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WILLAMETTE PAEMER: PORTLAND, OBEGON, JANUARY 19, 1883
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issued every Week by the
WIlLAm.TTK FAIMII.B ITHLIHIIINO CO.
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C4LSunulB copies sent free on application.
l'uWI:atlnu01llco: No. 6 Washtofrton btreet. Up
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ll III 1111. Il'is amiimmii:nt.
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tions to this paper til wlicro we liae no agents re
mittances MUST be made, (expenses paid), to us by
KcirlsUred Letter, or .Monti Orders, or Express.
ALL l'Al'KIIS lllbt'OM IM I.I) AT TUB EXPIKA
TION OF Till: TJllK PAID 10U.
Amltv . . It LSimpion i Lebanon . hinitli
Aurori .. .ileo Sillier
Itrnwimillo .W It Kirk
Butteiillc .JolinllaUlicller
llutta Creek Khkinln
Brooks W II Hurrl
Ucllcvue
Crawfonlsillle
Icvilsvllle IICMcTliiiinonds
l.ooklnff (Jlass. II Cochran
I.I in J i L Abrams
I jfjieKc... JWhtraniru
MeYIInMllIcJ Mel'lilllilM
H uouoins
r' S Thayer
watch all proceedings of politic! or business
to see how they affect you; we serve up to
you valuable information of the world's pro
gress and make a contribution in every issue
to the pleasures of home. So far as we are
able, and you turnith the means, we serve
you in evcrydepaitment of life that can affect
you, to the best of our study and comprehen
sion. We Bubmit, then, fur your considera
tion If it is not icasonably your duty (and
your interest as well) to sustain a journal that
represents you closely, and has no other aim
than to Bervo you well. The many years of
this service answer whether we can seivo
jou efficiently.
Jell Hails! Mi Coy
Itcbt (links Jit 1'lcisant
OotUieo Or. .J llhhortridxu Marl... ..It II ltutherford
Coruillls .Mcjcr Harris Mohiwk .J S Churchill
diamine): A Jetle Monuiolllll aleniollc
Jamaicus K Korbei N'oYnnihlll flw Kappliiirtoti
Dai ton I: CllaJ.injl'oell alley TK Willi mis
Drains lion J (" Drain Pilot Iloek .11 (iillhni
tllt, 1 II hmitli Pendleton l.ot l.llennoro
jufiir .1 Dnfur Jr lerrjdilu J Vt Mcllrew
Roll .Thomas I" arte I ka.uitlllll UWIIandsilcr
KlkUin A II Haines llllcrside. ..,C I' Knonlcs
Rneene Hon .1 II MKIiiiu Hosi htirir 8 K Ilaramiil
Klltli-hiiri; Him M b ihj Sweet Home .7. II .Muss
Vonst (tr tie s llujits Silmi . S W L'hureli
Fox Valley A n (lu.lner SUjton ...A IMlirdnir
UoMlien . .J llunUikir (sublimity. . Jno Dovmimr
airtrtii ..AC Itijininil Sfo J H Jlorrla
dermis Malltcli'llJMieild W M Powers
(loldilHhle.il FMyloriCo.Tanitent John Lupcr
IIirrlsburL'...IIon If Hmltli'WIIbur ...Hon Tlios Hmitli
nulscy.. Muck, Pearl U Co .Williinctte P....M wilklns
Irvlna .. A I! .luinliiirsjvrillu. ...A A Williamson
Independence n L Hodirlili Weston . ..L 8 Wood
Jacksonville. ..Max SIulleriWaitsburL' WN Smljli
Jlinetlon W II ISuber Walla Walla Jjaeons
JofTirmn
,J W Itoland'Zens S SQImblo
Foil the infc r.riation of all our readers we
inform thorn that we have the latest markets
in each issue. Sonvi people think the daily
papers only get the 'atist nows. They forget
that it is ours tho moment it is published, and
wo give it I" idem. Besides this, at 10 o'clock
on publicali.il day we can got all tho import
ant news tl.... -.-ill be published tho day fol
lowing. Nh n-wapipir lus any advantage
ovei us in fin mailing innikct intelligence.
Wo linvu fun. ! that whin the editor himself
works tipt'n treots there aiu not many who
can get up rro c valuable points in tho same
time.
Tiik Wall.. Wall Statesman has great faith
that ttomcti au tho Si mid will be tho great
port for the pioduccra of tho interior. The
grain an I products of the country Kist of tlm
CaRcaihs will lie bought by oxportera and
shipped wheiovir they can ship tho choipo-t.
That is I'm i iru iioh-. Kxporten aro working
for milt, ami aio not interested in tno sue
cubs of towns. If goMiiwicnt improves tho
ontiti'ie'i to tho Ciiluiuliia wi tlint it can admit
tomnierco safely, as will mi iloulit liu ilone,
and if the river Bhall be cleaned of bars, ns
will also lie done, then commerce will fiud its
way to I'm tliiml and slnii-i will load thcio
Wu vulture to Inlieve tlint Walla Walh
nlieat will como to l'ortland for many a ye.u
to eoiiie'.
Thkiik us no uuwsnapor in tho Northwoit
that any w ay mi u (ills the pl.ico wu oceiipy in
Bupiilym,' farmers with inloim.itiim Biuted to
this part of tho country, reliable facts of agri
e'liltuie, coiiKiiiiiircations from the people,
Xiod family leading and mUcelluuy of a scien
tific and pr ititnblo kind. The w hole ciiclo of
lioiuti is liciietited; thu father has Iih eolitl
agiicultural f icts, the mother her household
mutters .mil the jo ny their department. The
Wilmmh'ir Fahmmi will educate tho young
tube ptuctical men and women if thoy read
it, and lliu elders will flint that thoy all the
time learn somo new thing that is tn thoir ad
vantage tn Know alto, llesidea this we give
you le'li.ililo mnrkut news.
Tiik Yakima S'vjnaX in its first isue figures
up the land grant of the N. I. K. K. as worth
$50,000 t3 $100,000 a mile, and complains be
cause 30,000,000 to the cast is to he exchanged
for preferred ttock. Tho Signal makes its
calculations from prices charged by J. M.
Willis, land agent at Spraguc. When Mr.
Willis was htrc in December ho informed us
that only one-fourth of all the land within the
grant, west of Sprague an 1 north of the ra 1
road, in Spokane :cuuty, was fit for cultiva
tion, and much of that is of inferior quality.
When Mr. Lamboru, General Land Commis
sioner of tho N. 1'. H. It., wa9 hero last fall,
ho told ua the land grant of the N. 1'. would
baldly average 50 cents an acre. Ifitnas
worth what the Signal thinks it is the com
pany's stock would bo worth 200 per cent, in
stead of 45. The preferred st ick represents
tho interest of bondholders at tho time of Jay
Cooke's failure, actual cash loaned tho com
pany, and it is only wotth 85 c's. This pre
f erred stock when the company reorganized
was to be taken at par in payment for lands,
and it now seems that English holders of it
are converting it into land in preference to
owning the stock, as provided in case of all
holders. This wo know, because we remem
ber the terms of reorganization. Any man
who wants to buy railroad land will mako
something by purchasing preferred stock at
85c to pay for it with. Tho Signal strikes us
as one of the most attractive journals we re
ceive, both as to mechadical appearance and
its manifest editorial ability. Iti figures are
basnl on current opinions. We happen to
know something about t!io values of land, so
wo correct it as above. Yet, for all tha', the
land grant of the N. P, K. K. is tho making
of the road and worth millions of dollars.
A FAMBEES STORY.
Wk should liko to have a club gotten up at
every post-office in tho country, and will make
a libeial offer to any responsible pel son who
will umlertako tno work.
TOO MUCH EDUCATION DEMANDED
Tiik .I'Mriuii accuses 114 of favoring exten
sive, liud grants to railroads that ref usu 1 1
eomplv with the conditions of the grauts, a
po'itiuu we havo never held. Fair treatment
of honestly conducted enterprises is all wu
favor. All the interest wo have is not to see
thei completion of the Northern road deferred
by the tillibustering of its opponents. The
Ontral monopoly Is' th meanest corporation
iu,txisteuce; a set of men that have gathered
iiiueUiithortraiis-eoutincut.il routes aud want
Con'H'si to revoke tho land grant of the
Nwithi rn I'ucilie, so ai to defer tho completion
otthis road to hold thu l'acil' Xorthwcatttill
longer stlliji ct to their extol . .
80MK nopspe-rs pander to public preju
dice, pUviug for popularity by criticising all
eipnssioiis friendly to corporations. Wo lie
licVe in popular rights agauat corporations,
and 111 holding them subject to public uo at a
faifprice. Wo glory in the decision of the
Supieiuu Court 111 thu so-oilleel granger oast',
Wtta) thu people should exact fair treatment
float those who eujoy gnat publio franchises)
kut as Cougiest distinctly aud without limit
ir"-ciNetl thb lauds along the Northern l'acitio
road (or thu purpose of aiding construction cf
tint roul, whoover should build it, we don't
wish U see tho grant revoked and construe-
lioint Uioiv.nl luiiJereil. N o li-ivo Waited
long lo it, and now that Uis near completion,
want no disappointment.
Vikw r.i AuiniiT It is much tho duty of the
fainii' 1 1 siippoit hi' omu reliablu newspaper
.u-it . to mppoit his district school or his
ehmeli Tho latter is necessary to keep in
new liu iiioi.il condition and his higher lu
the. the sell ml U thu nursery for improve
uicnt aud duMlopuient, but the farmer's own
newspaper, devotes! to his iutensts and tain
il H( do(eiiMi of Uitin, lus a claim that should
stand t nrl 111 the ureter of his iteem. For
uiatiy years wo have served our frieuds. We
have often given them information ?f great
value, lu all these yean we have never w
a word or done a thiug to forfeit their nteeui,
Kch week we bring ti) )OU the latent market
reporu on which you can depend) we discuss
the svtlairi'ot theUinstu your interest i'wt
Congress is doing the right thing in passing
Acts to reform the civil service, but it is pro
posed to act vory absurdly in prescribing the
test for ollicc holding. Candida'cs are to be
subjtctcd to a competition as to their know
ledge of geographical and mathenutical sub
jects and other matters entirely foreign to
tin ir duties, and which are beyond tho infor
mation of nine tenths of the well read men of
tho country. All a candidate needs to know
U how to conduct tho duties of his depart
ment and to win promotion in it. It is a fact
that wo all realie, that tho best bojs of
schools make tho dunces of after life, A
parrot-like ability to memorize facts aud re
cite lessons 'snot often accompaniid by prac
tical common sense. It is told of Carlisle that
ho was always a backward and painstaking
student. Ho had for competitor a 11 lick
learning boy who led him all through school
and college, and was always held up to him as
.111 example of what liu ought to do and be.
lint tho head boy of tho school lived and died
the proprietor of 1 giocer's shop in Olisgow,
whilo Thomas Carlisle possessed wisdom and
originality that uudu him the foremost in n
of letters of his time. If tho standard of com
petition is placed upon tho ability ti recito
school lessons that thu wisest invariably foi
B6t, and only tho most triviil thinkers ie
mutiib.T, then tho olUceswill bo dUtiibuted
among tho shallow minded of rur race, Tno
merchant, or other business man, selects as
sistants for their especial capacity to do his
work. It is true in overy branch of business,
and every profession, that the steady thinker
and hard worker wins success. The mere ca
pacity to answer the Hue of questions pro
posed by examiners is not satisfactory evi
dence of ability and integrity in affairs of
business.
Such limitation as civil service reformers
propose would shut out liiauy sons of farmers
and mechanics, w ho are entirely compotent to
transact business, but have not hid Cduct
tionil opportunities to enable them to coin
peto with high school graduates. The uoni-p-titiou
system looks like a premium offered
for memorizing facti of history, geogriphy
and science that will luxe np place in the du
ties of official iu subordinate positions.
Many of the most able men in our county
never had schojling and were self taught.
Among the most distinguished of Americans
Henry Clay, for mstauce the acquisition
of the mere rudiments of kuon ledge answered
all necessary purpose. It opeued the secrets
of learning to a willing mind that made use of
all tho treasury of kuowledite. A cjinmon
school udocatio'i fits any man for the highest
p.isitiou in our'goverument, if ho uses it as a
loer to raise hi nself by. The mere ability to
read and wrjto ausneia if the poxesor has
native power to use knowledge aright. The
dilticnlty svetna to to tint tefotmen are im
practicable. They are too often thevrisla who
do not understand thu win Id's ways or the
world's nee'ds The ciwl son ice is In uee 1 cf
practical good sense to put reform in acme
operation aud giu it assurance of success en
the same basis a successful business man duds
requisite in his own management of affairs
In tho interest of ttie poor toy, who needs
office as much as tho rich man's sou, we ob
ject to the propose'el tluinuieiy that It only
calculated to e the official patronage of the
giivernmoul ler tnoe wno nave nau toexi op
jxirtuuitte's to le well schooled. The couutry
boy, witn good common sense ana tno eauca
We have read, with a great deal of interest,
the truthful story we publish to-day of a
friend of ours, who did what he tolls in his
communication, and lives to respect himself
for doing It, and to enjoy his well earned
property. To sum up the matter a little dif
ferently, our friend has now 120 acres of land
paid for, located favorably and quite near
Portland, that he can keep on clearing, and in
five years more it will be all cleared, and
worth $100 an aero. He has a fortune in his
possession, all due to his intelligence, indus
try and economy. He is intelligent, jet never
has economized in denying himself a newspa
per. He has always taken the Fabmer, and
wo count him among our steadfast friends.
We have met him in grange halls, which
shows that he is intelligent in realising that
co-operation and sociability are necessary
among farmers. He is not so saving as to
avoid paying the dues, to keep up tho grange.
His case illustrates tho value of good husband
ry. He tells how his eggs supplied a great
part of tho family needs. We wish ho had
told how he made his income, as that would
be an incentive to many new beginners. We
firmly believe, and hive said within a month,
that a farmer should live off his farm, and
have his wheat ciop for profit. Tne tanrngs
from the dairy and poultry yard and gorden
oupht to supply tho family, with good man
agement. Our friend evidently had a help
inato in his wife, and that is no email item in
any man's capacity to succ cd. Had they
possessed pride of appearance and bought
things to Bustain it, they would not to-day
havo the noto paid and the deed for the laud
in their pockets. We hold this lesson up to
every man who is starting in life. In this
country, with good health and strength, there
is no good reason for failure, or even for hard
times. Take farmers as a class, and if they
lived within their means, as our correspondent
has, they could win independence as easily.
Almost every product of the farm bears a high
price. Tho building of railroads bringB every
part of our country within reach of market.
Butter and eggs can be shipped to this or some
other market, from the remotest parts of the
Willamette. The towns through tho valley
all create a demand for farm products. Store
bills, as our correspondent says, have driven
many a farmer to Bell out and go elsewhere,
probably to be worried by other store bills.
Living in Portland four years, we have
learned the cost of the things grown by tho
farmer. We have concluded to live agiin,
soon, in Salem, within a half hour's walk of
our own little farm, so as to save the great ex
pense of buying things we can grow on tho
place. Living here, we have all become more
convinced of the pleasure and profit of coun
try life, and anxious to enjoy such free priv
ileges as no city can bestow.
The only fault we find with our friend's
communication is that he does not affix his
name to it. It is modesty on his part. He
desires to give others the benefit of his experi
ence, but does it under an assumed name
However, we can personally vouch fir him
and his statements,
Anv pers in, not a subscriber, who will get
us three new subscribers, not now on our list,
and remit $7.50, will receive the paper free
ouu uir as eumjieusaii jii lur ine euuib.
OREOON PAPEKS.
Under this title Mr. D. H. Stearns has
published an intcrestiug volumo of sketches
conce'rninp Oregon, descriptho of the scenery
of different distiicts, and containing excellent
lithographs of many towns, mountain views
and prominent bji'dings and other objects.
I'ho front eo cr has a view taken from the
hills back of Portland, with the city near by;
the Willamette river, Kast l'ortland and Al
bion; tho Luck ground of lulls growing into
tho grand Cascado Mountains, with the
seicne picseucu of Mount Hood crowning all.
Tho book has pamphlet covers, all four pages
devoted to elogunt landscape lithographs of
Portland and suburbs. The volume is shaped
to admit of its illustrations being well dis
p'ayed, us its pages are wider than they are
long. The presont volumo contains over 120
illustrations, including the finest views and
landscapes about Poitlaud, and beautiful
views Jrom tho valleys in Union and liaker
oountiei among tho Illue Mountain ranges,
The towns and ranches iu Grande Hondo val
ley and Powdoi Kiver valley are not only
well depicted but well described. The variety
off-red consists of landscape views aud resi
dences, public edifices, railroad works and
business blocks in Portland, with living
descriptions of the city aud all its surrouud
inga written by tho best literary tilent in tho
State. Tho whole constitutes a life picture
of Oregou from different standpoints. Mr.
Stearns has not dished up here the old and
lucleneyed photographs of Columbia river
scenery, with which the world must be fa
miliar, but has gone to tho beautiful scenes
among the Blue Mountains, of which the
world has little knowledge, and exercised his
own accomplishment as an artist iu sketching
from nature. The volume contains over forty
ltnds;apes. besides maps and charts to show
th contempt ited improvements near Port
land, aud the city and its suburbs. Too views
l.jjtoru u vgou include, many farms and
tno tine animals kept on stock
Tne price is $1, and the book will
11.
WHAT 18 O00D FABMIXO.
J. Brandt, Jr., is Superintendent of the
Oregon California railroad, and a vory busy
man in the great responsibilities. Such a man
is certain to have correct ideas andti put
them in execution. He owns a farm in Wash
ington county where he has some fine stoct.
He was speaking the other day of lack of
ceonomy and system in farming, and alluded
to the fact that many of our farmer; neglect
to save manure, which accumulates and actu
ally beds in some barns so that the owners
have to move them away from the manure
piles. Since converging with Mr. Brandt wu
have actually bien told of several instances
where farmers havo moved barns to get away
from manure. Oue occurred in Howell Prai
rie, and Mr. Brandt quoted a well known
gentleman of Harrisburg as another, who told
him he would never haul out a load of ma
nure, and that ho had actually moved his
barn to get away from manure accumulations.
Good farming requires that all the manure
made on the farm should be saved and util
ized. To do the best ecrvice manure should
be used when it is strong and fresh. Of course
well rotted manure is good for something, but
before the ammonia evaporates it is worth
much more, Tho timo has come when the
Willamette Valley farmer needs to sie
everything ho can, and his barn manure is
woith far more than most think. Take up
works on good, practicil farming, and you
will read that tiblo manure is tho best fer
tilizer known. It contains all the constitu
ents needed for lestoring the soil, aud with a
little plaster is the best fertilizer to be had.
Mr. Brandt bought a farm that had been
run ti wheat for nearly 30 years ; tho old
fields only brought fifteen bushels to the acre.
He saved and hauled out manure and brought
the land up to 35 bushels. Hay is very high
this season. Ot some of this ground he re
stored he made a meadow, and besides feed
ing all that was required to his stock he had
40 tons of hay to spare that he sold for $20 a
ton $S00 for the lot, a fair interest on the
value of a good farm, and produced off of 20
to 25 acres.
Every farmer should combine stock with
wheat farming, and mako and feed hay and
not crops tn the stock. Saving and using the
manure and feeding the crop on the place as
much as possible will keep up its productive
capacity. There is too much wheat grown
and too little harvested. It doesn't yield
enough to the acre. Good farming is needed
to keep up the soil and keep up the farmers
too. We gi" the illustrations above related
to show what practical business farming ao
complishes. It has been our aim, always, to
study facts and sum up results to our readers.
When locating a prune orchard, seven years
ago, we chose a location quite near to Salem,
so as to bo able to procure manure from town
stables. If our farmers would study to save
manure in good condition, and apply it at the
proper time, they would receive practical ben
efits from it well worth the effort.
Hero is a topio we present to our readers,
and we frame two inquiries and submit, hop
ing they will be taken up and thoroughly dis
cussed :
FinsT: How to save manure in the best
minner and with lea't expense? This includes
tho whole question of feeding all kintls of
stock, whether the manure should be shcl
teied and stored, and as to bedding animals
with straw or something to absorb liquid ma
nures. This is no trifling subject, but of first
class importance.
Second: How to apply stable manure!
This involves consideration of the climate and
the effect of rains. Whether to haul out and
spread in fall, w inter or spring. Whether to
scatter tn plowed or unplowed ground. If it
Is best to plow or cultivate the manure in.
Both of these que&tious will bo of interest.
Wo want to know prectical results ot manure
011 all crops iu our c'imate.
FAILURE OF CO-OPERATION.
We have said considerable of late about the
failure or suspension of all the cooperative
schemes, especially those connected with the
gJange, in Oregon. The New York Timet
concludes that the conditions must be differ
ent from those existing in England, where co
operative societies and business ventures meet
with success and are placed on a permanent
basis. It takes for iti text the suspension of
the Co-operative Dress Association, capital
$250,000, tiiat was intended to supply first
c!ass goods to ladies of New York, It failed
to compete with the skilled merchants, and,
with very liberal support, had to give up bus
iness. Cooperation dies not thrive on our
soil, East or West, probabiy because of the
cjoso competition of all trade. We still be
lieve that our larmers, when organized in the
grange, could operate with success, as the
Linn County Council does, through an agent,
and sicure reduced prices for implements aud
supplies. The success of tho Liun County
Business Coune'l shows that good can be ac
complished in this way, and the example
should be followed in every county.
If your friend or neighbor does not take
this paper, why cannot you persuade him to
try it, and so do a favor to hini. to ns and
yourself To him because he will get a good
newspaper to read, to us because wo waut
more patrons, and to yourself hesause wo pay
well for the trouble ou take.
Selecting Merino Ranis.
Whili it is not practicable to use a different
ram for every ewe in the flock, and in most
cases the select on must be confined to one,
still great care and careful investigation
should be exercised in selecting first, to ob
tain a ram that has as many excellent points,
and as few weak or defective ones as possi
ble; secondly, to be very sure that whatever
weak points tho flock, as a whole, may have,
is represented in as strong manner as possible
in the ram selected. Ho should be especially
good where the flock is weak, not only in his
own character, but he should come from a
flock that, as a rule, excel in those points
wanted, and finally, these desired character-
is ics should have been possessed, if possible,
in a marked degree, for many generations, in
the ram's own immediate ancestors. Among
all our stock animals there are none that re
quire as much careful study in selecting, or
have bo mary points that should be consid
ered as the rams to improve our Merino
usually made there is very little chance for
improvement with the ram selected. iSrodt
ournnj.
In-Door Work.
The importance of planning for in-door work
during stormy days, is not fully appreciated.
Thero are many things that can be done as
well when it rains as during fair days. With
small farmers, the threshing of tho little
amount of grain raised may be done by hand
in stormy weather. The tools should be thor
oughly cleaned, mended, and painted, if this
is necessary, and put in readiness for the
busy time of spring. A good day s work ms.y
be given to the oiling and repairing of the
harness. There are enough jobs that may be
done under cover to fill all the rainy cHvs, if
there is only planning for it. At this season
there may be feed racks needed, and a day at
the tool bench is far more profitaHo in every
way than 0110 spent in lounging, especially if
it bo done at tho village stcre. Make the
most of every day, and not count stormy
days as blank ones. Western Farmer.
What It did for an Old Lady.
WHAT THE PEOPLE SAY
ol
some of
rauehes.
be mailed on remittance of the same to D,
Meartis, Poitlaud, Oregon.
lion raiuexl by three months school ever)'!
Tun Yakima Signal, vol. 1, No. 1, was
i med at Yakima, W. T., the first week iu
Jauuiry. It is a lirgu size eightpago paper,
aud very haudto nely printed. Its publishers
are J. M. and Mrs. P. 1). Adams. The Signal
occupies a good field, and the first number
show s journalistic ability. In appearance and
in the nutter it contains it tak-s rank among
the lst journals outside of Portland, aud
ought to receive support to correspond with
its manifest efforts. Yakima county is a re
gion that the world knows muck too little
about, aud that we luxe lately written con.
tiderably concerning from, the accounts of our
friends. Hereafter, we ahall bona tj find in
wluter iu a couutry district, can till, auy of the Signal full account of the wide region it
the subordinate noaltlons. and tike his I renretenta to Induda in our' t.iehA. nf k
chancre for future'promotion, . " , J! Pacifio Northwejt.
Mr. Win. West, of Chehalis, . T., seuds
us five uew subscribers and says: "Ihae
done this iu order to get the farmers inter
ested in the support of a paper that advocates
their interests and furnishes them with infor
mat!on without which no farmer can be suc
cessful, I hope for the day, in the near fu
ture, to see the farmers united and working
together Intelligently for their common goed
I know no better way to get them aroused,
and to thinking and working for themselves,
than to become subscribers to the Fakmer.
"Farmers, as a class, are slow to act in
combination, which I think is owing to their
isolated way of living, and not to any lack of
sense or appreciation of its advantages. If
only a majority of them once get to reading
the Fakmeh they will soon commence to act
for themselves. I hope that you will.contiuue
tj make your paper as valuable to our inter
ests, and also meet w ith ample remuneration
for your effjiti."
Note If all our readers would take the
same interest tlia1, Mr. West does, aud that
many others like him do, it would have two
good results. 1st, It would bring a large
number of readers and workers within the in
fluence of this journal, and si aid our efforts
to induce fa-mcrs through all this region to
work togeth'runderstandingly. 2d, It would
improve the financial condition of this paper
and give it more strength to work for the good
of its patrons We fully appreciate such
frieudly efforts, and shall never ceaso to de
serve the vOnfiJerce of our friends, so far as
we rosscss ability to work for them.
1 j
Tiik Farmer is preparing a general descrip
tion of the Pacifio Northwest, to be used for
Eastern circulation, and thinking many of our
readers may Ixi glad of something of the kind
to send to friends in other State, we publish
th same in the inside of this issue. The rest
will appear next week.
Ditivnx, Wis., Sept. 2t, 1873.
Gists I have taken not quite one bottle
of the Hop Bitter. ' I was a feeble old man of
78 whn I got it. To-day 1 am aa active and
feel a well as I did at 30. I a great many
that omiI auob, a mediai. D. Borer.
CoanocToy Station-, N.Y., Dec. 28, 1878.
Gents A number of people had been using
your Bitters here, and with marked effect. In
one case, a lady of over seventy years had
been Bick for years, and for the past ten years
has not been able to be around half the time.
About six months ago she got so feeblo she
was helpless. Her old remedies or physicians
being of no avail, I sent to Deposit, forty-five
miles away, and got a bottle of Hop Bitters.
It improve! her so she was able to dress her
self and walk about the house. When she
had taken the second bottlo she was able to
take care of her own room and walk out to
her neighbor's,' and has improved all the time
since. My wito and children also have de
rived great benefit from their use,
W, B. Hathawat,
Agent U. S. Ex. Co.
Who Should Come to this Country i
We have two communications to-day front
persona in the East, asking several questions,
which summed up, are, who should com to
this country f Wo answer for thi so and eth
ers; no one should think of emigrating with
out sufficient means for self-support for at
least a short time after reselling this section,
Labor is a. scarce article hero just now, but
not all those who emigrate cire to do tbt
rough sort of work requited; nor are all who
come mechanics, so that suitable employment
immediately upon arrival cannot always b
relied upon, and thero is nothing more dis
couraging to the new-comer than to become a
subject of publio or private charity. This
caution applies particularly to heads of fam
ilies', who would be cruelly derelictcd in their
duty to exposothosc depending on them to
the risk of destitution or haidsnlp on arrival
here.
Good health is tho first requisite of a person
who proposes to emigrato to this country,
with a view of improving his condition in life.
Although the climate hero is bo favorable as
to insure exemption from many disposes whick
prevail in other States, an. I to promise relief
in certain ailment), the chances are that emi
gration will prove a mistake in the case of
confirmed invalids, who arc compelled to
work for a liviog.
Generally speaking, persons a customolto
ordinary mechanical labor, and w ho unite
frugal habits with pitsctnng industry, will
ruu no risk in coming h ie, b 't individuals
unwilling to woik, or accustomed to live by
their wits, aro not wanted except by ths
police foicc of city and county. Idle is will
only go from bad to worse, and adventurers
will not prosper. This is tho pooirtt country
in thu world for wit-living rtpieueiitatives. It
requires health, labor, courage and pcrsistenc
to succeed hero as elsewhere, and emigrants
must expect this. Capitalists cannot make a
mistake by investing their money here, either
in real estate or manufactures. The whole
territory is now infused with a new life, and
possessed of an activity in excess of anything
of the like heretofore Been. Its population is
being rapidly augmented, and its resource
are being developed in a more than corre
sponding manner. For all that is produced
there is a demand, and probably more is pro
duced here per capita than by any other equal
population in the United States. The most
prudent and practical men in our midst hay
never entertained the shadow of a doubt in
regard to the capacity of the resources of this
country to support a population ol 30,000 peo
ple, or of that number of people looting here
finally. These resources oflcr an unbounded
field for enterprise, and the attention they
deserve is being attracted steadily. A man.
with a capital of muscle and courage, need not
w ait for something to turn up. He con go to
work and create opportunities. Ex.
Everybody that has tried Ammen's Congk
Syrup continues its use; besides they tell thei
neighbors of it. We were in a drug store th
other day when a customer asked me for a
bottle of Ammen's Cough Syrup, saying, "I
do not know anything about it myself, but
my neighbor advised me to buy it for my
cold, and tells me that the use of three bottle
has entirely cured his cough of two years
standing; in fact, he says 'it is tho best medi
cine in the world for coughs, colds and lung
complaints," and that a one-dollar bottle did
him more good than all the prescriptions h
had from the doctors. "
Since we have succeeded in interesting
San Franc'sco capitalists in the development
of the resources of Southwestern Oregon, we
can uow safely hope that a diversity of enter
prises will spring up in a hitherto sparsely
settled and yet wild region of country. The
country through which the proposed Coo's
Bay railroad runs certainly possesses a inulti
plicity of resources which ought to enlist and
encourage any enterprising class of capitalists:
The wave of enthusiasm seems a; last to have
struck a class of men who have enterprise,
persevorence. ami capital to be at) e to engage
in opening to the commercial world a.countrv;
rich in its mineral, timber and agricultural re
sources and reap therefrom the result a d ben
efits which are sure to follow. That a lively
iuterest has been awakened among the capi
talists of San Francisco is evident from the
newspaper comments of that city, who , are,
defining the outline of our country with its
advantages and urging the necessity of open
ing it to the outer world. PlaindtaUr.
Th Bad and Worthleu
are never imitated or counterfeited. This is
especially true of a family medicine, and it ia
positive proof that the remedy imitated is of
the highest value. As soon as it had teen
tested and proved by the whole world that
Hop Bitters w-aa the purest, best and most
valuable family medicine on earth, many imi
tations spring up and began to steal the no
tices in which the press and people of the
oountry had expressed the merits of H. II..
and iu every way trying to induce suffering
invalids to use their stuff instead, expecting to
make money ou the credit ond good name of
iu it. Jiany otner started nostrums put up
iu similar 6tyle to H. B., with variously de
visee! names in which the word "Hop" or
"linn" M ..d Man.! in m ,w tn !...I..An -1
to believe they were the same as Hon Bitten.
All such pretended remedies or cures, no mat
ter what their style or name is, and especially
euuosi iiiii me woru "nop or ouopa in
their name or in any,way connected w 1th the-n
or, their name, are imitations or counterfeit.
Beware of them. Touch nose of them. ITu.
nouuog uut genuine Hop Bitters, with a
bunch or cluster of green Hop on the hita
label. Trut nothing else. Druggist and
dealer are warned against dealing in iraita
tion or counterfeit.
The Umatilla Reservation.
From the report on the bill published last
Tuesday, written by Senator Slater, and sub
mitted March 9, 18S2, by Senator Dawes, we
glean the following facts about the Umatilla
reservation;
" The Umatilla reservation was cieated by
treaty with the Walla Walla, Cayuse, and
Uina' ilia tribes and bands of Indians, occupy,
ing lands partly in Washit-gton Territory and
partly in Oregon, which treaty was promul
gated April 11, 1859. The reservation con
tains 208,800 acres of land, of w hich 150,000
is tillable; the residue is pastuie and timber
lands. These Indians cul ivated in 1881, a
shown by tho agent's report. 4.000 acres.
broke during the year 2,000 acres now land,
produced 10,000 bushels of wheat, 2 COO bush
els of corn, 6,000 bushels of oats and barley, 6,
000 bushels of vegetables, cut 900 tons of hay,
75,000 fe.t of lumber, 1,000 cords of wood,
and built 10,000 rods of fences. 'They have
10,000 head of horses, 50 head of mules, 400
head of cattle, 5 head of swine, mid 3,000 head
of sheep.
The amount of lands required for allotment
according to the provision of this bill will not
exceed 70,000 acres. This with pasture and
timber lands, to be used in common, will
amount to 120,000 acres. Not leas than 50,-
000 acres of timber and pasture lands will be
icit alter all allotments
The number of Indians on t(iis reservation,
as shown by the 'report of the agent for 1881,
is 751. Males, 330; females, 421. Of th
whole number 504 are wholly clad in citizen'
dress, and 123 partly. Tao hundred and fifty-two
families are reported as rngiged in ag
riculture, and 162 male Indians undertake
manual labor in civilized pursuits. They eara
by labor in civilized pursuits 65 per cent of
their subsistence and support, procure 12 per
cent, by 'hunting and nshing, and receive in
rations from the government 23 per cent.
Kast Qregonian.
Canal at' The Dalle.
The report of O. F. Powell, corps of engi
neers, of his survey for a canal aid locks at
The Dalles, is an instructive document Capt.
Powell states that the total fall from Celilp to
Dalles City,. a distance of 13.6 miles, is, at ex
treme low water 61.7 feet, at extreme high
water 56 5 feet. The dietince from safe water
above Celilo Falls to navigable river next
above The Dalle Landing is 56 feet; the total
fall at low water is 80.7; this fall decrease
gradually to flood stage when it becomes ."3.2
feet. To overcome these falls four plana an
suggested. Capt Powell recommends the re
moval of obstruction;, below Celilo Falls and
the construction of a canal and locks arcund
them. While building the canal and locks h
proposes to use a free wa'eon mad fl.fl mile
long, to be converted into a free railroad port
age of less than two miles in length, as soon
i me cnannei is maue nayigatile to the Itot 01
tho falls. To carry out this plan, including
the canal, he estimates, would cost $10,617,
343 71, and he thinks that with appropriations
0 $1,000,000 a year the .work cculd be com
pleted in about eleven year from commence
ment. Ex.
W.Don't wear dingy and faded thin wk.n
the ten-cent Diamond Dye will mako them a t
good a new. Thy are perfect.
Vi hen your wife1 health is bad, when your
children are sickly, when you feel worn out,
use Brown's Iron Bitter.
Three new utecritr and $7.60 will enti
tie you to the WiiXAsiEmFAKiitBcnejear.
There i no neighkorhood in all the North
west where an active rnsn, weman, girl, or
boy cannot earn a year1 suUcrirticn to thi
paper by a little attention for a few day.
(Twill cart your old,