmers think these requisites can be obtained
at a less cost than by deep plowing. Wo
reap but a single time for each sowing, but
we bury our weed seed f.r future use. Then
at every subsequent plowing some are brought
to the surface to sprout and grow. Most
seeds if kept dry will lose their vitality in a
few ears, but if kept moist cool and secluded
from light and air will retain their vitality for
an almost indefinite time. Witness the re
port of grains of wheat growing after being
taken from the Egyptian catacombs, the ruins
of Fumpii, the Roman battle grounds and
other instances. Under the prosent system
of plowing, farmers are practicing the "art
preservative," not only in the substance but
in reality. That this subject has other sides
to it, I doubt not. J, S. Churchill.
An Answer to Mr. Marquam.
Oak Grove, Or., April 18, 1883.
Elitor Willamette Farmer:
In your fssue of April 13th we find another
Iettr from the pen of A. B. Marquam, in re
sponse to ours of the 30th of March. We
should let the matter rest right here if Mr.
M. did not try to come the lawyer's dodge on
us by saying : "In his first letter he was in
favor of free trade, but he is now in favor of
revenue and incidental protection." You,
Mr. Hditor, and the readers of the Farmer
will all remember that we stated in the first
letter on the subject in January, that by
"free trade," we meant a tariff for revenue
only. We aro not quite so foolish as to sup
pose that our government can be run without
a revenue. Even England has no use for ab
solute free trade, but keeps up a tariff for
revenue on some- articles. "If he keeps chang
ing tils views, he will soon stand on the same
platform I do," We are not a politician and
know but very little of "platforms," but be
lieve it to be something that politicians are
apt to slide off of after being elected. Mr. M
sa) s further, "In some respects we have de
parted from tint standard, wherever it does
we should amend it and by so doing we shall
secure stability and prosperity," 1'iociiely
so, that's all wo ever asked. If Coiigrtia
w.iuld relieve tho "duty" to a great extent on
iron and steel, sugars, talt, cotton and woolon
goods, tinware, etc., we should indeed secure
"stability and prosperity." But what are. the
tacts in the case? A Republican Congress has
not only ignored the producing and laboring
classes, its own appointed committee aud their
recommendation, but also the rtcommeiida
tiun of tho President, to lower the tarill on
articles that go into consumption of the com
mon people Many persons who have for the
last tweuty-two years freely and willingly
gien their support to principles they none.tiy
believed to be right, find at la t that they are
ignored aud tliru.t in the background by men
whom they supported; but a day of reckon.
lug is coming. Of what benefit is the relief of
stamp tax on bank (hecks, on patent mid
cines (th" u:e of which only makes the person
lantern jawed), on cigars aud tobacco ? The
latter article is at mosi only a luxury. Cm a
person honestly support men of tuch princi
ples? In a former article Mr. M, quoted a
portion of President Buchanan's meinute,
which we entirely ignored, for the simple rea
sou that the statistics of our comiutrce and
nroineritv are from ll.'i.r. to 1MI1. entirely un
I reliable. When "Helper's Impending Ciisis"
I was being read on oue tide aud on the other
side, the "divine right of slavery" was
i preached Irom the pulpits, does any man
tinnk that opital would seek investment?
Every capitalist saw cl arly enough that the
storm was coining anl quit investing In ships,
as well as in anything else not absolutely
87. 1883.
necessary. We are one of those who believe
that the dread and prospect of war and dur
ing the war, of the fitting out in England of
those privateers, and the heavy protective
tariff during and since the war has virtually
killed out our merchant marine. And if Mr.
M.'s array of figures prove anything, they
prove t"ie same to u. substantially. But hy
are American capitalists prohibited from buy
ing vessels in the markets of tho world? That
law must have been copied from a statute of
K'ng John's time, and we seem to be like the
"Medes and Persian," whose "laws change
not." We entirely agree with Mr. M. when
he says, "If we go on ten years longer in the
way we have been going for twenty-five years
past, the American flag will fade ficm the
ocean; yes, and he might have added, it will
hesin to fade on land, too. Politicians may
try to keep the tariff question from the peo
ple, but they will find themselves "coming up
missing." The agricultural class and the
laborer does not desire to be taxed any longer
lor the exclusive benefit of a few manufac
turers and monopolists. Even Turkey is not
worse misgoverned th n our beloved United
States, and about the only reason wo get
along as well as we do, is the free virgin soil,
with American energy. But the free virgin
soil will not last forever, and what then ? It
acts as an escape pipe to-day. but what is to
pay when the valve is being Bhut down 7
Very respectfully, UEO. W. KILKH.3.
Note. This controversy may as well con
clude, as it Is not productive of any new facts.
Both ot these gentlemen are able writers and
we would bo pleased to her from them on
some of their agricultural
F.niTOR.
experiences.
QUESTIONS ASKED AND ANSWERED.
Information Wanted.
Eacilk Creek, Or., April 16, 1883.
Editor Willamette Farmer:
Can you inform me through your paper
where and at what price the Angora or reru
far wool goat can be had, either in small lots
or in hands, say ol from fifty to two hundred?
and oblige A sdrschiber.
Who has Angor goats for sale ?
VILLARD VISITS FUQET SOUND.
Mr, Villard and party made a tour of th
Sound on the 20th lost., and while there he
spoke to the citizens freely of his intentions.
A dispatch of the 20th of April: Alpha Opera
House, Tacoma, was packed to see and hear
Henry Villard.
AJ. TACOMA,
Tle Chairman of the Citizens' Com
mittee announced that Mr. Villard had been
requested to anBwer as to the building by his
company of a depot, hotel and elevator in
Tacoma. Mr Villard was then introduced,
and spoke over an hour as to the progress of
the city since his first visit here some months
Bgo, and the rapid growth of the whole
Northwest. The Transcontinental road would
bo sufficiently completed, he believed, by the
first of August, to be traveled ovor, ond he
would assure us of its completion by the last
of August. Ifo dwelt upon the hostilities
of parties which had financially embarrassed
them but the doubt was now passed. The
needs of tho city of Taeoma to make it pros
perous wouhl not bo withheld The depot
and hotel were necessities which wojld bo
supplied. As to the constructioi. ."! elevators
hi had formed a si. stem, but so used were our
farmers to sacking grain that the system was
to be moelifieeT, and while they were being
educated to its use, facilities for shipping
grain would bo at once supplied.
Mr. Viliarel offered then to answer any
o- her questions, when Mr Burns inquired as
to the probability ol building tue cascade
branch.
Mr. Villard said a go;d pass had been
found late last Oetoln'r, anil yet a better ono
lately, but the delay was dun to the great
desideratum, which was to finish the main
line. Had the company been hampereil the
past vear by a contract to grade and build the
Cascade read, the result mut havo been at
'tended with great difficulty and embarrass
ment. Mr. Villard was frequently applaueleil
during his speech, which gave hearty satisfac
tion to all.
fUCATTUc'ii IlHAS'sVII UOAH.
Henry Villard, President of tho Northern
Pacific Kadroail Company, and the party ao
companying him, arrived in this city last
evening, to wnich they responded in a cordial
manner. Mr Villanl to day visited the Ter
ritorial University hcie, of which he is a sub
stantial benefactor, and de-clured Irs intention
to continue Ids assistance to that institution.
He drove over the town and back to the
lakes, and asaerted that at no other place on
the Pacific coast with which he was acquainted
hail there been such rapid growth since his
previous visit in October, 1 b4 1. At a meet
ing of leading citi.ens to-dsy, Mr- Villard ac
cepted for the corporations represented by
him the sum of one hundred and fifty thou
sand dollars from the people, as an induce
ineut to build a linuof railroad into the Cedar
ami (jreen river valley, fnnu fifteen to thirty
miles long tapping a region rich Hi coal, tun
her and iron lamls. Ho ttatwl that he would
come again with tho first train from Now
York over tho completed line of the Northern
Pacific, in Siptenibir next, when Ins expects
to ride iu his own car into this c.tv.
Answer nils.
Can you find a ease ol liiUht's Disease of
the Kid ej'a Diab ts, l?il..rvoi Liver Com
plain s that is cu aoii-, mai imp tin era nan
not or cannot cure;
they can.
Ask your neighbors if
NO. 11
TELEGRAPHIC NEWS.
One hundred and fifty excursionists are en
route to Oregon. This is the first of the
season.
A National Bank has been organiz d at
Lewiston, 1. T. The in orporators are John
uruaney, . a iveiieni ncK, J. ttinu, a,
Squier, G. Q Moxley, N. W. Brearley and
D. D. Bunnell; capital, $30,000
A cyclone near Wesson, Miss , killed 25
people and wounded hundreds, and destroyed
much valuable property. Forests and houses
were literally blown out of existence.
A circus company gave a "snide" perform
ance at Wilmington, Del., and a mob shot
and seriously wounded two of the company.
Pension Commissioner Dudley has issued a
circular directing special pension examiners to
give public notice tiiat they are not authorized
to collect money for fees or expenses from
pensioners or applicants for pensions. Alto,
all special examiners are provided with cer
tificates, signed by the Cemmissiouer of Pen
sions and the Secretary of the Interior, and
bearing the seal of the Iuterior Department
Without suck certificates all persons claiming
1 1 be pension examiners are frauds.
From tho port ot San Francisoo there were
expoited, the last month of the year, 40,803
bushels of barley, valued at $.'10,71)2, and
1,819,3 0 bushels of wheat, valued at $2,177,'
455 The value of exports of wheat from
New York for March was 85,322,270. For
nine mouths ending March 31st, the value of
exports of breadstufls from San Francisco was
$2,703, 129 more than the value of similar ex
ports from any other city in the United
btates, except New York, which leads with a
value oi $68,103,991.
The- emperor and empress will reach Mot
cow on the Slat of May, for the coronation on
the 27th. The festivities include eight grand
balls, and will bo, prolonged until the 8th of
June. State entry will be made into St.
Petersburg on the 10th of that mouth.
Barnam's Jumho was to havo tried the East
bridge on April 23d.
President Arthur has returned home from
his Southern trip, halo and hearty, and re
pot ts having a good time.
Kansas has had a cyclone.
The entire crew of the schooner Two
Brothers was drowned off the California
coast. Cargo total loss. The vessol lays bot
tom up. at llodege bay. Loss, $ t,000; insur
ance, $1,000.
During tho week ending April 21, 1883,
2,15(1 amigrnntB arrivod in San Francisco from
the East. Most of them came on to O, egon
and Washington Territory.
Die Union Pacifio railroad is blockaded by
snow.
Fifty C dorado miners passed thr'iuglf San
Francisco on April 221 bound for Alaska.
Tho Creo Indians of British Columbia are
stealing xtock from settlers in Montana.
Troops pursued ami overtook them at White
norse lake, ah engagement, in wuicn one
Indian was killed, washad. Summer tiuarters
have been established and tho Crces will
be treated as hostile, should they come Ol er.
again.
Wo notice tliruu Oregon horses in a race
which started at tho Oakland Park Premium,
Howell and Jack Douglass Thorn were five
started and Douglass won with Howell and
Premium a second and third.
A Washington dipatoh says: The Commis
sioner of Indian Allans reports that recent
troubles have occurred butweeii Indians and
white settlers in tho viciuity of the Columbia
rivir. The qnirrel was occasioned by the
scattering of poisoned meat near a camp, of
(Indians on tho river by one of tho white set
tlers, and tht Indians complain that when the
grass grew about the meat their horses might
eat of it and lie poisoned. Tho agent says
the Iuiliacs ought to be taken to tho reserva
tion as it is becoming dillicult for them to
tiuil aubsisteuco where they U'u in camn, As
long as the-y remain there tioublis, greater or
less, are constantly arising.
The second trial of tho Biiit of John Lilly
ugaiiist the Now York Central and Hudson
Hiver llailroad Coaipany, fur the loss of his
leg, ritiulted in a verdict for plaintiff for
$25,000.
The interriational polar ermmlssiouof St,
Petersburg, Hussia, announces tiiat owing to
the decision of American and nth r (iuvern
mentis not to prolong ohiervaii'oji at the dif
ferent sta'inns, all exp'ditions, excepting
thsu leu-bound, will return next .September.
New York will maku largo preparations for
cokbratine Decoration Day. HoscovCunkUng
is uhoscu orator.
Eight t hulls uid coil miners of Pittsburg are
going to strike, A reduction o( one-half a
cent. The wages are throe cents at reaout,
Win. II. Dcin, of St. Paul, and Iaao
Brandt, of Des Moiiibh, ooinuilasloners to in
spect the Northern Pacific, tell Omaha April
21th, for Portland, Oregon, to inspect tho
west end of the road,
St. Julian and a number of fast horses aru
UO'lu Eeatlil charge of O O. llickock. St,
Julian is in good form and is to appear in Fleet
wood r.rk, H- .
Sin Kiaucisco advicis announce the appoar-
anco lit Salinas and Santa Clara villeys, and
Alameda county, of a now grain bug Sev
eial samples were shown to-day at iho pro-
luce exchange It is ilescniied in appearance
as like a diminutive lly blow, and on pulling
un a hamlful of grain the ear.h la found full
it them, I hey are said to naivli out very
rapidly. This new plauuu Is under investiga
tion at the academy ol sciences,
hau Piaiiciaco has been without gas for
several weeks and a proposition is niailo by a
o inpaiiy to light the main part ot C'alifon la
for SJ.V.00 a year by 210 lamps.
Coiitaiiiin ' all the eaxeutials ot a iue tonic.
and sure tu give satisfaction, is llruwu's Iron
inner.
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