i-.uca etery Week I15 tlie
Wll.l.tm.iTK ft KM Ml I'l 1.1.1-tlllNs. CO.
TBRMS OK HUlJlUWI'TIO.
One , enr, (P-nUko paid). In advance 'f
61 x noiths, (I'ost-iee aiil, In advance-.
Less than U months 111 le, per month
AllVKIWISISa ItATEH :
AivertiscmenUnIll bo Inserted, profiling tn are
reins ;tMe, t the follow Ing Uble of rates :
One Inch ol space per month f S
Chrse Inches ol space per month J-VJj
Jo ..halt column per month '"-J"
Jo column per month suuu
FtLSaniptc copies sent tree on application.
Publication Office: No. 6 Washington Street. Up
lairs, rooms No. 5 and fit
i-i m,iin:ir a wii.xk .' -
'niclolloln(f are authorized to receipt for subscrip
tions to this pap r t Vt lure e have no at-cnts re
mltunccs Jl fcbT bo made, (expenses lultl), to us liy
Itiislitertd Letter, or .Xlone Orders, or Express.
ALU PAPKItS IIISCONTINt hi) AT TIIK KXI'IKA
HON OK TIIK TIMi: PAID Hill.
i.t... It r. SlmmonlLehanon ." HinlUl
Aurora ..Oco Miller
I Uw is illc. I IC'McTiinmoiKls
Brownsville.. . .W ll Kirk
ButtcHle..Johnliatchellir
Butte Creek .K Skeriln
Brooks W II Harris
Looking O lass.. M uocnran
Mncoln ... L Abrams
Ufa ctte J XV .Strange
Mlnnvillc J McPhilllps
Be evlle Jell nans
Mi-Cov . ...o miliums
Craf(irilille..llcbt Mass
Ml Pleasant K S Thaler
Oattue fir .J 1 1 rtlioriniuri
rrLiLllli Meier Harris
.Marl.. .!( II lluthcrford
it..!..... I. .I H (Tluirrhill
Chalnlioir
)amascus
. A Jtlic
Monmouth W Waterhouse
P. IVirlies
v..v..lnl.nl nU kflnnlnirton
Da ton
Unins
Will
Dufur
EoU
Elkton
I' II lloil.u.l
Powell Valley TK Williams
.... . .. I . U flUHan,
Hon JO Drain Pilot Itock
J ti Smith IMiiIleton Lot I.iicrmore
r. uiiiiimii
A J Dufur, Jr Perrjdale J W McOrew
, Thomis pearceil'liauuntllill.OWHandsakcr
A ll Hilncs Riverside I! K Knonlcs
Eugene
lln. I 11 Mrf-liuiir llnsiliiirir S K lUxmond
t.11....al.nr. Illlll M llilpl
bvuetllome -Z II Mowi
Salem .S W Church
Forest drove .H Hughes
Vox Valley A D 0 miner
Ooslien J lUiulsakcr
n. .... A l ltiivmnml
Mat toll
Suliliintty
.A i uaruncr
Jim Downing
JH Morris
,V M Towers
. .Inlin Lmier
VRq.'.ll ' v. -.. . ,. 1
frio
Oenali M Mitchell nikw
a!ikiiiltle IS i-'Halor&.Co(Tanuit
lUrrU.M.r "on n nmiiri nuwu.
IIonThosHmiUi
Halsey .Tlluk, lV.irl&CoWillamcttcK ;",""""
K.,1..; A Jeniiinirs IVelle A A Williamson
I I1UI1 II niium '"" --
ln.lt?en.Umf W U llorfirini Weston .JZMh
.' in. it..- f..tio ll'i iJiiinr .WN nlllHIi
JfLrkSOri IIIU Jilt j uiih iiaiMH.iif, . - - -- ,
Junction.. ..' II llabor Walla Walla. - ""
1.i .1 W Itoland 7rrn . .SSOImblo
Notice to Subscribers.
Oiiiiisok WutAMrTTr Karmh, )
Kibrimry 2rt, 1S81. I
To 01 R UKAUI'KS
We publish onl) a sillll lent llllmlier of tbo Kahxkii
to supply actu il prepil I subsi riber and e cannot sup
ply buk nuinbirh.
If it is ileslreil b film rllars to u urn all Issues they
must arniiKiit0M.il I In their rinewals In ample time
to ri-acli tills "11 11 beliiro esplratlnn
SrAllsiilrib rsi.mtell by the prlnlcil kiROii'U
iiMlieir piper e ut) when tlielr tlnii' will eplre.'ft
Another l.iiporuni lnt ALL COMMUNICATIONS
AND I.r.TTKUH SllllUI.D UK A1IHKE1SKD10 TIIK
wii.i.mi;tti: i.iitMMt,"
Drawer U, l'urtiund, Oregon.
RKMhMllhll till) WlI.HMKTTK KaKWMI IB
truo fricinl 1 1 naricultural iiiterustn, anil we
propo ii' m; timtly liints on all subjects.
Bee our enrpa of nlilu contributoia.
Mr. II. V. Matthews, who visited Silein
some months t?o, is on Ills way back tlieio.
Ho has puicliuscil valuable juopcity ailjoin
S.ilein. lie is an cxiericnceil agriculturist
anil will lie an accjiiiaitioii to our Stato.
Il a uriviitu note from Mr. (1. V. Hunt,
of Wliitcaker, Mai ion county, wo learn that
liis Sliropihircs nro wintering well, anil it is
witli plea'ti'ii wo statu that his lino cwo,
Daisy Kuliutli lias ilninpeil n lamb. Tliis is
probably tlm first Hluopshiro lamb ilroppcil
ill tbo State of OioRim.
Mlt. )'. II. Havmiinu has long holil tlio
position of I'listmastiT at Albany, Oregon,
anil filltiil tlm position ably anil elliciently,
anil wo Ben Im is to resiilo in S tloin for the
fiituru. II hiiil; UnoHii Mr. Kuyinoi'il since
cliillhnoil n em spoakonly of him as having
been an iinhntri u, lianl-wnrkiiig man from
boyhooil S est iitteinl l'eny in whatever
position h n.iv assume.
Sm.ii Win r em bu piirehaseil, as will P)
soet by in t cles published otvuwliere, at a
light ailv.iiicii oxer iiiotatiom. Sex'eral linns
anil parties 1I1 serve great praise, for thu energy
ilisplaeil to .isiist thu farmers of this x-alley
t get full eiops fur the ensuing j ear. Wu
niferto C'nl .1. V. Niisiinth, of Deiry, ami
Hxlein Khiiiiiiu MillCompmy, of Sib in, anil
Sibsuii, Chm 'h A. Co., of liirtluul. This is
o-ie of tlm lust .iiiti moniipoly hernions wo
txjuhl xvisli Iloxv many iiiits.miinopuJy far
ui rs woulil ih) the uamu if thuy had the
chance ?
rOIlxTJ ABOUT WHEAT.
M. lleudrii, "f Wlieatliml, who wu In
this city lust week, speaks of u llehl of white
elaxvsoii wheat oil thu faim of Mr. Maitiu, of
Yttiuhill enii'ity, that came out of the freeze
up 11s Irish an I gieeu as a meadow, when all
other w I eat plinU xvere killed down. Wo
don't read tint the rliwaoii is eonsidered the
very best wheat grown Mist, but if it stands
winters in such shape, and is merchantable,
ur people ought to undmtund nlwut its ro
liable ipialit ie. The experience of this win
tor, if well told, will bo valuable. We tell
all the points we hear ot, but ahull bo glad to
publish all statements our friends on furnish
to add to thu gentril fund of information.
Wo hear it lepeatedly asserted that the old
favorite w Into winter wheat has i-toixl the
iviutor bettif thin most varieties. Mauy
have been planting the chili club w heat, and
in ordiuar) Orofiou winters dull club does
well, but this year it seems to be very
thorom'hly cooked. Chill club is also a favor
ite wheat to ow Kst of the Mountains, as
far up as Walla Walla. This season the snow
blanket may liaxo pioteeted it and saved it,
hut it may bo considered unsafe to sow- it and
tike the chances tlit'ie or here.
Our w lute w Inter xx heat has been tested
here for almost half a century. When our
friends have reported experiments in growing
wlieits for tiial of the yield and other ip.iali.
ties, we notice that xxlnto winter falls very
little, if any, liehiud any other, and averages
with the best. When the Hudson Hay Com
iaiiy 1,'anted to haxe wheat grown hire this
awed was imported for that purpose and it
evidently came from s me cold northern
country. It answered admirably and after
almost or quite half a century stands well as
ss well as when it was brought here. There
aro better wheit grown. We should like
n know the actual history of this what and
know its true name amonif wheits. The his
tory we eive is interesting but is Incomplete
snd we invite particulars from whoever can
give them.
We farmed a little from 1853 to 1859 and
it was a maxim in th"se early days among
wheat growers that it was safe to sow white
winter wheat up to the tenth of March. We
sowrtl it always in March and never failed of
a fair yield. A good farmer tells us that
those who'can sow white winter wheit for a
week to come will be apt to get a good iM.
Another point on wheat just now 13 tbi :
Wheat that was drilled in well stands much
better now than wheat that was sown broad
cast. Our readers will credit us with having
claimed for a year or so back that experience
of wheat growing has shown that wheat
drilled in two inches deep will stand 6rm in
the ground after frosts thaw out wheat sown
broadcast. It is generally asserted to bo true
of this winter.
Capt Ankeny has a farm of 4,000 acrts on
the Santiam bottom, near tho mouth, mostly
in black loam, but lying portly under tho
hlulT hills. All his wheat on black loam is in
fair order, but the red hill points are badly
injured. The common testimony is that land
in the red hills was spewed up fearfully and
the wheat is often entirely dead. Ex-cry.
where on black land it comes off better.
Now, we are ready for all to relate their
experienco and swell the popular knowledge
of wheat culture and the staying qualities of
different kinds of wheat.
A gentleman who farms near Woodburn in
forms us that his wheat and that of his neigh
bors is sprouting finely and tho expect a good
crop. Much of tho wheat in this valley will
make a crop and many think that the thin
ning out it has had will do little harm.
The samo gentleman says that Mr. M. C.
Dimick, in the foothills of tho Cascades, quite
into tho mountain, has faithfully attempted
to raise an orchard and has failed. It seems
that fruit will not do well that far in the
range'.
I). W. liurniide, of the Imperial Mills,
Oregon City, bought 20,000 bushels of spring
xvheat grown by Messrs, Kyte and Frizzcl,
good farmers of Yamhill. Thoy sowed chill
club in the fall bnd know it is all spring
wheat and fit for seed. The Imperial mills
need tho wheat to criod flour to load a vessel
and if they cannot replace it cannot sell it for
seed but must grind it.
PRESENT PROSPECTS COMPARED WITH
PAST EXPERIENCE.
A very rcmarkablo change has como over
tho prospects of this Northwest region within
a brief period. It Is only lately that stock
buyers havo come from the K st to purchase
oittlo and sheep, and even horses, to drive
Kast. lieforo that cattle were abundant and
chosp on tho wide interior ranges, and even
in this valley thcio was not sufuciont profit
in raising meat to justify the enterprisj of
many who attempted it. Wool was, of course,
profitable, but tho fleeco was generally worth
more than the carcass of a fat wethir. Tho
staples of the country wero wheat and wool.
Cattle wero profitable, well h milled, as they
actually cost nothing on the ranges, but there
was not inducement for stock men to provide
sufficient feed, and occasional xvinters swept
off tho herds and left bleaching hones to tell
of what had been, In thoio days larse flocks
of sheep sold for a dollar a head in the fail,
and bands of cattle went fur ten dollars a
hoad. Stock 1111 11 drove off a hundred thous
and head of cattle in a single, season, five
years ago.
Trices advanced rapidly as soon as our
people got wind of tho markets, and now are
high enough to justify the best of oare for all
stock. Thu old story of xvheat after wheat,
year after year, is gone by forever. There are
more resources to A farmer's life than very
lately was tho case. Wheat does for a stand
liv, but is not thu only resource the farmer
has, Tho prudent mm, with a little cash in
hand, can locate almost anywhere in tho Up
per Country, and by taking c.iro of a little
good stock and farming in a judicious man
ner can xvork his way up to independence.
Wherever a man can locatu these advantages
wait lur Illlll. tuuiuuab ikiuuiu ii-cum.) llnaA
an almost certainty of soon being drawn into
tho vortex of busy lifo by the construction of
railroads. These develop the regions they ap
proach in a wonderful maimer. Towns spring
up and trade demands all the farmer can
pioduco. Clo where he may, stock can bo
raised and independence come as a conse
quence. Thu wonderfully prolific soil re
sponds xvith harvests whenever good cultiva
tion invites them. There is out range that
helps the tiew coiner iu keeping stock. The
tons of thousands who have found homes in
the regions east of the Cascades proclaim it
as tho best poor man's country 011 the con
tinent. It is not a paradise where eternal
summer smiles, but a .season where winter's
cold and summer's heats prevail, though not
0 severe nor for so long a time as iu the same
latitude farther Kast. Yet, with all the draw
backs that can be charged against it, the
country east of the Cascades really is a good
poor man's country -the best know 11,
That region is emerging from the present
wiuter with a prospect for the greatest har
vest that was ever gathered there. For weeks,
during actually severe wiuter weather, tho
earth was w rapped iu a mantle of snow that
protected the wheat, and now it gives
promise of uuexampled yield, One good bar
vest there will rill the land with plenty and
create millions of wealth. This promise to
be the crowniug year of pleuty for the wheat
growers of Kaateru Oregou and Washington.
Until very lately wheat sold, all through
the regions east ot the Cascades, for leis than
SO cents a bushel, even as low as X cents and
40 cuU was a fair pric, The advent of Vil
lard's enterprises raised the price to 50 ceuta,
WILLAMETTE FARMER: PORTLAND, OREGON, MARCH
and tne fanners of Walla Walla thought they
had fortune at their doors. Wheat is now
worth nearly or quite a dollar, owing to the
great home demand, and when the immense
promise of the present seasoa shall be realiz-d
there is no reason why farmirs should not get
75 cents a bushel. The chatge in the country
can be imagined when stock of all kinds com
mands double its former valie, and when the
products of the soil find ready market at such
an enhanced price. The reader can also
imagine the prosperity that awaits a country
where people cjuld live and thrix-e at farming
under former conditions. They always
claimed that with foity bnskels of wheit to
the acre they could make as much at 50 cen's
a bushel as the farmers of the Willamette
could at a dollar. It is certair. that all reason
able expectations should be realized there the
coining harvest.
SEED WHEAT I
The action of the Board of Trade we publish
elsewhere, and as yet the committee have not
acted, but Messrs. Sibson, Church k Co. in
form us they have acted on their own account
to ascertain what 'an can be done, and will
give farmers the benefit of whatever can be
1 ne without charge or comm.ssion. T ey
telegraphed EvcrdingiV Co., at San Francisco,
and received an answer that California only
raised spring wheat, and good seed grain was
abundant at 82. 7 i per cental. This was rather
higher than Sibson, Church k Co. expected,
and they have sent to another house. The
best quality of seed wheat in Sin Francisco
may be calculated at $1.25 pT bushel, and the
expenses, including insurance and waste in
handling, will be 8c, so good seed wheat from
California can be laid down here at 51.33 per
bushel at the outside. If it can be done any
cheaper, farmers can depend they will get the
benefit of the difference. Sibson, Church &
Co. inform us the best way will be for farmers
who need grain for seed to make up cluhs,and
order through their local merchants. The
cheap freight rates are for carload lots, and
not for ictail business, Wo have taken pains
to get at the matter as plainly ?s possible, so
as to send out word without delay,
and this information is furnished just as we
go to press. The correspondence by telegraph
has just taken place. Farmers had best get
together without delay, make up tho amount
of seed wheat needed, and signify the kind
they wish seit. As to that point Chili club
will be most reliable, as much of it is grown.
Of course they do not wish mixed wheat.
Kverding & Co. telegreph that there will bo
no trouble in procuring good seed at the
price n imcd. By the time farmers get their
estimates made they cm ascertain through
their local merchants all tho points they wish
to understand. A telegram sout to San Fran
cisco as an order, can be filled immediately,
and steamer unload in three days after load
ing, so the wheat can be here, or at a man's
farm, in a week or ten days' time. No ime
should be lost in improviug this pleasant
weather. Be lively, and your spring sown
grain may yet redeem your fortunes.
SOMETHING THAT CONCERNS BENTON
COONTT.
We lately visited Salem to procure statis
tics for the year J882ty compiling the returns
made by County Assessors to the Secretary of
State. With the exception of Benton county
the returns were properly made and a sum
mary furnished that stated the facts in a clear
manner. Tho County Clerk of Benton has
forwarded a largn volume of soveral hundred
pages containing each man's property state
ment and nothing more. The pages are not
properly footed and no ccueral estimate is
made. There aro three different sums stated
as tho total tax of the county for 1882; one
by the Assessor, oni by tho lioird of Equali
zation and one by the County Clerk. It sur
prised us that the Secretary of State per
mitted such an incomplete return to be made.
Benton county pays well for doing this work
and it ought to bo done well. The County
Court should refuso to pay for it until it is
properly done. As the present Clcik has held
tho position almost twenty years, of course he
knows his daties and this negligeuce is culpa
ble. Wo had not a xveek's time to spare do
ing tho work of this official, so we use tho re
turns for 1881 iu the table wo publish to-day,
wheio we give the returns for Beuton comity
' Death of O. W. Lawson. A -
For a great many years we have known anil
boon friendly witli O. W. Ltwson, who died
lu this city last Friday, of pueuinonia, and
was buried Saturday, at his old home, Salem.
He was a promiuent man, and possessed abil
ity, lie had more ability than practicability.
He was devoted to Isms; was a spiritualist;
took x'ague vlotvs of life and of the hereafter;
w as good hearted and kindly in fueling and
never wronged any mau, but someway his
life was less a success than it ought to have
lieen. We rerret to know that he will be
here uo more, and regret that his life's work,
for want of a proper balance, was not a suc
cess. He was not happy, for many unkindly
thiugs happened to him. Hit life illustrates
to us the great failure that is certain to
come upou any of us when we try to bring the
uukuowable down to the pjor comprehension
of human intellect, as lie did. May poace,
greater than he knew on earth, rest with him
on the further ahorse. May he find there
calm for a soul that was often bruised, and
a calm that greater knowledge briny.
Split Hoofs In Hon.
Hekman, Minn., Jan. 20, 1SS3.
Editor Willamette Farmer,
1 would like to ask the question in your
columns what to do for split hoofs in horse.
I have a span of heavy Norman mares; they
have their forwanl hoofs split in the center or
toe, that in driving them on frozen ground
with a load they aomttimrs get quite lame.
An answer to the above would greatly oblige.
Wm, W, NlMACKL.
Cluster Hops Wantxt.
PlTTsliCRU, Columbia Co., Feb. llth.
IMease inform me through the columns of
vour uarwr where sets from "The Cluster
Hop"
truly,
can be obtained, and oblige you it
J oils Pkinolk,
THE WHEAT FIELDS.
Duiing the pat week we have had beauti
ful weather and some days have been balmy as
spring. Fehiuiry gave us one week that xvas
absolutely delightful, but even those balmy
days had frosty mornings to chill and keep
back any tendeney of the sorely tr.ed wheat
phut to sprout, if there was a germ left to
show life. A few days of warm rain would
call out any lifo remaining and in the absence
of it farmers are waiting impatiently to know
the condition of their fields. We have
minglul some with Marion county farmers
during the week and have never seen any
thing like the state of mind prevailing. The
opinion is gaining ground and becoming
almost universal that the wheat fields of all
Western Orccon are dead, very dead. We
see the samu report made from Jackson
county and even California wheat fields suf
fered from frost at tho same time with ours
People are coming to the conclution that they
must resow. Some are nlowine again, but
under most conditions that will prove to be a
mistake. The quickest and safest way is to
simply harrow or drill in wheat on the same
ground, as stirring deeper will bring up
only foul stuff to do injury.
Mr. Davis Shannon, of Howell Prairie, says
his wheat is killed and he has bought seed to
resow it. Mr. Bonney, of Woodburn, said
last week that wheat there was growing, but
Mr. Settlemier said this week all the wheat
about him is killed. One of the singularities
of the times is the difference in opinion as to
the fact of wheat being dead or alive. Some
ussert they can see fine roots starting down
aid a blade thrown up from the old geim.
Some recollect that about five years ago they
plowed up wheat for winter killed that proved
to be an injury, as their neighbor's fields grew
ind made a better crop from the old planting
than theirs did from the new. We cannot
learn that so great difference prevailed be
tween the kinds of wheat and methods of
sowing it as some claim. Occasionally there
is a wheat field that shows life; we hear of
such in diffeicnt places and have in miud the
field at Aurora, between the railroad and the
mill pond, which shows green already. It is
a lamentable state of things, to see the
wheat fields that a few weeks ago were
more vigorous and promising than ever
before known, now ded and sere to
the last decree. It is a severe blow to
farmers in this valley snd west of the Cas
cades, who need a good year to help them out.
There must be 250,000 acres to be-seeded, at
a rough guess, and at the best price possible
for wheat, the seed and labor will ost $3 an
acre, while the difference in harvesting will
be one-third, or at least one-fourth, unless we
have an unusually fax-orable and growing
npnng. To place a reasonanie craniate on tno
loss to our farmers, they will be out of
picket a million and a half to two million
dollars on winter killed wheat. Hoever,
"there is no use crying for spilled milk," as
the proverb sjs; they must try again and
keep up courage. This severe lesson empha
sises the oft-repeated lessou taught in the
Willamette Fabmeb, that grass pays more
profit, is surer and less worry and annoyance
than wheat alone.
The price of seed wheatis a matterregulated
by local demand a neighbor's needs. Wo sin
cerely hope that those laimera who teach the
principles of anti-monopoly will not forget to
practice them at this time when many hopes
are blight 'd. Thoso who have seed wheat to
sell of course have a legal right to make all
they can out of the situation, and the situa
tion is the necessity of other farmers. Mr.
Davis Shannon bought spring wheat of
Fletcher, on Salem prairie, for one dollar ten
cents a bushel. Fletcher could as cosily have
got a much larger price. Ex-Senator Nesmith
had considerable spring wheat in hand, and
refuses all speculators, selling only to neigh
bors who want to sow it, and sells at a dollar
a bushel. The milling companies at Salem
exchange spring wheat even for good winter
wheat, charging only a fee for storage; at
Oregon City the mills even with those who
agree to give them the prefertnee in selling
uext fall. It is pleasant to state instances of
of unselfishness in such an emergency. The
Portland Board of Trade met Wednesday
afternoon to respond to a memorial that we
publish elsewhere, from merchants and others
at Albany, urging the necessity of importing
eed wheat to supply seed to Linn county
county farmers. Tho proceedings that we
publish show that the matter will be promptly
attended to. The O. R. & N. Co. will make
a nominal charge of one dollar per ton freight
from San Francisco to Portland, and the 0. k
C. II. will transport it for 75 cents and fifty
Ueuts respectively from Portland to anyBtation
south, or from one station to another on the
line free. The small charge made on wheat
from Portland will only cover transfer
charges here That all shows a desire
on part of Portland merchants and transporta
tion companies to make the calamity aa light
as possible on the uffenng producer.
Considerable spring wheat will be found
through Oregon, and it can be brought from
Colilornia at very short notice. At they grow
mostly spring w beats there, even where sown
in the fall, it must be easy to secure good
seed.
This reminds us that any person who haa
good seed wheat of auy kind, is tolerably safe
to tow it during the first ten aiys in March.
We hear that fact often stated by good far'
men, and remember that msny years ago we
always sowod white wiuter wheat tlie first
half of March, always with success. But we
dou't wish any one to do that on our recom
mendation. We suggest it aa a method in
practice, and any man can easily satisfy him
self from the experience of others as to its re
liability.
Ask your druggist for l.edding'a Russia
Salve. Keep it in tne nouse in case 01 acci
dents. Price 25 cents.
r.The most brilliant shade possible, on
all fabrics are made by the Diamond uyta,
I Unequalled forb-il'iancy and dur bility. 10c
2 1883.
WEIGHT OF MEATS.
Our qiotitions speikofbeef and mutton
net weight an I on foot. The stock niier who
sells beef and mutton off the range ought to
know how to calculate the weight of an am
mal.which is a matter we do not intend to touch
upon, more than to say that some men earn
handsome salaries and others make fortunes
by having a sharp idea of the weight of ani
mals, or, in other words, " guessing " off tne
weight of a lot of cattle and sheep. The
butcher's rule is by measurement of an ani
mal. So much depth and breadth and length
contain so much meat, but such arbitrary
rules cannnot give accurate weights; they can
generalize, and so approximate to the truth.
The shrewd buyer who can take in the points
and see exactly where an animal gains or loses
in weight, will make a fortune for him-elf or
employers. Probably Thomas Cross under
stands tie points, and can get at weights as
well as any man in Oregon. A well bred ani
mal haa points that give weight; it is deeper
through, broader, compact in t-udd, and has
solidity that cannot be found in the wild
Texas steer, or the Spanish stock we found in
Oregon iu 1850.
Conversini? with Mr. West, a buyer, of
Salem, the other day, when on the train, we
got some reliable points that may be useful. A
well fed beef animal, either fattened on range
or stall feed, killd twelve hours after feed
ing, should weigh 60 pounds of meat for the
block to every 100 pounds of live weight; add
ing the hide and tallow, and the weight will
increase to 75 pounds to the 100-pound live
weight. Take a rough bony animal, not built
compactly, and not in good condition, though
making a fine quality of meat, and the meat
for the block will not weigh over 50 pounds to
the 100 pounds live weight, and the hide and
tallow over. The ordinary count is 50 par
cent, meat, but the butcher would gain
greatly if that was the actual calculation for
good beef cattle.
Mr. West gave the quotations for meats as
follows : Mutton, 4 to 5 cents, live weight;
beef, 5 to 6 cents, live weight, The differ
ence of one cent lies in tho charactei of the
meat. If it is choice the higher price is
readily paid. These may be considired the
prevailing rates at this time through Western
Oregon. Mr. West is constantly buying for
Portland bntcherp and visits all parts of the
country. He is another man thoroughly
posted as to meat matters and weights of
cattle.
The advantage in improved stock is that
you get more and better meat in the best parts
of the animal and smaller bono. Mr. West
says our stock is not improving of late for the
reason we do not import fresh blood to in
vigorate it. He says beef was better years
ago than now. This is important to our
farmers at this time when we are entering
upon a prio 1 of meat raising instead of so
much wheat growing. Mr. West says there
is doubt that the market for meats will be
fully sustained in the future, as we have
asserted. The man who has good meat can
depend on a good market and a fair price.
We srJoke, last week, of a sale of stall fed
beef at 6 cents per pound, on foot, or live
weight, from Lane county, and that animals
four to five years old sold for $90. Inquiry
places U0 a head as average values of
such stock last fall; thtre has been
not to exceed seventy-five days and not
necessarily, and sixty days of feeding; the
ccst of feed should not be over $20, and may
not be ever $15 a head for this lot, so that a
reasonable cost per animal would be SCO,
against which tho purchase price was $90.
We will suppose the man with 100 acres of
good era?s land .mys young Btoek and grows
hay and roots, and raises and fattens what meat
he can on that much well improved land, Is it
not evident that his outlay will be small, his
cares light, hit farming Bifo and his income
reasonably certain ? He markets his growing
crop when he feeds it, and the manure left on
the place is a small bonanza.
We should like to have s ome experienced
stock raiser figure up the amount of business
a man could do with 100 acres, a few acres to
cultivate and the balance to good pasture,
Mr. West says oat hay is the k-est of fatting
feed, but should be left as long as possible,
until within a week of ripening, then will do
great good, whereas, if cut green stock whT
eat it greedily, but get very little good. That
we can bear witness to, that green oat hay
disappears rapidly.
This question of meat refers to sheep and
twine as well, but we have confined it chiefly
to beef this time. It would bo a great grati
fication to be furnished witb practical infor
mation from stock men on all these points.
They cannot do a greater favor to the country
than to show what it is capable of in the line
of producing choice meats for our growing
home market.
Ml.XII.Vt. .M-TTS.
Bad weather for mining.
The head of the Sterling ditch is thawing
oui, sou piping is auom u commence.
The prospects do not teem favorable for an
extended tun for many of the miners.
Klippel k Keaton of Poormsn's creek are
able to work eight hours out of twenty-four
oy catcning ine water in tneir reservoir.
J. T Layton of Applegate it hiring quite
a force of men to clean out his long line of
ditch, which work will take sometime. He
has not done much to far, but expects to
mane a good run yet.
The melting mow hasentbledj many to
work their claimt. There is an unusual quan
tity of tnow in the mountaini and those whose
ditches head there will have an ample tupply
ui wau-r lur awuiie.
Rots k Co. havepurchtied C. H. Barkdell't
title to the quartz ledge in Bltckwell district
which paia to well about two years ago, when
$600 was pounded out with a mortar in a
thort time. Prospecting will be commenced
tt once,
Mctt of the miners are busy at work since
the pleasant weather began, but unlets rain
begins to fall toon, there will be a dearth of
water. Those who rely on guclies and thort
creeat are not name to uo much thu season,
without the spring it Ute and wet.
HO IIMI OF TBIDE.
Heller for Ibc Farmers Mb Have Suffer!
trom Hie Freeze-l'p.
A special meeting of the Board of Trad,
was held yesterday afterncon to consider thi '
following communications:
Albasy, Or., Feb. 26, 1833.
To the Boird of Trade of Portland, 0.:
Uentlemex Inasmuch as the farmeis ol
Liun couuty are compelled to import seed
wheat from abroad for spring now iiij on to
count of ltaab-eiice iu the -alley, an 1 whereas
they must pay the high market rates now ml.
ing, therefore we, tho underaiyneil, respect,
fully ask that theB iard of Trade of Portland,
Oregon, use its influence with all carrying
companies to secure reduced rates of trans,
portation for the same, and that said compj.
nies notify the public through the press at
what points suitable seed wheat for spring
sowing can be obtained.
P Cohen Burkhart Bros
Senders & Sternberg I C Dickey
Graf & Fromm W H Goltra
Fred Muller W L Vanco
A B Mcllwain Allen k Martin
W C Tweedale B W Cundiff
J Gradwohl E W Lingdon
S E Young F M Kedficld
McFarland & Co John Conner
C E Wolverton H H Hewitt
l'.-ters it Blain F M French
Hoffman k Joseph Monteith k Seitenbacb
Foshay k Mason L E Blain
L, Fiinn R S Straban
O. R. & N. Co., Manager's Office,
Portland, Or., Feb. 28, 1883. ,
Ilinnll 111 inlaall 1?.n Proalrlont nl 1.
II iard of Trade. Portland. Or. -.Dear ft S
L-VUdll. .'.b..UT, ..4U- IV.1UUII. VI LIIS t i.
the O. R. & IV Co. will mike a rate of oni x 1
, , -- - .. ,
(SI) dollar per ton, until further orders, on
seed wheat from San Francisco to Portland,
Yours truly,
C. H. Prescott, Manager.
Or. & Cal. R. R. Company,
Gen'l Fr't and Pass'o'r Office,
Portland. Or., Feb. 28, 1883.
Donald Macleay, Esq,, President of the
Portland Board of Trade -.Dear Sir I am
instructed to say that this company will tram
port seed wheat in car loads from Portland to
stations south on the East side division at the
nominal rate of Beverty-five cents per ton, on
the West side division at fifty cents per ton
from Portland to stations south, to cover
transfer charges at Portland. From wj
stations to points south on either d A isios
will transport tree in car loads up in applica
tion to our agents. This will continue in
force till March 3lst.
Yours respectfully,
E. P. Rooers, G. F. & P. Aft,
A committee consisting of Col. John lie
Craken, W. J. Burns and Charles P. Church,
were appointed, with full power to act in the
matter. .
A vote of thanks was tendered the O. R. i
N. and the O. k C. railroad companies for the
liberal offers in regard to transportation.
After the meeting adjounred the committee
immediately telegraphed to San Francisco
and other points for seed wheat.
LII1KHAL OFtEK.
Farmers who have suffered the loss of their
crops by the fieeze-up may be benefitted fe;
the propositions contained in the following:!
C. H. Prescott, Manager of the O. R. k N.
Co., generously offcis to transport wheat fix
seed from San Francisco to Portland for the
nominal sum of one dollar per ton, and Mr,
Koehlor likewise offers, on behalf of the O. t
0. R. R , to transmit from Portland to all
points up the valley in cat load lots fvr the
actual expense of transfer at Portland, viz,::
70 cents per ton.
All parties desiring to avail themselves ol
the above facilities, and ordering in ten-ton
lots, upon notifying the undersigned, will hire
their orders attunde 1 to with dispatch it
figures to cover actual cost.
Sibson, Cudrcu & Co.
BCR'-TINO OF AN EjIFRY WlIEEL. Y-
terday afternoon about 3 o'clock, an Emery
wheel in the Union Iron Works, on Front j
street, corner of Main, burst, and seriously!
injured Frank Reed who was workincat it,
It appears that the speed of the wheel, which
was very rapid at the time, was snddsnlyl
considerably augmented by putting on thel
blasts Mr. Reed, formerly engineer of
Tiger Engine Company No. 5, Volunteer Fire
Department, was a new hand apparently,
with the Emery wheel, and when the revolu
tions were increased another workmaa, a few
feet distant, knowiug tha danger, threw hit
wheel out of gear, and noticing that Mr,
Reed continued working, started over to give
him a pointer, but before he could get to him,
the wheel burst, sending frsgmenta in all 6i-
rections, one piece striking Reed on the right
leg above the knee tearing the liesh oil atl
shattering tlie bone, another piece ton
through tho roof, Mr. Reed was taken tt
his home at 69 Montgomery street, between.
3d and 4th, thence removed to Good Samar'-I
ton Hospital. It is thought that the leg will
have to be taken off.
Romantic. -Om of the passengers on the
Dakota siys the Intelligencer, was a youi
lady from the east, whose object in coming tc
this country was to marry a man she bid
never seen. They had become acquainted
through friends and by letters, and after a pro
tracted pen. Ink and paper courtship had con
eluded to chance matrimony. The man wu
on the wharf to receive her, accompanied by
the ladie'a friends. She duly came ashore,
and, after a general and very hearty hand
shaking, and a proper amount of "bussing,'
she was introduced to her intended husband
They stood off a moment, each taking a good
look at the other, and then with a little gW
cry the sprang into his outstretched arms, ui
for a minute or two there wat tome of thf
mott rapturous hugging and kissing yet dors'
on this townsite. The couple were apparent
ly oblivious of the crowd of strangers sm
rounding them, and, teeming immenseli
pleased with each other, went off up town.
lliH An., .m-iailli. mL. .!..: !....., vhi
formula from which Ammen't Cough Syrup 1 ,
prepared, he would not only recommend, tfjj
presence it to nit patient! troubled wun
cough or cold, or any disease of the throat
mnna ! .4 T. t I? .In tl
-6"- 1 1. it not no equal, ror -,
benefit of those who wonld sty, "anotbfi
uumuug, a trial 10-centsize it prepared. Aj
yonr druggist to get it for you. Iu bottlet ttf
10 cts, ouctiand $1.
Kicked by a Horse, Tuesday evenixf !
Vu-xt1T- iIiibsV . ... ! 1! 1 a. . .1ii
from Eut Portland, and a half mile aoath c'3
tne owe line road, while attending to tuj
horsei, wu kicked by one of them, breakirfl
------ . h tUU IUUIVIIPK lUbCIUtU ") fl
ries. A doctor wat called to attend him, ti
reports the case at a very teriout one.
uaiepaon, who are mining below V'i
Eagle flouring mill, have found new graEj
v ma 'ruve rtxpuerTlvs.
A
!7
I