Willamette farmer., November 10, 1882, Image 1

VOL. XIV.
iforrcspoiulcuc.
Tualatin Orange Fair. .
New Era, Or., Oct. 31, 1882.
Editor Willamette Fanner :
I thought it would cot be amiss to send you
an account of a pleasant time we had at the
Tualatan Orange on Oct. 28, 1882. We had
appointe 1 that time to c'irry in samples of
our products in the agricultural line, and with
the assistance of some of the members of the
Oswego Grange, we had a display of things
that wf, at least, felt proud of. Though
nothing was taken in tho way of products
but what was hastily picked out of the com
mon crop, parties who had been in attend
ance to the State and Mechanics' Fair de
clared ours to rank higher, everything con
sidered, than at cither of those places. In but
few instances was the exhibit there only a fair
representation of the common crop, and the
extra large specimens were all taken from the
fields, they happening to grow in favored
pots, without any extra thought or care from
the produces. I will send a list of some of
the things there on exhibition. Though the
day was quite stormy we had a good turnout,
and with a good dinner and short speeches
everybedy appeared to enjoy themselves
Ttomas Bockmav, Secretary.
List of articles on exhibition :
J. Ranger, 2 varietios potatoes, 1 rutabagas,
1 peas.
T. Turner, 1 variety of oats, 1 fasea wheat,
1 corn.
Mrs. N. E. Turner, 1 variety of bread, 1
blacklerry jam, 1 quince preserves, 1 Wan
dering Jew"planr.
Albert Turner, 1 variety of beets.
James Turner, one squash.
Lizzie Turner, I wreath of paper flower, 2
shell frames, 2 tidies.
John Kruse, 2, varieties of potatoes, 4 of
apples, 1 winter wheat.
Mrs. J. Kruse, 4 varieties of cake, 1 bread,
1 pickle yeast, 1 pickles, 1 jelly, 1 browued
coffee, 4 boxes flowers.
Louisa Kruce, 2 mottoes, 2 boxes plants, 1
skirt.
Anna Kruse, 2 piintings, 1 toilet Bet, 1
skirt.
Homer Kruse, 2 dianiogs.
J. L. Krusj, 1 variety of apples, 1 of pears.
Mrs. Am a Barms, 1 cake, 2 quilts, 1 pair
gloves.
Ola Barnes, 1 lamp mat.
T. Buckman, 3 varieties of earn, 1 potatoes,
2 of pears, 1 of parsnips.
Mrs. C. Buckman, one box of varieties, 1
box of petrified woods, 1 stone mortar, butter,
pickled pears, honey, walnuts, i
S. H. Carter, 10 varieties of apples, 3 of
pears, 1 of peaches.
Mrs. L. A. Carter, white silk wreath, 2
quite.
Mrs. Lydia Buckman, Silver spoon 150
veara old.
Mrs. S. Henry, 3 varieties of jelly, 3 of
canned fruit, bread, vinegar, marmalade,
stocking bags, cornucopia.
Lucy Henry, cornucopia, card basket.
G. A. Henry, 4 varieties of beans, pumpkin,
pop corn.
Mrs. J. Wbitmore, chart for cutting ladies'
dresses.
J. H. Whitmore, gourds.
H. E. Hayes, 12 varieties of dried plums,
1 of apples.
Alice Hayes, 2 varieties of apples,
Mrs. C. E. Shipley, afghan, patchwork,
Kensington embroidery, pictures, pressed
flowers, bracket, shells, seeds, etc, sampler
made in 1838, toilet, bottles, cones, geological
specimens, moss agates." J '- ' J ,
Lcnnie A. hipley, wall pocktt.i watch
; pocket , ,rT., . n
' 'Randolph Shipley ,'NorwMiaa spoon.
Mrs. Sinara Martin, quince jelly, crab apple
jelly.
A. R. Shipley, 6 varieties of grapes 7 of
potatoes, 2 of peas, 4 of apples, sorghum
it r
sugar.
John Adin, corn stalk sugar carrots.
Mis. Graham, quinces.,
Oregon Bee Keepers Convention.
Obxqon City, Oct. 26, 1882.
Editor Willamette Fanner i
, Quite a number of persona interested in bee
' " culture met together in Oregon City for the
purpose ot organizing a society or organization
to promote and encourage the keeping of bees.
An organization was effected, constitution
and by-law s adopted, an 1 the following officers
elected for the ensuing years Dr. J. W.
Morris, President; A. Warner, Vice President;
E. E. Chaiman, Secretary; A. F. Miller,
Treasurer. J. D. Rusk, of Clackamas, M. V.
Eusley, of Yamhill and T. L. Rigcsof Mult
corral), Executive Committee.
The tret regular annual rr eeting will be heM
Wednesday, Kovember22, 182, af 10 o'clock
at Oregon City.
The following institution and by-laws
were adopted:
constitution.
Article I This Association shall bo known
as the Oregon Bee Keepers Association.
Art. II The object of this Association
shall be the promotion of scientific bee-culture,
by forming a strong bond of union among bee
keepers, laying aside all conflicting interests,
let all subjects for discussion be brought bo'ore
the convention at the proper time.
Art III The officers of this Association
shall consist of a President, Vice-President,
Secretary and Treasurer, whoso duties shall
be those usually assigned to such officers, and
their" term of ullice shall be one year, or until
their successor sha'l be elected.
Ait. IV By signing this constitution and
paying tho Treasurer the sum of fifty cents,
annually, any membetmay become a member
of this Association.
Art. V Ladies interested in bee-culture
may become members by signing this consti
tution. Art. VI The regular meeting of this Asso
ciation 'shall be held at such time and place as
shall be agreed upon at any previous annual
meeting.
Art. VII Special meeting may be called by
the President.
Art. VIII The officers of the Association
shall constitutor committee to select subjects
for discussion and appoint members to deliver
addresses and read essays, and the same shall
be published with the call for the next annual
meeting.
Art. IX This constitution may be amended
by a two thirds vote at tny regular meeting.
Art. X An executive committee consisting
of three members shall be elected at each an
nual meeting.
by-laws. "
Article I Tho offic-rs of this association
shall be elected by ballot.
Art. II It thai! be the duty of the Presi
dent to call and preserve order in all meetings
of the Association; to call for nil reports of
officers and standing commit ces; to put to
voto all motions regularly seconded; to decide
upon all questions of order, according to tho
constitntitn and by-laws of the Association,
and in accordance, with parliamentary usage;
to count tho votes at all elections, to supply
all v.aoaucies in office; and at tho expiration of
his office, to deliver an address beforo the
Association.
Art. Ill It is the duty of the Vice-President,
in the absence of the IVsident, to per
forin the diltioi of that office.
Art. IV H shall be the duty of the Secro
tary to call the names of all the acting mem.
hers of the Association at the opening of each
regular meetisg, and to mark all delinquents;
to report all proceedings of the Association,
and record the same, when approved, in the
Secretary's book of the Association; to cen
duct all correspondence of the Association,
and to file and preserve all papers belonging
to the same; to take and record the name and
address of every person who becomes a mem
ber of the Association, and transfer the
moneys received for initiations to the Treas
urer, after taking his receipt tor the same;
and to give notice of all regular meetings of
the Association, in agricultural papers, which
are available in the district covered by this
Association, and in the bee papers, at least
four weeks before the time of meeting.
Art. V It shall be the duty of the Treat
nrer to receive from the Secretary the funds
ot the Association, and give bis receipt for the
same; to pay them out upon the order ot the
executive committee, and to render a written
report of all receipts and expenditures of the
Association at each regular meeting.
Art. VI The Association shall be gov
erned in tbe main by the following order of
business : '
Call to Order.
Calling tbe Roll.
Secretary's Report.
Treasurer's Report. ,
Report of Standing Committees.
President's Address.
Receiving of Members.
Election of Officers.
-Miscellaneous Business.
Discussion.
Adjournment.
v
Art VII Tbe executive conimittee of this
Association' shall cause 'Wsuconsuiunon ami
by-laws to be printed in appropriate form, and
every person joinimr the As.ociation sljall bo
entitled to a copy ot the same.
Art. VIII These by-laws may be amended
by a two-thirds ote cf all the members pres
ent at any reguhr meeting of the Association.
Letter from WaU Walla. W. t.
Walla Walla, Oct. 22, 1882.
Editor Willamette Farmer :
I bars thought to drop a few hues, thinking
mijbt help to make your valuable paper In
PORTLAND, OREGON,
teresting to our many farmer reader. By the
way a great many more should litvo it on
their center table than now do. I am a wheat
farmer, and have been more or less since I8G3
in this valley. One fault with our puttiucin
grain is this, we plow and sow all right; but,
when it comes to harrowing, one of the most
effective implements we have in use, wo stop
before we are half done. There is nothing
pajs so well as thorough harrowing. My
experience Ik like tho lager beer mau. Too
much is hhnrt enough. I would say, harrow,
harrow, harrow, and when you have harrowed
for the last time, tell Juhn to go and harrow
again.
Summer-f Hew grain is largely sown in the
Dry 'Creek region of our valloy. Weather is
charming; farmers aro rushing things. The
te'iiptation ot good, seasonable weather is so
great that some fields intended for fallow next
spring are being turned up for auother crop,
i. e. , what wo call a stubble crop.
We raise considerable crops of corn in this
immediate neighborhood, and find it a
splendid substitute for regular summer-fallowing.
It furnishes us luxurious horse and cow
feed during our dry fall weather; saves feed
ing our small grains which wc can sell for
cash, and goes far in solving tho problem of
successfully niakinp the farm pay. I wish to
furnish a small compensation for the many
useful and instructive hints, which I gain
from the articles contributed by farmers; even
if they aro not as concise and grammatically
gotten up as scmo mitdit do, who are profes
sional composers?
Respectfully, ours,
Milt. EvAhs.
STOCK OF PIGS AND BEES WANTED.
SroKAM Falls, W. T., Oct. 27, 18S2.
Editor Willamette Farmer :
Pleaso inform me from w horn I can purchase
pure Italian bees and the best (.tick of hogs in
Oregon. By giving mo the addresses of some
of your leading and hog raisers, you will very
much oblige. Yours truly,
Fka.cis A. Cook.
Remarks. Such questions as these are
continually being asked of us, and we trust
those who have fancy stock for sale will make
it known. A small card iu our breeder's direc
tory will pay any order, and at the same time
is cheap.
Weather Report for October, 1882
During October, 18S2, thero were 17 days
during which ram fill, and an aggregate of
7,01 inches of water; 4 clear dajs, 10 cloudy
days other thau those on which raiu fell.
The mean temperature for Ihe month was
48.61 dcg.
Highest daily mean temperature for the
month, 63 deg. on the 4th, 6th, 7th and 7th.
Lowest daily mean temperature, 40 deg. on
the 30th.
Mean temperature for the month at 2
o'clock r. M., 54.03 deg.
Highest temperature for the month, 59 deg.
at 2 r. M. on the 2d.
Lowest temperature, 33 deg. at 7 A. M. on
tbe 30th.
No frost yet in this immediate vicinity.
The prevailing winds for the month were
from the southwest during 23 days, north 8
During October, 1881, there were 18 days
during which rain fell, aud 6.92 inches of
water; 6 clear days and 7 clondy days.
Mean temperature for the month, 47.42 deg.
Highest daily mean temperature for the
month, f 4 deg. en he.I8h.
Lowest daily mean temperature for the
month, 35 deg. on the 13th.
T. Pkarcx.
Eola, November 1, 1882.
IN MEXOBUM.
Salih, Or., Nov, 6, 1882.
Editor Willamette Farmer t
The following resolutions were unanimously
adopted by Marion County Pomona Grange at
a meeting held on the 2d inst. :
Whkbxas death has borne from our number
our worthy Sister Malinda E. Glenn, we bow
is grief to the chsitening rod of our Father in
thus summoning from cur fraternal circle so
faithful a member of our Order, therefore
Huolctd, That this grange has lost ore of
its most efficient members, tbe community a
valued friend, the husband a fond wife, the
children an affectionate mother,
Jlcofvtl, That we hereby tender to opr
bereaved brother and family cur heartfelt
sympathy.
Hitched, That these resolutions 1m re
coided with the proceedings of the grange,
that copies be famished tbe Staleman. Dis
MAinaor and Willaulttk Faiiuer for p-ib-licatlon;
alio, that tho family of the deceased
be furnished )"' a copy.
J. L. HlLLEAUY.
J. M, Kimey, CoTinittce.
E. A. DoL-eiE.
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1883.
AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY.
The following excellent essay was read be
fore a recent meeting of Karmington Grange
No. 110, at Uillsboro, Washington county, by
Thomas Withycombe, Sr., and is recom
mended to our readers as an able and compre
hensive thesis on tho above topic.
Woutiiv Master i Our inquiry to-day
will be Agricultural Chemistry. First, wc
will take scnu thing that is going on -nearly
every day around us. For instance, if yen
take any egttable, say wheat, wheat straw
or bay, or auy other material of that kind,
and burn it, you send back into the air the
material which tho plant originally derived
fiom tho air, and there remain behind in the
form of ashts tho materials which the pluits,
by its ioot, derived from the soil; so that wo
have a general division of the constituents of
any vegetable body into two varieties,
namely, those materials derived from the air,
and which may be called atmospheric or
organic elements, and those derived from
tho earth, which may be called mineral or
earthy elements. Tho terms mineral and
organic may bo thus explained : If a plant is
burnt, the ashes represent the mineral nutter
taken from the soil, while the part consumed
is the organic matter taken from tho atmos
phere. If wo examine the materials that are
driven off by red beat from any plant w hat
ever, we find them to consist of four clo
ments, caibon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitro
gen, I particularly wish you to remember
these names, as I shall speak of them separ
ately, showing some of their primitive combi
nations witlnach othtr. Tho combinations
those four elements are capablu of forming
are infinite. Carbon ou w ill find almost Hire
in charcoal, animal fat and oils. This is a
most important ilem nt, and is nbtsined
from tho air. Take, for instance, the hill
from Mr. Lewis' tti Mr. Englcton's; see the
timber on fit) noith side, where the rocks
could retain a litt'e moisture, the enormous
amount of oarbon per acre if it- were
converted into ih.irco.tl. It could not come
from the soil, for it is nothing but rock; yet
that land is richer now than butore tin so
trees grow there. Ifjouburn charcoal in an
open tire, it combines with oxjgeu and pasi-es
oil in carbonic acid gas. Now, ivory nniinal
t at breathes, evtrylire that burns, and every
f rmcntiug pllo is throwing otf this rarli'jiuu
acid into the air, which is ono of tho most
dea lly poisons animals c.in tike into their
lungd. Carbonic acid is often found in the
bottoms of disusetl wells, many men having
sacrificed their lives in cotiscquenco.
Oxjgcn is the most vital of all thur ele
ments. We could not breathe without it,
neither could fire burn. It comoincs with fie
metals we use in our implement!, which
causes them to rust; it also composes nine
tenths of w ater.
Hydrogen is found in common coal gas,
such as is burnt in street lamps; it is also
used to inflate balloons, being the lightest gas
known: water contains ene tenth of this gas.
Plants have the power of decomposing water,
sending off' the oxygen and retaining tbe hy
drogen. Nitrogen is the basis of all animal muscle,
and is fouud In large quantities in all seeds
of plants; it unites with hydrogen and forms
ammonia. You can detect it iu close stables.
Ladies smelling bottles contain pure ammonia;
smoke from open fires also contains a largo
per centage of ammonia. If the land contains
a little lime it has the power of absorbing this
ammonia from tbe air and rains, and fixing it
in the soil as nitrates, ; the quantities of am
monia brought to the soil in this way every
year, according to analytical chemists, would
astonish you. This is'one great cause of a lit
tie lime plaster having such effect on clover;
the lime fixes the ammonia. I would recom
mend any one making a good summer-fallow
to buy a little plaster early in summer and ttir
it up with the land all summer. We are all
apt to look upon saltpetre rather as a means
of blowing people's heads and bodies asunder
than under any other aspect, but. we must not
forget that it is, in fact, one of the main arti
cles of the farmer's productions. When Eng
land snd France were at war in 1708, England
cut off the supply of saltpetre from the East
Indies. All the saltpetre used by Napoleon
was mads from the inoitar or lime from old
houses, bottoms of cow and horse stables, and
other places where urine had penetrated. The
way in which saltpetre heaps were made may
be very briefly described: A layer of lime was
put ou tho ground, on that layer was put
horse manure, straw, animal matter, such as
horse flesh, or any similar ma'.eriol. This
heap was kept under cover, so as not to allow
tco larxe a quantity of water to fall upon it.
It was kept moist bv lein watered with
urine; when uiiue could not be procured w ater
alono was used in like manner. In fifteen or
eighteen months the whole of the nitrofen and
ammon'a bad unitd with oxygen and had be
come converted into nitric acid.
Tho reason I have alluded to this subject is
1 1 show that summer fallowing is nothing
more or less than manuring from the air.
When you fallow the land, do you not expose
the land by repeated turning to tho action of
tho air I Do you not allow it to absorb w hat
it cau from tho air? Do yon not naffer it to
lie in .i porous state and afford it all proper
opportunities of acting upon tho air ? Tho
consequence is that by fallowing you cause
the poious body of the soil to act upon tho
air, and there is absoroed a considerable por
tion of ammonia, nitric acid, carbonic acid
and ether materials essential to the growfli of
plaits; it is, in fact, a syrtom of manuring
fiom the air.
Now let mo hero point out that without
drainage we aie laboring muler u grent disad
vantage, either to fallow or plow. hat is
tho use of drainage, if a toil act by nie-ns of
norositv upon tho nir. as I have told you T It
lines, of aourse. when its pores avo filled witn
water, as no such action cau take place;
therefore it vhould be a first principle "ith
all farmers that the coil should cither be nat
urally sufficiently porous for the water io
descend and the air to enter, or that it
shall be brought itto that state artificially,
that i, by, proper draining. Whatever I
may have to say, therefore, applies to land
which is in such a statu of porosity that air
and watt r can enter, so as to havo their de
nied proper action up n tho Boil. This
leads me to notice Jethro Fall's plan. Jo'hro
Fall was tho first to introduce the drill hus
bandry In Europe. He had ft notion that by
pulverizing the soil to a veiy great extent ho
could make it sufficiently fine to pass through
the pores of tho roots and enter tho plants,
and that thus he could effectually pruidc
against tho want of nature. Now, although
he had got hold of a bad theory, his practice
was, to a groat extent, sound, as was proved
by his producing wheat in this way year after
1 car for a considerable period. Through tho
constant stirring, thero Iiob liecn a powerful
absorption of materials fiom the air, nitre
bods have been formed, and tho result pro
duced is tho sauio as if jou linil niiiiiircd
by tho wagon load. I have mentioned
tnis caso as I want you to understand
that manure conies from tho sir em tho
ono side and tho eaitli on the eitliei, ana
that a proper working of tho land and n pro
per exposure of it to the air, for the invisib'e
activo ingredients of the air are absorbed by
the soil to bo made use of by tlio plants, I
now wish to call your attention to the advan
tages of a rotation of crops. Experience Ins
shown that tho same crop cultivated on the
same soil, through successive years, deterior
ates, and will finally cease to yield profitably;
that certain plants will thrivo better after
others, and that those last will then again In
come productive; it is proved that plants
excrete from the roots; hence the opinion that
the same plant will not thrive in a soil, where
its excretions accumulate; nature itself teaches
the lesson, when you slash and born over your
fir land the consequence is, you get a growth
of another plant osk generally succeeds fir.
Now the first thing for us to study is, how we
can alternate our crops to tho best advantage,
the plants most usually usee!- for agricultural
purposes are divided into four familiesjcerAih,
embraces tho narrow leafed, such as all grain
and many of tho grasses; next comes the
bramkn family or broad leafed, such as cab
baee, turnips, rape and beets. Leguminous
includes the pea and tare family; trefoilall tho
clover family or plants producing three leaves.
The cerlal family Is the one you are most ac
quainted with; nature never intended this
family should obtain much food direct from
the atmosphere, having smooth narrow leaves,
therefor they must obtain their pi nt food
from the-soiL Vou would naturally say that
plants with large leaves, such as the brassica,
would draw more fiom the air than plants
with nsrrow leaves and small foliage; tike a
crop of ripo, for instance, it a.-nds out large,
broad leaves, and when a nice breeze puses
over them, and the sun shines upon them,
then there Is a very great absorption of mute,
rial from the air, which the plant eventually
puts into roots for the purpose of pro luting
seed; this is the simple purpose of the rape;
this material collected in the recto for the pro
duction of send containing lare quantises of
nitrogen, is plowed iu the soil, gradually de
composes; the wheat is then sown; it hat nar
row leaves, and it could not abnorh more
from tho air than would produce iKrhaps 10
or 16 bushels per acre, but by the use of rape
previously which is bitter thsn fallowing, be
cause you hate a vital a0i'iny, in addition,
which the wheat lays hold of, there is a
great Ine rcasa of crop. Take rod clocr now
what dots the clover do? o.-ery little laf
lt, which it shoots up into the air, send) a
root'tt downwards, so tint in exact propor
NO. 39.
tion to tho upward growt'i of the clover is the
dow nward growth of the root; and when you
have tiken the clover away jou retain in tho
ro- ti several tous-pcr aero of valuable veg
etable matter, which, by its slow decomposi
tion, nffords nutriment for the narrow leafed
wheat, I will right hero give you my own,
practical oxpeiicncc; for many years in Eug
land my system of farming was the five
course; therefore, every fifth of my land was
seeded down every year, part of which was
cut for hay and tbo otVer part postured. I al
ways had an idea that the pasturing with
sheep wou'el improve the land more thai cut
ting a heavy crrp of haj ; but from pra tice, I
am convinced you benefit your hand most by
ttvo cutt'ngs of hay ono at midsummer, just
aft-r tho bloom makes its appearance., and
again iu thu fall beforo it begins to mature its
seeds, if you intend clover as a renovating
crop, it should novcr bo rastui.d for reasons
previously xplaincd.
ROLLING MILL AT OSWEGO.
It seems that private capital, t a very
largo amount, is interested at tho present
t'mo in developing tho iron ioteicstj of our
State As a commencement, a p mchasehas
been made of tho property at Oswego, oight
miles from Poit'and, where a smelting furnace
has been in operation for somo years. Land
to the oxteut of 60,000 aires in n'l has been
acquired, giving tho company control of vart
beds of iron, timborlatid, and aterprivileges,
The cstato is immense in extent a'.d the en
terprise will bu pushed with all the foice great
capital cau impart. The intention is to not
only mauufacturo pig iron from the ore, but
1 1 establish rolling mills capable of turning off
linmcnso quantities of material. Such works
as this will initiato a business that must grow
toast proportions. Our mints must some
time be improved and the sooner the better.
If w),can sat'sfy the great demand for railroad
iron that will hcrcaft i exist on t'lii side ot
the continent, by home manufacture1, that will
be ngra tl commencement for tho tii.uuifaituie
of iron. It, is in suih re-speets that this portion
of the Pacifio Coa't can and must ex col the
dovilopment of thrso nat'itnl resoutcos will
bring pcimanent prosperity and inimtnse
wealth, in it dt oh in other Stut s,
One great ndnnttg of the Ojw go location
is that ships can lu:s I there as easily as nt
Portland. Tho ore beds have Lceii traced
nine miles; thu nnt.il is of tuir-cnur quality,
equal t j best Norway iron; the orois so easily
got that iron can bo male under most favor
able circumstances, watr power beiuyabun
dant for the rolling mills, For years past the
Central Pacific railroad has bad its car wheels
made of Osw iso iroif, because of its superior
toughness and genera' good quality, or it it
said to be superior to any oro hitheiti found
in North America. If a company had oper
ated these mines with sufficient capital hereto
fore, no doubt ffreat success would have fol
lowed. As it is, the iron has been ship
ping abroad in bars or pigs, and used at home
for making stoves, and by our foundaries and
machine shops to such good advantage that
they have acquired a reputation for doing bet
ter work than San Francisco shops, the iron
being of bettor quality than the imported iron,
or iron fiom California mines, used in that
c ty. The ore deposit extends through the
range of lulls back of Portland, and crops
out again near tbe Columbia river near St.
Helens.
Tho company that incorporates with S. G,
lleed as President, has a nominal capital of
13,000,000 and should the business prosper
with good management no doubt unlimited
capital will stand realyto take hold of it.
The result of possessins; iron, coal, forests and
limestone, all of which are necessary for the
manufacture of Iron, fan hardly be appreciated
by common minds. Wi may live to se the
greatest industries known to man thrive snd
build up immense shops and factories close by
us, employing large forces of laborers to be
fed from on fields and gardens and generally
to benefit tbe country by cheapening products
of lion as well as furnishing a better horns
warjicii iur lunii stun, it is muy prouaoic
that iron ships may before long bo built on
Oregon rivers and on Puget Sound, where iron
mines are also worked. Should iron manu
faoture prove really a success, wo may look
fur such results ss we do not dream of. Our
State has turned out good wooden ships and
lion ship building can easily follow. The
products of the soil and general living ex
penncs here aro so reasonable that labor cau
caily compete with the Kest.
While iron manufacture could exist hero te
some extent without through railroad connec
tion, yet such connection will securo the trans
portation of laborers in Greater numbers and
st reasonable ccat, anil wrill in every way a
Increase tho probability of snciees iu ull such
enterprises. We must buvo sucli facilities
btfure woianteaih any hlgli'coudltion as a
manufacturing region. We predicate our high
est I)0k of future greatness aud prominence
rn the fjot that wo posies natural resources
to make inami'.ictniiiijj .oilb'e. In this res
poet we must take tlm Imil over all other par
tious of the West Coast,
v-i