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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 15, 1882)
VOL. XIV. itrrcjiymucit$. BOMETHINd FOR FARMERS TO CONSIDER. Concert of action, combination of tho the animal, mental, moral and material forces, are the great levers of our modern civilization. For many centuries the human race has seemed to make but little progress. Man has been born, multiplied and passed aw ay. In telligence was monopolized by the few; the the masses were the slaves, the chattels of the few, and handled like so many animals. It was reserved for the nineteenth century for the masses to awake from their lethargy, quicken into life, assert thrir independence and take a hand in the management of public affairs. Formerly one man managed and ruled the multitude; now the people combine their strength and intelligence and govern themselves. If they are badly governed it is their own fault, their own neglect. If farm ers are dis-atisfied with the dealings of mid dlemen, it is their privilege to try others, or do their business themselves; it is a free coun try, there is no compulsion about it. All classes anefgrades of middlemen and consum ers have their organizations and combinations. All large industrial, mercantile, commercial and transportation enterprises are carried on by combination and co-operatiou. Co opera tion has become a necessity of modern tunes, If, then, it is beneficial to other classes, why should it not be to the fariuei ? Is there any thing to hinder ? Havo the middlemen placed any obstacles in the way, any embargo upon it ? Have they not set us tho example, and if there is any good in it, why should wo not profit by it ? Recognizing this great neces sity, farmers have made efforts for combina tion; have organized the grange; and where they have taken held of tho subject earnestly, have succeeded admirably in ameliorating their condition ? And why don't they all do it ? Must it be confessed that there is so much ignorance, so much selfishness, suspicion. and distrust of each other and everybody else that they cannot unite and combine for com mon interest and mutual benefit ? Reluct antly we arrive at such couclusin, however much we dislike to admit it. Middlemen have opened tho door, set the' example, pointed out the way, and the lessons they teach ara lost Upon you, the name as upon the wild steer, and you stand out shivering in the rain and sleet. For heaven's sake come in out of the storm and warm yourself; our firo is a big ono and wood is plenty, it will warm you while it warms us. I have said before farmers do not read enough or think enough; they are too busy, and at night ton tired, and I believe I should hit the nail square on tho head if 1 should add, and in many instances too stiogy and penurious to take a paper. I often enquire ; "Do you take the Farmer?" and it is amusing to hear tho excuses. One man says ; "No; I used to take it, and I thought it was a pretty good paper, but they stopped it on me," "How long did you tako it f" "Oh, ever since I moved over on to the Lnckiamute six or seven years ago." "Did you ever pay for it !" "Well, yes; I paid once when I came down to the city." Do you suppose they can run a paper without pay 1" "Well, I'd pay come time ; they knowed I was good." "Suppose they did, woula that buy paper and ink and type and pay printers Saturday night?" "Well, paper and ink doa't cost much." "No it don't to some folks." Another, an old pioneer of more than aver age intelligence : "No (quite sympathetic); I took it a good many years ago, but dam. Clarke won't do to tie to; he can't be trusted; I knew Sam. when he lived in Salem way back in the fifties." Well, now I thought that was a pretty hard charge on Sam., and I met another old pioneer from Marion, and had the curiosity to examine about old times up in that vicinity. He laughed and said : "I know all about it." Said he: "They had a little political squabble long ago, and Sam. was too smart for him and got away w ith him; that's what's the matter." Another : "I can't afford it; that paper costs two dollars anJ a half, aud I can get a good farmer paper from the States for fifty cents, and I won't throw my money away in that fashion." "What paper do you take from the States!" "Ob, I don't take any now. but I'm a goin' to." "You say you don't take any now. What one did you tike !" "Well, I didn't take any paper siuco I came out here." Another, a farmer's wife : "es, we take the Farmer and like it ; I've read all you say about butter, and have improved our butter considerably; and I don'i pat my hands in it; it bothers me to roll it so nicely as you do; I don't see how you do it." At McMinnville the other day I met a com jDy of farmers and their wives. Nearly all took the Farmer. I had a few copies to dis tribute, found only two or three but what had. it, aud it was the first crowd that I have met and had to bring some of tho. papers hack. Hurrah for McMinnville I I predict they will win. there are three papers published in Portland in the interest of ngriculture ! The Willamette Farmer, devoted to general agriculture in all its branches, with a synop sis of the general news of the day, a home de partment well conducted, market reports carefully prepared every week, just such a paper as the farmer wants; the editor himself engaged in fruit prowing, with great sucdcss, giving from time to time valuable hints and suggestions in that branch of agriculture, not mere theory and guess w ork, but from a prac tical standpoint. The Rural Sjririt, devoted more particularly to stock growing in all its branches, the propagatii n and improvent of stock, the editor untiring in his zeal and de votion to the stock interests; it should be taken and read by every stock grower in Ore gon and Washington Territory. Another paper, the Farmer and Dairyman, devoted more particularly to dairy interest, conducted by steady young men doing their own work and strivicg to build up just such a paper as the dairy interest requires. I take them all. First, because I find hints and suggestions in each, worth more to me than the price of the subscription; and secondly because it is helping to build up a home market for farm products. I hold that every farmer should take and lead an agricul tural paper published in the Stato where he is operating, and as many others as he can afiord. Soino farmers take llio farmeis' paper from the old States from whence they came because it costs only fifty cents or a dollar; that's all good and right as far as it goes, but we want the home paper first; one published iu tho latitude and climate where we live and act. As wo have before said, we want more reasoning, more intelligence; more intelligent action among tho farmers. Under the exist ing stato of affair and conducting business farmers without organization and co-operation arc liku a mob, a labble opposed to o well disciplined army; we know the result before a blow is struck; it is a one-sided affair, a very one-sided affair; it is like a jug handle, all on one side. The middlemen have got hold of the handle, and the farmers are try ing to cling to the convex surface cf the jug, aud they don't cling worth a cent. Recently I met a ;ompany of farmirs discussing these matters, and was amused at the remedy pro poied by one grey-headed old pioneer : "Ho would stop the plow, then let them see where they would get their bread." "Look here, my dear old friend, I'll tell you what they'd do : they'd eat salmon and potatoes, as we did in pioneer times, and get bread from Califor nia, as we do butter." No, sir, that won't do; that would be like handling a two-edged an ord without any handle; it is a blade that cats both ways, and the man who wields it is in as great danger as tho opposing party; he is likely to get the worst of it; he has a bad job in his hands. We want no aggression; no retaliation; no hostility; there is no occasion for any. The present state of affairs is the outgrowth of modern progress. The middle men have progressed, have come in on the Hood tide, while the farmers have been out on the sands intently digging clams, and never thought about the tide till it came all round aud em eloped them. But you can wade out yet and a a yourselves if ou hurry up. The remedy is in co-operation. Look around you whichsoever way you will and you will find all largo enterprises carried on by co-operation. It matters not whether it be done iu cr out of the grange so that you do it. In all matters of common interest farmers must consult each other, act together, pull to gether and they can then right all their griev ances. If they would act together through an agency or commision boute iu the disposal of their products they would have some voice, tome influence in establishing and regulating the prices, whereas now they are powerless; they hive no influence to uphold their inter ests, and never will have so long as they growl and complain and do nothing ti regu late the evils they complain of. Need I say more ! First aud foremost, whatever you have to send to market send it in marketable shape; sort and sift and clean till the quality iigood; never stop short of it; give honest weight and honest measure; get the idea cut of your head that it don't pay to take pains; market each and all products at seasonable times, and not be always waiting and watching for an ex treme; practice .rigid economy till you are out of the woods; pay as you go and never run in debt if it can possibly be avoided; do without, pinch and economize 'till you place yourself In a petition to pay; den't buy a new ma chine so long as a few dollars will repair J PORTLAND, OREGON, the old one; consider a little money spent for agricultural papers as the best investment jou can make; and when made read, think, dis cuss and digest the contents, so as to realize on the investment; consult with your neigh bors and co operate with them in all matters cf common interest, and don't wait till every body ehe comes in, but go in yourself; set an example like a bell wether, and others will follow, aud prosperity and happiness will take the place of the present discontent. J. B. Kn Arp. ASSESSMENT AND TAXATION. (Communicated). Among the many questions that must neces sarily occupy the attention of our Legislature, in all probability, will be tound the ever-recurring question of taxation. If our legislators would calmly and disinterestedly set them selves to the consideiation of this subject, it might be fairly set at rest for many years to como. It must be conceded that a certain amount of money has to be raised by taxation every year. 'Human nature aud self interest will make every man try and get off w ith the smallest possible share of this .mrden, but it does not require very deep thought to con vince a man that by merely evading his just sharo of what must be raised, he merely shifts tho burden on to tho back of his neighbor, if, indeed, he shifts it at all, which is doubtful. He may waive it for a time, but it is almost certain to find him out in some way. The deduction-of-indebtedncss clause is really tho greatest evil of our assessment law, and in its working tho most unjust. It no doubt seems hard that a poor mon who has only sufficient capital to pay ono half the cost of his farm, should hae to pay taxes exactly as if he was the solo owner and had paid fur it all; but look at the matter a little closer. The man with a 5,000 farm, wholly paid for, is entitled to make interest on his capital in addition to payment for his own labor. The man with only 2,500 of capital is in this respect exactly tho tame, but see how it works out: Granting, for tho sake of illus tration, that the mnu with $5,000 makes 10 per cent, on his capital, or S500, and pays taxes to the extent of 50, ho is left with 450, or 9 per cent, on his investment, while the man with 2,500 on mortgago makes also 500 and pays 9 per cent, interest on tho 2,500 borrowed, or 225. This leaves him with 275, which is equal to 11 per cent, on his in vestment of 2,500. He pays no taxes, be cause his indebtedness is as great as tho as sured value of his farm. Ho is allowed this deduction of indebtedness on the assumption that tho money Under will pay taxes on the mortgage. If the money lender did so, the matter would be all right, but it would be in teresting, and also profitable for the Legisla ture to cause a return to be made of all de. ductions allowed within the Stato on accouut of mortgages, and also the total sum of mort gages on which taxes have been paid. Another phase of the question is this : De ductions of indebtedness may, according to the present law, be allowed to tho extent of several millions of dollars in any one of the valley counties, such as Linn or Marion, the taxes being understood to Lc paid by the mortgagees, very probably in Multnomah county. In this way tho farmers of these counties, who are not in debt, are compelled to pay a double taxation, or, if the law was properly rarried out, they would bo paying taxes on one or two million dollars in Mult nomah county, while the farmers who are in debt, and who require equally with the farmers who are not in debt, the protection of the law and all the privileges of tax-paying citizens, do not pay one cent therefor. Even were it practicable to assess capital and property both, as a principle of political economy it would be doubtful, but while it is impractical and inoperative, why allow so much real property to escape ? It is not the $20 gold pieces that circulate through the State that constitute its wealth; that gold would never have found its way to the State unless the State had within herself the equiv alent in real property, property that cannot be put out of sight when tho Assessor makes up his roll. Maine's Motto. The motto of the State of Maine, " Dirigo I lead," is applicable to Hunt's Itemtdy, It can truly say, "I lead" iu point of worth, merit and cures effected, and it is rapid I v as. mining the lead in sales. Iu all cases of kid ney or liver trouble", in all urinary complaints it is simply invaluable and unapproachable. Physicians bave discovered this, anil freely prescribe it; and hundreds who have been relieved of dangerous affections of the stom ach, kidneys, and liver by this great medi cine, chant its praises. Hunt's Remedy can truly say, "I lead out of weakness and dis ease into vigor and health." It is jxxr excel Itnee the Diri'jo medicine. iklimjr Men. "Well' Health. lUutvter" ret lorn health and rh or, corn Vjtytfti, laftau, fcciua iJttMty, tl. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1883. THE WILLAMETTE FARMER. The harvest is over and fanners are reaping the results of their year's labor. It is a season when they plan for the year to como, so wo present to their attention the claims of tho Farmer for their continued patronage, and as worthy of their influence with others. It is now over ten years since wo commenced editing this journal, and wc have succeeded in winning many friends from among the farmers of Oregon and Washington. It is not possible to employ canvassers to present the cause of tuo paper to every family, so we havo always depended on tho efforts of our friends to increase its circulation. Ten years is no small part of a lifetime, taken from the prune of one's career, and for ten years we havo labored earnestly for the interests of tho producer, who is really the man who lays the foundation for the prosper ity of all. There aro many who havo taken the Farmer through all those years, and their continued patronago attests tho estimation in which they hold this paper. It is our object to make this journal as use ful as possiblo to tho agriculturists of all this region all the Pacific Northwest. Disgusted with politics ar.d the tricks of politicians, re senting tho interference of railroad iuterests, as represented by Ben. Holladay, with our State affairs we retired from political jour nalism to take up a cause that w o could hon estly labor for. Having had experienco in farming hire in Oregon, and feeling a sincere attachment for a farmer's life, we naturally worked in harue-s as an agricultural editor. Without rlaiining personal knowledge of agriculture in any hig'.i degree, wo do bcliovo that this ten years of study of farming meth ods and of the interests of tho producing class have somewhat qualified Uj to continue this work to the advautogo of our patrons. The Farmer speaks for itBelf, The sincere re gard of thousands of readers is encourago mentj The detraction of some who choose to question our sincerity is due to the fact that we havo tho courage of our convictions, and in behalf of political honesty and grod govern ment are not afraid to take issue with any who transgress. We intend to mako tho Farmer tho best exponent of agriculture and advocate of tho true interests of the producer. Wo shall speak plainly on all questions in which our readers are concerned. We make a news de partment that covers all important events transpiring at home or abroad. Wc give the markets faithfully in the interest of tho pro ducer. As a family piper it has no equal in Oregon. Our Homo department wins favor with thousands of mothers and children. Our miscellany is calculated to amuse and instruct. The Farmer is an educator, unci its influence is always for good government, truo religion, temperance and the right as w o know it. We propese no new course, but follow that marked out from the first. We shall gather the experience of practical fanners every where, and give tho result to our readers. We shall take up importuut questions of furm life, as we have lately treated of grasses, and as we have done concerning fruit, and shall endeavor to make the Farmer valuable and acceptable to nil. "It is a poor rule that don't work both ways." Wo work for our friends, and we would like to have them w ork to ex tend our circulation, for which we offer lib eral compensation, as can !s seen elsewhere. Seed Depot. The need of reliable seeds is evident to all who cultivate land, aud also to the ladies aud others who tako pride in their flower gardens. We havo heard much complaint made in tho part, concerning unfruitful seeds, To havo reliable seeds when making meadow and pas turc, or when planting any crop whatever, or for ornamental pui poses, is all important. So we take pleasure in calling attention to the advertisement of Messrs. Miller Bros., of this city, who aro engaged in that business, and invito the patronage of our readers. They are well known, and havu the confidence of all who know them. Their determination is to carry on the business with enterprise, and supply their customers with the most reliable seuis uiai can io procureu. Mr. A F, Miller will act as Marshal of tho pavilion at the State Fair. Their business place, in Portland, is at the northwest corner of Front and Taylor streets. Valuable City Lots. e call especial attention to tho odveitiso ment of the Sell woo. 1 tract of laud, the adver tisement of which appears elsewhere. This is a good chance to make an investment in suburb and Portland property. Both Lydia K. Pinkham's Vegetable Com pound and Blood Purifier are prepared at 233 and 235 Western Avenue, Lynn, Mass. Price of either, $1. Six bottles for S3. Sent by mail iu the form of pills, or of lozcogers, on receipt of price, 81 per box for either, Mrs. Pinkham freely answers all letters of inqi'iry. Knclose 3c. stamp. Send for "Guide to Health and Nerve Strain," "Our Northern Rivals " Under tho above caption tho San Francisco Chronicle discourses as follows as to tho bright future of Puget Sound aud its r.dltoad and steamship connections: "Tho completion of the Northern Pacific Railway from Lako Superior to some point on Puget Sound within, at farthest a year and a half from this dato, is an assured fuot. With that part of the road which lies east of the Rocky Mountains, we aro not concerned. Whatever resources of tho country may be developed by tho road they will all uaturally drift eastward. But the trade of Idaho, Ore gon and Washington Territory will como west, and there will bo enough of it to crcato a great commercial city at tho terminus of th6 road on Puget Sound. Already, iu anticipa tion of tho event, Seattle, New Tacoma and all the probable and all tho possible towns along tho Sound up to Olympia, aro feeling the effects of that inspiration which springs from high hopes of tho future. No doubt most of them will find tho reality far below expectation, but at least ono city must and will spring, from tho feeding of this road, into, a position of rivalry with San Francisco for a largo amount of trado that wo havo hitherto almost exclusively enjoyed. Too Northern Pacific is a very poworful corporation As suming, as wo may, that Congress will not disturb its lapsed land grant, it will havo a surplus of more than 20,000,000 after com pleting and equipping its roid Mid co'.struct ing several necessary branches as feedeis. It can easily boi row $55,000,000 on tho un mortgaged part ol its grant. It is ambitious. Its president is an ardent, pushing, far seeing man of business, in the primo of life. There is earnest talk of a lino of steam-drips to con nect tho road with China aud Japan. It is shorter but a more stormy route to Japan than ours. Tho resources of tho w ostern third of tho road embraces extensivo deposits of coal andiron, wheat lands covoring an area equal to that of the Stato of Illinois, grazing lauds of still greater area, and the finest pine and cedar forests in tho world. Puget Sound must become ono of tho great lumber marts of tho world. Tho coal fields back of it, on the western slope of the Cascade mountains, exceed thoso of Pennsylvania iu tho quautity of their deposits, and tho quality is of the best. Badly situated as Portland is for com merce, she is and has been for five jears nno of tho liveliest cities in tho United States, more than doubling her population and treb ling her business from 1870 to 1880. What ever may bo tho effect on Portlaud of a line of railway running straight from tho mouth of Soako river through tho mountains to Seattle or Tacoma, it is easy to seo that there must spring up at the Sound terminus of tho road a city far more vital than tho one on the Wil lamette. Ships of any tonnage will bo able to reach it with no more obstruction than tho bay and entrance to San Francisco at present. Tho wheat, lumber, coal, wool and other pro ducts to tho vast and rich regio'i cast of tho mountains will support it, and its import commerce will support the whole country be tween the Cascades and tho Rockies, south of the Canadian Pacific and north of the Central Pacific. This is but one of the aspiring future rivals of San Francisco for tho commerce of tho Pacific ocean." k'lnno, Organ anil hewing Jlurhlue (ilven A w ny S Tito New A'orttuvt commences its twelfth volume on September 14th, and will then begin tho publication of its 100 pri.u serial "The Way of tho World," by Kllen K. ("livens Tho publishers havo inaugurated a grand pnzo scheme for canvassers, and will give away an elegant upright piano, a lino organ, a uvw uickie plated sewing machine, Well iter's Un abridged Dictionaries, and other artitlei. Drop a postal card to tho Duuiway Publishing Company, Portland, Oregon, for a sample copy of tho AVio Nortltirttt, containing tho fiist chapter of the new story and full partic ulars about tho prizes Why does not the proprietor of Aminen's Cough Syrup publish testimonials from thoto who have been cured or relieved by hit modi cum The answer is, the greater the hum "bug tho more testimonials they publish. Aiumeii's Cough Syrup is no humbug, and to prove that aril let it stand on its own merits, a l.Vcent sample kittle is prepared, which is certainly more convincing than a testimonial from a stranger. La.go bottle", $1. Ask, your druggist for it. Plow Deep. The lientfils of deep tillage aro exemplified in the caso of a party who last year purchased a farm in Yamhill county. Ho states that the land had been sown to wheat for many years and had ceased to bo productive, in fact, was considered worn out. He plowel the land deeper than it hail ever been stirred be fore, and on 27 acres railed 900 buihiU, nearly 37 bushels to the acre, while a neigh bor on the same amount of ground raised only COO bushels. Kxchunae, NO. 31. Influences tir Oood. Among the intitutnns of Portland no one is mora creditable to the city and the stato than the school for girls known s St. Helen's Hall. For thirteen y;.ars it has b-eu a center of culture and refinement, and the influences which have gono out from it to every part ot Oiogon and Washington have been of the very best. With all tho spirit of a pioneer it over- cam- tho embarrassing necessities of pionaor youth, and from early stiiiggles and success h is not learned too well the lesson of thrift. Bajun as a Christian cllort iu tho causo of what is beautiful and best in human nature, it continui s truo to that cause and earnest in it. How gr at has been its iufluonco for good no man can say. But ccitaiu it is that wherover they havo gono its daughters arc "as tho pol ished, corners of tho tfinplo." It is gratifying to know that this really good school, in opening its doors for tho fourteenth year, is in hotter condition every way than at nny previous timo in its hiitory. Its ktiff of teachers has been increased and greatly im proved. Thirteen ladies of tho highest educa tion, mnstnfthcmselected from eastern schools of high stinding, comp 'so the corps, while their varied aUiiuineiits cover the wholo range of scholarly and artistiu accomplishment. St. Huleu's Hall is now better tlnn over before ablo to givo thorough instruction to tho full extent of its com so. Many oldir and richer schools iu otherstates havo finer buildings and more spacious ground, but none iu the char acter aud accomplishments of its toichers affords I ettor facilities for tho cultivation of the mind?, tho moraW aud tho manncra of girls than does St. Helen's Hall. The attendance of boarders anJ day pupils is uoitsr this yoar which caininoncol on Morday than cVvr before, tho for.ncr coming iroin almost oveiy section of :hu S'ato and Ter ritory. Tacoma, Stvilaeonm, Jacksonville, Union county. Baker county, Wasco county, Clatsop county, Douglas county, Sin Fran cisco, Missoula and many other sections aro represented iu tho Hall family this yesr. Tho Hull is located in the high and hoalthful part of Portland, dirictly opposite tho city plaza, and its grounds, though limit d to tho spaco of a singlo block, are sightly and cheerful. It offers the best of educational facilities, tho special advautagu of city association and cul ture and tho comforts and guirdanship of a refined home. Scarcely loss important than this admirable school for girls, is tho boys school, which like it is under the gi-neral management of Bishop Morris ;lio Bishop Scott Grammar School. It opened on Monday with an ntendanco of boardors larger than for any term within the past fivo years and with tho best prospects tor tho year. It is a point which business men may appreciate, that tho disbursement in Portland of these schools but year was abavo $50,000. Oreyoninii, Sejit. tl. The New Flouring Mills. Yisterday we visited the City of Salem Cos new mills to sec how tlm work was pro gressing, and found everything full of life and activity, and being pushod forward as fast an money and men could do it The brick work ou the flouring mills, which is under contract to Thomas Mann, of Port land, was commenced yesterday by a force of masons which will bo doubled to-day, A largo pit 42 f net. in depth for the wheel to the flouring nulls is almost completed. Tho outside wood work to tho warehouse which will hold 180,000 bushels of wheat is finished and ready for tho tin roof. Another force of workmen is encaged in building a wharf on the river which will bo connected with the warehouse aud mills. Iu all there arc about 135 men employed, which makes a lively appearance in that part of tho city. Suli in Stat f man. Brmemlitr Till. II inn are tkk, Hop I'lucru will aurul) aid Nature In HiMni you well when all tire fall. If you am contlvv or dyarnptlo, or are tufUrlnir from an) other of the nuiiuooua tllw-aMU ol tlie stomach or li ivirli, It U your on fault II you rriiiiln II', lor Hep lllttera are a bovcrtUn remedy In all such eompUlnts. If you are mating avwy wll'i any I -rm cl Klliwy dl.ciHc, atop tempting Death lhl moment, ami turn lor ueure to Hop Hitter. II jou am sick with that teirrlblo likne" Nervoiu nc, you ulll llii'I a ' Halm In Jlleoi;ii the uieol Hop liltun. II vou am a frequenter, or a roddent ol a nilaiiiiitlc tllatrkt, liurrlunie your y.tiin avnliut the scourge ol all countries malarial, e;ilikmtc, hllloui, and intermit tent levtr-hy the uk ol Jlrp IlltUrs. r ) ou lure rou;(h, pimply or ullo akin, luul hrjitli, palna and a la", anl feel n.lnentMe irencrally, Hop Hit ters will irho you fair akin, rich blood, arul aweetott breath, health, ami comfort. In ihort they turo all l)l-ics ol fie atomuh. nor th, Mood, I. her. .Verve', M.lmjw, UrUlit'i DImuo. 'oOwill hepalillor auitethey lll notcureor he'p, Tliai lioor, bodridilen, Invalid U, lUr, nrthtr. or daughter, cau bo male tho ple'u cot health, hjr a lew bottlea ol Hup HllUr, oomln hut a trlMo. Will you lit tlierusuRcrt "llllrliuinllin. Ouak. emiUeU cure, all anuovlo Kidney. Ubuliler and Urinary Iilavoaea. tl. Hruriati.
